DE491498C - Electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline electrolytes - Google Patents

Electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline electrolytes

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Publication number
DE491498C
DE491498C DEI34869D DEI0034869D DE491498C DE 491498 C DE491498 C DE 491498C DE I34869 D DEI34869 D DE I34869D DE I0034869 D DEI0034869 D DE I0034869D DE 491498 C DE491498 C DE 491498C
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Prior art keywords
electrodes
porous
nickel
collectors
pores
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DEI34869D
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German (de)
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Dr Karl Ackermann
Dr Paul Gmelin
Dr Georg Pfleiderer
Dr Fritz Spoun
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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Priority to DEI34869D priority Critical patent/DE491498C/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/02—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by spraying or projecting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
    • D06F43/002—Spotting apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F87/00—Apparatus for moistening or otherwise conditioning the article to be ironed or pressed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0438—Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
    • H01M4/044—Activating, forming or electrochemical attack of the supporting material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0438—Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
    • H01M4/045—Electrochemical coating; Electrochemical impregnation
    • H01M4/0452—Electrochemical coating; Electrochemical impregnation from solutions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/26—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H01M4/801—Sintered carriers
    • H01M4/803—Sintered carriers of only powdered material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80—Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • H01M4/801—Sintered carriers
    • H01M4/805—Sintered carriers of powdered and fibrous material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

Elektroden für Sekundärelemente, insbesondere solche mit alkalischen Elektrolyten Die Elektroden für Sammler mit alkalischen Elektrolyten vom Typus des Edison Akkumulators werden bisher bekanntlich in höchst umständlicher und teurer Weise durch Einfüllen der aktiven Masse in perforierte Blechtaschen oder -röhren hergestellt, wobei auch noch ein recht hohes totes Gewicht in Kauf genommen werden muß.Electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline ones Electrolytes The electrodes for collectors with alkaline electrolytes of the type Edison accumulators are known to be extremely cumbersome and expensive Way by filling the active material into perforated metal pockets or tubes manufactured, with a fairly high dead weight also being accepted got to.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man Elektroden für Sekundärelemente, insbesondere solche mit alkalischen Elektrolyten, in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch herstellt, daß man die aktive brasse in die Poren eines zusammenhängenden porösen, metallisch leitenden Materials von geeigneter Form, z. B. Platten, Zylinder, Stäbe, einbringt. Besonders große Vorteile bietet diese Art der Elektrodenherstellung für die positiven Nickelelektroden bei Sammlern mit alkalischen Elektrolyten.It has now been found that electrodes for secondary elements, in particular those with alkaline electrolytes, advantageously produced in that the active bream into the pores of a coherent porous, metallic conductive Material of suitable form, e.g. B. plates, cylinders, rods. Particularly This type of electrode production offers great advantages for the positive nickel electrodes for collectors with alkaline electrolytes.

Gemäß der Erfindung kann das poröse Formstück, das Skelett der Elektrode, aus porösem Metall (z. B. Eisen, Nickel) oder aber auch raus porösen, metallisch leitenden Verbindungen bestehen, insbesondere aus Eisenoxyduloxyd, das sich vorzüglich als indifferentes Trägermaterial eignet und vor dem Nickel noch den Vorzug niedrigeren Preises und geringeren Gewichts hat.According to the invention, the porous molding, the skeleton of the electrode, made of porous metal (e.g. iron, nickel) or out of porous, metallic There are conductive compounds, in particular from Eisenoxyduloxyd, which is excellent is suitable as an indifferent carrier material and is preferred to lower ones over nickel Price and weight.

