DE4116764A1

DE4116764A1 - Appts. for shutting-off escaping oil, gas and other fluids - using large-bore storing equipment to obliquely bore past damage to form cavity around intact piping, removing cementing and pipe section etc.

Info

Publication number: DE4116764A1
Application number: DE19914116764
Authority: DE
Inventors: Wolfgang Schlappig
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-05-23
Filing date: 1991-05-23
Publication date: 1992-11-26

Abstract

This is a method and associated equipment for shutting off the escape of natural gas, petroleum, water, and other escaping fluids, and extinguishing burning gas or oil wells. Large-bore boring equipment, or manual means, are used to obtain access. An oblique boring is made past the damage, and formed into a cavity around the intact piping, where the cementing and the section of pipe concerned are removed and the escaping fluid is shut off and the fire thus extinguished. USE/ADVANTAGE - Escaping oil can be shut off, and fires extinguished, by methods and equipment which can be used irrespective of whether the well area is mined (as in Kuwait). Escaping gas and other fluids, including water, can be similarly stopped, and the method may be of use in nuclear power stations.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Beendigung von Katastrophen wie Erdöl- und Erdgasquellenbrände, sowie Stoppen des Ausströ mens von unter Druck stehenden Erdöl, Erdgas und Wasser und anderen gasför migen oder flüssigen Stoffen in komplizierten, gefährlichen Lagen und sie trägt damit zur Verringerung von Umweltschäden bei und hilft die Erdöl- und Erdgasreserven zu strecken.The invention relates to devices and methods for terminating Disasters such as oil and natural gas source fires, as well as stopping the outflow of pressurized oil, natural gas and water and other gas or liquid substances in complicated, dangerous situations and them contributes to the reduction of environmental damage and helps the petroleum and to stretch natural gas reserves.

Angesichts der brennenden Ölquellen im Kuweit ist es geboten, die bestehen den Bekämpfungsmethoden um schnellere und wirtschaftlichere oder überhaupt wirksame zu erweitern. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zu schaffen, die auf die Schnelle zu verwirk lichen sind, egal, ob der nähere Bereich der Ölquellen vermint ist, oder nicht.Given the burning oil wells in Kuwait, it is imperative that they exist the control methods for faster and more economical or at all effective expand. The invention is therefore based on the object To create devices and methods that can be implemented quickly Lichen, regardless of whether the closer area of the oil wells are mined or not.

Man kann so etwas und auch die Hitze des Feuers ignorieren, weil man sich ja unterirdisch an die Verrohrung heranwagt (Fig. 9 und 10), während man bei anderen Verfahren schweres, teures Gerät von weit her herantransportieren muß und dann von Quelle zu Quelle weiter zieht.You can ignore something like that and also the heat of the fire, because you have to venture underground to the pipes ( Fig. 9 and 10), while with other methods you have to transport heavy, expensive equipment from far away and then from source to source pulls.

Bei diesem Verfahren kann bis auf eventuelle Ausnahmen, z. B. bei den sehr großen, tief unten gesprengten Quellen, überall zugleich mit menschlicher Kraft zu den Reparaturstellen hin im Schutze des Erdreiches und rund um die Uhr gebuddelt werden. Während der Zeit können in mehreren Gießereien und Drehereien zugleich die erforderlichen, bzw. gewünschten Spezialrohrleitungs armaturen, bzw. -absperrorgane mit eigenem Gehäuse wie z. B. Spezialschieber (Fig. 21 und 22), -segmentschieber (Fig. 14), -ventile (Fig. 24), -hähne, -drosselklappen (Fig. 19 und 20), -absperrklappen (Fig. 19 und 20), -armaturenkombi nationen oder die Kurzbautypen mit abnehmbaren Hilfsgehäuseteilen zum hydraulischen bzw. pneumatischen Eindrücken (Fig. 22f) oder der Eindrück vorrichtung mit Gurten (Fig. 23j) einschließlich Eindrückstempeln (Fig. 23i) oder den anderen, angeschraubten bzw. sich krallenden Einschubvorrichtungen, der Lecksicherungskappe (Fig. 22e) bzw. Verschlußvorrichtungen ohne innen befindlichen Spezialarmaturengehäuse wie Spezialquetschvorrichtungen (Fig. 18), -flachschieber (Fig. 1, 8 und 17), -zylinderschieber (Fig. 15), -segment schieber incl. Abscherstempel (Fig. 14) oder -schrägsitzventil incl. Aus drückstempel (Fig. 16) eventuell mit Aufmaß der Rohranlageflächen bzw. Bohrungen der Rohrumfassungsgehäuse hergestellt werden. Das genauere Fertig maß der Bohrungen kann nach Freiarbeiten und Messen der Rohrwandungen in einem letzten Arbeitsgang bzw. im Kuweit vor Ort nachgedreht werden. With this procedure, with a few exceptions, e.g. B. at the very large, deeply blasted sources, everywhere at the same time with human power to the repair sites in the protection of the soil and around the clock. During the time, the required or desired special pipe fittings or shut-off devices with their own housings such as B. special spool ( Fig. 21 and 22), -segment spool ( Fig. 14), -valve ( Fig. 24), -cocks, -throttle valve ( Fig. 19 and 20), -valve valve ( Fig. 19 and 20), -armaturenkombi nations or the short construction types with removable auxiliary housing parts for hydraulic or pneumatic pressing ( Fig. 22f) or the pressing device with belts ( Fig. 23j) including pressing punches ( Fig. 23i) or the other, screwed or clawing slide-in devices, the Leak protection cap ( Fig. 22e) or locking devices without a special valve housing inside such as special squeeze devices ( Fig. 18), flat slide valve ( Fig. 1, 8 and 17), cylinder slide valve ( Fig. 15), segment slide valve including shear stamp ( Fig. 14) or angled seat valve incl. From the punch ( Fig. 16), possibly with an oversize of the pipe contact surfaces or bores of the pipe casing. The more precise finished dimension of the bores can be turned after a free work and measurement of the pipe walls in a last work step or in Kuwait on site.

Sind die Stollen und Kavernen gegraben und die Schächte geteuft und alles gesichert, dann sind in der Zeit auch die Spezialarmaturen bzw. -absperrorga ne fertig geworden. Zum Anbringen der Armaturen an der Verrohrung wird die Zementierung um die Verrohrung, bzw. bei mehreren ineinanderliegenden Rohren die darüber liegenden, störenden Rohrwandungen entfernt. Bei runder Zemen tierung um das Rohr kann dazu ein stumpfer Rohrabschneider genommen werden, er zermalt den Zement bis an das Rohr. Bei Bedarf werden dann Greifkerben (Fig. 1, 2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 und 24b) mit einem umfunktionierten Rohrabschneider in die Rohre gewalzt (Fig. 11c) oder ausgespant (Fig. 12 und 13a). Es empfiehlt sich, Feinkerben zu wählen, sie schwächen die Wandstärke nur gering, haben aber den gleichen Abscherquerschnitt wie Grobe. Gewalzte Fein kerben haben den Vorteil, daß das Gefüge nicht zerschnitten wird und die Kerben etwas auf die Oberfläche auftragen, dieses muß bei den Greifwülsten im Schiebergehäuse berücksichtigt werden. Dann kommt die schwierigste und am behutsamsten auszuführende Arbeit. Die Sollbruchstellen (Fig. 1, 2, 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22 und 24a) für den auszudrückenden Rohrabschnitt müssen vorher angebracht werden. Dazu empfiehlt sich umfunktionierte Rohrabschnei der (Fig. 12 und 13) mit verstellbaren oder starren Stahlhaltern zu nehmen.Once the tunnels and caverns have been dug and the shafts sunk and everything secured, then the special fittings and shut-off devices have also been completed. To attach the fittings to the piping, the cementing around the piping or, in the case of a plurality of pipes lying one inside the other, the interfering pipe walls above are removed. In the case of round cementing around the pipe, a blunt pipe cutter can be used for this, it cuts the cement up to the pipe. If necessary, gripping notches ( Fig. 1, 2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 and 24b) are then rolled into the pipes with a converted pipe cutter ( Fig. 11c) or machined ( FIGS. 12 and 13a). It is advisable to choose fine notches, they only slightly weaken the wall thickness, but have the same shear cross section as rough ones. Rolled fine notches have the advantage that the structure is not cut and the notches are applied somewhat to the surface, this must be taken into account when gripping beads in the valve housing. Then comes the hardest and most delicate job to do. The predetermined breaking points ( Fig. 1, 2, 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 24a) for the pipe section to be pressed out must be attached beforehand. To do this, it is recommended to take the converted pipe cut-off ( Fig. 12 and 13) with adjustable or rigid steel holders.

