DE571235C - Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double mesh tube - Google Patents
Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double mesh tubeInfo
- Publication number
- DE571235C DE571235C DET39995D DET0039995D DE571235C DE 571235 C DE571235 C DE 571235C DE T39995 D DET39995 D DE T39995D DE T0039995 D DET0039995 D DE T0039995D DE 571235 C DE571235 C DE 571235C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- crystal
- tube
- arrangement according
- arrangement
- multivibrator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
- H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
- H03B5/34—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator active element in amplifier being vacuum tube
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/30—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups furs feathers, dead hair, furskins, pelts
- D06P3/305—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups furs feathers, dead hair, furskins, pelts with oxidation dyes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Description
Multivibratoranordnung mit zwei Röhren oder einer Doppelgitterröhre Bekannt ist die Schwingungserzeugung mittels Elektronenröhrensystemen, welche nur Widerstände und Kapazitäten enthalten, die als Multivibratoren"bezeichnet werden. Der Erfindungsgedanke besteht darin, daß eines der kapazitiven Schaltelemente durch einen piezoelektrischen Kristall ersetzt wird. Sodann entsteht eine Frequenz, für die der Kristall ein Minimum des elektrischen Widerstandes besitzt. Auf diese Weise werden Eigenfrequenzen des Kristalles angeregt, welche dieser bei kurzgeschlossenen Elektroden besitzt, so daß Elektroden- und Zuleitungskapazität die Frequenz nicht mehr beeinflussen. Einfache Ausführungsformen sind durch Abb. z und 2 gegeben. In Abb. z findet eine bekannte Zweiröhrenanordnung Verwendung. Die nicht geerdete Batterie im Anodenkreis des zweiten Rohres kann durch die übliche kapazitive Spannungsübertragung zum Fortfall gebracht werden. Abb. z stellt eine bekannte Doppelgitterröhrenanordnung dar. Auf den ersten Blick kann es scheinen, als wenn die Wirkungsweise darauf beruht, daß die Multivibratorschwingung durch den Kristall stabilisiert wird. Der Sachverhalt ist jedoch der, daß durch Einfügen des Kristalles eine neue Schwingungsmöglichkeit geschaffen wird. Vermöge der Elektrodenkapazität des Kristalles können auch Multivibratorschwingungen auftreten. Diese lassen sich aber durch Dimensionierung der Widerstände R,,und R- unterdrücken. So findet eine Bevorzugung der Kristallschwingung statt, wenn die Ungleichung Rk: RR < C#,: Ck erfüllt ist, wobei Rk der minimale Ohmsche Widerstand des Kristalles, CR die Elektrodenkapazität des Kristalles bedeuten, während C", die Summe der Röhrenkapazitäten und Leitungskapazitäten bedeutet, welche dem Widerstande Ra parallel liegt.Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double lattice tube The generation of vibrations by means of electron tube systems which only contain resistors and capacitances which are referred to as multivibrators is known. The idea of the invention consists in replacing one of the capacitive switching elements with a piezoelectric crystal. for which the crystal has a minimum of electrical resistance. In this way, natural frequencies of the crystal are excited which it has with short-circuited electrodes, so that the electrode and lead capacitance no longer influence the frequency.Simple embodiments are given in Figs. A known two-tube arrangement is used in Fig. 2. The non-grounded battery in the anode circuit of the second tube can be eliminated by the usual capacitive voltage transmission At first glance it can seem as if the mode of operation is based on the fact that the multivibrator oscillation is stabilized by the crystal. The fact is, however, that inserting the crystal creates a new possibility of oscillation. Due to the electrode capacity of the crystal, multivibrator oscillations can also occur. However, these can be suppressed by dimensioning the resistors R ,, and R-. The crystal oscillation is preferred if the inequality Rk: RR < C # ,: Ck is fulfilled, where Rk is the minimum ohmic resistance of the crystal, CR is the electrode capacitance of the crystal, while C "means the sum of the tube capacitances and line capacities, which is parallel to the resistor Ra.
Eine hohe Konstanz der Frequenz wird nur dann erhalten, wenn die Werte der Widerstände R,, und R,- in der Größenordnung des Kristallwiderstandes Rk liegen. Denn nur so erhält der aus dem Kristall und den Widerständen Ra und R. gebildete Kreis eine Dämpfung von der Größenordnung der Kristalldämpfung. Eine solche Dimensionierung ist aber nur für lange Wellen möglich. Eine Durchführung des Erfindungsgedankens bei kurzen Wellen ergibt sich, wenn in der Zweiröhrenanordnung in Abb. z der Widerstand des zweiten Rohres durch einen elektrischen Schwingungskreis ersetzt wird (Abb. 3). Als zweites Rohr kann sodann ein Rohr großer Verstärkung, insbesondere ein Schirmgitterrohr, gewählt werden. Die Einführung eines Schwingungskreises bietet sogar einige Vorteile, indem je nach Einstellung der Eigenfrequenz des Kreises die durch Selbsterregung erzeugbaren Eigenfrequenzen des Kristalles getrennt dargestellt werden können. Jede dieser Frequenzen ist definiert durch ein Minimum des Anodenstromes der ersten Röhre. Innerhalb des Schwingbereiches läßt sich die Frequenz des Oszillators linear mit der Eigenfrequenz des elektrischen Schwingungskreises nach dem Gesetz dco:dcu=ek:e ändern, wobei dco die Frequenzänderung; ek die Dämpfung des Kreises (Kristall, R", Rn ) und dco die Änderung der Eigenfrequenz des elektrischen Schwingungskreises und ü die Dämpfung desselben bedeutet.A high constancy of the frequency is only obtained if the values of the resistances R ,, and R, - are of the order of magnitude of the crystal resistance Rk. This is the only way to get the one formed from the crystal and the resistors Ra and R. Circle a damping of the order of magnitude of the crystal damping. Such a sizing but is only possible for long waves. An implementation of the idea of the invention in the case of short waves, if in the two-tube arrangement in Fig. z the resistance is of the second pipe is replaced by an electrical oscillating circuit (Fig. 3). The second tube can then be a tube with a large reinforcement, in particular a screen lattice tube, to get voted. The introduction of an oscillation circuit even offers some advantages, in that depending on the setting of the natural frequency of the circle, the self-excitation generated natural frequencies of the crystal shown separately can be. Each of these frequencies is defined by a minimum of the anode current the first tube. The frequency of the oscillator can be adjusted within the oscillation range linear with the natural frequency of the electrical oscillation circuit according to the law dco: dcu = ek: e change, where dco is the frequency change; ek the damping of the circle (Crystal, R ", Rn) and dco the change in the natural frequency of the electrical oscillating circuit and ü means the attenuation of the same.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DET39995D DE571235C (en) | 1931-12-29 | 1931-12-30 | Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double mesh tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE397007X | 1931-12-29 | ||
DET39995D DE571235C (en) | 1931-12-29 | 1931-12-30 | Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double mesh tube |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE571235C true DE571235C (en) | 1933-02-25 |
Family
ID=25888738
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DET39995D Expired DE571235C (en) | 1931-12-29 | 1931-12-30 | Multivibrator arrangement with two tubes or a double mesh tube |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE571235C (en) |
-
1931
- 1931-12-30 DE DET39995D patent/DE571235C/en not_active Expired
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