Die Herstellung des porösen Formstückes kann z. B. derart erfolgen, daß man Metall- oder Metalloxydpulver unter geeigneter Formgebung einer Druck- und bzw. oder Wärmebehandlung unterwirft, wobei man vorteilhaft solche Metallpulver benutzt, die aus Metallcarbonylen hergestellt sind, da diese sich durch besonders feine Verteilung und gleichmäßige Korngröße sowie leichtes Zusammensintern auszeichnen. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Formstücke gegen mechanische Beanspruchung sowie die Leitfähigkeit kann man durch ein Gerüst aus gelochtem Blech oder Draht oder sonstige Metalleinlagen erhöhen. Die Eisenoxyduloxydplatten brauchen nicht unmittelbar aus dem Oxyd hergestellt zu sein, sondern man kann z. B. auch so verfahren, daß man ein Gemisch aus fein verteiltem Metall und Metalloxydpulver derart bei erhöhter Temperatur behandelt, daß eine Oxydation des Metalls stattfindet, oder auch so, daß man bereits fertige poröse :Metallstücke oxydierend behandelt.The production of the porous molding can, for. B. be done in such a way that one metal or metal oxide powder with suitable shaping of a pressure and or or subjecting to heat treatment, advantageously such metal powder used, which are made of metal carbonyls, as these are characterized by special fine distribution and uniform grain size as well as easy sintering together. The resistance of the fittings to mechanical stress as well as the Conductivity can be determined through a framework made of perforated sheet metal or wire or other Increase metal inserts. The Eisenoxyduloxydplatten do not need immediately the oxide to be made, but you can z. B. also proceed so that one a mixture of finely divided metal and metal oxide powder such at increased Temperature treated so that an oxidation of the metal takes place, or so, that already finished porous: metal pieces are treated with an oxidizing agent.

Die aktive Masse besteht bei den Sammlern vom Typus des Edison-Akkumulators bekanntlich aus Eisen bzw. Eisenoxyden oder -hydroxyden auf der negativen und Nickeloxyden oder hydroxyden auf der positiven Seite.The active mass in the collectors is of the Edison accumulator type known from iron or iron oxides or hydroxides on the negative and nickel oxides or hydroxydes on the positive side.

Das Einbringen der aktiven Masse in die Poren der porösen Formstücke erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung am einfachsten durch ein- oder mehrmaliges Tränken mit Lösungen von Verbindungen, insbesondere Salzen, der betreffenden Metalle. Bei Wahl passender Metallsalze (z. B. Nitrate) können durch Erhitzen die betreffenden Metalloxvde in den Poren der Elektroden erzeugt werden. Zweckmäßiger ist es jedoch, die Hydroxyde der betreffenden Metalle durch Ausfällung mit alkalischen Lösungen oder durch den alkalischen Elektrolyten selbst in den Poren der Elektroden zu erzeugen. Die bei der Ausfällung entstehenden Salze können durch überschüssiges Fällungsmittel ausgewaschen werden. Verwendet man einfach Wasser zum Auswaschen, so tritt leicht durch osmotische Quellung des Poreninhalts eine Auftreibung der ganzen Elektrode ein. Bei den negativen Platten wird die Porenfüllung anschließend, zweckmäßig auf elektrolytischem Wege, zu Metallschwamm reduziert.The introduction of the active material into the pores of the porous shaped pieces takes place according to the invention most simply by soaking one or more times Solutions of compounds, in particular salts, of the metals in question. At choice matching metal salts (e.g. nitrates) can by heating the concerned metal oxides are generated in the pores of the electrodes. More expedient it is, however, the hydroxides of the metals concerned by precipitation with alkaline Solutions or by the alkaline electrolyte itself in the pores of the electrodes to create. The salts formed during the precipitation can be replaced by excess Precipitants are washed out. If you simply use water to wash it out, Thus, osmotic swelling of the pore contents easily results in a swelling of the whole electrode. In the case of the negative plates, the pore filling is then expediently by electrolytic means, reduced to a metal sponge.

