DE4224527A1 - Through switching of digital signals - transmitting signals in frame with eighteen bit frame identification word with more signal edges than required for synchronisation - Google Patents

Through switching of digital signals - transmitting signals in frame with eighteen bit frame identification word with more signal edges than required for synchronisation

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Publication number
DE4224527A1
DE4224527A1 DE19924224527 DE4224527A DE4224527A1 DE 4224527 A1 DE4224527 A1 DE 4224527A1 DE 19924224527 DE19924224527 DE 19924224527 DE 4224527 A DE4224527 A DE 4224527A DE 4224527 A1 DE4224527 A1 DE 4224527A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
frame
switching
identification word
digital signals
synchronisation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19924224527
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Otto Dipl Ing Kersten
Horst Dipl Ing Wild
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE19924224527 priority Critical patent/DE4224527A1/en
Publication of DE4224527A1 publication Critical patent/DE4224527A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0602—Systems characterised by the synchronising information used
    • H04J3/0605—Special codes used as synchronising signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2203/00—Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
    • H04J2203/0001—Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
    • H04J2203/0089—Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling, SONET

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Digital signals to be switched through in a coupling field are inserted into an internal pulse frame (PR). The frame (PR) contains a frame identification word (REW) whose first binary state is 0 and whose second binary state has the sequence 0 111 000 101 011 01 001. The frame (PR) is pref. made up of nine lines with 300 data words (DW) in each gap, each data word (DW) having nine bits. The identification word (REW) pref. makes up the first two data words of a frame (PR). ADVANTAGE - Guarantees optimal clock recovery and allows accurate transmission in simple method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Durchschaltung von Digitalsignalen in einem Koppelfeld.The invention relates to a method for switching of digital signals in a switching matrix.

Zur Durchschaltung von unterschiedlichen Datensignalen wird bei der "synchronen digitalen Hierarchie" (SDH) ein internes Koppelfeldsignal mit einem vorgegebenen Pulsrahmen erzeugt.For switching different data signals becomes part of the "synchronous digital hierarchy" (SDH) internal switching matrix signal with a given pulse frame generated.

Ein Verfahren zum Durchschalten von Multiplexsi­ gnalen über Cross-Connectoren ist in der deutschen Offen­ legungsschrift P 3 83 194.6 für Multiplexsignale einer ge­ ringeren Ebene beschrieben. In der 155 Mbit/s-Ebene wird das genormte Digitalsignal STM-1 übertragen, dessen Rahmen­ aufbau mit 270 Spalten von jeweils einem Byte Breite und 9 Zeilen festgelegt ist (G. 709, Fig. 2.8). Aus der älteren Anmeldung Aktenzeichen P 42 01 002.0 ist geeigneter DSM- Pulsrahmen (Digital-Signal-Multiplex) zum Durchschalten des STM-1-Signals angegeben. Um den Beginn des Pulsrahmens er­ kennen zu können, wird ein Rahmenkennungswort zu Beginn des Pulsrahmens eingefügt.A method for switching multiplex signals via cross connectors is described in German Offenlegungsschrift P 3 83 194.6 for multiplex signals of a lower level. In the 155 Mbit / s level, the standardized digital signal STM-1 is transmitted, the frame structure of which is fixed with 270 columns, each one byte wide and 9 lines (G. 709, Fig. 2.8). A suitable DSM pulse frame (digital signal multiplex) for switching the STM-1 signal is given from the older application, file number P 42 01 002.0. In order to be able to know the beginning of the pulse frame, a frame identification word is inserted at the beginning of the pulse frame.

Das Rahmenkennungswort muß genügend Signalflanken (0-1- und 1-0-Übergänge) enthalten und darf bei einer Verschie­ bung des Pulsrahmens in Verbindung mit der zu übertragenen Information kein Rahmenkennungswort vortäuschen, d. h. es soll ein guter Intersymbolabstand gewährleistet sein.The frame code word must have sufficient signal edges (0-1- and 1-0 transitions) and may be used for a different Exercise of the pulse frame in connection with that to be transmitted Information does not fake a frame password, i. H. it a good inter-symbol spacing should be guaranteed.

