DE4401576A1 - Impurity separator for solid, liquid or gaseous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Impurity separator (1) separates impurities from media, e.g. lubrication oil. It has at least one storage chamber (8) for reception of impurities separated directly from at least one separation chamber (4) via at least one impurity overflow (46) and has discharge devices for separated impurities from at least one storage chamber (8). A retention device keeps at least a part of any impurities in at least one storage chamber (8), preventing back mixing with a medium in a separation chamber (4), esp. during impurity discharge and/or flow near the impurity overflow.

Description

The invention relates to a separator with which be love, especially liquid, media, such as lubricating oils or store coolants or the like can be. Such foreign substances can be specific lighter or specifically heavier than the medium, e.g. B. gases, like air, liquids like water or solid particles, be like abrasion, which depending on their fineness as sludge-like sediment deposits can be collected.

In the case of separators for oil circulation systems of machines, Like paper machines, it is beneficial if the foreign matter also for a very long time during the separation operation always in sufficient quantity from the separator can, because otherwise the associated machine lacks Ab vaginal circulation of the oil can not be lubricated and therefore is also to be shut down. Machines can use ei be in continuous operation for a period of one year, at least not so far with associated separators succeeded in removing the foreign matter not their partial backmixing occurred in the medium of oil. These Backmixing can occur when removing or cleaning a Plate separator, a filter basket, from inlet-stowage  open when draining or vacuuming the foreign substance deposit when tempering the boundaries of an Ab separating chamber and also occur when across the stream direction of the medium rinsed with a rinsing liquid becomes.

The invention has for its object a separator to create foreign substances, for which disadvantages are known Training or the type described are avoided and who in particular without substantial backmixing guaranteed essential uninterrupted continuous operation.

According to the invention, independently of one another and / or in any combination of retention agents against backmixing at least a part of the separated foreign matter in the Medium, a flow of the medium for continuous Chen transfer of foreign matter into a collecting room, sieving agent at the entrance of a settling chamber or a plate separator, Covering agent for deposited foreign substances during the separation the operating movable depositing surfaces and / or clearing means be seen with which those at a transition to Ab foreign matter already prevented from collecting chamber can be cleared out of the separator.

Regardless of such training, in particular for Ab Separation of specifically lighter foreign matter before the separation decammer a flow calming may be provided by which is also avoided that on the media surface bordering air entrained or mixed into the medium becomes. E.g. the medium can be fed in a cyclone flow and from the rotating flowing media level over a Edge essentially only as a film along a wall which flow up to below the media level in a separator chamber is enough. On the bottom of the cyclone can already  large foreign matter particles, e.g. B. on the bottom of one removable basket, settle and also during the separation drive can be removed at any time.

It is advisable to place them in the separator below the media level chamber lying at an angle to the vertical or horizontal Surface areas so arranged to the direction of flow of the medium net that sinking and / or rising from the medium Foreign substances for the most part not in contact or adhering Connect with these areas, but obliquely to the direction of flow almost straight or in egg drift sideways while sinking, until they reach an almost vertically permeable area from which they either go to a deepest or egg sink or rise in the highest collecting room. This can can be achieved in particular if the respective lower or upper boundary surface for the flow across the flow direction is inclined between about 10 ° to 60 °, depending on the requirements between these values each about 5 ° changed value is conceivable, the respective value a min can represent minimum or maximum value and a value between about 40 ° and 50 ° is preferred. In the direction of flow can the respective surface area of inclinations essentially Chen be aligned freely or approximately horizontally. Of the Surface area is as smooth as possible or so designed that adhesion of foreign substances is prevented as far as possible. There by no separate flushing flow is required, but al the flow energy of the medium and the buoyancy or Sinking forces are sufficient to prevent the foreign substances from entering half or above the associated surface area Feed the collecting room.

The foreign substances collected can continue to run during the process the separator in the associated room area of the Ab  separating chamber compared to their other areas shields or covered and thereby prevented from the medium in this remaining area of the room penetrate without it being necessary to simply click on due to gravitational or buoyant forces or increased foreign substances through additional funding move.

Covering or retaining means can be provided for this, which expediently a passage in the direction of belonging Allow towards the collecting room, but not in the opposite set direction back into the actual separation chamber. The cover means are advantageously designed such that for media flows within the separation chamber, in Area of transition to and / or in the collecting room substantially no foreign substances are whirled up, so that those in the separation chamber and the collecting room Media or substances essentially without mutual interference flow can be moved and therefore the separation operation does not have to be interrupted. Form when covered the covering means or the like. One opposite the collecting space The secondary collection is offset in the middle of the height of the separation chamber room in which the foreign matter accumulates until the cover is back in its release position lung is transferred. Then the foreign matter through the separation forces above the now open again Transition from the secondary collection room to flow into the collection room. For this purpose, the covering means expediently have guiding surfaces chen, their orientation and angle of inclination to those can correspond to those above based on the surface areas explained, but appropriately opposite to this are inclined.  

The guiding surfaces of the covering means or other surfaces can thus form movable settling surfaces which, for. B. at heights direction or roughly parallel to their main surface orientation or approximately horizontally movable during the separation operation are. Such movable surfaces can also be the top or Limit the bottom of a separation channel, in the since then the foreign matter between the movable area Surface and a counter surface are pressed out and / or stripped and then due to the separating forces because of the collection space.

To empty the respective collecting room, you can appropriate clearing means may be provided. For easily flowable, for example liquid or gaseous foreign substances simple drain or overflow without separate, driving För dermittel be provided. For foreign substances that are difficult to flow fe, e.g. B. can baked sediments to a mud cake a mecha instead of or in addition to a room flush niche attack with at least one Broaching tool, namely only rotating and / or only linearly reciprocating broaching device, such as one Brush, a scraper, a screw conveyor or the like be seen. When clearing the static pressure inside of the collecting tube is expediently at most as large or small ner than that in the area of the transfer or the rest gene, adjacent deposition chamber.

The collecting space expediently forms an approximately straight line Channel with an essentially constant interior over its length cross sections, which at the discharge and / or other end in State of emptying almost full over this interior cross-section is open. Each of these ends can be completely are freely accessible outside the separator or with a Closure tightly closed without being destroyed  his. The evacuation is expediently opposite to Flow direction of the medium in the separation chamber. In Sam collecting space, specific to the medium heavier liquids, such as water, can be used without additional the medium drained down at any time and its existence be detected by a sensor and by a signal device be displayed. By draining the liquid in the Area of a deepest point of the otherwise essentially horizontally lying collecting space can also be fixed foreign substances are washed out in dispersion. Such an out Flooding is also present from the inlet end of the collecting room led fluid, such as liquid, especially with from the Me dium reserve of the separator directly and / or from a ge special memory supplied medium possible.

