DE4319864A1 - Organic fertiliser prodn. appts. - comprises immersed mixing and aerating combination with protective housing, for immersion in liq. for fermentation - Google Patents

Abstract

The appts. is immersed in a natural or artificial liq. substrate in a supply tank for fermentation and aeration. The appts. has a main assembly or a housing for protecting the overhead motor (1) and a connected mixing device consisting of a speed reducing unit (2), an external propeller (3) and an aeration assembly with an extended aeration tube (4), an aeration chamber (5), a test valve (6), an aeration rotor (7), a lubricated shaft, a central air inlet through an opening and a side outlet for the foam, connected to the suspension assembly which consists of a catamaran attached to the rim by a flexible steel wire, on which an electrical conductor is suspended. A motion and position control desk is located at the rim. A fastening device (15) is mounted for vertical displacement on the extension of the aeration tube (4) and the slope, position and direction of the main assembly can be adjusted. ADVANTAGE - Appts. provides homogenisation and aeration of liq. substrates with up to 10% solids and down to 3 m. depth, using atmos. air pressure and cooperative action of a mixer and an aerator combined as a single assembly.

Description

Through modern, automated agriculture, the intensive animal husbandry possible, but this also caused as As a result of the separation of the working areas the restricted Return of the fertilizer to the soil with the interruption of the natural cycle and the ecological problems for the Acreage. The supply of artificial fertilizers at Cultivation without returning organic matter to the soil In retrospect, it didn't bring the expected results, it did caused negative influences on the crop yield, as well as on the Soil health and conservation caused by intensive Use and increase in costs for raw materials and energy. That's why agriculture is forced to focus on traditional To reflect principles, d. H. for a healthy and natural To care for soil by reintroducing animal manure, so that the cycle of organic substances starts again. An important reason for this change of opinion at Plant fertilization was the discovery that the root cells were not absorb only nutrients from inorganic alkaline solutions, but that the cell membranes are also long chains of organic Can absorb and process molecules and that even Components of living substances can be processed directly without the expensive treatment of energetic mineralization and its to go through synthetic renewal.

With mineral fertilization, large amounts of nitrate are added to the soil introduced with the consequence of higher osmotic pressure, whereby the Plant absorbing uncontrolled amounts of nitrogen with harmful Implications for plant health, such as loss of Reproduction, low shelf life of the product and decrease in biological quality (loss of taste and smell recognizable). The result is useless cultures through excessive use of mineral fertilizers and from them resulting in an imbalance on the cultivated areas. The metabolic processes run very differently when the Nitrogen is packaged in organic form, such as. B. in the Humus chain, whereby the plant, depending on its growth phase, the time of day and the temperature and humidity of the soil Nitrogen can take up until the secreted by the roots Substances by the surrounding microflora the development of Mitigate minerals and nitrates from the nitrogen, starting of organic compounds, the - formation of protein substances  effect in the plant in a harmonious way. This happens on the basis of the complex exchange of nutrients between healthy plants of high biological quality, resulting in a A series of healthy nutrients for the circulatory system arise and a Growth beyond the norm is difficult, if not impossible becomes.

The natural supply of nutrients creates a healthy soil ahead and has its basis in the slow, steady and harmonious supply of the required nutrients in organic Complexes with previous preparation of the substances. Around this way the return to organic fertilizer on natural To reach ways, the fertilizer should be treated biologically, to get good quality soil, with the decrease of Odor effect is controllable and constant pumpable Liquid ratios and a high proportion of nutrients Components is achieved.

Such results can be achieved by some known methods achieve:

• 1. Pre-fermentation of solid manure consisting of solid manure Distinguishes consistency and firm bonds of nutrients; without the losses resulting from the problems of fermentation and limitation of soil capacity result, particularly on sensitive properties occur, d. H. Orchards, kitchen gardens, Calf pastures, crops for medicinal plants or the like. For large estates, however, this procedure requires a high one Energy consumption for compost heap and transportation.
• 2. Post-fermentation of solid manure with straw or others Cellulose substances mixed; this method leads to difficulties during fermentation when the fertilizers only the soil are fed and they cause losses during processing and complex work processes.
• 3. Uncontrolled fermentation in the manure heap without processing; the control of the composition, the reaction and the compensation according to the requirements of the soil is not given.
• 4. Processing liquid manure; this is procedure difficult because of exact guidelines for editing weak nitrogen bonds must be taken into account.
• 5. Other procedures from those mentioned above derived or combined.

