DE4423642C1 - Vehicle chassis frame assembly - Google Patents
Vehicle chassis frame assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- DE4423642C1 DE4423642C1 DE4423642A DE4423642A DE4423642C1 DE 4423642 C1 DE4423642 C1 DE 4423642C1 DE 4423642 A DE4423642 A DE 4423642A DE 4423642 A DE4423642 A DE 4423642A DE 4423642 C1 DE4423642 C1 DE 4423642C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- support frame
- profile parts
- frame according
- frame profile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
- B62D29/041—Understructures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
- B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
- B29C66/5244—Joining profiled elements for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making window frames or Y-shaped pieces
- B29C66/52441—Joining profiled elements for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making window frames or Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/462—Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/465—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheets, powders of fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/74—Moulding material on a relatively small portion of the preformed part, e.g. outsert moulding
- B29C70/76—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part
- B29C70/766—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part on the end part of a tubular article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/84—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D23/00—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions
- B62D23/005—Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions with integrated chassis in the whole shell, e.g. meshwork, tubes, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
- B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
- B62D27/023—Assembly of structural joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
- B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2277/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as reinforcement
- B29K2277/10—Aromatic polyamides [Polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2309/08—Glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Tragrahmen in Gerüstbauweise insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeug, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentan spruchs 1.The invention relates to a support frame in scaffolding especially for motor vehicles, according to the preamble of the patent saying 1.
Kraftfahrzeugrahmen in Gerüstbauweise werden im allgemeinen aus vorge fertigten Metallprofilen hergestellt, die an den Knotenstellen mitein ander verschweißt werden. Nachteilig an einer solchen Bauart ist zum einen das - selbst bei Verwendung von Leichtmetallprofilen - immer noch hohe Eigengewicht und zum anderen die relativ niedrige Ferti gungsgenauigkeit, deren Ursache in dem schweißbedingten Metallverzug im Bereich der Knotenstellen liegt.Motor vehicle frames in scaffolding are generally from made metal profiles that are at the nodes other welded. A disadvantage of such a type is that always - even when using light metal profiles still high weight and secondly the relatively low ferti accuracy, the cause of which is the sweat-related metal distortion lies in the area of the nodes.
Um die überlegenen Festigkeits- und Leichtbaueigenschaften von Faser verbundwerkstoffen zu nutzen, ist es ferner bekannt, den Fachwerkrah men eines Hubschrauber-Cockpits in der Weise herzustellen, daß die einzelnen Rahmenprofilteile zunächst getrennt voneinander aus Faser verbundwerkstoff ausgeformt und konsolidiert und dann über formsteife, metallische Knotenstücke zum fertigen Fachwerkrahmen zusammengefügt werden. Auch bei dieser Bauweise ergeben sich jedoch unerwünscht hohe Fertigungstoleranzen, und vor allem kommt es im Anschlußbereich zwi schen Faserverbundprofilen und Knotenstücken zu übermäßigen örtlichen Spannungskonzentrationen, die durch aufwendige Gegenmaßnahmen, etwa örtlich eingefügte Verstärkungslagen in der Faserstruktur, abgebaut werden müssen.The superior strength and lightweight properties of fiber to use composite materials, it is also known to the Fachwerkrah of a helicopter cockpit in such a way that the individual frame profile parts initially separated from each other from fiber composite material shaped and consolidated and then over rigid, metallic knot pieces put together to the finished framework become. However, this design also results in undesirably high levels Manufacturing tolerances, and especially in the connection area between fiber composite profiles and node pieces to excessive local Stress concentrations caused by complex countermeasures, such as locally inserted reinforcement layers in the fiber structure, broken down Need to become.
