DE4102115C2 - Three-layer board - Google Patents

Three-layer board

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Publication number
DE4102115C2
DE4102115C2 DE19914102115 DE4102115A DE4102115C2 DE 4102115 C2 DE4102115 C2 DE 4102115C2 DE 19914102115 DE19914102115 DE 19914102115 DE 4102115 A DE4102115 A DE 4102115A DE 4102115 C2 DE4102115 C2 DE 4102115C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
layer
thermoplastic
board according
cover plates
layer board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE19914102115
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE4102115A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dipl Ing Schnause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHNAUSE, ROLF, DIPL.-ING., 24105 KIEL, DE
Original Assignee
Individual
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Priority to DE19914102115 priority Critical patent/DE4102115C2/en
Publication of DE4102115A1 publication Critical patent/DE4102115A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4102115C2 publication Critical patent/DE4102115C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/24—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2325/00—Polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds, e.g. polystyrene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine vom Verfahren her in der Länge nicht beschränkte Dreischichtplatte, bestehend aus einer Mittellage und beiderseitigen dehnsteifen Deckschichten, wobei die Mittellage aus miteinander unverträglichen Thermoplasten besteht, denen kleinteilige, bevorzugt flächige, nicht-thermoplastische Teilchen ungefähr gleichmäßig verteilt, zugefügt sind.The invention relates to a length that is not limited by the method Three-layer panel, consisting of a middle layer and double-sided rigid Cover layers, the middle layer of mutually incompatible thermoplastics consists of small, preferably flat, non-thermoplastic particles are distributed approximately evenly.

Bekanntgeworden ist eine Dreischichtplatte mit Alu-Deckschichten, deren Mittel­ lage aus reinem Polyethylen besteht. Es ist ferner bekannt, daß Kunststoff- Formkörper aus Mischungen unterschiedlicher Thermoplaste keinen praktischen Gebrauchswert haben, da die Festigkeitseigenschaften solcher Mischungen nur sehr gering sind. Bislang ist es nicht möglich, gebrauchstüchtige Gegenstände, geschweige denn Platten, aus unterschiedlichen Thermoplasten wie Mischungen aus Polyethylen, Polystyrol, Polypropylen und Polyvinylchlorid herzustellen.A three-layer board with aluminum cover layers, the means of which has become known layer consists of pure polyethylene. It is also known that plastic Moldings made from mixtures of different thermoplastics are not practical Have utility value because the strength properties of such mixtures only are very low. So far it is not possible to use usable objects, let alone plates made of different thermoplastics such as mixtures from polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.

Im Zuge des dualen Abfall-Sammelsystems werden jedoch aus den Haushalten in er­ heblichem Umfang die oben erwähnten Thermoplaste anfallen. Dabei wird eine Sor­ tierung in sortenreine Thermoplastabfälle nicht möglich sein. Außerdem werden Verbundkunststoffe anfallen, Verbunde aus Polyethylen, Papier und Alu-Folie. Eine Trennung nach diesem Sammelsystem ist nur für die Gruppen Metall, Glas, Papier und Kunststoff vorgesehen.However, in the course of the dual waste collection system, households are turned into it the above-mentioned thermoplastics occur to a considerable extent. A Sor categorization into unmixed thermoplastic waste may not be possible. Also be Composite plastics are created, composites made of polyethylene, paper and aluminum foil. A separation according to this collection system is only for the groups metal, glass, Paper and plastic provided.

Für diese Gruppen ist vom Gesetzgeber eine Wiederverwertung zu neuen Produkten in erheblichem Umfang gesetzlich vorgeschrieben worden.For these groups, the law requires recycling for new products have been required by law to a significant extent.