The arable and livestock colony in Witmarsum in the state of Paraná in the south of Brazil, more functional at the stage Understanding further development had its own guidelines for the  Handling of liquid fertilizer defined and this led to the type of storage, often associated with difficulties Pumping, to the strict characteristic smell when spraying. The uncontrolled fermentation promotes the emergence highly toxic intermediates, d. H. unusual connections and nitrites, which have a harmful effect on the root systems, so that only the most resistant plants survive, e.g. B. the species "Cariven". In addition, the untreated fertilizer adheres firmly to the Plants and thereby prevents breathing, it also clogs the Soil the surface pores for air exchange, sells due to the strong smell of the sulfur and ammonia compounds the earthworms and the grazing animals that are looking for better air conditions and it is even a transition from forage plants to more resistant, broad-leaved Weeds, such as B. green "amaranth". A greater dilution could mitigate the harmful process, however, causes transportation problems. The careful processing of aerated fertilizer requires one with a manual or electric agitator produced mixture of water and manure in an approximate ratio of 1: 1 that at sunset under Use of the daily amount of liquid manure in the pit is prepared. During the night, the sand settles on the floor off, the straw and other residues begin to swim and the liquid manure becomes liquid like mud. The floating straw will removed and composted with lime in a separate process and the remaining substrate is in the ventilation and Fermentation tank transported to the pit for a new filling free.

The patents PI 8105262 and PI 8807017 treat in this way a "submersible ventilation apparatus for the homogenization of liquid ingredients for the production of organic fertilizer " and an "Improved apparatus for the production of organic Fertilizer ", both of which also developed in the Witmarsum colony were, the improvement of which is the subject of the present Is with significant change in their properties and the results achieved with the proposed solution.

The improved device for the production of organic Fertilizer, the subject of this privilege, proposes Homogenization and aeration of liquid substrates with up to 10% Solids and to a depth of 3 meters in front, this under Use of atmospheric air pressure or other process gases and consisting of the mixing device and the aerator, both closed united in one assembly and jointly the proposed Executing functions.

The invention is illustrated by the description below understandable and it is, for the purpose of clarification, under Reference to the accompanying illustrations, which are essential  Part of this document are, set out and them may be design changes or small changes Show improvements without this being the fundamental Principle of the invention in construction and operation changed, shown here accordingly:

Fig. 1 side view of the assembly, in the working position, with a movable main assembly, suspended from a catamaran and immersed in the fermentation or processing tank;

Fig. 2 front view of the same assembly as shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 schematic individual view of the main assembly in cross section;

Fig. 4 schematic individual view of the main assembly in longitudinal section;

Fig. 5 Scheme of the aerator, which shows the position of the motor assembly;

Fig. 6 is sectional view of the internal structure of the aerator;

Fig. 7 top view of the assembled unit;

Fig. 8 detail of the movement carried out with the catamaran assembled;

Fig. 9 detail of the system when using two catamarans;

Fig. 10 Detail of the system and the structure carried out when using fixed catamarans in a series arrangement.

The main problem, depending on the state of the art, as in the previous patents have been related to use separate units for the generation of ventilation and Homogenization, and thus the separation of these functions. As in PI 8105262 has been described and this opens up new ones Ideas for the procedure and leads to special Requirements. The homogenization or mixing is carried out by the hydraulic impulse of a propeller executed with efficiency at low speed and turbulence, whereas the ventilation with high turbulence and high gravity is carried out, d. H. For the diffusion of the gases to enter the liquid is Different pressure generation required. Such different requirements for the procedure make the separate adjustment of an aerator and a mixer necessary, what in the proposed solution in PI 8807017 with a single Assembly, with the effective execution of both functions, solved  has been. In PI 8807017 the movement of the module was also provided by a transport trolley, with which a sensitive, functional improvement with free orientation of the Main assembly in the vertical axis was introduced to better Functional conditions, efficiency and better product results too achieve.

As the basis of its constructive principle, the device itself has an immersed motor ( 1 ) in the upper part of the main group, which continues at the bottom into the mixing device, which consists of a reduction gear ( 2 ) and a propeller ( 3 ), and furthermore a ventilation assembly, which consists of a ventilation pipe ( 4 ), a ventilation chamber ( 5 ), a test valve ( 6 ) and a ventilation rotor ( 7 ) and finally a lubricated shaft ( 10 ), in the central opening of which the air outlet ( 8 ) is located.

The density of the foamy liquid in the technique described is in a ratio of 1: 1000 and since there is no hydraulic element that would work effectively under these conditions, the physical separation of the two functions of the device (mixer and aerator) is made appropriate Elements achieved to minimize the required power and to ensure that the introduction of air (gas) has a large reaction surface. The ventilation device, consisting of the individual parts ( 4 ) to ( 10 ), is responsible for the radial, outward acceleration without angular momentum of the substrate until the centrifugal force acting on the valve ( 6 ) clears the passage of air, causing the liquid to pass through Suction in tube ( 4 ) and chamber ( 5 ) occurs. The substrate enters through the lower cover ( 9 ) and exits saturated through the lateral outlets surrounding the rotor ( 7 ) and is partially distributed by the propeller ( 3 ). To improve the efficiency of the device, the rotor ( 7 ) is attached to a lubricated shaft. The suspension of the device consists of the lower retaining bolt, connected to a square profile tube and a joint head, in motion guided by a clamp with cardan suspension, which in turn is connected to the impacting assembly, which consists of a hand crank with pawl and a handle Stainless steel is used to transmit the vertical movement of the carriage and to incline the mixing and ventilation device by means of a spherical support element as a joint, which allows movements up to three degrees to adjust the position and direction, combined with that provided on the upper part of the ventilation pipe Handwheel or handle.

