DE541148C - Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters - Google Patents

Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters

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Publication number
DE541148C
DE541148C DESCH90949D DESC090949D DE541148C DE 541148 C DE541148 C DE 541148C DE SCH90949 D DESCH90949 D DE SCH90949D DE SC090949 D DESC090949 D DE SC090949D DE 541148 C DE541148 C DE 541148C
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Prior art keywords
phenol
water
ammonia
production
sodium hydroxide
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DESCH90949D
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German (de)
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/68Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
    • C07C37/70Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
    • C07C37/74Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by distillation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/005Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by obtaining phenols from products, waste products or side-products of processes, not directed to the production of phenols, by conversion or working-up
    • C07C37/009Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by obtaining phenols from products, waste products or side-products of processes, not directed to the production of phenols, by conversion or working-up from waste water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/64Preparation of O-metal compounds with O-metal group bound to a carbon atom belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/66Preparation of O-metal compounds with O-metal group bound to a carbon atom belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by conversion of hydroxy groups to O-metal groups

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Phenol in Form von Natriumphenolat aus phenolhaltigen Wässern Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Phenolen aus phenolhaltigen Wässern und eine zur Ausübung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung. Es ist bekannt, bei derartigen Wässern die Phenole durch Waschen mit einem organischen Phenollösungsmittel, vorzugsweise Benzol, oder anderenTeerölfraktionen zu entfernen. Bei diesem Verfahren müssen jedoch die Phenole von dem Lösungsmittel erst in einem zweiten Arbeitsgang wiederum getrennt werden, und zwar entweder durch Abdestillieren des mit Phenol angereicherten Lösungsmittels oder durch Behandeln des Lösungsmittels mit einer alkalischen Flüssigkeit, insbesondere mit Natronlauge. Abgesehen davon, daß für dieses Verfahren eine verhältnismäßig umfangreiche Apparatur erforderlich ist, sind gewisse Verluste des Lösungsmittels in den zu behandelnden phenolhaltigen Wässern nicht zu vermeiden. Es ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, phenolhaltige Wässer zu erhitzen und dadurch teilweise zu verdampfen, um einen hochphenolhaltigen Rückstand zu erhalten. Da aber die Phenole an und für sich mit Wasserdampf sehr flüchtig sind, ergab sich hierbei nur eine ungenügende Entphenolung des behandelten Wassers.Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters The invention relates to a process for the extraction of phenols from phenol-containing waters and one suitable for carrying out the process Contraption. It is known to wash the phenols with such waters an organic phenol solvent, preferably benzene, or other tar oil fractions to remove. In this process, however, the phenols must be removed from the solvent can only be separated again in a second operation, either by Distilling off the phenol-enriched solvent or by treating of the solvent with an alkaline liquid, in particular with sodium hydroxide solution. Apart from the fact that a relatively extensive apparatus is required for this process is required, there are certain losses of the solvent in the to be treated water containing phenol cannot be avoided. It has also been suggested To heat water containing phenols and thereby partially evaporate them to produce a water with a high phenol content To get residue. But since the phenols in and of themselves with water vapor very much are volatile, this resulted in insufficient dephenolation of the treated Water.

Bei den Abwässern einer nach dem direkten Ammoniakgewinnungsverfahren arbeitendenAnlage zur Gewinnung der Nebenprodukte von Kohlendestillationsgas, insbesondere bei dem bei der Schlußkühlung der Gase entstehenden Kondensate, ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, eine Nutzbarmachung der Phenole in der Weise vorzunehmen, daß das Abwasser zwecks Bindung der in ihm enthaltenen geringen Phenolmengen zu Phenolnatrium mit Natronlauge o. dgl. behandelt und dann durch Destillation in Kesselspeisewasser und konzentrierte Phenolnatriumlauge getrennt wird. Gemäß der Erfindung wird in ähnlicher Weise die Entphenolung von Ammoniakrohwässern vorgenommen. Das phenolhaltige Wasser wird unter gleichzeitigem Zusatz von Natronlauge in einer indirekt beheizten Destillationsblase verdampft. Zweckmäßig ist es, mit dem heißen Destillat das zu behandelnde phenolhaltige Rohwasser in einem Wärmeaustauscher vorzuwärmen, um die zur Beheizung der Destillationsgase erforderliche Wärmemenge nach Möglichkeit zu verringern.In the case of wastewater, one after the direct ammonia production process working plant for the recovery of the by-products of coal distillation gas, in particular in the case of the condensates formed during the final cooling of the gases, has already been proposed been to make a utilization of the phenols in such a way that the wastewater for the purpose of binding the small amounts of phenol contained in it to phenol sodium with Sodium hydroxide solution or the like. Treated and then by distillation in boiler feed water and concentrated phenol sodium hydroxide is separated. According to the invention, in the dephenolation of raw ammonia water was carried out in a similar manner. The phenolic one Water is heated indirectly with the simultaneous addition of sodium hydroxide solution Distillation pot evaporated. It is useful to do this with the hot distillate preheating the treated phenol-containing raw water in a heat exchanger in order to achieve the to heat the distillation gases required, if possible to decrease.