Der Stahl verformt das unter Druck stehende Rohrmaterial während des Schneidprozesses nicht. Kerbt man mit einem Schneidrädchen, so kann das für die Ausführenden gefährlich werden. Wenn erforderlich, dann können die Soll bruchstellen auch geschliffen werden. Bei den schrägen Dicht- bzw. Abriß flächen des Segmentschiebers (Fig. 14a), des Zylinderschiebers (Fig. 15a) oder des Schrägsitzventiles (Fig. 16a) ergeben sich Kurven und können des halb nur von Hand, am besten durch Schleifen hergestellt werden.The steel does not deform the pressurized pipe material during the cutting process. Notching with a cutting wheel can be dangerous for the executor. If necessary, the predetermined breaking points can also be ground. With the oblique sealing or tear-off surfaces of the segment slide ( Fig. 14a), the cylinder slide ( Fig. 15a) or the angle seat valve ( Fig. 16a), curves result and can therefore only be made by hand, best by grinding.

Sind diese Vorarbeiten getan, dann kann man die beiden Hälften mit dem ein gelegten Schieber verstiften, damit sie aufs My passen, um das Rohr legen, mit den sich verjüngenden, zusammentreibenden Klammern (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 und 24k) verbinden und dann alles miteinander an den Nahtstellen dicht verschweißen. Die robuste Quetscharmatur (Fig. 18) wird zusätzlich mit Umfassungsringen (Fig. 18l) und erst dann mit Klammern (Fig. 18a) montiert. Damit sind alle Vorbereitungen getroffen und das Rohr ist wieder sicher. Nun werden die Schubgewindespindeln (Fig. 2 und 3m) gleichmäßig ein geschraubt, bis sie auf den Schieber treffen in eigens dafür vorgesehene Ver tiefungen, so daß die Spindeln sich durch den hohen Druck, welcher ein Weg springen verursachen kann, nicht verbiegen können. Der Schieber drückt nun mit seinem Kerbvorsprung (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 und 17n) auf die Rohrwandung, während die Faßränder (Fig. 5 und 6o) in die Kerbung eingreifen und ein späteres Ver springen des Rohrabschnittes durch den einseitig herrschenden Flüssigkeits- oder Gasdruck im Rohr vermeiden sollen. Unter dem konzentrierten Druck des Kerbvorsprunges wird die Rohrwandung durchstoßen und fortwährend durch die Vorwärtsbewegung verformt und abgeschert. Dann fällt er in die für ihn vor gesehene Kammer, während der Schieber schließt und das Feuer erlischt.Once this preparatory work has been done, the two halves can be pinned with the inserted slider so that they fit on the my, around the pipe, with the tapering, gathering clamps ( Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, 15 , 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 and 24k) and then seal everything together at the seams. The robust pinch fitting ( Fig. 18) is additionally fitted with surrounding rings ( Fig. 18l) and only then with clips ( Fig. 18a). With this all preparations are made and the pipe is safe again. Now the thrust threaded spindles ( Fig. 2 and 3m) are evenly screwed in until they meet the slider in specially provided recesses, so that the spindles cannot bend due to the high pressure that can cause a jump. The slider now presses with its notch projection ( Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 17n) on the pipe wall, while the barrel edges ( Fig. 5 and 6o) engage in the notch and jump through the pipe section later Ver should avoid the one-sided liquid or gas pressure in the pipe. Under the concentrated pressure of the notch projection, the tube wall is pierced and continuously deformed and sheared off by the forward movement. Then he falls into the chamber in front of him, while the slide closes and the fire goes out.

Bei den Segmentschiebern wird es nicht zu so einer starken Verformung kom men, da der Rohrabschnitt länger ist. Es gibt dadurch einen größeren Wider stand, der aber durch mehr Schrauben, die auf nur eine Sollbruchstelle wirken, überwunden wird, so daß der Abschnitt abreißt. Zuletzt fällt der Abschnitt dann in die dafür vorgesehene Tasche bzw. Kammer im Segmentschiebergehäuse, in der er durch den Abscherschieber angedrückt wird. Oder es können die verschiedenförmgen Rohrabschnitte auch ohne große Aufnahmekammer, aus Platz spargründen im zusammengequetschten Zustand in einer kleinen Kammer gelagert werden. Danach schließt der Schieber voll und das Feuer erlischt. Nun herrscht Ruhe zum Erkalten des Gebietes und Reparaturarbeiten können später beginnen und auf dem selben Rohrstumpf kann später wieder angeschlossen werden. Soll später wieder Öl, Gas oder Wasser fließen, so wird mit den gegen überliegenden Druckspindeln der unter einseitigem Druck stehende Schieber zurückgedrückt. Die Armaturen werden entlastet, wenn nach Wiederanschluß vorher Druck auf die Abflußseite gegeben wird. Außerdem wird Reibung beim Verschließen weggenommen, wenn auf der Abflußseite ein Gleitpolster durch Eindrücken von Gas oder Flüssigkeit zwischen den Berührungsflächen geschaf fen wird.With the segment slides there will be no such strong deformation because the pipe section is longer. There is a bigger contradiction stood, but by more screws acting on only one predetermined breaking point, is overcome so that the section tears off. Finally the section falls then into the designated pocket or chamber in the segment slide housing, in which it is pressed by the pusher. Or they can Different shaped pipe sections, even without a large receiving chamber, out of space For reasons of economy, they are stored in a small chamber when squeezed together will. Then the slide closes fully and the fire goes out. Now there is calm to cool the area and repair work can be done later begin and can be reconnected later on the same stub will. If oil, gas or water should flow again later, use the counter overlying pressure spindles the slide is under one-sided pressure pushed back. The fittings are relieved if after reconnection pressure is previously given on the drain side. In addition, friction is Closing removed if a sliding pad on the drain side Press in gas or liquid between the contact surfaces will.

Der Segmentschieber muß in seiner Ausführung gegenüber dem einfachen, sich verjüngenden oder Flachschieber größer ausfallen, er läßt sich aber leichter auf- und zuschieben. Der Druckaufnahmebereich=Radiusfläche, um den Scheitel punkt des Segmentschiebers im Segmentschiebergehäuse, kann auch in der Mitte, oder der gegenüberliegenden Rohrseite vom Abscheranlagepunkt vor dem Rohr liegen. Dann kann auch die Aussparung zwischen dem Schenkel knapper aus fallen bzw. ganz fehlen. Was im letzten Fall den Vorteil hat, daß die Radius fläche um den Scheitelpunkt vollflächig durchgehen kann, wie gleichfalls das Gegenlager im Armaturengehäuse. Es ist ratsam, den Segmentschieber und das Schiebergehäuse so herzustellen, daß beide Drehpunktgleitflächen des Segment schiebers etwas exzentrisch (rechts) neben dem Scheitelpunkt der Dichtfläche bzw. Bogenlänge (Fig. 14c) liegen, dadurch hebt der Segmentschieber beim Öffnen etwas aus und reibt nicht an der Freifläche, während er im geschlosse nen Zustand voll anpreßt. Im Gehäuse muß die gleiche Abweichung eingehalten werden. Die Freiflächen kann auch etwas tiefer frei gefräst werden. The segment slide must be larger than the simple, tapered or flat slide, but it is easier to slide open and close. The pressure absorption area = radius area around the apex of the segment slide in the segment slide housing can also be in the middle or on the opposite side of the pipe from the shear point in front of the pipe. Then the recess between the thighs can fall out or be completely missing. Which has the advantage in the latter case that the radius can pass through the entire area around the apex, as can the counter bearing in the valve body. It is advisable to manufacture the segment slide and the slide housing in such a way that both fulcrum sliding surfaces of the segment slide are slightly eccentric (right) next to the vertex of the sealing surface or arc length ( Fig. 14c), as a result of which the segment slide lifts out a little and does not rub the open area, while in the closed state it presses fully. The same deviation must be observed in the housing. The open areas can also be milled a little deeper.