This order is to be rejected if it is necessary Adaptability in construction and versatility lacks. In addition to the necessary civil engineering measures for the tank  the device requires a suspension with brackets on the edge and at the bottom of the tank, giving the mixing and Ventilation device for vertical displacement and inclination is restricted. To the efficiency and functioning too improve, combined with a lighter assembly and Lighter structure of the device, a system for suspension the mixing and ventilation device developed, which on one Catamaran is attached and complete movements in everyone Location and situation within the tank in the to be processed Allows material and the need for attachment to the side walls of the tank as this is problematic for Mixing and homogenization is.

In order to achieve these goals, the mixing and ventilation device has a suspension which consists of a catamaran ( 11 ) which is attached to the edge by means of a flexible steel wire ( 12 ) on which an electrical line ( 13 ) is suspended is where a control panel ( 14 ) for movement and position is arranged, furthermore with a fastening device ( 15 ) which is mounted vertically displaceably on the extension of the ventilation pipe ( 4 ) and enables the inclination and adjustment of the position and direction of the main assembly.

The automatic, lateral guidance of the catamaran ( 11 ) is carried out by the position of the lever ( 16 ) in two positions, fixed and adapted, which allows the run change of the assembly through the previously set angle, which by the attachment of the chain ( 17 ) and Arrangement of the attachment with respect to the center ( 18 ) of the catamaran.

The direction of travel of the assembly is determined by the connection of the wire ( 24 ) which is attached to the catamaran and to the roller ( 20 ), the roller being arranged on a guide wire ( 21 ) which is attached to the edge, the barrel the role is limited by the stops ( 19 ). This stops the run when it reaches the stop ( 19 ) arranged on the wire ( 21 ) and thus causes a change in the initial run each time.

The vertical adjustment of the ventilation and mixing device in relation to the catamaran ( 11 ) is done by the drive and the attachment to the tube ( 4 ), guided by the attachment devices ( 15 ) and the steel wire ( 22 ) by means of the pawl lock ( 23 ) , which is attached to the upper part of the catamaran ( 11 ).

The device works with complete immersion Freedom of movement within the storage tank for ventilation and Fermentation of liquid substrates and ensures the Processing to fertilizers with the following advantages:  constant homogenization to achieve a biological degradable product, free of toxic components, not flammable, free of harmful smells, anytime on any pasture usable, immediate tolerance for the pasture fauna and without Loss of active soil, considerable reduction in Nitrogen in organic, rain insoluble bond, low Viscosity, direct soil absorption, increase in natural Microflora, savings from the lack of expensive chemical Additions, increase the breeding quality through the inclusion natural cycles by restoring the soil for Agriculture and animal husbandry.

Claims (3)

1. Device for the production of organic fertilizer, which works immersed in a storage tank for fermentation and aeration in a natural or artificial liquid substrate, without restriction in the attachment and arrangement, characterized by a main assembly or a housing for protecting the overhead motor ( 1 ) and an associated mixing device, consisting of a reduction gear ( 2 ), an outer propeller ( 3 ) and a ventilation assembly with an elongated ventilation pipe ( 4 ), a ventilation chamber ( 5 ), a test valve ( 6 ), a ventilation rotor ( 7 ), one Lubricated shaft ( 10 ), a central air inlet through an opening ( 8 ) and a side outlet for the foam, connected to the suspension assembly, which consists of a catamaran ( 11 ), by means of a flexible steel wire ( 12 ) to which an electrical line ( 13 ) is suspended, attached to the edge where a tax rpult ( 14 ) is arranged for movement and position, further with a fastening device ( 15 ) which is mounted vertically displaceably on the extension of the ventilation tube ( 4 ) and enables the inclination and adjustment of the position and direction of the main assembly. 2. Device fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized by a control lever ( 16 ) for changing the run of the assembly by arranging the chain ( 18 ) in relation to the center of the catamaran ( 18 ) and the wire ( 24 ) with attachment to the catamaran and the roller ( 20 ), the roller being arranged on the wire ( 21 ) with the stops ( 19 ) for ending the run. 3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by a ratchet lock ( 23 ) which is attached to the upper part of the catamaran ( 11 ), wherein the vertical adjustment of the ventilation and mixing device by the steel wire ( 22 ) and the tube ( 4th ), which is attached to the fastening device ( 15 ).