Für Glas und Metall sind Recycling-Verfahren bekannt, die eine Wiederverwertung der Abfälle ermöglichen. Dasselbe gilt für Papierabfälle, nur daß hier die anfallenden Mengen an Papierabfällen den Bedarf aus recyceltem Papier über­ schreiten. Die Forderung, aus den gesammelten in Mischung vorliegenden Kunststoffabfällen neue Produkte herzustellen, kann bisher noch nicht ent­ sprochen werden.For glass and metal, recycling processes are known that can be recycled of waste. The same applies to paper waste, only that here the amount of paper waste generated from recycled paper stride. The requirement of the collected in a mixture  To produce plastic waste new products has not yet been possible be spoken.

Deshalb hat sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe gestellt, aus den gemischten Thermo­ plastabfällen, wie sie beispielsweise bei der Sammlung von Haushaltabfällen anfallen, eine Dreischichtplatte zu entwickeln unter Verwendung von Kunststoff­ abfällen verschiedenartiger Thermoplaste unter Zumischung weiterer Abfälle in Form von Altpapier als Mittel­ lage, die beiderseits mit dehnsteifen Deckschichten verbunden ist.Therefore, the invention has set itself the task of mixed thermo plastic waste, such as that used for the collection of household waste to develop a three-layer board using plastic waste of various types of thermoplastics with the addition of further waste in the form of waste paper as a medium layer, which is connected on both sides with rigid outer layers.

Der Grund für die mangelnde Gebrauchstüchtigkeit von Formkörpern aus Mischungen unterschiedlicher Thermoplaste liegt in ihren unterschiedlichen Oberflächen-, resp. Grenzflächenspannungen. Bekanntlich werden Thermoplaste in der Schmelze zu Formkörpern verformt, z. B. nach dem Spritzgieß- oder nach dem Extrusionsver­ fahren. Die unterschiedlichen Grenzflächenspannungen führen in der Schmelze dazu, daß der eine Thermoplast sich im anderen kugelförmig zu sog. "Blasen" zusammen­ zieht. Eine Durchdringung des einen Thermoplasten in den anderen findet nicht statt. Dies führt dazu, daß die Grenze zwischen den beiden Thermoplasten wie ein Haarriß wirkt. Beide Thermoplaste haften nur aneinander.The reason for the lack of suitability for use of molded articles from mixtures different thermoplastics lies in their different surface, resp. Interfacial tensions. Thermoplastics are known to melt deformed into moldings, e.g. B. after the injection molding or after the extrusion process drive. The different interfacial tensions in the melt lead to that the one thermoplastic in the other spherical to so-called "bubbles" together pulls. There is no penetration of one thermoplastic into the other instead of. This causes the boundary between the two thermoplastics to look like one Hairline cracks. Both thermoplastics only stick together.

Unter geringen Belastungen resp. Dehnungen bricht der Formkörper an den Grenz­ flächen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Platten, bei denen eine "Blase" in ihrer Ausdehnung die Dicke der Platte erreichen kann.Under low loads resp. The molded article breaks at the limits surfaces. This is especially true for plates with a "bubble" in their Expansion can reach the thickness of the plate.

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe zur Überwindung dieses physikalischen Hindernisses ist dabei im Kennzeichnungsteil des Anspruches 1 angegeben.The solution of the task to overcome this physical obstacle is specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Die "Blasen"-Bildung des einen Thermoplasten im anderen Thermoplasten wird unter­ drückt, indem kleinteilige nicht-thermoplastische Teilchen aus Papier mit ca. 70 Gew. -% oder mehr, bevorzugt 100 Gew.-% oder mehr der Thermo­ plastmischung (=100%) zugegeben werden. Dabei liegen vorzugsweise die nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen mit ihrer größten Ausdehnung parallel oder im wesentlichen parallel zur Ober­ fläche der Dreischichtplatte in ungefähr gleichmäßigem Abstand zueinander im Thermoplastgemisch.The "bubble" formation of one thermoplastic in the other thermoplastic is under squeezes out small-sized non-thermoplastic paper particles with about 70% by weight or more, preferably 100% by weight or more of the thermo plast mixture (= 100%) are added. The non-thermoplastic particles are preferably located here with their greatest extent parallel or essentially parallel to the upper surface of the three-layer board at an approximately uniform distance from each other in a thermoplastic mixture.