Segmentschieber können auch für den normalen Gebrauch mit vollen, ungeteilten Dichtflächen gut für den Einsatz gegen einseitigen Hochdruck mit einseitiger Herstellungs- und Montageöffnung, einem außengelegenen, ohne oder mit Spindel, Rastvorrichtung oder Stellmotor verstellbaren Hebelarm bzw. mit einer oder mehreren innenliegenden, am Segmentboden eingreifenden Schneckengewindever stellvorrichtungen und mit normalen, herkömmlichen Anschlußmöglichkeiten, wie Innen- oder Außengewinde, Quetschverschraubungen, Flansch, Löt- oder Schweiß verbindungen verwendet werden. Ein Segmentschieber gewährleistet leichtes Bedienen, da das Drehpunktlager die Schubkräfte voll aufnimmt.Segment slides can also be used for normal use with full, undivided Sealing surfaces good for use against one-sided high pressure with one-sided Manufacturing and assembly opening, an external one, with or without a spindle, Locking device or servomotor adjustable lever arm or with one or several internal screw threads engaging on the segment bottom adjusting devices and with normal, conventional connection options, such as Internal or external thread, compression fittings, flange, soldering or welding connections are used. A segment slide ensures easy Operate as the pivot bearing fully absorbs the thrust.

Um nach dem ersten Einkerben nicht zusätzlichen Druck von vorn zu haben, kann mit dem gleichen Fließdruck des ausströmenden Gases oder der Flüssig keit hinter den hinten dicht abschließenden Abscher- bzw. Verschlußteilen Druckausgleich gegeben werden, wie sowieso die Rohrabschnittaufnahmekammern durch absperrbare Durchbrüche bzw. Entlastungsbohrungen entlastet werden müssen. Alle reinen Entlastungsbohrungen bei den Armatureneinpressungen können auch unabsperrbar im abgehenden Rohrteil münden. Alle Außengehäuse der Spezialrohrleitungsarmaturen, -pumpen oder -meßeinrichtungen können Revisionsöffnungen haben, die bei Bedarf nach dem Eindrücken derselben, geöffnet werden können, um z. B. Rohrabschnitt herauszunehmen, bzw. um Pumpen oder Meßeinrichtungen elektrisch, pneumatisch oder hydraulisch anzu schließen. Es ist auch vorstellbar, daß gewünschte Effekte mechanisch nicht mehr auszuführen sind, hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch aber noch durchführbar. Es wurden extra keine Druck-/Zugspindeln gewählt, sondern mehrere Druckspindeln, um gutes, sicheres Arbeiten während des Abscher- und Schließvorganges zu gewährleisten. Würde beim Öffnen des unter hohem ein seitigen Druck stehenden Schiebers eine Druck-/Zugspindel abreißen, so kann man die ganze Aktion vergessen. Feingewinde wurde gewählt, um hohe Drücke zu erzielen. Gewinde mit Vollberührung von der Spitze über die Flanken zur Spitze, 0 auf 0 muß von allein dichten, ist aber nur mit viel Kraftaufwand und oberflächenharten Spindeln weiter zu drehen. Um für Hochdrücke ohne Vortest möglichst hohe Sicherheit bei absoluter Dichtheit zu erhalten, wurde die Klammermethode (Fig. 15k) mit Verschweißen gewählt, sie tragen mit ihrer Zusammentreibkraft auf der gesamten Länge und lassen sich durchgehend ver schweißen, was bei Verschraubung nicht der Fall ist, und sie geben hohe Sicher heit gegen Aufreißen (Schrumpfreißen) von Schweißnähten. Wenn anstatt Druck spindeln Flüssigkeits- oder Gasdruckstempel verwendet werden sollen, dann können sie entweder mit Zylinder eingeschraubt werden, oder ihre Zylinder gleitflächen im Gehäuse haben. Das Ein- bzw. Abstechverfahren unter Anspruch 23 hat für den normalen Gebrauch beim Abscheiden den Vorteil, daß es nach innen keinen Kerbgrat aufwirft, wie es Schneidrädchen tun und auch Schrägen für V-Nähte hergestellt werden können. Die Stähle können auch mehr fach wieder nachgeschliffen werden, während bei Schneidrädchen immer voller Ersatz nötig ist.In order not to have additional pressure from the front after the first notch, pressure equalization can be given with the same flow pressure of the escaping gas or the liquid behind the shear or closing parts, which seal tightly at the rear, as the pipe section receiving chambers are relieved anyway by lockable openings or relief bores Need to become. All pure relief holes in the valve press-in can also open in the outgoing pipe part. All outer housings of the special pipeline fittings, pumps or measuring devices can have inspection openings which, if necessary, can be opened after pressing them in, in order to e.g. B. remove pipe section, or to close pumps or measuring devices electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically. It is also conceivable that desired effects can no longer be carried out mechanically, but can still be carried out hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically. No pressure / tension spindles were selected, but several pressure spindles to ensure good, safe working during the shearing and closing process. If one of the push / pull spindles were to tear off when the slide, which was under high one-sided pressure, was opened, the whole action can be forgotten. Fine threads were chosen to achieve high pressures. Threads with full contact from the tip over the flanks to the tip, 0 to 0 must seal by themselves, but can only be turned further with a lot of force and surface-hard spindles. In order to obtain the highest possible degree of safety and absolute tightness for high pressures without a pre-test, the clamp method ( Fig. 15k) with welding was selected, they bear together over their entire length and can be welded continuously, which is not the case with screws, and they provide high security against tearing (shrink tearing) of weld seams. If liquid or gas pressure stamps are to be used instead of pressure spindles, then they can either be screwed in with cylinders or their cylinders have sliding surfaces in the housing. The grooving or parting-off method according to claim 23 has the advantage for normal use when separating that it does not raise any notch ridges on the inside, as cutting wheels do and also bevels for V-seams can be produced. The steels can also be reground several times, while cutting wheels always require full replacement.

Alle äußeren Armaturen-, Absperrorgan- oder Quetschvorrichtungsgehäuse werden immer in der gleichen Weise nach dem Anbringen der Sollbruchstellen und Greifkerben und Verschweißen um das Rohr befestigt. Besteht kein Bedarf, so können auch die Greifkerben fehlen oder anstatt der sich verjüngenden zusammentreibenden Klammern, Schrauben oder andere Befestigungs-/Verbindungs elemente benutzt werden. Es können anstatt Verschweißen auch pressende, geteilte Dichtringe bzw. Schnüre eingelegt werden. Will man das Rohr nicht wieder verwenden, so kann man es auch mit der Vorrichtung Fig. 18, Anspruch 4 und den Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6 zuquetschen oder eventuell sogar unverschweißt mit den Umfassungsringen und den sich verjüngenden zusammen treibenden Klammern montiert, als Quetschvorrichtung benutzt, wiederverwenden.All outer valve, shut-off device or squeeze device housings are always attached in the same way after the predetermined breaking points and gripping notches and welding around the pipe. If there is no need, the gripping notches can also be missing or used instead of the tapering collapsing clamps, screws or other fastening / connecting elements. Instead of welding, pressing, split sealing rings or cords can also be inserted. If you do not want to use the pipe again, you can also squeeze it with the device Fig. 18, claim 4 and the method according to claims 5 and 6 or possibly even welded with the surrounding rings and the tapering floating clips, as a crimping device used, reuse.