Weiterhin ist aus der DE 38 26 636 C2 ein Cockpit-Rahmen in Gerüst bauweise bekannt, bei dem sämtliche Rahmenprofilteile und Knotenstel len je einer Cockpit-Hälfte gemeinsam als monolithische Faserverbund struktur aus entsprechenden Faserlagen-Zuschnitten in einem einzigen Formwerkzeug ausgeformt und ausgehärtet werden. Eine solche Bauweise bringt zwar eine große Fertigungsgenauigkeit und Gewichtsersparnis, erfordert aber einen hohen Fertigungsmittel- und manuellen Arbeitsauf wand und genügt zudem wegen der fehlenden interlaminaren Faserbindung, gerade auch im kritischen Knotenstellenbereich und an der Nahtstelle zwischen den Cockpit-Hälften, nicht der Forderung nach einer hinsicht lich des Faserverlaufs lastgerecht gestalteten Faserverbundstruktur.Furthermore, a cockpit frame is in scaffold from DE 38 26 636 C2 known construction, in which all frame profile parts and nodes len a cockpit half together as a monolithic fiber composite structure from appropriate fiber layer blanks in one Forming tool are molded and cured. Such a construction brings great manufacturing accuracy and weight savings, but requires a high manufacturing resources and manual work wall and is also sufficient because of the lack of interlaminar fiber binding, especially in the critical node area and at the interface between the cockpit halves, not asking for a view The fiber composite structure is designed to match the fiber orientation.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Fachwerk-Tragrahmen der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der auf großseriengerechte, fertigungsmäßig einfache und kostengünstige Weise als integrale Rahmenstruktur mit ei nem vor allem im Knotenstellenbereich lastgerechten Faserverlauf her zustellen ist.The object of the invention is a truss support frame at the beginning to create the type mentioned, on a large-scale, manufacturing simple and inexpensive way as an integral frame structure with egg nem, especially in the area of the knots, in line with the load is to be delivered.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den im Patentanspruch 1 ge kennzeichneten Tragrahmen gelöst.This object is achieved by the ge in claim 1 marked support frame released.
Erfindungsgemäß wird durch die bauliche Gestaltung und fertigungstech nische Unterteilung der Rahmenstruktur in separat vorgefertigte, last- und herstellungsmäßig unkomplizierte Rahmenprofilteile einerseits und Faserverbund-Knotenstücke andererseits, die als textile Faservorform linge mit einem dem räumlichen Kräfteverlauf im Knotenbereich entspre chend dreidimensionalen Faserverlauf mechanisiert gefertigt und dann jeweils einzeln in einem den Faservorformling und die zugehörigen Rah menprofilteile umschließenden und lagegenau fixierenden Formwerkzeug konsolidiert werden, eine integrale Spaceframe-Struktur erhalten, die ein ausgezeichnetes Steifigkeits- und Festigkeitsverhalten sowie ein niedriges Eigengewicht besitzt und mit geringem Fertigungsmittelauf wand und hoher Formgenauigkeit weitgehend automatisierbar und dement sprechend kostengünstig in Großserie herzustellen ist.According to the structural design and manufacturing technology African subdivision of the frame structure into separately prefabricated, load and manufacturing uncomplicated frame profile parts on the one hand and Fiber composite knot pieces, on the other hand, are used as textile fiber preforms with a spatial force curve in the node area machined three-dimensional fiber course and then each individually in a the fiber preform and the associated Rah Form profile enclosing the menprofile parts and fixing them precisely be consolidated, get an integral spaceframe structure that excellent stiffness and strength behavior as well as a has its own low weight and low manufacturing resources wall and high dimensional accuracy largely automatable and demented can be mass-produced economically.
Im Hinblick auf eine weitere Erhöhung der konstruktiven Festigkeit der Faserverbund-Knotenstücke sind diese gemäß Anspruch 2 vorzugsweise mit zwischen den Aufnahmetaschen für die Rahmenprofilteile verlaufenden Versteifungsstegen versehen. With a view to further increasing the structural strength of the Fiber composite knot pieces are preferably according to claim 2 between the receiving pockets for the frame profile parts Stiffening bars provided.
Eine besonders einfache, mechanisierte Fertigung der Faservorformlinge wird gemäß Anspruch 2 zweckmäßigerweise dadurch erzielt, daß diese als textile Fasergeflechte oder -gestricke ausgebildet und, wie gemäß An spruch 4 bevorzugt, mit industriellen Textilmaschinen gefertigt sind.A particularly simple, mechanized production of the fiber preforms is advantageously achieved according to claim 2 in that this as textile fiber braids or knitted fabrics formed and, as per An saying 4 preferred, are made with industrial textile machines.