Während des Destillationsvorganges werden die in dem Ammoniakrohwasser enthaltenen fixen Ammoniakverbindungen durch den Zusatz der alkalischen Lösung in Freiheit gesetzt. Das abdestillierte Wasser enthält nur noch flüchtiges Ammoniak und wird in einem einfachen Abtreiber vom Ammoniak befreit. Der sonst bei der Ammoniakgewinnung erforderliche Kalkmilchzusatz kann also vollkommen erspart werden.During the distillation process, the ammonia in the raw water contained fixed ammonia compounds by adding the alkaline solution in Freedom set. The distilled water only contains volatile ammonia and is freed from ammonia in a simple stripper. The one else involved in ammonia production The required addition of milk of lime can therefore be completely spared.

Der in der Blase verbleibende Rückstand besteht aus einer konzentrierten Phenolatlauge, die ein wertvolles Handelsprodukt darstellt. Um eine innige Vermischung des zu entphenolenden Wassers und der Natronlauge in der Blase zu erhalten, erfolgt der Zusatz von Wasser und Lauge zweckmäßig derart, daß die beiden Flüssigkeiten bei ihrem Eintritt in die Blase durcheinandergewirbelt werden. Bei größeren Blasen werden zu diesem Zweck die Zulaufrohre von Wasser und Lösung in verschiedenen Höhen angeordnet, jedoch muß darauf geachtet werden, daß der Flüssigkeitsstand in der Blase nicht unter die Höhe der Zulaufrohre sinkt, damit auf jeden Fall das in die Blase eintretende phenolhaltige Wasser eine genügende Menge Natronlauge vorfindet und nicht ungebundene Phenole mit abdestillieren können. Beispiel looo ccm eines Ammoniakrohwassers mit einem Gesamtammoniakgehalt von 8,419/1 und einem Phenolgehalt von 2,96 g/1 werden unter Zusatz von Zoo ccm -,o0/0iger Natronlauge in einer indirekt dampfbeheizten Destillierblase abdestilliert. Das abdestillierte Wasser weist einen Gesamtammoniakgehalt von 8,3 g/1 auf, wobei sich fixe Ammoniakverbindungen nur noch in Spuren vorfinden. Phenol läßt sich im Destillat quantitativ nicht mehr nachweisen. Der in der Blase verbleibende Rückstand besteht aus dickflüssiger Phenolatlauge, in der das im Ammoniakrohwasser enthaltene Phenol quantitativ und außerdem etwa o,o8 g Ammoniak pro Liter nachzuweisen sind. Der Rückstand enthält außerdem noch geringe Mengen von Natriumsalzen, die aus der Einwirkung der Natronlauge auf die im Rohwasser enthaltenen Verunreinigungen, insbesondere die fixen Ammoniakverbindungen, entstanden sind. Der Ammoniakverlust im Rückstand beträgt daher weniger als 10/0, während die Entphenolung vollkommen quantitativ erfolgt.The residue remaining in the bladder consists of a concentrated phenolate liquor, which is a valuable commercial product. In order to obtain an intimate mixing of the water to be dephenolized and the sodium hydroxide solution in the bladder, the addition of water and lye is expediently carried out in such a way that the two liquids are swirled around as they enter the bladder. In the case of larger bubbles, the inlet pipes for water and solution are arranged at different heights for this purpose, but care must be taken that the liquid level in the bubble does not drop below the height of the inlet pipes, so that the phenol-containing water entering the bubble is definitely a finds a sufficient amount of caustic soda and cannot distill off unbound phenols. Example, 100 cc of raw ammonia water with a total ammonia content of 8.419 / 1 and a phenol content of 2.96 g / 1 are distilled off in an indirectly steam-heated still with the addition of zoo cc. The distilled water has a total ammonia content of 8.3 g / l, with fixed ammonia compounds only being found in traces. Phenol can no longer be detected quantitatively in the distillate. The residue remaining in the bladder consists of viscous phenolate liquor, in which the phenol contained in the raw ammonia water can be detected quantitatively and also about 0.08 g ammonia per liter. The residue also contains small amounts of sodium salts, which have arisen from the action of the sodium hydroxide solution on the impurities contained in the raw water, in particular the fixed ammonia compounds. The ammonia loss in the residue is therefore less than 10/0, while the dephenolation is completely quantitative.