Die aktive Masse kann auch auf beliebige andere Weise in die Poren der Formstücke eingebracht werden, z. B. bei den Eisenoxyduloxydplatten dadurch, daß schon bei der Erzeugung der Platte Nickel- oder Nickeloxydpulver mit einverleibt, z. B. eingesintert, und nachher durch Behandlung mit geeigneten Chemikalien in den Poren in aktive Nickeloxyde umgewandelt wird, beispielsweise durch Auflösung und Wiederausfällen. Auch auf galvanischem Wege kann die aktive Masse, z. B. Nickel, in die Poren eingeführt und gegebenenfalls anschließend oxydiert werden.The active material can also enter the pores in any other desired manner the fittings are introduced, z. B. in the case of Eisenoxyduloxydplatten thereby, that nickel or nickel oxide powder is incorporated in the production of the plate, z. B. sintered, and then by treatment with suitable chemicals in the Pores is converted into active nickel oxides, for example by dissolution and Failures. The active mass, e.g. B. Nickel, introduced into the pores and then optionally oxidized.

Die als aktive Masse der positiven Platte alkalischer Sammler dienenden Nickelverbindungen können auch ganz oder teilweise durch Kobaltverbindungen ersetzt- werden.Serving as the active mass of the positive plate of alkaline collectors Nickel compounds can also be completely or partially replaced by cobalt compounds. will.

. Es ist zwar schon vorgeschlagen worden, poröse Sinterelektroden mit Zusätzen zu versehen, wöbei es sich aber mir um aktivierende Zusätze handelt und nicht um solche, die selbst Träger der Kapazität sind. Demgegenüber beruht die Kapazität der Elektroden vorliegender Erfindung in erster Linie auf den in die Poren eingebrachten Metallverbindungen, wobei daneben noch eine aktivierende Einwirkung derselben auf das Skelett der Platte eintreten kann, so daß also unter Umständen das Plattenskelett einen Teil zur Gesamtkapazität beiträgt.. Porous sintered electrodes have already been proposed to provide with additives, which, however, are activating additives for me and not those who are themselves carriers of capacity. In contrast, the Capacity of the electrodes of the present invention primarily depends on the pores introduced metal compounds, with an activating effect in addition the same can occur on the skeleton of the plate, so that under certain circumstances the plate skeleton contributes part of the total capacity.

Zur Erzielung einer möglichst großen Kapazität ist es zweckmäßig, das Porenvolumen der Elektroden möglichst hoch zu wählen, jedoch ist zu berücksichtigen, daß mit steigender Porosität eine Abnahme der Festigkeit des Elektrodengefüges Hand in Hand geht, was besonders bei den zur Aufblähung neigenden Metallhydroxyden irrerwünscht ist.To achieve the largest possible capacity, it is advisable to the pore volume of the electrodes should be selected as high as possible, but it must be taken into account that with increasing porosity there is a decrease in the strength of the electrode structure goes into hand, which is particularly wrong with the metal hydroxides that tend to swell is.