Sind Einzelteile besonders schwer, so kann man um das Rohr vorher einen Stützflansch bzw. eine Anhängeschelle als Montagehilfe anbauen, ist doch anzu nehmen, daß die schwersten Rohrabsperrorgane bis zu 8 Tonnen wiegen können.If individual parts are particularly heavy, you can first round the pipe Fit a support flange or a mounting bracket as an assembly aid, but it should be used assume that the heaviest pipe shut-off devices can weigh up to 8 tons.

Der nachträgliche Einbau ist nicht nur bei Öl-, Gasquellen oder bei Arthe sischen Brunnen angebracht, sondern auch bei Atomkraftwerken interessant.Retrofitting is not only for oil, gas sources or Arthe well, but also interesting for nuclear power plants.

Außerdem können auch noch viele andere Rohrleitungsarmaturen und -geräte in das Rohr bzw. in den Rohrdurchfluß mit Hilfe des Außengehäuses hineinge drückt werden, wie Kegel-, Kugel-, Nadelventile, Rückschlagklappen, Schmutzfänger, Pumpen, Meßeinrichtungen usw. Es ist auch vorstellbar, daß sauber gepaßte Einschubteile in ihrer Führung für den einmaligen Fall oder auch mehrfach, nur durch von hinten ausgeübten Flüssigkeits- oder Gasdruck ohne Dichtungen, nur mit Öl, Wasser oder Gas, z. B. mit einem starken Hochdruckspritz-/Reini gungsgerät oder mit Gasdruck aus Stickstoff- oder Preßluftflaschen in den Rohrdurchfluß durch die Rohrwandung eingeschoben werden können, egal, welche Form der Querschnitt des Stempels bzw. Einschubkörpers hat. Bei Normal produktion/-stanzung/-quetschung heißt der eindringende Teil Stempel= Einfachschieber/Flachschieber, Zylinderschieber, Segmentschieber, Quetsch stempel oder Spezialarmatureneinschubgehäuse, der gegenhaltende Teil ist die Matrize=harte Gegenscheide im Spezialumfassungsgehäuse bzw. die Amboßfläche der Quetschvorrichtung. Bei gewaltiger Einpackung bzw. Umfassung eines überstarken Umfassungsgehäuses mag es sogar möglich sein, die Rohrwan dungen ohne Sollbruchkerbung zu durchscheren, dann zieht sich aber ein Teil des Rohres zur Rohrmitte und schmälert damit den späteren Durchfluß. Many other pipeline fittings and devices can also be used into the pipe or into the pipe flow with the help of the outer housing are pressed, such as cone, ball, needle valves, check valves, strainers, Pumps, measuring devices, etc. It is also conceivable that clean fit Slide-in parts in their guides for the one-off case or multiple times, only through liquid or gas pressure exerted from behind without seals, only with oil, water or gas, e.g. B. with a strong high pressure spray / Reini device or with gas pressure from nitrogen or compressed air bottles in the Pipe flow can be inserted through the pipe wall, no matter which Shape of the cross section of the stamp or insert body has. With normal production / punching / crushing the penetrating part is called stamp Single slide / flat slide, cylinder slide, segment slide, squeeze stamp or special valve slide-in housing which is the counter part the die = hard sheath in the special housing or the Anvil surface of the crimping device. With huge packaging or wrapping of an overstrong enclosure may even be possible, the Rohrwan to shear through debris without breaking, but then part of it pulls of the pipe to the middle of the pipe and thus reduces the later flow.

Es ist angebracht, die schmalste Stelle der Sollbruchkerben an der Druckseite bei einschiebbaren Paßteilen nicht genau oder sogar von dem Abscherquer schnitt weg, sondern in Schrägform etwas enger, zum Abscherquerschnitt hin und den Abscherquerschnitt zur Gas- bzw. Flüssigkeitsdruckseite mit ganz geringer Steigung auszuführen. Dadurch reißt der Rohrabschnitt mehr zum Einschubteil hin ab und die geringe Steigung bewirkt, daß sich der Abrißgrat wie eine ela stische Dichtlippe zusätzlich an das Paßstück bzw. den Stempel anlegt, während an der drucklosen bzw. druckgeminderten Abflußseite die Dichtseite plan angedrückt wird. Sollte durch unvorhergesehene, unerfindliche Gründe am Umfassungsgehäuse eine kleine Undichte sein, so wäre dann auf der Druckseite immer noch die Quetschdichtung. Fazit: Dichtet nicht das Gehäuse, so dichtet doch das Rohr gegen den Schieber bzw. das Spezialarmatureneinschubgehäuse.It is appropriate to place the narrowest part of the predetermined breaking notches on the pressure side with insertable fitting parts not exactly or even from the shear cross cut away, but a little narrower in oblique form, towards the shear cross section the shear cross section to the gas or liquid pressure side with very little Slope. As a result, the pipe section tears more towards the insertion part down and the slight slope causes the demolition ridge to look like an ela additional sealing lip is placed on the fitting or the stamp, while on the unpressurized or depressurized discharge side the sealing side plan is pressed. If due to unforeseen, unknown reasons on Enclosure housing to be a small leak, then would be on the pressure side still the pinch seal. Conclusion: Does not seal the housing, so seal but the pipe against the slide or the special valve insert housing.

Die Schieber bzw. Einschubteile mit Flüssigkeits- oder Gasdruck einzudrücken hat den Vorteil, daß man dieses auch von fern her außerhalb des Gefahrenbe reiches ausführen kann. Es ist sogar vorstellbar, daß man Einschubteile durch Sprengen hineinschießt. Die Scherflächen der Einschubteile und Spezialein schubarmaturengehäuse und der Gegenflächen an den Umfassungsgehäusen können durch hartbelegte Flächen bzw. harte Auftragschweißungen usw. verstärkt sein.Press in the slide or slide-in parts with liquid or gas pressure has the advantage that you can do this from afar outside of the danger zone can do rich. It is even conceivable that you can insert parts through Blast shoots into it. The shear surfaces of the insert parts and special ones slide valve housing and the counter surfaces on the surrounding housing can be reinforced by hard-coated surfaces or hard build-up welding, etc.