Aus K. Steinbuch; "Taschenbuch der Nachrichtenverarbeitung", 1962 sind auf Seite 84 und 85 "Ideale Synchronisierwörter nach Barker" angegeben und weitere "fast ideale Synchronisier­ wörter" nach Babcock. Die "Idealen Synchronisierwörter" existieren nur für drei verschiedene Wortlängen und die "nahezu Idealen" weisen für die Synchronisierung eine zu geringe Anzahl von Schrittumschlägen auf.From K. Steinbuch; "Paperback of Message Processing", 1962 on pages 84 and 85 are "Ideal synchronization words according to Barker "and other" almost ideal synchronizers  words "after Babcock. The" ideal synchronization words " exist only for three different word lengths and the "Almost ideal" assign one to the synchronization small number of crotch envelopes.

Das Problem, ein Verfahren zum Durchschalten von Datensi­ gnalen zu finden, das einen Pulsrahmen mit einem geeigne­ ten Rahmenkennungswort aufweist, wird durch den Anspruch 1 gelöst.The problem, a method of switching data si gnalen to find a pulse frame with a suitable has th frame identifier, is by claim 1 solved.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are in the Subclaims specified.

Vorteilhaft bei dem Verfahren ist die Verwendung eines Rah­ menkennungswortes, bei dem eine Verschiebung des Pulsrah­ mens um bis zu ± 16 Bits noch kein gültiges Rahmenkennungs­ wort vortäuscht. Außerdem treten 11 Signalflanken innerhalb des Rahmenkennungswortes auf, so daß eine optimale Taktrück­ gewinnung gewährleistet ist.The use of a frame is advantageous in the method name, in which a shift of the Pulsrah not yet a valid frame identifier by up to ± 16 bits word pretends. In addition, 11 signal edges occur within of the frame code word so that an optimal clock return extraction is guaranteed.

Vorteilhaft ist der dem STM-1-Rahmen ähnliche Rahmenaufbau. So stimmt die Anzahl der Zeilen überein, die Anzahl der Spal­ ten wurde erweitert, wobei eine Spalte jetzt anstelle von Bytes jedoch 9-bit-Datenwörter umfaßt. Die Wiederholrate bei­ der Rahmen beträgt 8 kHz. Das Verhältnis der Systemtakte (Bit­ takte) des STM-1-Pulsrahmens und des DSM-Pulsrahmens beträgt 4 : 5. Damit ist eine einfache Ableitung des einen Systemtak­ tes aus dem anderen möglich. In dem DSM-Pulsrahmen ist der STM-1-Pulsrahmen enthalten, so daß sich dieser - bzw. das STM-1-Multiplex-Signal - leicht in ihm unterbringen läßt.The frame structure similar to the STM-1 frame is advantageous. So the number of rows matches, the number of columns ten has been expanded, with a column now instead of However, bytes contain 9-bit data words. The repetition rate at the frame is 8 kHz. The ratio of the system clocks (bit clocks) of the STM-1 pulse frame and the DSM pulse frame 4: 5. This is a simple derivation of one system clock possible from the other. In the DSM pulse frame is the STM-1 pulse frame included, so that this - or that STM-1 multiplex signal - easily accommodated in it.

Das jeweils an ein Byte des STM-1-Signals angehängte neunte Bit läßt sich zur Datensicherung oder zur Übertragung von Zusatzdaten verwenden. Das Digitalsignal (STM-1) wird in den ersten 270 Spalten des Pulsrahmens untergebracht. Die weiteren benötigten Daten werden in den 30 zusätzlichen Spalten übertragen.The ninth appended to a byte of the STM-1 signal Bit can be used for data backup or for the transmission of Use additional data. The digital signal (STM-1) is in  the first 270 columns of the pulse frame. The Additional data is required in the 30 additional Transfer columns.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Figuren näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1 das Rahmenkennungswort und Fig. 1, the frame identifier and

Fig. 2 einen geeigneten Pulsrahmen. Fig. 2 shows a suitable pulse frame.

