DE4335934A1 - Method of protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and silvicultural plant species against pests - Google Patents

Method of protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and silvicultural plant species against pests

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Publication number
DE4335934A1
DE4335934A1 DE4335934A DE4335934A DE4335934A1 DE 4335934 A1 DE4335934 A1 DE 4335934A1 DE 4335934 A DE4335934 A DE 4335934A DE 4335934 A DE4335934 A DE 4335934A DE 4335934 A1 DE4335934 A1 DE 4335934A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
horticultural
agricultural
seeds
plant species
seed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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DE4335934A
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German (de)
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EPPERLEIN KLAUS DR
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EPPERLEIN KLAUS DR
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Priority to DE4335934A priority Critical patent/DE4335934A1/en
Publication of DE4335934A1 publication Critical patent/DE4335934A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Depending on the size, a hole is drilled into the storage tissue of the seeds to be treated. An officially recommended rate of the pesticide to be used is then introduced into the hole, and, after the substance introduced has dried, the seed is sewn. Using the insecticide imidacloprid as an example, it was shown that this method offers successful protection against infestation by the blackberry aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.).

Description

Bei der Aussaat von Samen werden diese in der Regel im Keimmedium Erde nach der Quellung einer Vielzahl schädlicher Pilze, Bakterien oder Insekten ausgesetzt. Die sich der Keimpflanzenentwicklung anschließende Jugendphase stellt ebenfalls eine kritische Entwick­ lungsetappe dar, in der eine Reihe von Schadorganismen die Pflanzen schädigen oder vernichten.When sowing seeds, they are usually planted in the germ medium after the Exposure to a variety of harmful fungi, bacteria or insects. Who the Seedling development subsequent youth phase also represents a critical development stage in which a number of harmful organisms damage the plants or destroy.

Die bisherige Form des Schutzes vor Schaderregern war die Behandlung des Feldes oder der Saatfurche mit Pestiziden.The previous form of protection against pests was the treatment of the field or the Furrow with pesticides.

Eine zweite Möglichkeit des Schutzes des keimenden Samens und der Jungpflanze stellte die Saatgutumhüllung mittels eines geeigneten Beizmittels dar.A second possibility of protecting the germinating seed and the young plant was the Seed coating by means of a suitable dressing agent.

Alle Verfahren bergen ökologische und toxikologische Risiken, da es sich immer um einen mehr oder minder schweren Eingriff in das Agroökosystem handelt.All processes involve ecological and toxicological risks, since they are always one more or less serious intervention in the agro-ecosystem.

Aus diesen Zusammenhängen leitet sich die Aufgabe her, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, welches bei optimalen Schutz der sich entwickelnden Pflanze keine oder eine sehr geringe Umweltkontamination von Pflanzenschutzmitteln aufweist.The task to develop a process is derived from these relationships, which with optimal protection of the developing plant no or very little Has environmental contamination of crop protection products.

Eigene Untersuchungen zur Schadwirkung des Bohnensamenkäfers Bruchus rufimanus Bohem. zeigten, daß im Gegensatz zur Lehrbuchmeinung der Fraß der Larven sich kaum keimungshemmend auswirkt (EPPERLEIN, 1992), sondern einige Eigenschaften des Saat­ gutes sogar verbessert werden. Die Larven bohren sich nach der Eientwicklung in ein Keim­ blatt des sich entwickelnden Samens ein und nagen hier eine zylinderförmige Höhlung. Da diese offensichtliche Beschädigung sich in der Regel nicht negativ auf das Keimverhalten und die Jungpflanzenentwicklung auswirkte, wurde getestet, was die Etablierung eines Pflanzen­ schutzmittels in ein solches Loch bewirkt.Own studies on the harmful effects of the bean seed beetle Bruchus rufimanus Bohem. showed that, contrary to the textbook opinion, the larvae hardly eat germicidal effects (EPPERLEIN, 1992), but some properties of the seed good even be improved. The larvae burrow into a germ after egg development leaf of the developing seed and gnaw a cylindrical cavity here. There this obvious damage usually does not adversely affect the germination behavior and The young plant development impacted was tested as to the establishment of a plant protective agent in such a hole.

