DE4214921B4 - Infrared detector and infrared controlled device - Google Patents
Infrared detector and infrared controlled device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE4214921B4 DE4214921B4 DE4214921A DE4214921A DE4214921B4 DE 4214921 B4 DE4214921 B4 DE 4214921B4 DE 4214921 A DE4214921 A DE 4214921A DE 4214921 A DE4214921 A DE 4214921A DE 4214921 B4 DE4214921 B4 DE 4214921B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- infrared detector
- layer
- substrate
- detector according
- photoconductive element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/024—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation
Abstract
Infrarot-Detektor
für den
Betrieb bei einer Tieftemperatur mit einem fotoleitenden Element,
das von einem Montagesubstrat (26) getragen ist, und mit einem einen
offenen Kreislauf aufweisenden Joule Thompson-Kühler (17) zum raschen Abkühlen des
fotoleitenden Elements durch Ableiten durch das Montagesubstrat
(26) hindurch;
wobei das Montagesubstrat (26) sandwichartig
ausgebildet ist und wenigstens zwei einander überlagernde dünne Substratschichten
(27, 28) aus einem Material mit einer hohen thermischen Leitfähigkeit
umfasst, die durch eine Schicht (29) aus einem Bindemittel getrennt
sind, wobei das Montagesubstrat (26) eine Dicke von ungefähr 500 μm und die aus
Bindemittel bestehende Schicht (29) eine Dicke von weniger als 10 μm aufweisen.Infrared detector for operation at a low temperature with a photoconductive element which is carried by a mounting substrate (26) and with an open-circuit Joule Thompson cooler (17) for rapid cooling of the photoconductive element by dissipation through the mounting substrate ( 26) through;
the mounting substrate (26) being sandwich-like and comprising at least two superimposed thin substrate layers (27, 28) made of a material with a high thermal conductivity, which are separated by a layer (29) made of a binder, the mounting substrate (26) a thickness of approximately 500 μm and the layer (29) consisting of binder has a thickness of less than 10 μm.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Infrarot-Detektor für den Betrieb bei einer Tieftemperatur.The The invention relates to an infrared detector for operation at a low temperature.
Derartige Infrarot-Detektoren sind bekannt zur Verwendung in Lenkwaffensuchköpfen und Fernlenkungssystemen von Flugkörpern der Art, die allgemein als Lichtleitstrahlreiter bezeichnet werden und für Betriebszwecke typischerweise von der Umgebungs-Betriebstemperatur auf eine Tieftemperatur von 77 K bis 100 K in weniger als einer Sekunde abgekühlt werden müssen. Um eine solche, sehr rasche Abkühlung zu erreichen, sind der Detektor und sein tragender Aufbau für eine geringe thermische Kapazität ausgelegt und werden durch Verwendung eines einen offenen Kreislauf aufweisenden Joule-Thompson-Minikühlers sehr rasch abgekühlt. Wir haben festgestellt, daß die Leistung solcher Detektoren durch elektrisches Rauschen ungünstig beeinflußt wird, daß das Frequenzspektrum dieses induzierten Rauschens besonders reich an niedrigen Frequenzen ist (dies sind Frequenzen unterhalb einiger weniger KHz) und daß die Primärquelle eines solchen Rauschens niedriger Frequenz durch den Joule-Thompson-Minikühler erzeugt wird. Ferner haben wir festgestellt, daß das Ausmaß an elektrischem Rauschen systematisch ansteigt, wenn die Dicke des tragenden Aufbaus systematisch reduziert wird, um eine geringe thermische Kapazität und kürzere Abkühlzeiten zu erhalten.such Infrared detectors are known for use in guided missile search heads and Missile guidance systems the type commonly referred to as fiber optics and for operational purposes typically from ambient operating temperature to a low temperature of 77 K to 100 K can be cooled in less than a second have to. Such a very rapid cooling to achieve, the detector and its supporting structure are for a small thermal capacity designed and made using an open circuit Joule-Thompson mini cooler cooled quickly. We have found that the Performance of such detectors is adversely affected by electrical noise, that this Frequency spectrum of this induced noise particularly rich is low frequencies (these are frequencies below some less KHz) and that the primary source of such low frequency noise generated by the Joule-Thompson mini cooler becomes. We also found that the level of electrical noise systematically increases when the thickness of the load-bearing structure is systematic is reduced to a low thermal capacity and shorter cooling times to obtain.
Ein Ziel der Erfindung ist es, einen Infrarot-Detektor für den Betrieb bei einer Tieftemperatur zu schaffen, bei dem das Auftreten elektrischen Rauschens vermindert ist.On The aim of the invention is to provide an infrared detector for operation to create at a low temperature at which the occurrence electrical Noise is reduced.