Also clearing out or flushing out or rinsing out the sink or solids can be automated or by a tax direction take place automatically. A sensor can do this Record the filling level of the collecting room and / or after a time-dependent control of the evacuation or Flushing at predetermined time intervals or in each case over a predetermined period of time may be provided. The sensor or the Time control can be designed to be infinitely adjustable the flushing or clearing intervals to the respective requirements or to adapt to the filling status of the Collection room should be emptied.

The separator is advantageous filter, sieve and / or sol che assigned separation aids, which during the passage of the Medium in this finely divided foreign substances, like liquids or water to larger particles or Combine droplets, which are then much stronger Separation forces, namely gravitational or buoyancy forces are exposed. Such a separation aid or a sieve  can e.g. B. the inlet of the respective separation channel cover and be designed as a coalescing screen. Such Ab Divorces can also be used independently of all others Written training can be provided. Furthermore, they can coarser foreign matter particles at the passage into the separator Prevent nal and before this in the associated chamber which, from this chamber via sloping baffles Collection room fed and from this in the Wei described can be removed.

The training according to the invention is a very good one Degree of separation between medium and foreign substances reached, whereby especially from an already very small particle size essentially complete separation is guaranteed. The medium in the separator is essentially free of flow silent and the passage of the medium through the separator then put back into operation, they result in essentially no swirling of foreign substances or Dirt. The cleaning of the flow separator is with ge possible with little effort and without interrupting the run Lich, so that the machine to be supplied, like a turbine, a rolling mill or the like does not need to be shut down.

A pump, valves or filter inserts in the separator the associated flow paths for the medium are favored Most of their service life is significantly less stressed, which means that the Maintenance effort is reduced. Nor are any special ones Lifting devices to lift out the internals, such as plate separators the, cleaning tubs or the like. Requires from the separator Lich. The series or in circulation with an oil circulation system connected separator for lubrication and cooling the cleaned medium to the suction side of a pump, which it to the lubrication points, from where it descends or the like can get back into the inlet of the separator.  

The foreign substances are essentially exclusively in precisely defined areas, which are in top view several times smaller than the footprint of the separation chamber and / or before influences of those given in the deposition chamber Flow are protected so that the foreign substances are not place stationary anywhere in the separation chamber and from mixed back into the medium by swirling can be.

These and other features go beyond the claims also from the description and the drawings, wherein the individual features individually or in groups ren in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment the invention and in other fields advantageous and protectable versions can provide for which protection is claimed here. Execution Examples of the invention are shown in the drawings represents and are explained in more detail below. In the drawing The illustrations show a partially simplified representation in:

Fig. 1 a separator in vertical section approximately parallel to the flow direction,

Fig. 2 shows the separator of FIG. 1 in cross section through deposition chambers,

Fig. 3 illustrates the separator of FIG. 2 in an open plan view,

Fig. 4, the inlet channel of the separator in perspec TiVi shear representation,

Fig. 5 shows a conductivity or Absetzboden in perspektivi shear representation,

Fig. 6 is a partition wall with covering means in Perspecti vischer representation,

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of cover means according to Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a screen in view,

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of a separator in a representation corresponding to Fig. 2,

Fig. 10 shows a detail of the separator of FIG. 9 in the open plan view,

Fig. 11 is a supporting body for at least one interim rule bottom of FIG. 9,

Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment of a separator in a representation corresponding to Fig. 2,

Fig. 13 to 18 different profiles of foreign matter collection spaces or covering means,

Fig. 19 is a further collecting space with a Home Care help in Räumzustand,

Fig. 20 is a partial section of the arrangement of FIG. 19 in plan view,

Fig. 21, the arrangement of FIG. 19 in the collect mode,

Fig. 22, the arrangement of FIG. 19 in the operating mode,

Fig. 23 shows a further embodiment of cleaning or Räummitteln in longitudinal section through a plenum

Fig. 24, the arrangement of FIG. 23 in the rewind mode,

Fig. 25 shows a further embodiment of Räummitteln in longitudinal section;

Fig. 26 shows a further embodiment of a separator in a sectional representation accordingly FIG. 2.

The separator 1 has a rectangular container unit 2 which is elongated in plan and which forms near one end a separator chamber 4 supplied with medium via an inlet device 3 and approximately extending over its width. The separation chamber 4 is with dividing internals, for. B. provided a plate separator 5 , which the medium via an adjacent to the associated end of the unit 2 A feed chamber 6 and from which this medium is discharged again via an outlet chamber 7 , which is in plan on the side facing away from the inlet chamber 6 of the plat tenabscheiders 5 lies. The two, compared to the actual separating chamber 4 or the plate separator 5 in the volume men much smaller, but having the same width or height chambers 6 , 7 can be formed substantially the same. Transverse to the direction of flow in the Abetzvor direction 5 are two mirror-symmetrical, the same and substantially flow-tight against each other ver closed separation chambers 4 on both sides of the Längenmittelebe ne of the unit 2 side by side and directly adjacent to each other, which the chamber 6 and 7 is assigned together.

The bottom of the chamber 4 , 6 and 7 forms in its deepest loading a trough-shaped collecting space 8 for sinking foreign substances, a common collecting space 8 being provided for both or all approximately equally deep chambers 4 , 6 , 7 and the water in essentially forms the only collecting space of the separator 1 . This collecting space 8 can be covered and closed with respect to the rest of the separation chamber 4 , in which case intermediate collecting spaces 9 are formed laterally on either side of the collecting space 8 and directly above this, from which, when the collecting space 8 is opened, temporarily stored foreign substances automatically enter directly into the collecting room 8 can sink. The collection rooms 8 , 9 are cut in cross section down to the lowest point, z. B. un ter flanked at one of said angles. To secure the existing foreign matter in the collecting space 8 against swirling or backmixing in the medium located in the space above, retention means 10 are provided which restrict or prevent flow transfers between the two spaces and instead of a conceivable sta tional arrangement appropriately lock-like between one Locking and a connection position can be movable. In the collecting rooms 8 , 9 , the foreign matter from the separating chamber 4 or its lowermost region comes exclusively from gravitational or sinking forces.

From the outlet chamber 7 , the cleaned medium passes over an over the entire width of the unit 2 and overlying the separator 5 overflow 11 in a clean chamber 12 , which forms the associated other end of the unit 2 . The inlet device 3 has, above the upper side of the unit 2, an inlet connection 13 for a pipeline via which the medium coming from the machine to be treated in the medium circulation is fed to the separator 1 . At a distance above its bottom, the clean chamber 12 is connected to an outlet connection 14 for a further pipeline, which feeds the medium to the machine again, so that this medium is circulated through the machine and the separator 1 .

