DE473826C - Diesel engine with airless injection - Google Patents

Diesel engine with airless injection

Info

Publication number
DE473826C
DE473826C DEM78188D DEM0078188D DE473826C DE 473826 C DE473826 C DE 473826C DE M78188 D DEM78188 D DE M78188D DE M0078188 D DEM0078188 D DE M0078188D DE 473826 C DE473826 C DE 473826C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
injection
piston
diesel engine
fuel
airless injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEM78188D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutz AG filed Critical Deutz AG
Priority to DEM78188D priority Critical patent/DE473826C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE473826C publication Critical patent/DE473826C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0675Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Description

Dieselmaschine mit luftloser Einspritzung Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Dieselmaschine mit luftloser Einspritzung des Brennstoffs in die Zylinderachse. Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Oberfläche des Kolbens nach einer fast den ganzen Kolbenboden einnehmenden Halbkugel gekrümmt, deren Mittelpunkt in der Düsenmündung oder deren unmittelbarer Nähe liegt, und die Kolbenhöhlung ist fast bis zur Begrenzungskante zwischen Zylinder und ebenem Deckel heraufgeführt.Airless Injection Diesel Engine The invention relates to on a diesel engine with airless injection of the fuel into the cylinder axis. According to the invention, the surface of the piston is almost the entire piston crown occupying hemisphere curved, whose center is in the nozzle orifice is in the immediate vicinity, and the piston cavity is almost up to the boundary edge brought up between the cylinder and the flat cover.

Versuche haben bestätigt, daß auf diese Weise gegenüber der bisher bei derartigen 4Iaschinen üblichen flachen Form des Kolbenbodens ein wesenthch günstigerer Brennstoffverbrauch erzielt wird. Die zugrunde liegenden Beobachtungen sind die folgenden: Wird ein reiner Flüssigkeitsstrahl unter hohem Druck in einen gasgefüllten Raum gespritzt, so beginnt an den äußeren Flächen eine Zerstäubung, äußerlich sichtbar durch einen Staubkegel,-- der sich in gewisser Entfernung von der Düse bildet. (Die Zerstäubung gelingt um so schneller und vollkommener, je größer die Reibungswirkung zwischen Luft und Brennstoffstrahl ist.) Die räumliche Bedingung für eine gute Gemischbildung in der Maschine liegt also darin, daß die Brennstoffteilchen bei ihrem Austritt aus -der Düse eine genügend weite Strecke durch die verdichtete, heiße Luft zurücklegen und daß den sich bildenden Nebel-und Dampfteilchen die Möglichkeit der Ausdehnung nach allen Richtungen gegeben wird. Diesen Bedingungen entspricht in günstigster Weise eine Kolbenbodenhöhlung, welche etwa nach einer Halbkugel gebildet ist, deren Mittelpunkt in der Düsenmündung oder unmittelbar in deren Nähe liegt. Das für Dieselmaschinen zur Sicherung der Selbstzündung notwendig hohe Verdichtungsverhältnis führt dann bei richtiger Wahl der Verhältnisse dazu, daß die so gebildete Kolbenhöhlung fast den gesamten Verdichtungsraum in sich schließt und nur nach oben durch den im wesentlichen ebenen Zylinderdeckel abgeschlossen wird.Experiments have confirmed that in this way compared to so far in such machines, the flat shape of the piston crown, which is usual, is much more favorable Fuel consumption is achieved. The underlying observations are the the following: becomes a pure liquid jet under high pressure in a gas-filled one Sprayed into the space, an atomization begins on the outer surfaces, externally visible by a cone of dust - which forms at a certain distance from the nozzle. (The Atomization succeeds faster and more perfectly, the greater the frictional effect between air and fuel jet.) The spatial condition for a good mixture formation What lies in the machine is that the fuel particles are released when they emerge from the nozzle cover a sufficiently long distance through the compressed, hot air and that the mist and vapor particles that form have the possibility of expansion is given in all directions. These conditions correspond in the most favorable Way a piston crown, which is formed approximately after a hemisphere, their Center in the nozzle mouth or in the immediate vicinity thereof. The one for diesel engines then leads to a high compression ratio necessary to ensure the self-ignition if the proportions are chosen correctly, the piston cavity thus formed will be almost includes the entire compression space and only upwards through the essentially flat cylinder cover is completed.

Gehöhlte Kolbenböden, deren Gestalt sich der durch die Erfindung gekennzeichneten nähert, sind für Dieselmaschinen, welche den Brennstoff mit Hilfe von Preßluft einspritzen, bereits bekannt.Hollowed piston heads, the shape of which is that characterized by the invention are for diesel engines, which inject the fuel with the help of compressed air, already known.

Bei diesen Maschinen wird durch die Höhlung des Kolbenbodens jedoch ein völlig anderer Zweck angestrebt, als ihn die Erfindung, die sich auf Maschinen mit luftloser Einspritzung bezieht, bezweckt.In these machines, however, the piston head is hollowed out A completely different purpose was sought than his invention, which was based on machines with airless injection is intended.