Der Zylinderschieber der Fig. 15 ist in der Lage, durch Einpressen von Flüssigkeit bzw. Gas in beide Bohrungen p auch doppelte Einschubkraft zu ent wickeln, was für Abscheren und Verschließen auch erforderlich ist, speist man über q ein, so zieht er sich mit halber Kraft zurück, was auch ausreicht. Die Bohrungen Fig. 15q und r müssen beim Eindrücken entlastet sein. Das Schräg sitzventil der Fig. 16 hat zur Demonstration 2× den auszudrückenden Rohr abschnitt eingezeichnet bekommen. Einmal im heilen und einmal im ausgedrück ten Zustand in der Aufnahmetasche. Diese Ausführung als Rohrverschlußarmatur zu wählen, ist mit Risiko verbunden. Zum einen besteht der Verdacht, daß der Rohrabschnitt zu lange oben am Restabriß hängenbleibt und zum anderen, daß er durch starke Strömung erzeugte Wirbel, in die Tasche nicht sauber hineinfällt und dann den Ventilteller sperrt. Macht man die Tasche zu diesem Zweck entsprechend tiefer, auf daß er voll verschwindet, egal, wie rum er liegt, dann wird das gesamte Ventilgehäuse noch größer als es so schon ist. Es ist für alle geteilten Schutzmantel-Umfassungsgehäuse ratsam, sie nur so groß wie nötig zu machen, alles unnötig Größere erzeugt nur unnötig gewaltige Kraft zwischen dem Gehäusespalt. Bei dieser Konstruktion liegt auch die Ventil teller-Druckspindel genau im Gehäusespalt und ist wahrscheinlich nur mit Stopfbuchse dicht zu halten. The cylinder slider of FIG. 15 is wound in a position by injecting liquid or gas into both bores p and double insertion force to ent, which is also required for shearing and closing, it feeds over q, it contracts half Strength back, which is enough. The holes Fig. 15q and r must be relieved when they are pressed in. The inclined seat valve of Fig. 16 has 2 × the pipe section to be squeezed out for demonstration. Once in a healed state and once in a state of being expressed in the pocket. Choosing this version as a pipe closure fitting involves risk. On the one hand, there is a suspicion that the pipe section sticks to the top of the residual tear for too long and, on the other hand, that it does not fall cleanly into vortices generated by strong currents and then locks the valve disk. If you make the bag correspondingly deeper for this purpose so that it disappears completely, no matter how it is lying around, the entire valve housing becomes even larger than it already is. It is advisable for all divided protective casing enclosures to only make them as large as necessary, anything unnecessarily larger only unnecessarily generates enormous force between the housing gap. With this design, the valve disk pressure spindle is also located exactly in the housing gap and can probably only be kept tight with a stuffing box.

Der Schieber nach Fig. 17 ist als reiner Flüssigkeits- bzw. Gasdruckein schubschieber gedacht. Er kann durch Flüssigkeits- oder Gasdruck über die Bohrung p bei gleichzeitigen Erzeugen eines Gleitpolsters durch Gas- oder Flüssigkeitseinspeisung in die Bohrungen s durch die Rohrwandung geschoben werden. Dabei bleibt mehr Schubkraft zum Ab-/Ausscheren zur Verfügung. Hat der Schieber die Rohrwandung durchdrungen, so schiebert er erst einmal ab. Schiebt man dann noch weiter, so kann man ihn wieder öffnen und den Rohrab schnitt voll in die Lagertasche schieben. Will man ihn wieder schließen, so drückt man ihn über Bohrung q bei Entlastung von Bohrung p zurück. Alle Bedienungsbohrungen müssen mit Innengewindeanschluß, Preßverschraubungsan schluß, Anschlußnippel oder direkt mit Absperreinrichtungen zum Entlasten, Drücken und Sichern versehen sein. Alle Symbole sind hier p, q, r und s, je nach Funktion geführt. Die Hauptausdrückbohrung und Rückentlastungsbohrung ist p. Die Rückdrück- und Hauptentlastungsbohrung ist q. Reine Entlastungsbohrung ist r und Gleitpolsterbohrung ist s. Gleitpolster kann erst bei Berührung der Einschubteilgleitflächen gegeben werden. Die voll einschiebbaren, voll funktionsfähigen Spezialeinschubarmaturen wie hier Fig. 19, 21, 22 und 24 haben immer nur eine Entlastungsbohrung r. Es liegt kein Grund vor, sie wieder auszudrücken. Bei der Quetschvorrichtung Fig. 18 gibt es nur eine Haupt drückbohrung. Die Quetschvorrichtung ist extra stark mit Umfassungsschellen mit dem Stoß quer zum Gehäusestoß konstruiert. Bei allen Gehäusen ist ein schräger Auslauf zum Rohr hin gewählt, um Verschweißen zu erleichtern. Die sich verjüngenden zusammentreibenden Klammern können an allen Gehäusen, wo genug Platz ist, weiter herumfassen, so daß der zu erfassende, innenliegende Gehäusevorsprung/Flansch dicker=stärker ausfallen kann. Die Fig. 19 ist von den ständig bedienbaren Einschubteilen wohl die am kleinsten zu halten de Spezialeinschubarmatur. Sie hat im Vergleich zum Schieber einen wesentlich schmaleren Block. Sie ist im Lager besonders robust konstruiert und hat eine sehr starke Diskusabsperrklappe (Fig. 19 und 20), die die durch ihre starke Bauchung bewirkte Einengung durch kugelförmige Ausarbeitung im Wandbereich (Fig. 20) wieder ausgleicht.The slider of Fig. 17 is intended thrust slide as a pure liquid or Gasdruckein. It can be pushed through the pipe wall by liquid or gas pressure through the hole p while simultaneously producing a sliding cushion by feeding gas or liquid into the holes s. Thereby, more pushing force remains available for shearing off / out. Once the slider has penetrated the pipe wall, it slides off first. If you push it further, you can open it again and push the pipe section fully into the storage pocket. If you want to close it again, press it back over hole q while relieving hole p. All service bores must be provided with an internal thread connection, press fitting connection, connection nipple or directly with shut-off devices for relieving, pressing and securing. All symbols here are p, q, r and s, depending on the function. The main push hole and back relief hole is p. The backpressure and main relief bore is q. Pure relief bore is r and sliding pad bore is s. Sliding pads can only be given when the slide-in sliding surfaces are touched. The fully retractable, fully functional special slide-in fittings such as here Fig. 19, 21, 22 and 24 always have only one relief hole r. There is no reason to express it again. In the crimping Fig. 18, there is only one main pressing bore. The crimping device is extra strong with surrounding clamps with the joint across the housing joint. For all housings, an inclined outlet towards the pipe is selected to make welding easier. The tapering collapsing clamps can reach around on all housings where there is enough space, so that the inner housing projection / flange to be gripped can be thicker = stronger. Fig. 19 is probably the smallest of the permanently operable slide-in parts de special slide-in fitting. It has a much narrower block than the slide. It has a particularly robust design in the bearing and has a very strong discus butterfly valve ( Fig. 19 and 20), which compensates for the constriction caused by its strong bulge through spherical elaboration in the wall area ( Fig. 20).

Die Schieber und das Tellerventil sind Ausführungen, die den Durchfluß querschnitt voll freigeben und können je nach Beanspruchung gewählt werden. Im allgemeinen steht man sich mit der Wahl der Verschlußklappe/Absperrklappe am besten. Sollte sie aber den Drücken nicht mehr gewachsen sein, so kann man dann auf Schieber, Segmentschieber oder Ventile übergehen, nur daß diese viel größer ausfallen und auch bei Dimensionen im Bereich von 400-600 mm Rohr-⌀ beachtenswert zunehmen und so auch ein Transport- und Montageproblem bilden können. Am Abscherbereich sollte alle Einschubteile spitze Keilwinkel haben.The slide and the poppet valve are versions that control the flow fully release the cross-section and can be selected depending on the load. In general, you are at the choice of the shutter / butterfly valve preferably. But if it is no longer up to the pressure, you can then pass to slide, segment slide or valve, only that this much turn out larger and also with dimensions in the range of 400-600 mm tube ⌀ increase remarkably and thus create a transport and assembly problem can. All insert parts should have acute wedge angles at the shear area.

Claims

1. A method for stopping escaping natural gases, petroleum and water and other escaping steam, gaseous and liquid substances and for extinguishing burning natural gas or petroleum sources, characterized in that with large-caliber drilling equipment ( Fig. 10) or manually ( Fig. 9 ) a deepening at a safe distance from the occurrence, in front of the damage site or blasting, in the case of oblique drilling past the pipe, advanced and formed around the intact piping to a cavern, where the cementation and the disruptive pipe layers are removed and the outflow (through the the devices and methods described below) is stopped and the flame is also extinguished.