The inlet device 3 has a standing cyclone 15 , which is formed by the tangential entry of the connection 13 into a cylinder jacket provided on the top with a non-destructively removable cover. Above the bottom 16 of the cyclone chamber also protrudes an upright arranged and in cross-section circular or cylindrical inlet channel 17 with its upper end over part of the height in the cyclone chamber, so that this upper end with the Zyklonman tel limits an annular space. Immediately via the connection 13 into the cyclone chamber approximately horizontally flowing Me medium sets this in the annular space in a rotational flow, so that the operating level 18 of the medium due to the centrifugal forces is frustoconical and connects with its lowest point to the upper end edge of the channel 17 . This upper end edge forms an overflow edge, via which the medium in the annular chamber enters the channel 17 in the manner of a strudel. The inside width of the channel 17 is so large that the medium entering does not fill its central area, but only flows off as a film along the inner wall. The flow is calmed by this and the medium does not entrain any air, with large air or gas bubbles and larger dirt particles in the chamber of the cyclone and which can be removed at any time via an upper or lower drain during operation of the device 3 . The chambers can be closed individually or together with a cover wall 19 , in particular at least one non-destructively removable and the respective chamber on their full floor plan free, plate-shaped cover 19 , the cyclone 15 or the like. At the top of the lid from the separation chamber 4 arranged and how the inlet channel 17 passing through the cover 19 forms a structural unit with the cover.

The operating level 20 of the separating chamber 4, which is lower than the operating level 18 and immediately below the cover 19 , is determined by the level of the overflow 11 and is always constant during operation. Below the cover 19 , the inlet 17 protrudes with its lower end to below the level 20 in a directly below the cover 19 to run chamber 21 , the bottom 22 of which is formed exclusively by inclined surfaces under egg nem of the said angles, only 4 for each separation chamber a single incline plane is provided. The inlet chamber 21 is formed by a separate, channel-shaped or bowl-shaped component that delimits both plate separators 5 on the upper side from a flat material, such as sheet metal, the bottom 22 of which is V-shaped, projecting downwards towards the center.

At the end belonging to the discharge chamber 7 and which delimits this above the plate separator 5, the inlet trough 21 is closed from the bottom 22 to above the level 20 , while at the other end it is open to the inlet chamber 6 to the full extent, so that the medium from always to to level 20 vollge filled inlet chamber 21 can only ge over the formed by this end exits 24 into the top end of the inlet chamber 6 ge long. The inlet chamber 21 , which also projects upwards with its side walls above the level 20, can form inclined guide surfaces for sinking foreign substances with its base 22 , which may escape through the base 22 and laterally from or between the plate separators 5 directly down into the collecting space 8 or 9 can sink. An inclined guide wall 23 prevents foreign matter from moving to the closed end of the chamber 21 and guides the foreign matter under the inlet 17 to the outlet 24 .

The baffles of the chamber 4 lying below the device 3 or the chamber 21 form subdivisions or flow channels leaving intermediate boundaries in the form of plates, lamellae or the like, which are made of thin surface or plate material, such as sheet metal, plastic or the like. can exist. In each chamber 4 only superimposed, from each other essentially flow-tightly separated thin film or intermediate channels are formed, which seen in the flow direction according to FIG. 2 or increase in cross-section to a lateral limit and fall from the other lateral limit. The inclination can be approximately constant throughout most of the width and be about 45 °. The upward-facing surface side of the continuously flat central region of the boundary 25 forms a lower guiding, limiting or depositing surface 26 for foreign substances falling from the sewer shaft above it, while the lower surface side bil a corresponding surface 27 for foreign substances rising from the sewer shaft below det. The surfaces 26 , 27 have one of the above-mentioned inclinations and are parallel to one another.

The respective intermediate or settling channel 28 has a substantially smaller extension in the height direction than in the direction of the slurry, so that there is a flat channel whose cross-sectional height is at least 3 to 10 or 20 times greater than the thickness of the boundaries 25 . As a result, the width of the flat channel can be considerably less than 10 times larger than its height, and because of the strong inclination, its horizontal cross-sectional dimension is nevertheless space-saving. The uppermost channel 28 is delimited on the upper side by the associated bottom flank 22 , which lies parallel to the adjacent delimitation 25 and at a corresponding distance above it.

The inlet chamber 6 is connected to all channels 28 of the respective separator 5 via a common, but separate from the adjacent separator 5, separate inlet opening 29 , which is approximately in the vertical or vertical parting plane between the inlet chamber 6 and the limits 25 on the receiving chamber part lies. The from the outlet 24 in the inlet chamber 6 to the side and down flowing medium reaches ge through the inlet openings 29 both in the side and in the distance below the inlet chamber 21 are the channels 28 by transversely against it in the inlet chamber 6 Overflow 11 or the clean chamber 12 is deflected. The A openings 29 are narrower than the channels 28 and both sides laterally limited approximately vertically, so that each channel 28 forms an approximately parallelogram-shaped inlet opening 29 , where at the narrow edges of the limits 25 against the direction of flow protrude freely and without an angle.

Each inlet opening 29 is provided with an auxiliary device 30 for the separation process, e.g. B. a coalescing device substantially completely covered, so that the medium can only gelan penetration of this device 30 in each channel 28 gene. This or a corresponding device can instead or additionally be provided at any other point in the flow path of the medium. The essentially flat plate-shaped device 30 ( not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) is formed according to FIG. 8 as a filter or sieve with a configuration and mesh size in such a way that the finest particle distribution in the medium lies and so hardly sinkable foreign substances, like liquids, are melted into larger particles and are easy to sink after this confluence. The parallelogram-shaped outer contour of the device 30 corresponds to the inner contour of the inlet opening 29 of all channels 28 of the respective separator 5 , so that here two level devices 30 are provided next to each other and z. B. on the associated Plattenkan th of the limits 25 may be present. The upper outer edge of the device 30 abuts the underside of the associated bottom flank 22 . The device 30 can be interchangeably provided without being destroyed. This or another device 30 also forms a flow resistance, so that there is a slightly higher media pressure in the inlet chamber 6 than in the channels 28 or in the outlet chamber 7 . This results in a further flow calming in the channels 28 and possibly fused foreign matter particles sinking downward in the area of the device 30 directly into the collecting space 8 or 9 .

The inlet opening 29 and / or the correspondingly mirror-symmetrical to the intermediate center plane formed outlet opening is formed on one to four limit sides, in particular on both lateral height limits, each by a flow orifice 31 to 33 . Two mutually parallel Strö aperture diaphragms 31 , 32 according to FIGS . 2 and 3 each cover a part of the associated lateral edge area of the channels 28 against the inlet or outlet chamber 6 , 7 , so that these edge areas no areas of Form inlet openings 29 , but are closed in the direction of flow. The mutually facing edge surfaces of the plate panels formed by flat material and arranged with their common plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the channels 28 form the associated boundaries of the inlet opening 29 and connection surfaces for the associated outer edges of the device 30 , which are arranged in the plane of these panels 31 to 33 can be.

