DE4445184B4 - Method for connecting two parts by active soldering - Google Patents
Method for connecting two parts by active soldering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE4445184B4 DE4445184B4 DE19944445184 DE4445184A DE4445184B4 DE 4445184 B4 DE4445184 B4 DE 4445184B4 DE 19944445184 DE19944445184 DE 19944445184 DE 4445184 A DE4445184 A DE 4445184A DE 4445184 B4 DE4445184 B4 DE 4445184B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrically conductive
- parts
- active soldering
- soldering
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
- C04B37/006—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts consisting of metals or metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/125—Metallic interlayers based on noble metals, e.g. silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
- C04B2237/127—The active component for bonding being a refractory metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/34—Oxidic
- C04B2237/343—Alumina or aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/405—Iron metal group, e.g. Co or Ni
- C04B2237/406—Iron, e.g. steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
- C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Teile, von denen zumindest eines elektrisch leitfähig ist und aus elektrisch leitfähiger Keramik besteht, durch Aktivlöten, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, daß das Aktivlöten durch induktive Erwärmung des elektrisch leitfähigen Teils bzw. der elektrisch leitfähigen Teile und Druckeinwirkung unter Schutzgas erfolgt.method for connecting two parts, at least one of which electrically conductive is and is more electrically conductive Ceramic is, by active soldering, characterized indicates that the active soldering by inductive heating of the electrically conductive Part or the electrically conductive Parts and pressure under protective gas takes place.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum stoffschlüssigen Verbinden zweier Teile, von denen zumindest eines elektrisch leitfähig ist und vorzugsweise aus elektrisch leitfähiger Keramik besteht, durch das sogenannte Aktivlöten.The The invention relates to a method for materially joining two parts, of which at least one is electrically conductive and preferably made electrically conductive Ceramic exists, by the so-called active soldering.
Zur
Verbindung von Keramikteilen untereinander durch Löten sind
zwei grundsätzliche
Verfahren bekannt. Zum einen werden beide zu verbindende Flächen mit
einer Schicht aus Molybdän
und Mangan oder mit Wolfram metallisiert und dann in einem Ofen
unter Hinzufügung
einer Hartlotfolie gelötet. Zum
anderen ist das sogenannte Aktivlöten bekannt, bei dem ein Lot,
das sogenannte Aktivmetalle, wie Titan, Zirkon, Lithium, Beryllium
und Magnesium enthält,
unter Druck- und Temperatureinwirkung eine direkte stoffschlüssige Verbindung
mit Keramik eingeht (
Das
an zweiter Stelle genannte Verfahren erfordert die Durchführung des
Lötvorganges
im Vakuum ggf. noch unter Anwesenheit umweltschädlicher, aus ihren Verbindungen
freigesetzter Halogene (
Schließlich ist das induktive Löten zur Verbindung von Metallteilen bekannt. Beim Verbinden von Metall und Keramik muß die Wärme aus dem induktiv erhitzten Metallteil auf das Lot und schließlich das Keramikteil durch Wärmeleitung übertragen werden, was naturgemäß zu thermisch induzierten Spannungen an der Verbindungsstelle führt sowie das Verfahren zeitaufwendig macht.Finally is inductive soldering known for the connection of metal parts. When connecting metal and ceramics must Heat off the inductively heated metal part on the solder and finally the Transfer ceramic part by heat conduction which is naturally too thermal induced voltages at the junction leads as well as the Time consuming process makes.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, zwei Teile, von denen zumindest eines elektrisch leitfähig ist und vorzugsweise aus elektrisch leitfähiger Keramik besteht, in technologisch einfacher Weise und unabhängig von einem aufwendigen und ortsfesten Vakuumofen zu verbinden.Of the Invention is based on the object, two parts, of which at least one electrically conductive is and is preferably made of electrically conductive ceramic in technologically simpler Way and independent from a complex and stationary vacuum oven to connect.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe unter Anwendung des Aktivlötens durch das in den Patentansprüchen beschriebene Verfahren gelöst.According to the invention this Task using the active soldering by that described in the claims Procedure solved.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist gegenüber dem Stand der Technik eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen auf:
- – Es ist als mobiles Verfahren ohne das Erfordernis eines Vakuumofens "vor Ort" anwendbar.