2. Shut-off device for retrofitting and flow stop on pipes under pressure, characterized in that enclosing housings are formed from two pegged, symmetrical housing halves, which enclose the pipes and, if necessary, in the case of high pressure or high stress in the inside of the pipe contact surfaces, gripping beads ( Figures 1, 2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 and 24b) have gripping notches made on the tubes by the methods described in claims 21 and 23 . Halves of the housing at their joints by overlapping, tapering, gathering brackets ( Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22 and 24k) or screwable flanges and welds held or sealed together at all seams or only by welding, in the closed interior of which there are guides with insert parts fitted therein, slides ( Fig. 2, 14 and 17), cylinder slides ( Fig. 15), fully functional shut-off valves ( Fig. 19 , 21, 22 and 24), pumps, measuring devices etc. are located on the opposite side of the parts pipe section receiving chambers ( Fig. 2, 4, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22 and 24) and in the additional push-off valve or ejector cylinder operated with liquid or gas pressure ( Fig. 16) can be installed and lockable connection bores ( Fig. 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22 and 24p, q, r, s) for liquid or gas pressures or threaded spindles ( Fig. 2, 3 un d 14m).

3. Procedure for retrofitting shut-off devices and Flow stops on pipes under pressure, characterized in that that if necessary with high pressure or high stress with a pipe cutters instead of cutting wheels, notched profile rollers or turning tools Rolled fine gripping notches into the pipe surface using method 21 or 23 or with chasers, then in any case with a Pipe separator each two predetermined breaking points at the intersection or Cut surfaces of the insert to be assembled later mentioned under claim 2 parts, slide valves, fully functional, retractable shut-off valves, pumps, Measuring devices etc. according to the method of claim 23 or for curves of Hand machined, then the housing halves described in claim 2 with the fitted slide-in parts, sliders, fully functional, slide-in shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc. donated around the pipe be placed so that the gripping beads inside the pipe contact surfaces of the Engage the surrounding housing in the gripping notches on the outer walls of the pipes and the housing halves at their joints through overlapping, tapering, collating brackets or by screwable flanges and by Ver welding all seams, or just held together by welding or sealed, then the notched pipe sections through the top sheet-like slide-in parts, sliders, fully functional, insertable Shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc. with themselves in the housing retracting, extended, protected operating part, if necessary with a Notch projection with the help of liquid or gas pressure stamps, thrust thread spindles or via the connection bores with liquid or gas pressure can be sheared directly out of the pipe at the predetermined breaking points, if necessary led through the narrow barrel rim at the front of the slide, so far in front conditions until the slide-in parts, slide, fully functional retractable shut-off Fittings, pumps, measuring devices etc. stop the flow or as a pump or measuring device etc. come into effect while the ones pushed away at the front Pipe sections fall into the receiving chambers and so with the spindle drive for the Opening process to clear the way.

4. Device for retrofitting and for stopping the flow by squeezing on pipes under pressure, characterized in that a pinch housing ( Fig. 18) is formed from two matching, pinned half parts and four half, heavy-duty clamps ( Fig. 18-1) , which in turn rotate 90 degrees with the separating joints to the housing joints and encompass the squeeze housing and at their joints, as well as on the housing by overlapping, tapering, collating clamps ( Fig. 18k) or screwable flanges and weld seams on all seams or only by welding are held together or sealed, in the pipe system, if necessary, additional gripping beads ( FIG. 18b) are attached, which engage in notches rolled in or cut out on the pipe, a protective housing inside which a pinch stamp tapering towards the pinching edge with a rounded straight or follow the pipe inside radius the crimped edge with an opposite straight or following the pipe outer radius, supporting anvil surface and which has a lockable connection hole ( Fig. 18p) for hydraulic or pneumatic pressure.

5. The method for retrofitting squeezing devices and by stopping the flow by squeezing on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that if necessary at high pressure or high stress with a pipe cutter instead of cutting wheels with notch profile rollers or turning steels according to the method 21 or 23 fine gripping notches ( Fig. 18b) are rolled into the pipe surface or cut with chasers, then the housing halves described in claim 4 with the internal pin on the pipe aligned pin punch are placed around the pipe so that the gripping beads inside the pipe contact surfaces of the surrounding housing engage in the gripping notches on the outer walls of the pipes and the housing halves in the middle area are held together at their joints by overlapping, tapering, driving together clamps or by screwable flanges, then the four heavy encircling clamps by 9 0 degrees with their separating joints to the housing joints rotated around the remaining open spaces at the ends of the housing, also by overlapping, tapering, gathering clamps or by screwing flanges and by welding all seams, or only being held together or sealed by welding , then liquid or gas pressure is pressed through the lockable connection holes, the pinch stamp dodges to the front, the tube is squeezed to the anvil surface, closes and the fire goes out and then the safety lock is closed.

6. Procedure for retrofitting crushing devices and for through stop flow by squeezing pipes under pressure, thereby ge indicates that the device described in claim 4 and under Claim 5 described method in the unwelded state with or without Gripping beads and notches, but used with all other procedures is and so can be used as a reusable device.

7. Shut-off device for retrofitting and for stopping the flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that a slide housing consists of two symmetrical, donated halves that grasp the pipe and at their joints by overlapping, tapering, together or clamping brackets screwable flanges and welding of all seams or only held together or sealed by welding, in the closed interior of which there is a tapered slide slide surface with a tapered slide which has a notch projection on the end face facing the pipe contact surface (FIGS . 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7n) and a barrel edge ( Fig. 5 and 6o), or a parallel slide sliding surface with a parallel slide, also with notch projection and barrel edge, is located in the slide housing at the end of the sliding surface with stuffed or un stuffed, squeezing thrust threaded spindles Fine thread or liquid eits- or gas pressure stamp are attached, a housing that has a pocket (cavern) in front of the younger end of the tapered slide sliding surface, deeper than the thickness of the tapered side of the slide, or deeper than the thickness of the parallel slide, a housing, the tube If necessary, the contact surfaces also have gripping beads that grip the gripping notches that are rolled in or cut out on the tube.

8. Procedure for retrofitting a gate valve and for through stopping flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that if necessary with high pressure or high stress with a pipe cutter instead of using cutting wheels with notched profile rollers or turning tools according to the Method 21 or 23 rolled or gripped fine gripping notches in the pipe surface Chasers are cut, then in any case afterwards with a pipe cutter of the two predetermined breaking points at the level of the intersection points or intersection areas of the Slider of the shutoff described later to be assembled under claim 7 device are machined according to the method of claim 23, then the both halves described in claim 7 with the fitted slide donated to be placed around the tube so that the gripping beads inside the Engage the pipe contact surfaces in the gripping notches on the outer wall of the pipe and the housing halves at their joints through overlapping, tapering, collating brackets or by screwable flanges and by Ver welding of all seams or only held together by welding or be sealed, then the notched pipe section through the surfaces hard slide with its notch protrusion with the help of the thrust screws or liquid or gas pressure stamp from the pipe at the predetermined breaking point is cut out, always guided by the narrow barrel rim at the front of the slide, until the slide stops the flow, while the front pipe section pushed away falls into the pocket (cavern) and thus the way for the thrust screw spindles attached for the opening process.

9. Shut-off device for retrofitting and flow stop on one pipe under pressure, characterized in that a valve housing consists of two donated halves that surround the tube and at their butts by overlapping, tapering, gathering clamps or screwing bare flanges and welding of all seams or only by welding are held together or sealed, in the closed interior of which a segment slide valve, a shear valve with a passage opening and one Chamber for receiving the disturbing pipe section is located in the slide housing on the back of the pusher and on the back and front of the segment slide valve are stuffed or un stuffed, squeezing pushers winch spindles with fine thread or liquid or gas pressure stamp on Push rods act, located, a housing that accommodates the segment shoot bers an open one, with the axis of rotation next to the pipe, somewhat eccentric next to the Has the vertex of the segmental arch, in which a little Partial radius surface located eccentrically next to the vertex of the slide that supports a segmental arch sealing surface on the opposite side with one in the arm door housing around the passage and a sealing surface thereon continued segmental open area of equal length and its outgoing Passage in the breakthrough of the pushed push-off valve behind the pressure receiving camp is a housing, the pipe contact surfaces if necessary additional Lich has gripping beads in the gripping rolled or machined on the pipe notches.