The adjacent to the higher area of the bottom flank 22 are de, laterally outer diaphragm 31 can protrude upwards above the level 20 and directly adjoins the associated side of the channel 21 , while the diaphragm 32 closing to the lower area is completely below the level 20 lies and like the other is strip-shaped. The aperture 31 projects with its lower end to the highest region of the Bo dens 34 of the deposition chamber 4th The lower panel 33 connects with its upper end to this lower end, its upper edge being inclined approximately parallel to the channels 28 and ending in the upper region of the collecting space 8 . In this Be rich abut the two opposite panels 33 with their corners formed by the upper limits to each other, so that they are in alignment with their end edges with the upper limit of the collecting space 8 .

Through the panels 31 , 32 are the laterally outer Randbe rich 35 of the flat channels 28 in the flow shadow, the se areas 35 over part of their width have the same cross-sectional height as the channel 28 in the intermediate inlet area. Laterally further out, however, this cross-sectional height initially increases steeply and then more flatly at an acute angle within region 35 that on the laterally outermost long side of the respective channel 28 a continuous outlet opening 36 and 37 is formed over its entire length and with approximately constant width is. For this purpose, the higher edge regions 38 of the surfaces 26 , 27 or the subdivisions 25 are angled at an obtuse angle and inclined outwards at a distance from the opening 29 and within the region 35 , being close to the associated lateral outer wall of the Unit 2 or the common boundary wall of the chambers 4 , 6 , 7 chen. The respective lower bend 38 projects above the part lying above it, so that between two surfaces 26 , 27 the slit-shaped, upwardly facing outlet opening 36 is formed, to which an upwardly directed guide surface 27 is connected.

In a corresponding manner, the lower-lying edge areas 39 are angled to form the downward-facing, slot-shaped outlet openings 37 , the plates 25 being able to be designed such that they can not only be exchanged for one another, but also optionally mounted in two turning positions of the type that each bend 38 , 39 is either directed upwards or downwards.

The respective separator 5 forms an approximately horizontal and inclined flow guide 40 such that separating foreign substances within the channels 28 are supplied directly to the respective sam melraum solely by this flow guide of the medium and do not settle beyond a small amount on the guide surfaces 26 , 27 . In the longitudinal flow of the medium through the respective channel 28 it is in the inlet opening 29 associated with the middle region and at a very short distance from the associated boundary surfaces 26 , 27 a very calm or la minare flow. In the boundary layers adjacent to the boundaries 26 , 27 there are very small and in the areas 35 larger eddy currents.

In conjunction with the channel inclination, the small eddy currents are sufficient to prevent foreign substances which are against the surface 26 or 27 from sticking and to move these foreign substances both in the flow direction and in the associated transverse direction in the direction of the outlet opening 36 or 37 . If they get into the associated, essentially non-flowed area 35 , in which the larger eddies occur essentially only directly adjacent to the inlet orifices 31 to 33 , they can continue to rise or fall laterally in this flow-free area 35 until they pass through the associated opening 36 and 37 emerge.

With this design, backmixing of the foreign substances into the laminar flow region is hardly possible once they have reached the regions 35 . Ascending foreign substances rise above the level 20 into the upper area of the chambers 4 , 6 , 7 , 12 , 21 and can be discharged from there to the outside. Falling foreign matter passes along the guide surfaces 26 of the bends 39 directly downward into the collecting space 8 , 9 lying vertically below these and the openings 37 .

The two separators 5 and chambers 4 are separated from each other between the diaphragms 32 of the inlet opening 29 and the outlet opening via a vertically standing boundary or intermediate wall 41 , up close to which the respective bend 39 extends. The deepest edge region 39 of the lowest limit 25 extends approximately to the top of the collecting space 8 , 9 . The lying in the longitudinal center plane between the separators 5 boundary 41 closes at full height with their edges facing away from each other on the mutually facing sides of the perpendicular to her tongues 32 , which are each formed for both separators 5 by a common, strip-shaped component can.

According to the invention, the bottom wall 34 is inclined, as described with reference to the channels 28 , namely z. B. corresponding to the bottom 22 V-shaped, but it extends to the outer side boundaries of the openings 36 receiving riser shafts which extend over the entire length of the channels 28 . The deepest point of the wall 34 lies vertically below the corresponding boundary 41 of the sink shaft receiving the openings 37 and also extending over the length of the channels 29 . The lowest area of the bottom wall 34 forms the cross-sectionally V-shaped bottom of the collecting space 8 , whereby foreign substances deposited along the bottom 34 not affected by the channel currents can slide evenly into the collecting space 8 over the entire floor height.

The retention means 10 contain an upper cover or shield for the collecting space 8 in the form of a closure 42 , which lies immediately below the deepest bend 39 or opening 37 . This closure 42 complements the bottom of the collecting space 8 so that it can be substantially completely closed in cross-section over the circumference or can be connected to the chambers 4 or the collecting space 9 via at least one lateral or upper slot-shaped opening so that foreign matter can sink in .

The closure 42 is extended downward approximately at a right angle V-shaped so that it has two downwardly diverging legs 43 , the upper sides of which form roof-like inclined boundary, guiding and setting surfaces 44 , which limit the longitudinal end of the associated end Form sinkhole. As a result, foreign matter can sink, regardless of the position of the closure 42, along the guide surfaces 44 onto the corresponding surface 45 of the base 34 or into the collecting space 8 . The foreign matter is first led laterally outwards from the surfaces 44 and then laterally inwards on the surfaces 45 , always moving downwards.

The ends or edge surfaces of the legs 43 are directed approximately at right angles to the surfaces 45 which are constantly inclined over the entire floor 34 into the collecting space 8 and to which they lie approximately at right angles. In the area between these edge surfaces and the surfaces 45 , a transition 46 for foreign substances located above them is formed in the collecting space 8 , which continuously passes over the entire length of the channels 28 and openings 37 . The transition 46 is essentially formed by a transition opening 47 which is delimited in parallel on one side by the edge surface of the leg 43 and on the other side by the surface 45 and is smaller in width than the largest or smallest width of the collecting space 8 . The end faces of the closure 42 expediently flow-tight substantially on the mutually facing sides of the plate boundaries 33 .

The closure 42 is adjustable with an adjusting device 48 so that the openings 47 can be partially or completely closed or transferred to a flow-preventing, ie, flow-tight, state. The actuating device 48 can be actuated from outside the separator 1 . It has a spindle 49 which carries the closure 42 and is arranged vertically upright, the lower end of which is fastened to the upper end of the intermediate wall 41 , which in turn rigidly supports the closure 42 at the lower end. The pull rod or spindle 49 passes through the deepest point of the bottom 22 in the region of a flow-tight passage, lies coaxially within the inlet channel 17 and is guided through the cover 19 or the cyclone chamber and through its cover to the top, where it is on an external thread supporting nut can be supported on this top wall.

In the open position, the upper edges of the panel strips 32 rest on the undersides of the bottom flanks 22 , as a result of which the open position of the closure 42 is limited by the stop. The lower ends of the diaphragm strip 32 can run over the diaphragm strips 33 on the inside or outside or the diaphragm strip 32 can be shortened or extended in a telescopic manner with the actuating movement. Due to the diaphragm strips 31 , 32 , 33 , the rising and sinking shafts accommodating the openings 36 , 37 or the floor 34 , the collecting space 8 , 9, the retention means 10 and the transition 46 are always outside the flow in the channels 28 in a flow-free area of the medium.

On the side opposite the plate separator 5 , the inlet chamber 6 is delimited by a standing outer wall 51 of the unit 2 , which extends to the cover 19 . On the corresponding side of the discharge chamber 7 by a stationary separation wall 52 is limited, which forms the optionally continuous over an inclined guide surface in the medium in the clean chamber 12 overflow 11 with its upper edge, so that the medium from the chamber 7 without receiving of air inclusions enters chamber 12 . The overflow 11 extends over the entire width of the chambers 4 , 12 , to the standing longitudinal walls of which it connects, so that the chamber 7 is separated from the chamber 12 only by a single wall 52 . The bottom of the chamber 6 or 7 is inclined according to the bottom 34 ge, for which this extends to the walls 51 , 52 and continuously forms the bottom of the chamber 6 and 7 , respectively. Means or inclined guiding surfaces 53 can be provided in the chamber 6 or 7 , through which any foreign matter that may sink there is guided solely under the separating forces under the separator 5 in such a way that they reach the area of the collecting space 8 , 9 below this.

Instead of or in addition, the collecting space 8 , 9 can also pass into the area of the chamber 6 , 7 or up to the associated inside of the wall 51 , 52 and also cover or cover in this area with the closure 42 or the like. be shieldable. Referring to FIG. 7 for this purpose, the legs 43 of the closure 42 on the mutually remote outer sides of the aperture 42 also extended so that they rest in sentlichen we close to the wall 51 and 52, and ten moving can. While in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the aperture can be arranged fixed in relation to the rest of the container 32, it is shown in FIG. 7 with the separating part 41 and the circuit 42 is movable Ver. The collecting space 8 , 9 is thus longer than the channels 28 here .

Clearance means 50 ( FIG. 19) are provided in order to be able to partially or completely empty the collecting space 8 at any time during the separation operation. These expediently have at least one pipe at least at one end of the collecting space 8 which is essentially tightly connected, the inner cross sections of which form an aligned extension of the inner cross sections of the closed collecting space 8 , which can thus be square or diamond-shaped standing on a corner. Depending on the design of the collecting space, this connecting duct connects to the inside of the wall 51 , 52 associated with the respective chamber 6 , 7 or to the inside of the respective wall 32 associated with the separator 5 . The pipe socket can protrude beyond the outside of the wall 51 or penetrate the wall 52 or the entire clean chamber 12 in a straight line or curved, so that each end of the collecting space 8 is connected via a pipe socket to the outside of the unit 2 and its interior is accessible from there is. The connected to the chamber 6 associated end of the collecting space 8 connecting piece expediently forms a discharge opening 54 through which foreign matter can be conveyed out to the outside of the unit 2 . The other end of the closed collecting space 8 advantageously forms an insertion or inlet opening 55 for mechanical cleaning aids, flushing media or the like, which can be supplied from the outside of the unit 2 via the associated pipe socket, for. B. from the outside of the wall 52 opposite wall 56 of the clean chamber 12 , on which the connection 14 can be provided.

The operating level 58 of the medium in the clean chamber 12 is always kept below the level 20 or the overflow fes 11 , which is constant over the entire length of the level 20 . In the collecting space 8 , 9 collected water can be indicated by a sensor-influenced Signalein direction and by opening the closable from the opening 54 , optionally over a small gradient of the collecting space 8 , 9 , can be drained, with collected solids also washed away. Possibly still in the clean chamber 12 sunk foreign matter get on their, if inclined to a drain 60 in the wall 56 and like the drain opening 60 at a greater distance below the connection 14 to the bottom 59 , so that they open by opening the drain 60 the clean chamber 12 or the unit 2 can be conveyed under their weight, without the need for separate funding here.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 8, two to all intermediate plates of the respective separator 5 can form a structural unit which can be used and removed as a whole. For example, the intermediate plates 25 according to FIG. 5 have connecting links, such as through openings, which lie in the flow-free regions 35 and are penetrated by rod-shaped supporting bodies, spacers placed between the adjacent plates 25 on the supporting rods provided vertically or in the regions 35 , such as Sleeves can be provided. The plates 25 can be clamped against each other essentially without play ver on the support rods. In the flow area of the channels 28, however, no connecting links are seen between the plates 25 , so that here, according to FIG. 2, no subdivisions of the channels 28 are given.

Instead of or in addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the limitation or intermediate slats 25 can also be formed by thin sheets, flexible plastic films or the like of less than 1 or 1/2 or 1/10 millimeter, which would sag slack without tension . The lateral edge zones 38 , 39 of these lamellae are each fastened to a plate-shaped support body 61 , 62 which is transverse to their planes and which delimits the associated riser or sink shaft on its inside facing the channels 28 . This support body 61 , 62 has the outlet openings 36 , 37 in the form of slots. Through a slot of each Tragkör pers 61 , 62 , a lamella 25 is passed and fixed with its edge 38 , 39 on the side facing away from the channel 28 of the support body 61 , 62 by adhesion, such as gluing, welding or the like. The lamella 25 lies on the upper longitudinal edge of the slot 36 and on the lower longitudinal edge of the slot 37 , so that the slot 37 forms a passage lying above the guide surface 26 and the slot 36 forms a passage located below the guide surface 27 and the guide surface 26 , 27 continuously passes through to the outside of the supporting body 61 , 62 .

In the unit 2 or in the chamber 4 clamping means are easily seen to keep the lamellae 25 under tension so tight that they are approximately flat. For this purpose, the supporting bodies 61 , 62 can be positively supported on abutments 63 ( FIG. 10) against the tensile forces. The abutments 63 can be formed by angled legs of the diaphragms 31 , 32 directed against the wall 51 or 52 and form sliding guides, along which the support bodies 61 , 62 can be removed or inserted after removing the components 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 . An abutment can also be formed by the lateral edge of the component 21 , so that the tension only occurs when it is inserted. The intermediate wall 41 can also be guided with its lateral edge regions in rail guides 64 , which are provided on the mutually facing sides of the walls 51 , 52 .