Die Güte der Gemischbildung hängt, wie oben aufgeführt, bei Maschinen mit luftloser Einspritzung im wesentlichen von der Gestaltung des Brennraumes ab, da man erfahrungsgemäß mit anderen Mitteln (Brennstoffpressung, Nadelform, Neigung und Zahl der Ausspritzstellen) nur im geringen Maße die Gemischbildung beeinflussen kann. Dagegen stehen in Dieselmaschinen, welche den Brennstoff mit Hilfe von Preßluft einführen, wirkungsvolle Hilfsmittel zur Verfügung, durch welche die Gemischbildung in die gewollten Bahnen gelenkt wird. Diese Mittel sind: Gestalt der Zerstäuberteile, der Düsen und der Nadel, Nockenform, Einblasedruck. Ganz besonders ist es die hohe Spannung der Einblaseluft, welche sofort beim Austritt aus der Düse den Brennstoff in feinsten Nebeltröpfchen zerreißt und ihn unter starker Wirbelbildung über den gesamten Brennraum hin rasch verteilt. Hierbei ist es unwesentlich, welche Gestalt er aufweist. Führte man also bei diesen letzten Maschinen gehöhlte Kolben aus, so geschah dies nicht aus Gründen der Gemischverbesserung, sondern aus Festigkeits- und Kühlungsrücksichten. Insbesondere findet man eine tief ausgehöhlte Kolbenform bei Kolbenflüssigkeitskühlung.As mentioned above, the quality of the mixture formation depends on machines with airless injection essentially depends on the design of the combustion chamber, since experience has shown that other means (fuel pressure, needle shape, inclination and number of injection points) affect the mixture formation only to a small extent can. On the other hand stand in diesel engines, which the fuel with the help of compressed air introduce, effective tools available, by which the mixture formation is steered into the desired paths. These means are: shape the atomizer parts, the nozzles and the needle, cam shape, injection pressure. Most notably it is the high tension of the air that is blown into the air immediately when it emerges from the nozzle tears the fuel into the finest droplets of mist and creates a strong vortex Quickly distributed over the entire combustion chamber. It does not matter which one Shape he has. So you used hollow pistons on these last machines out, this was not done for reasons of mixture improvement, but for strength and cooling considerations. In particular, there is a deeply hollowed-out piston shape with piston liquid cooling.

Der Zweck der tiefen Höhlung bei Maschinen mit PreBlufteinspritzung war also ein anderer als der, der durch die Erfindung erstrebt wird. Infolgedessen wird auch eine neue, und zwar b,eddutsame Wirkung erraic ht. Diese besteht darin, daB trotz Verzicht auf die teure Preßlufteinspritzung oder andere verwickelte Finspritzvonichtungen tadellbse Gemischbildung bei allen Belastungsstufen erzielt wird.The purpose of the deep cavity in machines with compressed air injection was therefore different from the one that the invention strives for. Consequently A new, and indeed a, eddutsame effect is also achieved. This consists in that despite the waiver of the expensive compressed air injection or other intricate fine injection devices Perfect mixture formation is achieved at all load levels.

Die Abbildung zeigt den Gegenstand der Erfindung. A stellt den Kolben, B die Brennstoffeinspritzdüse,- C die Brennstoffpumpe dar. Der Kolbenboden ist nach einer Halbkugel gekrümmt, deren Mittelpunkt, wie angedeutet, unmittelbar unter der Düseneinspritzöffnung liegt.The figure shows the subject of the invention. A represents the piston, B the fuel injection nozzle, - C the fuel pump. The piston crown is curved in the shape of a hemisphere, the center of which, as indicated, lies directly below the nozzle injection opening.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Dieselmaschine mit luftloser Einspritzung des Brennstoffes in der Richtung der Zylinderachse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche des Kolbens nach einer fast den ganzen Kolbenboden einnehmenden Halbkugel gekrümmt ist, deren Mittelpunkt in der Ausspritzstelle der Düse oder in deren unmittelbarer Nähe liegt, und daB die Kolbenhöhlung fast bis zur Begrenzungskante zwischen Zylinder und ebenem Deckel heraufgeführt ist. PATENT CLAIM: Diesel engine with airless injection of the fuel in the direction of the cylinder axis, characterized in that the surface of the piston is curved according to a hemisphere which occupies almost the entire piston crown, the center of which lies in the injection point of the nozzle or in its immediate vicinity, and that the The piston cavity is brought up almost to the edge between the cylinder and the flat cover.
DEM78188D 1922-06-23 1922-06-23 Diesel engine with airless injection Expired DE473826C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM78188D DE473826C (en) 1922-06-23 1922-06-23 Diesel engine with airless injection

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM78188D DE473826C (en) 1922-06-23 1922-06-23 Diesel engine with airless injection

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE473826C true DE473826C (en) 1929-03-22

Family

ID=7317998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEM78188D Expired DE473826C (en) 1922-06-23 1922-06-23 Diesel engine with airless injection

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE473826C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749607C (en) * 1937-11-09 1944-11-27 High-speed vehicle diesel engine with a combustion chamber in the piston

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749607C (en) * 1937-11-09 1944-11-27 High-speed vehicle diesel engine with a combustion chamber in the piston

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