Zusätzlich zu den räumlich dreidimensional verlaufenden Faseranteilen können den Faservorformlingen gemäß Anspruch 5 auch unidirektionale Faseran teile zugemischt sein, um so die Faserverbund-Knotenstücke an Normal- und Biegekraftkomponenten, die von den Rahmenprofilteilen in den Kno tenbereich eingeleitet werden, lastoptimal anzupassen.In addition to the three-dimensional fiber components the fiber preforms according to claim 5 also unidirectional fibers parts to be mixed in order to connect the fiber composite and bending force components from the frame profile parts in the kno be initiated to adjust the load optimally.
Eine besonders innige, hochlastfeste Bindung zwischen den Faserver bund-Knotenstücken und den zugehörigen Rahmenprofilteilen wird gemäß Anspruch 6 vorzugsweise dadurch bewirkt, daß die Faservorformlinge und die Rahmenprofilteile beim Konsolidieren zusätzlich zur Klebever bindung mit einem Formschluß im Bereich der Aufnahmetaschen versehen sind.A particularly intimate, high-load-resistant bond between the fibers bund knot pieces and the associated frame profile parts is according to Claim 6 preferably causes that the fiber preforms and the frame profile parts when consolidating in addition to the adhesive Binding with a form fit in the area of the receiving pockets are.
Als Verstärkungsfasern für die Faservorformlinge werden je nach den Steifigkeits- und Festigkeitsanforderungen des Tragrahmens gemäß An spruch 7 zweckmäßigerweise Glas-, Carbon- oder Aramid-Fasern oder Mi schungen aus diesen gewählt.As reinforcing fibers for the fiber preforms, depending on the Stiffness and strength requirements of the support frame according to An Proof 7 expediently glass, carbon or aramid fibers or Mi selected from these.
In weiterer, besonders bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthal ten die Faservorformlinge gemäß Anspruch 8 als Matrix thermoplastische Faseranteile, wodurch eine gleichförmige, selbsttätige Benetzung der Verstärkungsfasern mit der Faserverbundmatrix unter Wärmeeinwirkung im Formwerkzeug ohne umständliches Vorimprägnieren gewährleistet und die Konsolidierungszeiten wesentlich verkürzt werden.In a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention contain ten the fiber preforms according to claim 8 as a matrix thermoplastic Fiber components, which ensures a uniform, automatic wetting of the Reinforcing fibers with the fiber composite matrix under the influence of heat guaranteed in the mold without cumbersome pre-impregnation and the consolidation times are significantly reduced.
Gemäß Anspruch 9 schließlich empfiehlt es sich, die Rahmenprofilteile ebenfalls aus Faserverbundwerkstoff vorzufertigen, und zwar aus Grün den einer hohen konstruktiven Steifigkeit und Festigkeit nach Anspruch 10 vorzugsweise als Faserverbund-Hohlprofilteile.Finally, according to claim 9, it is recommended that the frame profile parts also prefabricated from fiber composite material, namely from green a high structural rigidity and strength according to claim 10 preferably as fiber composite hollow profile parts.
Die Erfindung wird nunmehr anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Ver bindung mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen in stark sche matisierter Darstellung: The invention is now based on an embodiment in Ver binding explained in more detail with the drawings. It show in strong matised representation:
Fig. 1 einen Faserverbund-Kraftfahrzeugrahmen in der Aufsicht; . Figure 1 shows a composite fiber-vehicle frame in the plan view;
Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines textilen Faser vorformlings für eine der Rahmen-Knotenstellen der Fig. 1 im mechanisiert vorgefertigten, trockenen Zustand; FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a textile fiber preform for one of the frame nodes of FIG. 1 in the mechanically prefabricated, dry state;
Fig. 3 den Faservorformling gemäß Fig. 2 mit den zugehörigen Rahmenprofilteilen in einem Formwerkzeug während der Konsolidierungsphase; und FIG. 3 shows the fiber preform according to Fig 2 with the associated frame profile parts in a mold during the consolidation phase. and
Fig. 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung der fertiggestellten Tragrahmen-Knotenstelle mit den zugehörigen, nur im Knotenanschlußbereich gezeigten Rahmenprofilteilen. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the completed support frame node with the associated frame profile parts shown only in the node connection area.
Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Kraftfahrzeug-Tragrahmen 2 ist aus einzelnen, getrennt voneinander vorgefertigten Rahmenprofilteilen 4 zusammenge setzt, die jeweils als Faserverbund-Profilstücke mit einem beispiels weise rechteckigen Hohlprofilquerschnitt ausgebildet und im konsoli dierten bzw. ausgehärteten Zustand jeweils über Knotenstücke 6, welche ebenfalls aus Faserverbundwerkstoff bestehen, fachwerkartig zu einer integralen Rahmenstruktur verbunden sind.The motor vehicle support frame 2 shown in Fig. 1 is composed of individual, separately prefabricated frame profile parts 4 , each formed as a fiber composite profile pieces with an example rectangular hollow profile cross-section and in the consolidated or hardened state each via node pieces 6 , which also consist of fiber composite material, are truss-like connected to an integral frame structure.
Die Fertigung der Knotenstücke 6 und ihre Anbindung an die zugehörigen Rahmenprofilteile 4 wird im einzelnen für das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Kno tenstück 6A anhand der Fig. 2 bis 4 erläutert. Zunächst wird im Wege eines mechanisierten Fertigungsprozesses aus geeigneten Verstärkungs fasern, etwa Glas-, Carbon- oder Aramidfasern, ein textiler Faservor formling 8 (Fig. 2) in Form eines Fasergeflechtes oder -gestrickes hergestellt, dessen Faserstruktur der Geometrie des fertigen Knoten elements entspricht und dessen Faserorientierung während des textilen Fertigungsprozesses in Übereinstimmung mit dem Kräfteverlauf des Kno tenstücks 6A im fertiggestellten Tragrahmen gewählt wird. Dementsprechend besitzt der Faservorformling 8 aus Gründen einer last optimalen Steifigkeit und Festigkeit eine dreidimensionale Faser orientierung mit schrägverlaufenden, sich z. B. unter 90° kreuzenden Faseranteilen zur Schubkraftübertragung, denen unidirektionale Faser anteile zugemischt sind, welche die Normalkraftbelastungen des Knoten stücks 6A im fertigen Tragrahmen 2 übernehmen. Zwischen die Verstär kungsfasern sind in gleichförmiger Verteilung thermoplastische Fasern eingeflochten oder eingestrickt, die bei der späteren Konsolidierung des Knotenelements 6A die Faserverbundmatrix bilden. Der Faservorform ling 8 ist mit Aufnahmetaschen 10, in die die zugehörigen Rahmenpro filteile 4 etwa mit Hilfe eines Handhabungsroboters eingesetzt werden, und mit sich stegartig zwischen den Aufnahmetaschen 10 erstreckenden Wandabschnitten 12 versehen.The manufacture of the node pieces 6 and their connection to the associated frame profile parts 4 is explained in detail for the node piece 6 A shown in FIG. 1 with reference to FIGS . 2 to 4. First, by means of a mechanized manufacturing process from suitable reinforcing fibers, such as glass, carbon or aramid fibers, a textile fiber preform 8 ( FIG. 2) is produced in the form of a fiber mesh or knitted fabric, the fiber structure of which corresponds to the geometry of the finished knot element and whose fiber orientation is chosen during the textile manufacturing process in accordance with the force profile of the knot ten piece 6 A in the finished support frame. Accordingly, the fiber preform 8 has a three-dimensional fiber orientation with inclined, z. B. at 90 ° crossing fiber portions for shear force transmission, the unidirectional fiber portions are mixed, which take over the normal force loads of the node piece 6 A in the finished support frame 2 . Between the reinforcing fibers, thermoplastic fibers are woven or knitted in a uniform distribution, which form the fiber composite matrix during the subsequent consolidation of the node element 6 A. The fiber preform ling 8 is provided with receiving pockets 10 , into which the associated frame parts 4 are used, for example, with the aid of a handling robot, and provided with wall sections 12 extending in a web-like manner between the receiving pockets 10 .
Nach dem Einsetzen der Rahmenprofilteile 4 in die Aufnahmetaschen 10 erfolgt die Konsolidierung des Faservorformlings 8 und dessen integra le Verbindung mit den vorgefertigten Rahmenprofilteilen 4 in einem einzigen Fertigungsschritt mit Hilfe des in Fig. 3 gezeigten, zweitei ligen Formwerkzeugs 14, in welchem die Rahmenprofilteile 4 im Bereich ihrer knotenseitigen Endabschnitte lagegenau fixiert und der Faservor formling 8 unter der Druck- und Wärmeeinwirkung des Formwerkzeugs 14 zu einer sich integral mit den Rahmenprofilteilen 4 verbindenden Fa serverbundstruktur verdichtet und konsolidiert wird, wobei die thermo plastischen Faseranteile im Faservorformling 8 infolge der Temperatur einwirkung erweichen und gleichförmig über die Faserstruktur des Vor formlings 8 verteilt werden. Dabei ergibt sich zwischen den gegensei tigen Kontaktflächen des Vorformlings 8 und der Rahmenprofilteile 4 im Bereich der Aufnahmetaschen 10 eine innige flächige Verklebung und Ma terialbindung, insbesondere dann, wenn für die Rahmenprofilteile 4, wie bevorzugt, als Faserverbundmatrix ebenfalls ein Thermoplast ver wendet wird. Zusätzlich werden die Rahmenprofilteile 4 - wie bei 16 gezeigt - formschlüssig mit dem Knotenstück 6A verbunden und enthal ten zu diesem Zweck ein Formstück 18 z. B. aus Schaumstoff, das bei der Fertigung der Profilteile 4 in die endseitigen Anschlußbereiche einge fügt wird. In gleicher Weise werden auch die übrigen Knotenstellen 6 ausgebildet, woraufhin die Fachwerkstruktur fertiggestellt ist. Ein Nacharbeiten ist nicht erforderlich, da keine Spannungen oder Verzüge durch Fertigungsungenauigkeiten in der Struktur verbleiben.After inserting the frame profile parts 4 in the receiving pockets 10 , the consolidation of the fiber preform 8 and its integra le connection with the prefabricated frame profile parts 4 takes place in a single production step with the aid of the two-part molding tool 14 shown in FIG. 3, in which the frame profile parts 4 in area positionally accurate fixing of their knot side end portions and the Faservor preform 8 under the pressure and heat of the mold 14 to integrally connected with the frame profile parts 4 Fa server composite structure is compacted and consolidated, with the thermoplastic fiber components action in the fiber preform 8 due to the temperature soften and be uniformly distributed over the fiber structure of the preform 8 . In this case, results between the gegensei term contact surfaces of the preform 8 and the frame profile members 4 in the region of the receiving pockets 10 an intimate area bonding and Ma terialbindung particularly when, ver as a fiber composite matrix is also a thermoplastic applies for the frame profile parts 4, as preferred. In addition, the frame profile parts 4 - as shown at 16 - positively connected to the node 6 A and for this purpose contain a fitting 18 z. B. made of foam, which is inserted in the manufacture of the profile parts 4 in the end connection areas. The other nodes 6 are also formed in the same way, whereupon the framework structure is completed. Reworking is not necessary as there are no tensions or distortions due to manufacturing inaccuracies in the structure.
Bei Verwendung eines Duromersystems anstelle eines Thermoplasten als Faserverbundmatrix wird der trockene, textile Vorformling 8 ebenfalls zusammen mit den zugehörigen Rahmenprofilteilen 4 in das Formwerkzeug 14 eingelegt und dort z. B. im Wege der Harz-Injektionsmethode mit dem Duromersystem, etwa einem Epoxidharz, durchtränkt und dann - wiederum unter Wärme- und Druckeinwirkung - zu dem fertigen Knotenelement aus gehärtet. Die Rahmenprofilteile 4 können auch aus einem Faserverbund werkstoff, der ebenfalls eine Duromermatrix enthält, oder auch aus ei nem metallischen Werkstoff vorgefertigt werden.When using a thermoset system instead of a thermoplastic as a fiber composite matrix, the dry, textile preform 8 is also placed together with the associated frame profile parts 4 in the molding tool 14 and there z. B. by means of the resin injection method with the duromer system, such as an epoxy resin, soaked and then - again under the action of heat and pressure - hardened to the finished node element. The frame profile parts 4 can also be prefabricated from a fiber composite material, which also contains a duromer matrix, or from a metallic material.
Claims (10)
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DE4423642A DE4423642C1 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1994-07-06 | Vehicle chassis frame assembly |
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DE4423642A DE4423642C1 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1994-07-06 | Vehicle chassis frame assembly |
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DE4423642C1 true DE4423642C1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
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DE4423642A Expired - Fee Related DE4423642C1 (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1994-07-06 | Vehicle chassis frame assembly |
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