10. Procedure for retrofitting a shut-off valve and for stopping the flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized thereby records that if necessary with high pressure or high stress with a Pipe cutter instead of cutting wheels with notch rollers or turning tools Rolled fine gripping notches into the pipe surface using method 21 or 23 or with chasers, then in any case with a Pipe cutter two predetermined breaking points at the top and bottom cut points or cut surfaces of the pusher and also the sealing Segment slide valve to be assembled later described under claim 9 Shut-off device according to the method of claim 23 or by hand be frame, then the segment slide described with claim 9 Legs is placed around the pipe, the two valve body halves with the fitted scraper fitted around the segment slide, donated to the Pipe are placed so that the gripping beads inside the pipe contact surfaces of the Engage the housing in the gripping notches on the outer wall of the tube and the Halves of the housing at their joints by overlapping, tapering driving clamps or by screwable flanges and by welding all seams or only held together or sealed by welding be then the notched pipe section at the same time with the help of the thrust threaded spindles or liquid or gas pressure stamps over the bends compensating push rods out of the pipe at the predetermined breaking points is sheared until the segment slide stops the flow during the tube section pushed away at the front into the recess provided for it Chamber sags and is pressed by the scraper.

11. Shut-off device for retrofitting and stopping flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that the slide housing consists of two symmetrical, donated halves that embrace the pipe and at their joints by overlapping, tapering, gathering brackets ( Fig. 15k) or screwable flanges and welding of all seams or only by welding or held together or sealed, in the closed interior of which there is a cylindrical hollow slide ( Fig. 15t) with an internal piston plate ( Fig. 15u) and stamp ( Fig. 15v) attached to the slide housing is and closable for moving or closing of the slide two connection bores (Fig. 15p) with associated relief bore (FIG. 15r) has for returning or opening of a connection hole (FIG. 15q) identifies a housing in which the end pushed out slide a chamber for receiving the sheared pipe section tes is located and in the pipe contact surfaces, if necessary, additional gripping beads are gripped on the pipe a gripped or machined gripping notches.

12. The method for retrofitting a gate valve and for stopping the flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that if necessary at high pressure or high stress with a pipe cutter instead of using cutting wheels with notch profile rollers or turning tools according to the United 21 or 23 fine gripping notches in the pipe surface is rolled or cut with chasers, then in any case afterwards with this slider because of the curve shape predetermined breaking points ( Fig. 15a) in the amount of the intersections or cut surfaces of the cylinder slide of the locking device to be assembled later described under claim 11 with hand grinder be ground, then the two halves mentioned in claim 11 with the fitted rear sealed ( Fig. 15v) cylinder slide ( Fig. 15t) are placed around the pipe, so that the gripping beads ( Fig. 15g) inside the pipe contact surfaces of the housing into the gripping notches ( Fig. 1 5b) intervene on the outer wall of the pipe and the housing halves are held together or sealed at their joints by overlapping, tapering, gathering clamps ( Fig. 15k) or by screwable flanges and by welding all seams or only by screwing, then the notched one Section 15p is sheared out of the pipe at the predetermined breaking points by the surface-hard slider when applying liquid or gas pressure via the connection holes Fig. 15p while simultaneously opening the relief hole Fig. 15r until the slider stops the flow, while the pipe section pushed away at the front in the empty chamber falls and thus keeps the pipe passage free for the opening process which can take place via liquid or gas pressure on the connection bore Fig. 15q and relief of the connection bore Fig. 15p.

13. Shut-off device for retrofitting and flow stop on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that a slide housing is formed from two symmetrical, donated halves, which enclose the pipe and at their joints by overlapping, tapering, floating clamps ( Fig . 17k) or screwed flanges and welds at all seams or held together by welding and are sealed abge, a flat slide valve with a circular aperture is in the closed interior with tube inner diameter for advancement and Rückbewe gen blockable connection bores (Fig. 17p and q) has and to reduce friction sliding pad connection holes ( Fig. 17s), a housing in which there is a chamber at the end of the pushed out slide for receiving the sheared pipe section and in its pipe contact surfaces there are additional gripping beads, if necessary, which are rolled in or on the pipe . Grasp the gripped notches.

14. The method for retrofitting a gate valve and for stopping the flow on a pipe under pressure, characterized in that if necessary at high pressure or high stress with a Rohrab cutter instead of cutting wheels with notch profile rollers or steel bars according to the method 21 or 23 fine gripping notches in the pipe surface is rolled or cut with chasers, then in any case afterwards with a pipe cutter two predetermined breaking points at the level of the intersection or cutting surfaces of the flat slide valve to be assembled later described under claim 13 are machined with the method according to claim 23, then the housing halves described in claim 13 with the fitted slide pin are placed around the tube so that the gripping beads ( Fig. 17b) engage inside the tube contact surface of the housing in the gripping notches on the outer wall of the tube and the housing halves at their joints by over gripping tapering, gathering brackets ( Fig. 17k) or by screwable flanges and by welding all seams or only by welding or held together or sealed, then the notched pipe section through the surface-hard flat slide described with claim 13 with its notch projection first and then with the entire front surface out of the pipe using liquid or gas pressure via the connection bore Fig. 17p with the relief bore open Fig. 17q acting on the back of the slide, while at the same time the friction-reducing sliding pads formed by liquid or gas pressure via the connection holes Fig. 17s is sheared until the slide is closed and the gates are closed, the flow stops and the flame goes out, to also the time when a new connection is made on the shattered end of the tube, the slide still further depressed is and through the breakthrough the flow again, while the pipe section falls into the empty chamber and no longer disturbs, the slide can be moved back by pressure reversal and closes or opens again.

15. Shut-off devices for retrofitting and flow stops on pipes under pressure, characterized in that enclosing housings are formed from two symmetrical, donated housing halves, which grip around the pipes and, if necessary, gripping beads inside the pipe contact surfaces ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22b ), which engage in gripping notches attached to the pipes, housing halves which are sealed by overlapping, tapering, gathering clamps ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22k) at their joints by screwable flanges and welding of all seams or only by welding, and in the closed interior of which there are fully functional shut-off valves ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22) with protected, extended actuators which are led out of the housing and which can be locked into the pipe to be pressed into place ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22p) and Relief holes ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22r) have , Housing in which there are empty chambers for receiving pipe sections on the top of the fully functional special fittings ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22).

16. A method for retrofitting shut-off devices and for stopping the flow on pipes under pressure, characterized in that, if necessary, cut off with a pipe instead of using cutting wheels with notch profile rollers or turning tools according to the method 21 or 23 with gripping notches with high pressure or high loads ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22b) are rolled into the pipe surfaces or cut with chasers, then in each case afterwards with a pipe cutter each two predetermined breaking points ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22a) at the level of the intersections or cut surfaces between the guides and the guided parts of the devices to be assembled later described under claim 15 ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22) are machined with the method according to claim 23, then the housing halves described under claim 15 with the fitted fully functional shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc., protected from the housing s, extended actuators, pinned around the pipes, so that the gripping beads ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22b) engage inside the pipe contact surfaces of the housing in the gripping notches on the outer walls of the pipes and the housing halves at their joints by overlapping, tapering, gathering brackets ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22k) or by screwable flanges and by welding all seams or only by welding are held together or sealed, then the notched pipe sections through the entire front width of the surface hard described in claim 15 fully Functional shut-off valves in the open state with the help of liquid or gas pressure through the connection holes ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22p) with open relief holes ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22r) acting on the back of the shut-off valves, given, pulling in at the same time the outside, protected actuator extension or protected electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic connections, be sheared out until the fittings, pumps and measuring devices etc. are seated in their intended place and the pipe sections fall into the empty chambers, the connection holes are closed and secured, then with the fully functional capable special fittings, the pipes are closed and the flames extinguish or the pumps, measuring devices etc. come into operation.