The contact edge of the respective slot 36 , 37 forms a template for the associated edge of the lamella 25 and, according to FIG. 11, can be profiled in a straight line or deviating from the linear shape. Both contact edges for the respective ge lamella 25 can be the same or different out, so that the guide surfaces 26 , 27 transversely to the direction of flow have continuously changing profiles, for. B. in the area of a slot 36 , 37 or support body 61 , 62 are flat and profiled in the area of the other. Both slots 36 , 37 can be corrugated several times flat in the flow direction, whereby the lamella 25 forms flat transverse waves lying one behind the other in the flow direction, which are at right angles or at an angle to the flow direction and can extend over the entire width of the lamella 25 . This results in essentially flow-free areas in the troughs of the guide surface 26 , 27 , through which even better separation and avoidance of backmixing is achieved.

To maintain the tension, the supporting bodies 61 , 62 can be spring-loaded or loaded by separate springs.

The support body 61 , 62 , optionally exclusively Lich, can be supported in the middle between their side edges with respect to the fixed part of the unit 2 . Instead of or in addition to the described transverse tension, the elastically resilient intermediate limits 25 can also be tensioned in the direction of flow. By supporting the support body 61 , 62 on the abutments 63 and by impact limitation of the support body 61 , 62 relative to the floor 34 , no further fastening or support means are required, so that a very simple design results.

In order to improve the cross drift of the foreign matter, in particular also with a low angle of repose of the guide surfaces 26 , 27 , and to prevent further adhesion, the intermediate limits 25 can be coupled to a vibration generator, which sets them into short-wave vibrations and simultaneously with the separation operation Cleaning the guide surfaces 26 , 27 causes. To shake the influencing of the respective guide surface or the respective guide body 25 , 34 , 43 can also be done so that this guide body by the shaking movement in, at right angles and / or obliquely to the flow direction is set impulsively under increased tensile stress so that it at the strain-relieving vibration amplitudes resiliently resilient from its tensile stretch without having to become tension-free or slack, so that any foreign matter that is deposited is kept in suspension at a short distance from the guide surface, essentially without touching it, and is thus conveyed with little resistance. As a result, the guide surface also carries out vibration-like transverse movements which, like a tensioned string, can be very short-wave.

As shown in FIGS. 1 through ken Absen to 3, the shutter 42 is closed, it is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 closed by raising because he inner half of the sludge chamber 8 is located in the release position. This is formed by a longitudinally slotted tube profile for forming the transition 46 , which closes with its two sides of the slit to the lower edges of the bottom flanks 34 , including with its outer circumference attached to an approximately horizontal bottom wall of the unit 2 and with a part of its circumference projects freely accessible downwards over this floor wall. The settling surfaces 44 are thereby within the sludge or collecting space 8 and form the closing surfaces with which the closure 42 on the inner circumference of the space 8 can be adjacent to the openings 47 with resilient bias. As a result, then on both sides of the closure 42 and the partition 41, the collection spaces 9 , which are also tapered downward in cross-section, from which foreign substances are deposited only by opening the closure 42 along the settling surface 45 of the bottom 34 and along settling surfaces 44 directly into the sam melraum 8 and preferably can flow in its lateral areas.

Referring to FIG. 12 are in the longitudinal direction of the channels 28 opposite and in each case only a single side lamination edge 38, separately 39 holding the support body 61, 62 is provided, is supported on the outer periphery of the respective edge 38, 39 by winding or looping around without further fastening means. The support body 61 , 62 are separate and / or rotatable together via an actuator or the like. Lockable against the opposite direction of rotation, so that the slats 25 can be continuously tightened. In the higher lying support bodies 61 , the lamellae 25 close tangentially to the underside and in the lower support bodies 62 to the top, so that in each case between the outer circumference of a support body 61 , 62 or a winding edge 38 , 39 and the overlying one or underlying slat 25 a slit-shaped narrowed outlet opening 36 , 37 is formed, through which no medium flows like a throttle, but foreign substances can escape. The parallel or horizontal support body 61 , 62 are rotatably supported with their ends on the diaphragms 31 and / or the wall 51 or 52 , so that they can extend like the slats 25 to the mutually facing sides of the diaphragms 31 .

At the upper ends of the diaphragms 31 , 32 is another, the inlet or outlet opening 29 , 57 of the uppermost channel 28 on the upper side delimiting diaphragm, which extends to the underside of the bottom flank 22 . The box-shaped Zulaufkör by 21 can be held only by laying on these panels 31 , 32 or corresponding supports, against which it adjusts itself by the inclined contact surfaces of the center. After removing the cover 19 and releasing the tension member 49 , 41 , the inlet chamber 21 as well as the construction parts 31 , 32 , 61 , 62 can be removed from the unit 2 upwards. The actuating device 48 is here formed by a drive in the form of a cylinder-piston unit, to the piston rod of which the spindle 49 is fastened and which in turn can be fastened essentially only downwards to the top wall of the cyclone chamber 15 .

The component delimiting the collecting space 8 on the underside or as a closure on the top can be both angular or more angular as well as curved or cylindrical in cross section on the inside and / or on the outside, only one of these configurations in each case can be provided. Referring to FIG. 13 of the collecting space 8 itself is at least angular ge schlossenem closure 42 in cross-section or V-shaped with two legs projecting from the leg 43 space. For this purpose, a profiled, sheet-like material, V-shaped filler 65 is attached to the inside of the legs 43 with the end edges of its parallel to the bottom flanks 34 of the collecting chamber 8 legs. When the closure 42 is lowered or closed, the filler body 65 , which tapers downward in a tapered or cutting-like manner, can penetrate the deposited foreign matter sludge and push it laterally upward into the space legs, with a more favorable flow for cleaning or flushing through the collecting space 8 Cross section results.

FIG. 14 is the lower part of the collecting space 8 right angled U-shaped or channel-shaped, and the upper ends of its approaching to the vertical leg directly adjoin the Bo denflanken 34, so that the slip or deposition surface 45 to inside the locking seat of the Closure 42 is enough. Referring to FIG. 15, the filling body 65 can be sen a U-shaped outer surface aufwei with such a collecting chamber 8 in cross-section also, so that the collecting space is Angles abge shaped U-8 both in open and in closed closure 42 in cross section.

Referring to FIG. 16 which will form the collecting chamber 8 confining construction parts a closed cylindrical tube about Be rich in an axial plane is divided. The lower, approximately semicircular channel part connects with its longitudinal edges at the same level to the settling surfaces 45 and the downwardly open channel-shaped closure 42 can be congruent with these longitudinal edge surfaces with its longitudinal edge surfaces. So that no foreign matter can adhere to the top of the closure 42 , a roof-shaped connecting piece for connection to the intermediate wall 41 is attached to this top, which forms part of the settling surface 44 progressively sloping towards the bottom of the collecting space 9 .

The lower part of the collecting space 8, according to Fig. 17 also over more than 180 ° or 320 ° space around the central axis of the collecting 8 must be closed, wherein depending on the requirements of these two values each other, by about 10 ° ver changed value is conceivable. The closure 42 can here be formed by a profile strip with a full cross section made of hard rubber or the like, with which the funnel-shaped and slot-shaped transition opening 47 according to FIG. 17 can be closed very securely and tightly.

According to FIG. 18, the closure 42 also forms the lower part of the boundary of the collecting space 8 , the closure 42 being adjustable back and forth transversely to or about the central axis of the collecting space 8 . The closure 42 can be slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction in the manner of a rotary slide on the inner wall of the collecting space 8 receiving and adjoining the wall 34 , this component together with the closure 42 limiting the transition opening 47 . The closure 42 is, for. B. formed by a longitudinally slotted tube, the slot opening is slightly wider than the ge delimited by the walls 34 transition opening 47 . The closure 42 can also be rotated through full rotations so that its slot opening in the closed position also points downwards or is loosened from such foreign matter sludge by such movements of the construction part 42 . In circuit 42 through the jacket of Ver closed opening 47 only a ger only peo collecting chamber 9 is provided and an intermediate wall 41 or egg ne upright from the closure 42 outgoing adjustment link are not required here.

Referring to FIGS. 19 to 22 also further loosening means 66 may be provided, with which by reciprocating movements of Be solidified by sedimentation foreign matter can be loosened mud and made more flowable. The loosening body 65 can be formed by the filling body and can also be movably mounted on the inside of the closure 42 in such a way that it can be brought to the bottom of the collecting space 8 at different distances. The loosening body 65 has a z. B. finely structured by bristles and inherently resilient surface, which can be applied under pressure and substantially whole surface against the floor in particular when the collecting space 8 is closed. The loosening body 65 can be moved with a mechanical drive 67 in and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the collecting space 8 .

This drive 67 can, for. B. on the closure 42 rotatably gela ger crank drive, the crank pin slot in a cross or the like. At the top of the loosening body 65 engages, which in turn slidably with support rails on the upper side of a crank pin bearing and within the United circuit 42 lying crank disc is stored. The crank disc is attached to the lower end of a tubular spindle 49 passing through the shaft with a suitable drive 68 , z. B. by hand or with an Elektromo tor is rotatable. With an actuator 69 acting on this shaft and arranged above the adjusting device 48 , the loosening body 65 according to FIG. 19 can be raised up to the stop on the inside of the closure 42 or lowered until it rests against the bottom of the collecting space 8 according to FIG. 22. The cleaning device 66 expediently extends continuously over the entire length of the collecting space 8 , the cross section of which can also be changed in the open state.

Referring to FIGS. 23 through 25, the scraper means 50 may also have one of a displaceable to the other end of the collecting space 8 Räumschieber 70 and a plurality of movable over sections Räumschieber may be by which the foreign substances from the closed sludge tube 8 pushed out. Referring to FIG. 23 is within or in the central axis of Sam melraumes 8 a spindle 71 as a threaded spindle rotatably mounted, which toggle a support 73 for the slide 70 in the manner of a spindle nut and forth slidably bears. The carrier 73 is secured against the collecting space 8 by a rotation lock 72 against rotation with the spindle 71 . The carrier 73 carries a cam which is longitudinally displaceable and engages in a longitudinal groove on the inside of the collecting space 8 . The slider 70 is ver on the outer circumference in the manner described with reference to FIG. 19 with a structure or bristles and forms a cross-section of the collecting space 8 which completely fills up. The slide 70 is expediently pivoted on the carrier 73 in such a way that it releases part of this cross section on the return stroke, but automatically returns to its stop-limited clearing position during the clearing stroke.

The wiper or slide 70 according to FIG. 25 is designed in the manner of a pot piston and is attached to the end of a reciprocating piston rod 71 . The piston 70 is expediently made of flexible and / or elastically resilient material, so that it can abut with a prestress on the inner surface of the collecting space 8 .

Referring to FIG. 26, the intermediate boundaries 25 are cross-flow direction thereby to Strö in opposite directions Move bar that it comprises a belt formed by an endlessly circulating traction member respectively. The support body 61 , 62 are formed by rotatably mounted deflections, of which at least one is toroidally driven, so that in the area of adjacent inter mediate limits 25 each band side alternately forms two guide surfaces 26 , 27 . The intermediate boundaries 25 are provided horizontally and the running direction 74 is selected such that the lower guide surface 26 rotates the associated next deflection 61 , 62 each from this, while the Leitflä surface 27 rests on the circumference of the deflection, so that gases or air be pressed out. To remove the guiding surfaces 26 , 27 from the foreign substances, wipers which are constantly in contact can also be provided, which, for. B. are formed by the panels 31 , 32 .

When the deflections 61 , 62 rotate, the foreign matter detaches from the guide surfaces 26 and sinks down into the collecting funnel 34 of the collecting spaces 8 , two of which are provided laterally in the area of a sink and riser. The respective funnel 34 or the associated transition opening 47 is approximately vertically directly below half of the area of the associated group of deflections 61 and 62 , in which the foreign substances detach. A collecting space 8 will run on the outside from the belt 25 , so that foreign matter flows in less from a deflection 62 than the other collecting space 8 . On the outside of the first-mentioned collecting space 8 , the belt 25 moves upwards to a first uppermost deflection 62 , between which and the opposite deflection 61 the uppermost Zwischenbe boundary 25 is formed.

All of the training courses described can be on the same Separators can be provided individually or several times. The called properties such as dimensions, orientations and the like. can, depending on the requirements, exactly as described, in provided substantially or approximately or more deviating his.