Die Stromzuführung zu den Platten kann aus dem gleichen Material in zweckmäßig dichterer (höher gesinterter) Form bestehen, sie kann aber auch aus anderen, beispielsweise beim Sintern eingebackenen Leitern, wie Eisen- oder Nickeldrähten, -bändern oder -stäben, oder auch aus um die Platten gepreßten Falzrahmen hergestellt werden. Das geschilderte Verfahren läßt sich auch mit Vorteil auf Bleielektroden für Sammler mit sauren Elektrolyten anwenden, indem man z. B. Platten aus porösem Blei oder Bleilegierungen herstellt und in deren Poren, beispielsweise auf dem Wege über wäßrige Bleinitratlösung, Bleioxyde bzw. Bleischwamm einführt. Beispiel i Eine poröse Nickelsinterplatte wurde finit heiß gesättigter Nickelnitratlösung (im Kristallwasser geschmolzen) z Stunden lang getränkt und im Exsikkator getrocknet. Die Nickelelektrode hatte dabei 132°/o ihres ursprünglichen Gewichtes an Ni(N03)2 - 6 aq aufgenommen. Nach 24stündigem Verweilen in Kalilauge vom spezifischen Gewicht 1,2 wurde die Platte als Elektrode verwendet. Nach einigen Ladungen und Entladungen erwies es sich vorteilhaft, den Elektrolyten zu wechseln, da sich Ammoniak aus dem bei der Ausfällung gebildeten Kaliumnitrat entwickelt hatte. Die Elektrode zeigte eine 11mal größere Kapazität als eine nicht getränkte Elektrode aus der gleichen Nickelsinterplatte, die mir elektrolytisch formiert war.The power supply to the plates can be made of the same material in suitably denser (higher sintered) form, but it can also consist of other, For example, conductors baked in during sintering, such as iron or nickel wires, tapes or rods, or made from folding frames pressed around the panels will. The described method can also be used with advantage on lead electrodes apply for collectors with acidic electrolytes by z. B. plates made of porous Produces lead or lead alloys and in their pores, for example on the way introduces lead oxides or lead sponge via aqueous lead nitrate solution. Example i a Porous sintered nickel plate was finitely hot saturated nickel nitrate solution (in the crystal water melted) soaked for z hours and dried in a desiccator. The nickel electrode had absorbed 132 per cent of its original weight in Ni (N03) 2-6 aq. After staying in potassium hydroxide solution with a specific gravity of 1.2 for 24 hours, the plate became used as an electrode. After a few charges and discharges, it turned out to be advantageous to change the electrolyte, since ammonia is formed from the precipitation Had developed potassium nitrate. The electrode showed a capacity 11 times larger than a non-soaked electrode made from the same nickel sintered plate that mine was electrolytically formed.

Beispiel 2 Eine poröse mit Nickelnitrat getränkte Nickelsinterplatte wurde bis 3oo ° gleichmäßig erwärmt, und zwar bis zur Erreichung der Gewichtskonstanz. Die so mit Nickeloxyden erfüllte Sinterplatte wurde als Elektrode in einem alkalischen Sammler verwendet und zeigte die doppelte Kapazität wie eine nicht getränkte Elektrode aus derselben Nickelsinterplatte.Example 2 A porous sintered nickel plate impregnated with nickel nitrate was heated evenly up to 300 ° until constant weight was reached. The sintered plate thus filled with nickel oxides was used as an electrode in an alkaline Collector used and showed twice the capacity of a non-soaked electrode from the same nickel sintered plate.

Beispiel 3 Eine poröse Fe304-Platte wurde mit Nickelsulfatlösung getränkt und das aufgenommene Nickelsalz in den Poren der Platte durch Alkalilauge als Hydroxyd abgeschieden. Dieser Prozeß wurde npehrfach wiederholt. Schon nach 6 bis 8maligem Tränken und Fällen wurden etwa 250% des ursprünglichen Gewichts der Platte an aktiver Masse eingelagert. Es ergab sich eine Kapazität von über 75% des theoretisch zu erwartenden Wertes.Example 3 A porous Fe304 plate was impregnated with nickel sulfate solution and the nickel salt taken up in the pores of the plate by alkali as hydroxide deposited. This process was repeated several times. Already after 6 to 8 times Soaking and dropping became more active about 250% of the original weight of the panel Mass stored. There was a capacity of over 75% of the theoretical too expected value.