17. Devices for retrofitting and flow stop on pipes under pressure, characterized in that from two donated, symmetrical housing halves enclosing housing arise ( Fig. 24), which include the pipes and if necessary in the case of high pressure or high stress inside the Pipe contact surfaces have gripping beads ( Fig. 24b) that grip the gripping notches attached to the pipes, housing halves that are held together at their joints by overlapping, tapering, driving clamps ( Fig. 24k) or screwable flanges and welding of all seams or only by welding all seams together or sealed and have in their closed guides with inside, fitted, fully functional shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc. and the screw-in flaps ( Fig. 24f) with lockable connection hole for liquid eit- or gas pressure and pipe section mounting / securing caps ( Fig. 24e) with relief bore, which can be screwed on at the short end, identify both caps as auxiliary housing extensions and which include final assembly securing covers ( Fig. 24g and h).

18. A method for retrofitting shut-off devices and flow stop on pipes under pressure, characterized in that in case of need under high pressure or high stress with a pipe cutter instead of using cutting wheels with notch profile rollers or turning tools according to the method 21 or 23 fine gripping notches ( Fig. 24b) are rolled into the pipe surface or cut with chasers, then in any case afterwards with a pipe cutter each two predetermined breaking points ( Fig. 24a) at the level of the intersection points or cut surfaces between the guide and the guided part, which later on assembling devices described under claim 17 are machined with the method according to claim 23, then the housing halves described under claim 17 with the fitted fully functional shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc. are placed around the pipes so that the gripping beads ( Fig. 24b) inside the pipe contact surface Chen the housing engage in the gripping notches on the outer walls of the pipes and the housing halves at their joints by overlapping, tapering, gathering clamps ( Fig. 24k) or by screwable flanges and by welding the remaining seam or only by welding the remaining Seams are held together or sealed, then the push-in ( Fig. 27f) and securing caps ( Fig. 24e) described in claim 17 are pre-screwed with the connection ( Fig. 24p) and relief bores ( Fig. 24r) and so the housing close, then the notched pipe sections through the provided with pointed wedge angles edges of the entire front width of the surface hard, fully functional shut-off valves in the open state or pumps, measuring devices etc. ( Fig. 19, 21 and 22) from the pipes with the help of liquid pressure or gas pressure via the connection holes ( Fig. 24p) with the discharge open bores ( Fig. 24r) acting on the back of the shut-off valves, given, reeved until the shut-off valves, pumps, measuring devices etc. are seated in their intended places and the pipe sections fall into the pipe section receiving and securing caps ( Fig. 24e), then with the fully functional special shut-off fittings, the pipes are closed and the flames extinguish or the pumps, measuring devices etc. come into operation, then the two auxiliary housing extensions are unscrewed and replaced by the final assembly securing cover ( Fig. 24g and h) and thus brought to a short size and the pumps, measuring devices, etc. must also be connected.

19. A method for retrofitting shut-off valves and flow stop on pipes under pressure, characterized in that the device described in claim 17 without the press-in caps on the long side of the guide, but are mounted according to the procedures described in claim 18, but then with other insertion devices in the open state, e.g. B. with heavy-duty belts ( Fig. 23j) behind the housing, along the front with a transversal bolt and between bolt and slide-in liquid or gas pressure cylinder ( Fig. 23i) or with heavy ren with threaded spindles, anchoring around the housing or in Pockets pulling extractor pushers can be inserted.

20. Device according to claims 1 to 19 for rolling or notching of ring grooves by hand around continuous round profile bars, characterized net that these from the ordinary components of pipe cutters without There are cutting wheels, but in their places profile rollers = rollers are used be while the support rollers around the order size of the desired profiles are turned freely, or where all roles are profile roles.

21. The method according to claims 1 to 19 for rolling or notching Manual ring grooves around continuous round profile bars, characterized in that that the roll-in described under claim 20 on the round profile bars directions are spanned and constantly rotating the same Rod are rolled in while simultaneously feeding in profile ring grooves.

22. The device according to claims 1 to 19 for cutting ring grooves or cutting pipes by hand on continuous pipes, characterized records that these from the usual components of pipe cutters exist without cutting wheels, in the place of support rollers and the between the support rollers one or more adjustable with screws by rotation points movable steel holder with clamped turning tools or rigid Steel holder with side pressure screws and one advance screw behind the turning tools.

23. The method according to claims 1 to 19 for cutting ring grooves or cutting pipes by hand on continuous pipes, characterized records that between the pipe cutters described in claim 22 between two support rollers turn the turning steels in the movable steel holders or the turning steels in the rigid steel holders by adjusting at the same time turning the pipe cutter clamped around the pipe into the pipe penetrate the wall and cut out one or more even ring grooves or cut pipes at right angles or diagonally with shaped bevel steel.

24. Shut-off device for liquids, gases, vapors, sand, cement, powder, flour and much more, characterized in that it is in a fitting housing block with different connection options and mounting opening, with a screwable overlapping housing cover, with a cement valve inside, on the pressure side on the valve and one sealing surface each on the housing and an equally large free space on the housing area, slightly eccentric from the vertex of the segment on the low pressure side schiebersa has a small partial radius around it, which is in a bearing against sits above the sealing surface in the housing and the one internal screw cone wind spindle or an external lever arm for moving.

25. A method for producing a segment slide valve, characterized in that through the open side of a fitting housing blank provided for clamping with contact surfaces or points when the housing is partially pivoted about the segment slide bearing bearing axis, a segment arch sealing surface around the area of an inlet leading in with a continuation thereon the same size of the raw segmental arc free surface is milled and ground, and which on the opposite side, close to the outlet in the housing, eccentrically drills or rotates and grinds a partial radius surface mounting bearing next to the segmental arch vertex and, in the case of lever arm design, has a housing opening with a sealing ring support or a sealing ring seat Stuffing box sealing device is also created or, in the case of worm screws, the fastenings and the guide for the spindle next to the inlet in the segmental sealing surface r is applied to the apex axis, then the housing cover is turned or milled, drilled and threaded and, as a counterpart to the housing cover, the segment slide housing is turned or milled and drilled, while the segment slide, as a moving part, is made from a blank Segmented arc surface rotated and ground to the sealing surface and the Teilra diusfläche about its slightly eccentric next to the vertex ( Fig. 14c) of the segmental arc cleared or milled and ground and for the lever arm version a shaft journal is rotated at the same time or the distance next to the inlet area the segmental arch sealing surface is actuated by a worm thread design with a worm thread track, then the segment slider is inserted in the area of the segmental arch free area, is installed, the worm thread spindle is screwed in and with screw plugs and the like nd the sealing ring is secured, provided with a handwheel on a square seat or, in the case of a lever arm, a shaft journal in the continuation of the part radius surface axis is pushed through the sealing ring or the stuffing box device in the slide housing opening, connected to a lever arm and connected with or without adjusting spindle, motor or locking device, then the lid is tight, the segment slide housing is screwed over and thus stabilized, so that the entire segment slide valve is ready for use.

26. Shut-off device for liquids, gases and vapors, characterized net that in a spherically shaped interior of a fitting housing a disc-shaped butterfly valve is installed, which is divided by bearing shells or guided by stub shafts, kept tight and tight, its discus cross-sectional bulge in the flow position through the spherical shape device of the housing is balanced and so the flow cross-section remains the same.