Claims (13)

1. Foreign matter separator ( 1 ) for separating foreign matter from media, for example lubricating oil, with at least one collecting space ( 8 ) for receiving directly from we at least one separation chamber ( 4 ) via at least one foreign matter transfer ( 46 ) separated foreign matter and with means for discharging separated foreign matter from at least one collecting space ( 8 ), characterized by means ( 10 ) for retaining at least a part of foreign matter present in at least one collecting space ( 8 ) against back-mixing in a medium present in a separating chamber ( 4 ), in particular when foreign matter is discharged and / or when there is a flow movement in the area of the foreign matter transfer ( 46 ). 2. A separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining means ( 10 ) have an at least partial closure of a collecting space ( 8 ) with respect to a separating chamber ( 4 ) in the region of a transition ( 46 ) or the like. That in particular a transition ( 46 ) in plan view in a direction approximately as large as a Ab-separation chamber (4) or in a thereto transverse Rich tung substantially less than a separation chamber (4), and that preferably a separation chamber (4) oblique to the overflow (46) leading impurity -Leitflä Chen ( 26 , 27 , 44 , 45 ) and / or a transition ( 46 ) or a collecting space ( 8 ) of at least one, guide surfaces ( 45 ) forming, bottom wall ( 34 ) from a separation chamber ( 4 ) is flanked . 3. A separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a collecting space ( 8 ) is narrowly channel-shaped, that in particular an overflow ( 46 ) has a smaller width or a smaller passage cross section than a collecting space ( 8 ) and that preferably a collecting space ( 8 ) forms the deepest area of a separation chamber ( 4 ) and / or that only a single effective collecting space ( 8 , 9 ) is provided in cross-section in the vertical direction. 4. A separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a closure ( 42 ) for a transition ( 46 ) delimits at least one via opening ( 47 ) and / or at least one to over ( 46 ) leading guide surface ( 26 , 44 , 45 ) forms that in particular a closure ( 42 ) is elongated and provided in cross section with at least two profile leg surfaces ( 44 ) and that preferably a closure ( 42 ) transversely to the longitudinal direction of a collecting space ( 8 ) between a retention and in a release position and / or with at least one end face along a standing end boundary ( 32 ) of a separation chamber ( 4 ). 5. A separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a collecting space in the Rückhaltezu stood at its, a transition ( 46 ) forming, upper side is at least partially covered opposite a Abscheidekam mer ( 4 ) that in particular a collecting space ( 8 ) in the restrained state, a channel which is substantially fluid-tight with respect to its separating chamber ( 4 ) over its length or its circumference, or which can be exposed at least at one end to the full inside width, and that preferably the discharge means ( 50 ) is an overpressure flushing, at least one along the Collection space movable clearing slide ( 70 ), mechanical sediment loosener ( 66 ) or the like. Have. 6. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that foreign matter settling and guiding surfaces ( 26 , 27 , 44 , 45 ) are provided, which foreign matter essentially exclusively by means of the flow flow of the medium or gravity and free of liability Feed the collecting space ( 8 ) that, in particular, the guide surfaces ( 26 , 27 , 44 , 45 ) have a gradient of more than 5 ° to 30 ° or 40 ° and that preferably multiple overlapping shelves ( 25 ) or flat channels ( 28 ) with different slopes and / or steeply directed against the collecting space ( 8 ) guide surfaces ( 26 , 27 ) are provided. 7. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a separation chamber ( 4 ) one above the other and / or adjacent, from an inlet chamber ( 6 ) in a flow direction to an outlet chamber ( 7 ) substantially laminar flow through separation channels ( 28 ) it is provided that in particular transversely to the direction of flow in the flow of the medium, an oblique transverse and lower discharge of heavier foreign substances to the collecting space ( 8 ) and / or a transverse and rising discharge of specifically lighter foreign substances, such as gases, is provided and that preferably at min at least one longitudinal side of at least one Abscheidekana les ( 28 ) an approximately over its length foreign matter outlet opening ( 36 , 37 ) is provided, the passage width is narrowed compared to the associated channel or is designed as a throttle cross-section. 8. A separator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two separation chambers ( 4 ) are seen next to one another transversely to the flow direction and / or are assigned to a common collecting space ( 8 ) with a slope directed towards one another, in particular that at least two separation chambers ( 4 ) against cross currents essentially against each other and / or connected to a common entry or exit chamber ( 6 , 7 ) and that preference, guide surfaces ( 26 , 27 , 45 ; 44 ) are inclined towards or away from each other and / or an intermediate wall ( 41 ) is provided between them, which is preferably mounted such that it can be raised and lowered or carries a closure ( 42 ) at the lower end. 9. A separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one intermediate floor ( 25 ) of a separation chamber ( 4 ) on at least one end edge overflowed by the medium is at most as thick in cross section as in the area between the end edges, in particular that at least an intermediate floor ( 25 ) forms essentially a thin layer of approximately constant material thickness, essentially free of transverse bends to the flow direction, and that preferably at least one intermediate floor ( 25 ) on a higher longitudinal edge ( 38 ) upwards and / or substantially over its entire surface extent or is angled downward at a lower longitudinal edge ( 39 ). 10. A separator, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one intermediate floor ( 25 ) is secured against lowering by tension and / or is profiled deviating from the flat shape, in particular that at least one intermediate floor ( 25 ) made of a flexible layer material , such as plastic film or the like. There is and that preferably several intermediate floors ( 25 ) are provided on a unit which can be exchanged as a whole or can be tensioned together and / or that at least one guide body ( 25 ) is secured in position such that in particular at least one Guide body ( 25 ) can be tensioned by winding and that preferably at least one guide body ( 25 ) with a vibrating device in its pulling direction and / or transversely to its guide surface is to be set in vibration. 11. A separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a media inlet ( 3 ) for a separating or inlet chamber ( 4 , 21 ) has flow-calming means ( 17 ) that in particular at least one standing only in the uppermost area of a separating chamber ( 4 ) and from above to below their medium operating level ( 20 ) reaching inlet channel ( 17 ) is provided and that preferably an upper end of a Zulaufka channel ( 17 ) as an overflow to a surrounding inlet cyclone ( 15 ) is connected, the operating level ( 18 ) of which is above that of a settling chamber ( 4 ) and / or that a lower end of an inlet channel ( 17 ) reaching at most half the level of the media filling into an at least partially below the operating level ( 20 ) a separation chamber ( 4 ) lying inlet channel ( 21 ) opens out, which at only one end to an entry chamber ( 6 ) open or opposite a separation chamber ( 4 ) in the w flowed in the opposite direction. 12. A separator, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one substantially standing foreign matter sieve ( 30 ) or the like is assigned to an inlet of a separation chamber ( 4 ), in particular that a sieve ( 30 ) has a plurality of separation channels ( 28 ) is assigned together and / or is approximately in the plane of an inlet opening ( 29 ) of at least one separating channel ( 28 ) and that preferably a sieve ( 30 ) with at least one outer edge on at least one lateral flow orifice ( 31 , 32 ) of a separating channel ( 28 ) and / or as a coalescent body for joining together the finest liquid droplets to form larger liquid drops. 13. Separator, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one separating channel ( 28 ) on at least one side of a via at least one deflection ( 61 , 62 ) movable Wan extension ( 25 ) is limited, that in particular several Ab canals ( 28 ) in cross section on opposite sides by a between side deflections ( 61 , 62 ) back and forth endless belt ( 25 ) be limited and that preferably for rising foreign substances, squeezing surfaces and / or scrapers are provided.