Claims (7)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i, Elektroden für Sekundärelemente, insbesondere solche mit alkalischen Elektrolyten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aktive Masse in die Poren eines zusammenhängenden porösen, metallisch leitenden Materials von geeigneter Form eingebracht ist. PATENT CLAIMS: i, electrodes for secondary elements, in particular those with alkaline electrolytes, characterized in that active mass in the pores of a coherent porous, metallically conductive material of suitable Form is introduced. 2. Elektroden nach Anspruch i für Sammler mit alkalischen Elektrolyten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das poröse Formstück im wesentlichen aus Nickel besteht. 2. Electrodes according to claim i for collectors with alkaline Electrolytes, characterized in that the porous shaped piece consists essentially of Nickel is made. 3. Elektroden nach Anspruch a für Sammler mit alkalischen Elektrolyten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das poröse Formstück im wesentlichen aus Eisenoxyduloxyd besteht. 3. Electrodes according to claim a for collectors with alkaline electrolytes, through this characterized in that the porous molding is substantially consists of iron oxide. 4.. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden nach den Ansprüchen i bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die porösen Formstücke mit Lösungen der Salze der die aktive ;Masse liefernden Metalle getränkt und darauf in den Poren die Oxyde bzw. Hydroxyde, zweckmäßig durch Ausfällen mit Basen, erzeugt werden, worauf sich für negative Platten vorteilhaft eine elektrolytische Reduktion anschließt. 4 .. Process for the production of electrodes according to the Claims i to 3, characterized in that the porous shaped pieces with solutions the salts of the metals providing the active mass and then soaked in the pores the oxides or hydroxides, expediently by precipitation with bases, are generated, whereupon an electrolytic reduction advantageously follows for negative plates. 5. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Nickel schon beim Herstellen des porösen Eisenoxyduloxydformstückes diesem, zweckmäßig als Oxyd- oder Metallpulver, einverleibt und durch nachfolgende chemische oder elektrochemische Behandhcng in aktive Form gebracht wird. 5. A method for producing electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that that nickel is already used in the manufacture of the porous iron oxide molded piece, expediently as oxide or metal powder, incorporated and by subsequent chemical or electrochemical treatment is brought into active form. 6. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Nickel elektrolytisch in das poröse Formstück eingebracht wird. 6. Procedure for Manufacture of electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that nickel is introduced electrolytically into the porous molding. 7. Positive Elektroden für Sammler mit alkalischen Elektrolyten gemäß den Ansprüchen i bis 6; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nickelverbindungen in der aktiven Masse ganz oder teilweise durch Isobaltverbindungen ersetzt sind. B. Elektroden nach Anspruch i für Sammler mit sauren Elektrolyten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aktive Masse in die Poren eines porösen Formstücks aus Blei oder Bleilegierungen, zweckmäßig nach der Arbeitsweise gemäß Anspruch q., eingebracht ist.7. Positive electrodes for collectors with alkaline electrolytes according to claims i to 6; characterized, that the nickel compounds in the active material are wholly or partly by isobalt compounds are replaced. B. electrodes according to claim i for collectors with acidic electrolytes, characterized in that the active mass in the pores of a porous molding made of lead or lead alloys, expediently according to the procedure according to claim q., is introduced.
DEI34869D 1928-07-06 1928-07-06 Electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline electrolytes Expired DE491498C (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE751055C (en) * 1936-10-23 1953-05-11 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Manufacture of electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline electrolyte
DE1028181B (en) * 1954-08-16 1958-04-17 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Process for the production of electrodes intended for alkaline accumulators
DE1101547B (en) * 1959-08-27 1961-03-09 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Process for the production of positive and negative electrodes for accumulators, in particular for accumulators with alkaline electrolytes, which have porous electrode structures
DE1114870B (en) * 1953-03-17 1961-10-12 Accumulateurs Fixes Process for the continuous production of sintered framework electrodes for galvanic elements
DE1119353B (en) * 1956-12-07 1961-12-14 Canadian Patents Dev Process for the production of positive plates for nickel batteries
DE1133442B (en) * 1958-09-03 1962-07-19 Dr Habil Ludwig Kandler Method for filling the pore spaces of metallic or surface-metallized frameworks with metal oxides or metal hydroxides by cathodic polarization, in particular for filling the electrode frameworks of galvanic primary elements or accumulators
DE1149759B (en) * 1961-08-04 1963-06-06 Basf Ag Process for the production of electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE1152732B (en) * 1958-08-20 1963-08-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Process for the production of electrode plates for alkaline batteries
DE976563C (en) * 1952-05-05 1963-11-21 Accumulateurs Fixes Process for making negative plates for electrical alkaline collectors
DE1160044B (en) * 1958-11-19 1963-12-27 Union Carbide Corp Process for the production of curved sintered electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE977069C (en) * 1948-05-04 1965-01-07 Hans Dr H C Vogt Electrode for alkaline batteries
DE1196735B (en) * 1962-04-12 1965-07-15 Basf Ag Process for the production of porous electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE1198880B (en) * 1961-01-17 1965-08-19 Union Carbide Corp Process for the production of positive electrodes for nickel-cadmium batteries
DE1496255B1 (en) * 1962-02-13 1970-07-23 Int Nickel Ltd Process for the continuous production of sintered metallic plates for alkaline accumulators
DE1596089B1 (en) * 1965-04-06 1971-02-04 G Sojuzny Ni Akkumuljatorny I Gas-tight sealed nickel-cadmium accumulator
DE1596023B1 (en) * 1965-11-24 1971-07-15 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc ELECTRODE FOR ACCUMULATOR CELLS WITH A POROUS MAT RIZE MADE OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF CONNECTED HONEYCOMB CELLS
US5478363A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-12-26 Electro Energy, Inc. Method of making electrodes for bipolar electrochemical battery