- – Die kurzen Prozeßzeiten mindern ebenso wie die Schutzgasspülung die Gefahr einer Oxidation des Aktivlots.
- – Es lassen sich Lotmaterialien einsetzen, die im Vakuumofen ganz oder fraktioniert abdampfen würden.
- – Aus der Entbehrlichkeit eines Vakuumofens, der geringen Anzahl technologischer Schritte sowie den geringen Prozeßzeiten resultieren wirtschaftliche Vorteile infolge geringerer Kosten.
- – Im bevorzugten Anwendungsfall der Erfindung bei elektrisch leitender Keramik, wie Aluminiumoxid-Titancarbid-Dispersionskeramik (ATC-Keramik) lassen sich zum einen Verbundkörper mit beliebigen anderen Materialien herstellen, sofern diese nur ausreichend wärmefest sind. Zum anderen ist die Herstellung größerer und/oder komplizierter Strukturen auch aus durchgehend elektrisch leitfähiger Keramik möglich, ohne daß eine teure Bearbeitung mittels Diamantschleifen erforderlich ist.
- It is applicable as a mobile method without the need for a "local" vacuum oven.
- - The short process times as well as the inert gas purge reduce the risk of oxidation of the active solder.
- - It can be used solder materials that would evaporate completely or fractionally in a vacuum oven.
- - The dispensability of a vacuum furnace, the small number of technological steps and the low process times result in economic benefits due to lower costs.
- - In the preferred application of the invention in electrically conductive ceramics, such as alumina-titanium carbide dispersion ceramic (ATC ceramic) can be made on the one hand composite body with any other materials, provided that they are only sufficiently heat-resistant. On the other hand, the production of larger and / or complicated structures is also possible from continuously electrically conductive ceramic, without the need for expensive processing by means of diamond grinding is required.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend durch drei Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben, die sich im wesentlichen nur in der Art der Materialpaarung unterscheiden. Die beigefügte Zeichnung stellt das Verfahrensprinzip schematisch an der stirnseitigen Verbindung zweier zylindrischer Teile dar.The Invention will be described in more detail below by means of three exemplary embodiments, which differ essentially only in the type of material pairing. The enclosed Drawing shows the principle of the method schematically at the front Connection of two cylindrical parts.
Zwischen den beiden Fügepartnern aus ATC-Keramik befindet sich eine 0,3 mm dicke Folie aus Ag-Cu-Ti-Aktivlot. Die Fügepartner werden mit einem Druck von 0,02 MPa zusammengedrückt und in der Induktorspule, deren Windungen eine Höhe von 50 mm und einen gleichmäßigen Abstand von 2 mm von den Fügepartnern haben, wird ein Hochfrequenzfeld mit einer Frequenz von 200 kHz und einer Leistung von 2,5 kW erzeugt. Die Einschaltdauer beträgt 300 s. Mit einer Vor- und Nachlaufdauer von je 300 s wird direkt an der Füge-Ebene Argon angeblasen, welches die Fügestelle während der Prozeßdauer in einen andauernden Gasstrom einhüllt. Die Lötstelle erreicht eine Festigkeit in der Größenordnung von 200 MPa, wobei thermisch induzierte Spannungen vermieden werden konnten.Between the two joining partners made of ATC ceramic is a 0.3 mm thick film of Ag-Cu-Ti active solder. The joining partners are compressed with a pressure of 0.02 MPa and in the inductor coil, whose turns have a height of 50 mm and a uniform distance of 2 mm from the joining partners have a high frequency field with a frequency of 200 kHz and a power of 2.5 kW generated. The duty cycle is 300 s. With a pre- and post-run duration of 300 s each is directly at the Add level Argon blown, which is the joint while the process duration wrapped in a continuous gas stream. The soldering point reaches a strength in the order of 200 MPa, avoiding thermally induced voltages could.