In Versuchsreihen wurden zunächst am Beispiel Mais (Einkeimblättler) und Ackerbohne (Zweikeimblättler) die prinzipielle Eignung des ersten Schrittes, Anbringen eines Loches an geeigneter Stelle der Samen untersucht. Dabei erreichten Samen mit Loch ähnliche Keimfä­ higkeits- und Feldaufgangswerte wie Samen ohne Loch.In a series of experiments, maize (single germ leaflet) and field bean were first used (Dual germ leaflet) the general suitability of the first step, making a hole appropriate place of the seeds examined. Seeds with holes reached similar germs Skill and field emergence values like seeds without a hole.

In einem zweiten Schritt zeigte es sich, daß geeignete Insektizide (Gaucho-Wirkstoff Imidacloprid und Promet-Wirkstoff Furathiocarb) im Loch, eingelagert in einer Menge a.i., die der amtlichen Empfehlung bzw. der des Herstellers entsprach, die o.g. Eigenschaften ebenfalls nicht negativ beeinflußten.In a second step, it was found that suitable insecticides (Gaucho active ingredient Imidacloprid and Promet active ingredient furathiocarb) in the hole, stored in a quantity a.i., that corresponded to the official recommendation or that of the manufacturer, the above properties also not adversely affected.

In sich anschließenden Prüfungen erwies sich der beschriebene Vorgehensweg auch gangbar bei der Bekämpfung von Schadinsekten der Jungpflanze (Blattläuse).In subsequent tests, the procedure described was also practicable in the control of insect pests of the young plant (aphids).

Dazu wurde unter kontrollierten Licht- und Klimabedingungen an unbehandelten und behandelte Ackerbohnen Läuse der Art Acyrthosiphon pisum (HARRIS) und an Mais Läuse der Art Sitobion (Macrosiphum) avenae (F.) angesetzt. For this purpose, under controlled light and climatic conditions on untreated and treated broad bean lice of the species Acyrthosiphon pisum (HARRIS) and maize lice of the species Sitobion (Macrosiphum) avenae (F.).  

Während sich an den unbehandelten Pflanzen Kolonien der Tiere bildeten, mußten auf die behandelten Pflanzen alle 4 Stunden neue Blattläuse gesetzt werden. Die Mittelwirkung hielt über einen Zeitraum von 7 Tagen an.While colonies of the animals formed on the untreated plants, the treated plants with new aphids every 4 hours. The middle effect lasted over a period of 7 days.

Somit war nach der Ausbildung der Jungpflanze über einen längeren Zeitraum eine toxische Wirkung des Pflanzengewebes auf die genannten saugenden Schädlinge zu verzeichnen.Thus, after the young plant was formed, it was toxic for a long period of time Effect of plant tissue on the sucking pests mentioned.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist im Patentanspruch 2 angegeben. Es ist möglich, alle geeigneten pflanzenverträglichen Substanzen, die eine Schutzwirkung des Samens und der Keimpflanze bewirken, sowie auch Substanzen, die eine Verbesserung des Wachstums zur Folge haben, einzusetzen.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 2. It is possible all suitable plant-compatible substances that have a protective effect of Seeds and the seedling, as well as substances that improve the Result in growth.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist für die Pflanzenart Mais angegeben.An embodiment of the invention is given for the plant type maize.

Ausfürungsbeispiel MaisExample of maize

Für die Untersuchungen wurde Mais der Sorte "Bercema" verwendet.Maize "Bercema" was used for the tests.

Die Samen sind mit einem Spiralbohrer (Durchmesser 0,8 mm) 3 mm tief angebohrt worden. Anschließend wurde mit einer Spritze 1,25 mg/Korn a.i. Imidacloprid in das Loch einge­ spritzt. Die dabei verwendete Formulierung trocknete sehr schnell, so daß der Samen weiter verwandt werden konnte.The seeds were drilled 3 mm deep with a twist drill (diameter 0.8 mm). Then 1.25 mg / grain a.i. Imidacloprid inserted into the hole splashes. The formulation used dried very quickly, so that the seed continued could be used.