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE751055C (en) * 1936-10-23 1953-05-11 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Manufacture of electrodes for secondary elements, especially those with alkaline electrolyte
DE977069C (en) * 1948-05-04 1965-01-07 Hans Dr H C Vogt Electrode for alkaline batteries
DE976563C (en) * 1952-05-05 1963-11-21 Accumulateurs Fixes Process for making negative plates for electrical alkaline collectors
DE976906C (en) * 1952-05-05 1964-07-23 Accumulateurs Fixes Process for making negative plates for electrical alkaline collectors
DE1114870B (en) * 1953-03-17 1961-10-12 Accumulateurs Fixes Process for the continuous production of sintered framework electrodes for galvanic elements
DE1028181B (en) * 1954-08-16 1958-04-17 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Process for the production of electrodes intended for alkaline accumulators
DE1119353B (en) * 1956-12-07 1961-12-14 Canadian Patents Dev Process for the production of positive plates for nickel batteries
DE1152732B (en) * 1958-08-20 1963-08-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Process for the production of electrode plates for alkaline batteries
DE1133442B (en) * 1958-09-03 1962-07-19 Dr Habil Ludwig Kandler Method for filling the pore spaces of metallic or surface-metallized frameworks with metal oxides or metal hydroxides by cathodic polarization, in particular for filling the electrode frameworks of galvanic primary elements or accumulators
DE1160044B (en) * 1958-11-19 1963-12-27 Union Carbide Corp Process for the production of curved sintered electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE1101547B (en) * 1959-08-27 1961-03-09 Accumulatoren Fabrik Ag Process for the production of positive and negative electrodes for accumulators, in particular for accumulators with alkaline electrolytes, which have porous electrode structures
DE1198880B (en) * 1961-01-17 1965-08-19 Union Carbide Corp Process for the production of positive electrodes for nickel-cadmium batteries
DE1149759B (en) * 1961-08-04 1963-06-06 Basf Ag Process for the production of electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE1496255B1 (en) * 1962-02-13 1970-07-23 Int Nickel Ltd Process for the continuous production of sintered metallic plates for alkaline accumulators
DE1196735B (en) * 1962-04-12 1965-07-15 Basf Ag Process for the production of porous electrodes for alkaline batteries
DE1596089B1 (en) * 1965-04-06 1971-02-04 G Sojuzny Ni Akkumuljatorny I Gas-tight sealed nickel-cadmium accumulator
DE1596023B1 (en) * 1965-11-24 1971-07-15 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc ELECTRODE FOR ACCUMULATOR CELLS WITH A POROUS MAT RIZE MADE OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF CONNECTED HONEYCOMB CELLS
US5478363A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-12-26 Electro Energy, Inc. Method of making electrodes for bipolar electrochemical battery
US5585142A (en) * 1993-10-08 1996-12-17 Electro Energy, Inc. Method for preparing conductive electrochemically active material

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