Die
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Infrarot-Detektor durch Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet, um die thermischen Eigenschaften des gesamten Montagesubstrates im wesentlichen unbeeinflußt zu lassen, wodurch das Auftreten elektrischen Rauschens reduziert wird. Eine Schicht des Substrates kann aus Saphir, Silizium oder irgendeinem anderen Material gebildet sein, das die entsprechenden Eigenschaften aufweist, und verschiedene Schichten können aus verschiedenen Materialien gebildet sein.According to the invention Infrared detector characterized by claim 1 to the thermal To leave properties of the entire mounting substrate essentially unaffected, thereby reducing the occurrence of electrical noise. A Layer of the substrate can be made of sapphire, silicon or any other material can be formed, which has the corresponding properties, and different layers can be made of different materials.
Die Schicht aus einem Bindemittel wird vorzugsweise so dünn gehalten, daß sich praktisch und typischerweise eine Dicke von nur einigen wenigen μm ergibt.The Layer of a binder is preferably kept so thin that itself practical and typically gives a thickness of only a few microns.
Das photoleitende Element kann epitaxial auf der Substratschicht gebildet sein, die am weitesten vom Joule-Thompson-Kühler entfernt ist. In diesem Fall kann die Substratschicht aus Galliumarsenid gebildet sein. Alternativ kann das photolei tende Element durch eine dünne Schicht aus einem Bindemittel an der Substratschicht befestigt sein, die am weitesten vom Kühler entfernt ist.The Photoconductive element can be formed epitaxially on the substrate layer farthest from the Joule-Thompson cooler. In this In this case, the substrate layer can be formed from gallium arsenide. Alternatively, the photoconductive element can be through a thin layer be attached to the substrate layer from a binder, the farthest from the cooler is removed.
Der Joule-Thompson-Kühler mit offenem Kreislauf ist so ausgelegt, daß Kühlmittel direkt auf die Oberfläche der am nächsten gelegenen Substratschicht abgegeben wird.The Joule-Thompson coolers with an open circuit is designed so that coolant directly onto the surface of the the next located substrate layer is released.
Die Erfindung wird nun beispielsweise unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben; in dieser zeigt:The Invention will now be described, for example, with reference to the drawing described; in this shows:
Gemäß
Ein
einen offenen Kreislauf aufweisender Joule-Thompson-Minikühler
Wir
haben festgestellt, daß die
Leistung von Infrarot-Detektoren der in
Der
alternative bekannte Aufbau, wie er in
Abgesehen
von den erfindungsgemäßen Merkmalen
entspricht
Das
Substrat
Bei
der in
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9110211 | 1991-05-10 | ||
GB9110211A GB2368188B (en) | 1991-05-10 | 1991-05-10 | Infrared detector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4214921A1 DE4214921A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
DE4214921B4 true DE4214921B4 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
Family
ID=10694819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4214921A Expired - Fee Related DE4214921B4 (en) | 1991-05-10 | 1992-05-06 | Infrared detector and infrared controlled device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4214921B4 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2833409B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2368188B (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4081819A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-03-28 | Honeywell Inc. | Mercury cadmium telluride device |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4059764A (en) * | 1968-08-13 | 1977-11-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Multi-element infra red sensors |
US3999403A (en) * | 1974-12-06 | 1976-12-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Thermal interface for cryogen coolers |
US4117329A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1978-09-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Room-temperature, thin-film, pbs photoconductive detector hardened against laser damage |
US4422091A (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1983-12-20 | Rockwell International Corporation | Backside illuminated imaging charge coupled device |
US4501131A (en) * | 1984-01-03 | 1985-02-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Cryogenic cooler for photoconductive cells |
US4739382A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1988-04-19 | Tektronix, Inc. | Package for a charge-coupled device with temperature dependent cooling |
JPH0766976B2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1995-07-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Infrared detector |
FR2629912B1 (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1992-01-10 | Detecteurs Infrarouges Ste Fse | LOW TEMPERATURE INFRARED DETECTION DEVICE |
-
1991
- 1991-05-10 GB GB9110211A patent/GB2368188B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-04-17 FR FR9204758A patent/FR2833409B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-06 DE DE4214921A patent/DE4214921B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4081819A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-03-28 | Honeywell Inc. | Mercury cadmium telluride device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4214921A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
GB9110211D0 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
GB2368188A (en) | 2002-04-24 |
FR2833409B1 (en) | 2005-05-20 |
FR2833409A1 (en) | 2003-06-13 |
GB2368188B (en) | 2002-08-21 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: SELEX SENSORS AND AIRBORNE SYSTEMS LTD., BASILDON, |
|
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: SELEX GALILEO LTD., BRASILDON, ESSEX, GB |
|
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |