DE428003C - Electric furnace with an arc that revolves around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible under the influence of a magnetic field - Google Patents
Electric furnace with an arc that revolves around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible under the influence of a magnetic fieldInfo
- Publication number
- DE428003C DE428003C DEE29084D DEE0029084D DE428003C DE 428003 C DE428003 C DE 428003C DE E29084 D DEE29084 D DE E29084D DE E0029084 D DEE0029084 D DE E0029084D DE 428003 C DE428003 C DE 428003C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- influence
- arc
- magnetic field
- carbon electrode
- electric furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/18—Heating by arc discharge
- H05B7/22—Indirect heating by arc discharge
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
Elektrischer Ofen mit unter dem Einfluß eines magnetischen Feldes um die zentral in den Tiegel hineinragende Kohlenelektrode kreisendem Lichtbogen. Die Erfbdüng bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Ofen, bei welchem ein Lichtbogen unter dem Einfluß eines magne@tisdhen Feldes um die zentral in den Tiegel hineinragende Kohlen elektrode kreist, und besteht darin, daß die Kohlenelektrode an ihrem unteren Ende einen im Verhältnis zum Tiegeldurchmesser verschwindend kleinen Durchmesser, z. B. eine Spitze, besitzt, so daß das daran, befindliche Ende des Lichtbogens fest steht und der übrige Teil sich unter dem Einfluß des magnetischen Feldes spiralig verdreht. Dies ist, wie sich herausgestellt hat, von großer Bedeutung für die Stabilität des Lichtbogens, den man nun auch vorteilhaft direkt-auf das zu schmelzende Metall einwirken lassen kann. Der Umfang, die Länge und die Spannung des Bogens können lüerbei vergrößert werden, das Metall wird gleichmäßiger .erhitzt, und der Wirkungsgrad des Ofens wird erhöht.Electric furnace with under the influence of a magnetic field around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible. The invention relates to an electric furnace using an electric arc under the influence of a magnetic field around the one projecting centrally into the crucible Carbon electrode circles, and consists in that the carbon electrode at its lower Ends with a diameter that is vanishingly small in relation to the crucible diameter, z. B. has a tip, so that the end of the arc located thereon firmly stands and the remaining part spirals under the influence of the magnetic field twisted. It has been found that this is of great importance for stability of the arc, which can now also be advantageously applied directly to the metal to be melted can act. The girth, length and tension of the bow can be When enlarged, the metal is heated more evenly, and so is the efficiency of the furnace is increased.
Die Zeichnung stellt zwei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dar. Abb. i zeigt einen Ofen mit unabhängig brennendem und sich drehendem Lichtbogen über Metall. i ist ein Graphittiegel oder ein Schmelztiegel aus anderem Material, welches den elektrischen Strom gut leitet; er ist von einem feuerbeständigen Mauenrerk 2 umgeben. Der Tiegel bildet die eine Elektrode des Lichtbogens, welcher zwischen, der Wand des Tiegels und einer zentral angeordneten Kohlenelektrode 3 brennet. Unter dem Einfluß des senkrechten magnetischen Feldes, welches durch 'die Spule 4. erzeugt wird, bewegt sich der Lichtbögen in kreiselförmiger Bewegung über der Oberfläche des zu schmelzenden Metallei und 'bildet ein trichterförmiges Flammenbündel. Die Spule 4., welche mit der Kohle 3 in derselben Achse liegt, kann entweder außen freiliegen oder eingemauert sein. Der Ofen kann mit Gleichstrom oder mit Einphasenwechselstram arbeiten, und die Spule kann bei Gleichstrom mit dem Lichtbogen parallel- oder hintereinandergeschaltet werden. Bei Wechselstrom hat man nur Hintereinanderschaltung.The drawing shows two embodiments of the invention. Fig. i shows a furnace with an independently burning and rotating arc Metal. i is a graphite crucible or a crucible made of other material, which conducts electricity well; it is from a fire-resistant brickwork 2 surround. The crucible forms one electrode of the arc, which is between, the wall of the crucible and a centrally arranged carbon electrode 3 is burning. Under the influence of the perpendicular magnetic field generated by the coil 4 the arc moves in a gyratory motion over the surface of the metal to be melted and 'forms a funnel-shaped flame beam. the Coil 4., which is in the same axis as the carbon 3, can either be exposed on the outside or be walled in. The furnace can be operated with direct current or with single-phase alternating current work, and the coil can be connected in parallel or in series with the arc in the case of direct current will. With alternating current you only have to connect in series.
Bei der Ausführung der Abb.2 ist die Schmelzzone i mit feuerbeständigem Material umkleidet, z. B. Dolomit, Magnesit, Schamotte o. d-gl. Die zu schmelzenden Stoffe stehen mit einer unteren, im Ofen eingemauerten Elektrode 2' in Verbindung, an welche sich eine elektrische Leitung anschließt. Der elektrische Lichtbogen bildet sich zwischen dem zu schmelzenden Material und der Kohlenelektrode 3 aus.In the execution of Fig.2, the melting zone i is fire-resistant Covered material, e.g. B. dolomite, magnesite, chamotte o. D-gl. The ones to be melted Substances are in contact with a lower electrode 2 'built into the furnace, to which an electrical line is connected. The electric arc forms between the material to be melted and the carbon electrode 3.
Unter dem Einfluß des maänetischen Feldes der Spule 4, welche auch aus mehreren Spulen bestehen. kann, bewegt sich der Lichtbogen über der Oberfläche des Materials hin. Die Spule ,1 ist konzentrisch zur Kahlenelektrode angeordnet und kann außen freiliegen oder eingemauert sein. Bei Gleichstrom liegt die Spule parallel oder hintereinander mit dem Lichtbogen, bei Wechselstrom nur hintereinander. Falls der Ofen mit Dreiphasenstrom arbeitet, müssen drei bewegliche Elektroden angeordnet sein, dagegen nur eine Spule, welche nur mit einer Phase hintereinandergescha,itet wird.Under the influence of the maänetic field of the coil 4, which also consist of several coils. the arc moves across the surface of the material. The coil 1 is arranged concentrically to the bald electrode and can be exposed or walled in on the outside. In the case of direct current, the coil lies parallel or one behind the other with the arc, with alternating current only one after the other. If the furnace works with three-phase current, three movable electrodes must be placed be, on the other hand only one coil, which is connected with only one phase one behind the other will.
Das Anwendungsgebiet ist folgendes: Die Ausführung der Abb. i ersetzt einen Tiegelofen zum Schmelzen von Metallen, wie Bronze, Messing, Aluminium u. dgl. und dient insbesondere für den Guß kleiner Gegenstände (Fassongießerei). Die Ausführung nach Abb. 2 kann für Stahlschmelzung verwendet werden, beispielsweise zur Herstellung verschiedener Sorten von Werkzeugstahl, weichem Stahlguß u. dgl. .The area of application is as follows: The execution of Fig. I replaces a crucible furnace for melting metals such as bronze, brass, aluminum and the like. and is used in particular for the casting of small objects (molding foundry). Execution according to Fig. 2 can be used for steel melting, for example for production various grades of tool steel, soft cast steel and the like.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEE29084D DE428003C (en) | 1923-02-24 | 1923-02-24 | Electric furnace with an arc that revolves around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible under the influence of a magnetic field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEE29084D DE428003C (en) | 1923-02-24 | 1923-02-24 | Electric furnace with an arc that revolves around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible under the influence of a magnetic field |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE428003C true DE428003C (en) | 1926-04-20 |
Family
ID=7073729
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEE29084D Expired DE428003C (en) | 1923-02-24 | 1923-02-24 | Electric furnace with an arc that revolves around the carbon electrode projecting centrally into the crucible under the influence of a magnetic field |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE428003C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1093926B (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1960-12-01 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Device for deflecting the arc in a vacuum arc furnace |
| DE1219141B (en) * | 1962-09-24 | 1966-06-16 | Union Carbide Corp | Method and apparatus for melting electrically conductive material |
| DE2530740A1 (en) * | 1974-07-23 | 1976-02-12 | Asea Ab | ARC FURNACE FURNISHED BY DIRECT CURRENT |
| DE2544137A1 (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1976-04-15 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT |
| DE2558879A1 (en) * | 1975-01-14 | 1976-07-15 | Asea Ab | ARC FURNACE ARC FURNACE ARRANGEMENT |
-
1923
- 1923-02-24 DE DEE29084D patent/DE428003C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1093926B (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1960-12-01 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Device for deflecting the arc in a vacuum arc furnace |
| DE1219141B (en) * | 1962-09-24 | 1966-06-16 | Union Carbide Corp | Method and apparatus for melting electrically conductive material |
| DE2530740A1 (en) * | 1974-07-23 | 1976-02-12 | Asea Ab | ARC FURNACE FURNISHED BY DIRECT CURRENT |
| DE2544137A1 (en) | 1974-10-02 | 1976-04-15 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT |
| DE2560542C2 (en) * | 1974-10-02 | 1989-11-02 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | |
| DE2558879A1 (en) * | 1975-01-14 | 1976-07-15 | Asea Ab | ARC FURNACE ARC FURNACE ARRANGEMENT |
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