Berechnet wurde die Menge wie folgt:
Die Maiskörner wogen im Schnitt 0,357 g.
Eine mögliche Dosis ist 350 g a.i./dt Saatgut.
Daraus ergibt sich 350 000 mg a.i. : 100 000 g = X : 0,375 g.
The quantity was calculated as follows:
The average corn weight was 0.357 g.
A possible dose is 350 g ai / dt seed.
This results in 350,000 mg ai: 100,000 g = X: 0.375 g.

Die so vorbehandelten Maiskörner kamen dann in mit Erde gefüllte Blumentöpfe, die bei 20°C gelagert wurden.The maize kernels pretreated in this way then came into flower pots filled with soil 20 ° C were stored.

Eine Kontrolle in Form unbehandelter Maiskörner wurde zum gleichen Zeitpunkt ausgesät. Nach dem Keimen des Maises wurden die Töpfe zum Zeitpunkt des Zweiblattstadiums der Pflanzen in Blattlauszuchtkäfige gesetzt und in eine Klimaprüfkammer gegeben. Das Regime war eingestellt auf 20°C, 12 h Licht/12 h Dunkelheit und 80% rel. Luftfeuchte.A control in the form of untreated corn kernels was sown at the same time. After the germination of the corn, the pots at the time of the two-leaf stage of the Plants placed in aphid cages and placed in a climate test chamber. The regime was set at 20 ° C, 12 h light / 12 h dark and 80% rel. Humidity.

Dann wurden täglich 2 mal (8.00 Uhr und 14.00 Uhr) 5 Blatt­ läuse/Maispflanze auf nicht mit Blattläusen besetzte Pflanzen gegeben. Während auf den unbehandelten Kontrollpflanzen sich die Blattläuse gut entwickelten, fielen von den behandel­ ten Pflanzen die Tiere immer wieder ab und starben.Then 2 sheets a day (8 a.m. and 2 p.m.) became 5 sheets Lice / corn plant placed on plants not populated with aphids. While on the untreated control plants, the aphids developed well, fell from the treated Planted the animals again and again and died.

Somit ist zu schlußfolgern, daß die beschrieben Methode eine Alternative zu "Klassischen Pflanzenschutzmaßnahmen" darstellt.It can therefore be concluded that the method described is an alternative to "classical Plant protection measures ".

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zum Schutz von Samen landwirtschaftlicher, gärtnerischer und forstwirtschaftli­ cher Pflanzenarten vor Schadorganismen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Speichergewebe der Samen Pflanzenschutzmittel eingelagert werden.1. A method for protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and forestry plant species against harmful organisms, characterized in that pesticides are stored in storage tissue of the seeds. 2. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Samen angebohrt und das entstandene Loch mit Pflanzenschutzmittel verfüllt wird, wobei die Wirkstoffmenge a.i. je nach Samenart so zu bemessen ist, daß sie die maximal amtlich zulässige Höchstmenge nicht überschreitet.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the seed is drilled and the hole created is filled with pesticides, the amount of active ingredient a.i. depending on the type of seed, that it does not exceed the maximum officially permissible maximum quantity.
DE4335934A 1993-10-21 1993-10-21 Method of protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and silvicultural plant species against pests Withdrawn DE4335934A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4335934A DE4335934A1 (en) 1993-10-21 1993-10-21 Method of protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and silvicultural plant species against pests

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4335934A DE4335934A1 (en) 1993-10-21 1993-10-21 Method of protecting seeds of agricultural, horticultural and silvicultural plant species against pests

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DE4335934A1 true DE4335934A1 (en) 1995-04-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102986334A (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-03-27 遵义县虾子辣椒专业合作社 Preservation method of corn seeds

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102986334A (en) * 2012-12-13 2013-03-27 遵义县虾子辣椒专业合作社 Preservation method of corn seeds
CN102986334B (en) * 2012-12-13 2015-04-22 遵义县虾子辣椒专业合作社 Preservation method of corn seeds

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