Eine zur Ausführung des geschilderten Verfahrens dienende Vorrichtung ist im folgenden an Hand der Zeichnung, die eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung in vereinfachter Darstellungsweise veranschaulicht, näher beschrieben. Zur Zuführung des phenolhaltigen Wassers dient eine Leitung a, in die ein später näher erläuterter Wärmeaustauscher b eingeschaltet ist. Die Zuführungsleitung a mündet in eine Destillierblase c, der durch eine Leitung d Natronlauge zugeführt werden kann. Die in der üblichen Weise indirekt beheizte Blase c ist mit einer Rektifizierkolonne cl und einem darüber aufgesetzten Dephlegmator c2 versehen, dem das Kühlwasser durch Leitung e zugeführt bzw. von dem es durch Leitung f abgeführt werden kann. Zur Abführung des Destillates dient eine Leitung g, die innerhalb des Wärmeaustauschers b als Heizschlange ausgebildet ist und in eine Vorlage k mündet. Aus dieser wird das niedergeschlagene Destillat durch eine Leitung i abgezogen und einem Ammoniakabtreiber zugeführt. Der Zufluß des phenolhaltigen Wassers und der phenolbindenden Lösung erfolgt kontinuierlich. Der in der Blase c verbleibende Rückstand kann von Zeit zu Zeit durch einen am Boden der Blase angeordneten Stutzen k in ein Lagergefäß abgezogen werden.A device used to carry out the described method is below with reference to the drawing, which is a side view of the device in simplified representation illustrated, described in more detail. For feeding of the phenol-containing water is a line a, in which a later explained in more detail Heat exchanger b is switched on. The feed line a opens into a still c, which can be fed through a line d sodium hydroxide solution. The ones in the usual Way indirectly heated bladder c is with a rectifying column cl and one above attached dephlegmator c2 is provided, to which the cooling water is fed through line e or from which it can be discharged through line f. For discharging the distillate serves a line g, which is formed within the heat exchanger b as a heating coil is and opens into a template k. This becomes the precipitated distillate withdrawn through a line i and fed to an ammonia stripper. The tributary of the phenol-containing water and the phenol-binding solution takes place continuously. The residue remaining in the bubble c can from time to time by one on the bottom the bladder arranged nozzle k can be withdrawn into a storage vessel.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Verfahren, zur Gewinnung von Phenol in Form von Natriumphenolat aus phenolhaltigen Wässern, bei dem diese zwecks Bindung der Phenole mit Natronlauge behandelt und dann in einer indirekt beheizten Destillierblase destilliert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als phenolhaltiges Wasser Ammoniakrohwasser verwendet wird. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Process for the production of phenol in the form of Sodium phenolate from waters containing phenol, in which this is used to bind the phenols treated with sodium hydroxide solution and then distilled in an indirectly heated still characterized in that raw ammonia water is used as the phenol-containing water is used. 2. Vorrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zulaufrohre für das phenolhaltige Ammoniakrohwasser und die Natronlauge in die Destillierblase in der Weise einmünden, daß eine innige Durchmischung beider Flüssigkeiten erfolgt.2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the feed pipes for the phenol-containing ammonia raw water and the sodium hydroxide solution open into the still in such a way that an intimate mixing both liquids takes place.
DESCH90949D 1929-07-14 1929-07-14 Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters Expired DE541148C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH90949D DE541148C (en) 1929-07-14 1929-07-14 Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH90949D DE541148C (en) 1929-07-14 1929-07-14 Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE541148C true DE541148C (en) 1932-01-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DESCH90949D Expired DE541148C (en) 1929-07-14 1929-07-14 Process and device for the production of phenol in the form of sodium phenolate from phenol-containing waters

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