Bei den weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Fügepartner ATC-Keramik und Stahl sowie ATC-Keramik und Aluminiumoxidkeramik. Im erstgenannten Fall ergibt sich wegen der unterschiedlichen Leitfähigkeiten eine stark unterschiedliche Erwärmung der Fügepartner; im zweiten Fall entsteht nur im leitfähigen Fügepartner Wärme, die durch Wärmeleitung mit einer Einschaltdauer von ≥ 10 min auf den anderen übertragen werden muß. Daraus ergeben sich als vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel abweichende Verfahrensparameter: Paarung ATC-Keramik/Stahl: Hier ist eine geringere Leistung ( < 2 kW) und eine geringere Einschaltdauer (< 100 s) erforderlich.at the other embodiments are the joining partners ATC ceramics and steel as well as ATC ceramics and alumina ceramics. In the former case arises because of the different conductivities a very different warming the joining partner; in the second case, heat is generated only in the conductive joining partner, by heat conduction with a duty cycle of ≥ 10 transferred to the other min must become. This results in deviating from the first embodiment Process parameters: pairing ATC ceramic / steel: Here is a smaller one Performance (<2 kW) and a lower duty cycle (<100 s).
Paarung ATC-Keramik/Al2O3-Keramik: Hier sind aus den oben erwähnten Gründen (Wärmetransport durch Wärmeleitung) die gleichfalls erwähnten höheren Leistungen und die längere Einschaltdauer erforderlich.Pairing of ATC ceramic / Al 2 O 3 ceramic: For the reasons mentioned above (heat transfer by heat conduction), the higher power levels and the longer duty cycle mentioned above are required here.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19944445184 DE4445184B4 (en) | 1994-12-17 | 1994-12-17 | Method for connecting two parts by active soldering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19944445184 DE4445184B4 (en) | 1994-12-17 | 1994-12-17 | Method for connecting two parts by active soldering |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4445184A1 DE4445184A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
DE4445184B4 true DE4445184B4 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
Family
ID=6536195
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19944445184 Expired - Fee Related DE4445184B4 (en) | 1994-12-17 | 1994-12-17 | Method for connecting two parts by active soldering |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3045252A1 (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-20 | Elmotec AG | Inductive soldering method and device |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19638287A1 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-04-02 | Gerling Automation Gmbh | Method of attaching teeth to circular saw blade blanks |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2418106A1 (en) * | 1974-04-13 | 1975-11-06 | Siemens Ag | Dry soldering metal foils to ceramic substrates - using flexible carbon felt pressure bolster to ensure uniform surface contact |
DE2555157A1 (en) * | 1974-12-13 | 1976-06-24 | C E R C A Companie Pour L Etud | PROCESS FOR JOINING WORK PIECES |
DE3914332A1 (en) * | 1989-04-29 | 1990-11-08 | Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag | CONNECTION OF PARTS FROM CERAMIC AND METAL MATERIAL |
-
1994
- 1994-12-17 DE DE19944445184 patent/DE4445184B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2418106A1 (en) * | 1974-04-13 | 1975-11-06 | Siemens Ag | Dry soldering metal foils to ceramic substrates - using flexible carbon felt pressure bolster to ensure uniform surface contact |
DE2555157A1 (en) * | 1974-12-13 | 1976-06-24 | C E R C A Companie Pour L Etud | PROCESS FOR JOINING WORK PIECES |
DE3914332A1 (en) * | 1989-04-29 | 1990-11-08 | Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag | CONNECTION OF PARTS FROM CERAMIC AND METAL MATERIAL |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3045252A1 (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-20 | Elmotec AG | Inductive soldering method and device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4445184A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
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8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8320 | Willingness to grant licenses declared (paragraph 23) | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANG, DE |
|
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20110701 |