Datensignale werden zum Durchschalten in einen internen Pulsrahmen eingefügt. Ein geeignetes Rahmenkennungswort RKW weist die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Kombination der bi­ nären Zustände "0" und "1" auf. "0" und "1" können hierbei selbstverständlich vertauscht werden. Die Bitpositionen BP sind oberhalb des Rahmenkennungswortes angegeben.Data signals are inserted into an internal pulse frame for switching. A suitable frame identifier RKW has the combination of the binary states "0" and "1" shown in FIG. 1. "0" and "1" can of course be interchanged. The bit positions BP are specified above the frame identifier.

In Fig. 2 ist ein geeigneter Pulsrahmen PR dargestellt, der 9 Zeilen Z1 bis Z9 mit jeweils 300 Spalten S1 bis S300 aufweist. Jedes der in einer Spalte angeordneten Datenwör­ ter DW umfaßt 9 Bits. Das Rahmenkennungswort RKW wird am Beginn des Pulsrahmens eingefügt.A suitable pulse frame PR is shown in FIG. 2, which has 9 rows Z1 to Z9, each with 300 columns S1 to S300. Each of the data words DW arranged in a column comprises 9 bits. The frame code word RKW is inserted at the beginning of the pulse frame.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zur Durchschaltung von Digitalsignalen in einem Koppelfeld, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein interner Pulsrahmen (PR) gebildet wird, der ein Rahmenkennungswort (RKW) enthält, dessen erster binärer Zustand "0" und dessen zweiter binärer Zustand folgende Kombination bilden "0 111 000 101 011 01 001".1. A method for switching digital signals in a switching matrix, characterized in that an internal pulse frame (PR) is formed which contains a frame code word (RKW), the first binary state of which "0" and the second binary state of which form the following combination "0 111 000 101 011 01 001 ". 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein interner Pulsrahmen (PR) mit 9 Zeilen und jeweils 300 in Spalten angeordneten Datenwörtern (DW) gebildet wird, wobei jedes Datenwort 9 Bits aufweist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that an internal pulse frame (PR) with 9 lines and each 300 data words arranged in columns (DW) is formed, where each data word has 9 bits. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rahmenkennungswort (RKW) jeweils die beiden ersten Datenwörter eines Pulsrahmens umfaßt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the frame identifier (RKW) is the first two Data words of a pulse frame includes.
DE19924224527 1992-07-24 1992-07-24 Through switching of digital signals - transmitting signals in frame with eighteen bit frame identification word with more signal edges than required for synchronisation Withdrawn DE4224527A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924224527 DE4224527A1 (en) 1992-07-24 1992-07-24 Through switching of digital signals - transmitting signals in frame with eighteen bit frame identification word with more signal edges than required for synchronisation

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DE19924224527 DE4224527A1 (en) 1992-07-24 1992-07-24 Through switching of digital signals - transmitting signals in frame with eighteen bit frame identification word with more signal edges than required for synchronisation

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DE4224527A1 true DE4224527A1 (en) 1994-01-27

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3500776A1 (en) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Method and arrangement for synchronisation of identifier pulse frame and identifier alarm reporting in 2 Mbit/s primary multiplex device
DE3627135A1 (en) * 1986-08-09 1988-02-11 Philips Patentverwaltung METHOD AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR SECURING THE BITS SYNCHRONIZATION OF A DATA BLOCK IN A RECEIVER

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3500776A1 (en) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Method and arrangement for synchronisation of identifier pulse frame and identifier alarm reporting in 2 Mbit/s primary multiplex device
DE3627135A1 (en) * 1986-08-09 1988-02-11 Philips Patentverwaltung METHOD AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR SECURING THE BITS SYNCHRONIZATION OF A DATA BLOCK IN A RECEIVER

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BALLART, Ralph *
CHING, Yau-Chau: SONET: Now It`s the Standard Optical Network. In: IEEE Communica- tions Magazine, March 1989, S.8-14 *
MESSERSCHMITT,David G.: Synchronization in DigitalSystem Design. In: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 8, No.8,1990, S.1404-1418 *
N.N.:Schnittstellen-Kennwerte für digitale Stereo-signale der Bitrate 1024 kbit/s (DS1) In: DeutscheBundespost, Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamt, FTZ 154 R 4, August 1985, 8 Seiten *
WIECZOREK, F.:Die Bestimmung von Synchronisations-worten bei der blockweisen Übertragung von Binär- zeichen. In: ntz Archiv, Bd.6, 1984, H.1, S.17-24 *

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