Die Mittellage ist beiderseitig mit dehnsteifen Deckplatten verbunden, wobei vorzugsweise mit einem Verhältnis der Deckschichtdicke zur Dicke der Mittellage zwischen 1 : 4 bis 1 : 20 (je Deckschicht) gearbeitet wird.The middle layer is connected on both sides with rigid cover plates, preferably with a ratio of the cover layer thickness to the thickness of the middle layer between 1: 4 to 1: 20 (per top layer) is worked.

Die Zumischung der nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen in Form von Papierschnitzeln zu der Mischung verschieden­ artiger Thermoplaste bewirkt bei der oben beschriebenen Verteilung, daß statt der "Blasen" nur dünnschichtige Plättchen entstehen können, deren Dicke höchstens dem Abstand der nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen entsprechen. Dabei haften die Plättchen an den nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen, die dabei die Grenzflächen der unterschiedlichen Thermoplaste überbrücken. Die Zugfestigkeit richtet sich somit nicht mehr nach der Haftfestigkeit der unterschiedlichen Thermoplaste an­ einander oder nach der Schwächung des die Matrix bildenden Thermoplasten, sondern nach dem Haftvermögen der Thermoplaste an den nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen. Eventuelle Fehlstellen des Überbrückungsmechanismus können u. U. zu einer Reduktion der Festigkeit führen.The admixture of the non-thermoplastic particles in the form of paper chips to the mixture is different like thermoplastics causes in the distribution described above that instead the "bubbles" can only form thin-layered platelets, the maximum thickness of which  correspond to the distance of the non-thermoplastic particles. The are liable Platelets on the non-thermoplastic particles, forming the interfaces bridging the different thermoplastics. The tensile strength depends thus no longer according to the adhesive strength of the different thermoplastics one another or after the weakening of the thermoplastic forming the matrix, but on the adhesiveness of the thermoplastics to the non-thermoplastic particles. Any defects in the bridging mechanism can U. to a reduction of strength.

Dies wird jedoch kompensiert durch die zugfesten und dehnsteifen Deckplatten, wie sie z. B. dünne Schichtstoffpreßmassen darstellen. Diese Deckplatten wirken wie Membrane, die von der Mittellage auch unter Biege- und Beulbelastung auf Ab­ stand gehalten werden, wobei die Mittellage die Druckspannungen aufnimmt.However, this is compensated by the tensile and stretch-resistant cover plates, as they e.g. B. represent thin laminate molding compounds. These cover plates look like Membrane that extends from the middle layer to Ab be maintained, with the middle layer absorbing the compressive stresses.

Der Mittellage können flammhemmende Zusätze etwa auf Bromgrundlage oder Alu­ hydroxid zugesetzt werden, desgleichen Farbstoffe.The middle layer can contain flame retardant additives such as bromine or aluminum hydroxide are added, as are dyes.

Die Beimischung duroplastischer Teilchen oder Schmutzteilchen, wie es bei der Sammlung von Haushalt-Kunststoffteilen möglich ist, verändern nicht die vorteil­ haften Eigenschaften der Dreischichtplatte nach der Erfindung. Die Dreischicht­ platte bleibt steif auch bei dünner Gesamtdicke, die zwischen 1,5 und 20 mm liegt, vorzugsweise zwischen 3 und 12 mm.The admixture of thermosetting particles or dirt particles, as is the case with Collection of household plastic parts is possible, do not change the advantage adhere properties of the three-layer board according to the invention. The three-layer plate remains stiff even with a thin overall thickness that is between 1.5 and 20 mm is preferably between 3 and 12 mm.

Die Wasseraufnahme der Dreischichtplatte liegt unter 1%. Damit eignet sich die Platte vorzüglich für den Möbel- und Hausbau unter feuchten Bedingungen.The water absorption of the three-layer board is less than 1%. This makes the Plate ideal for furniture and house building in damp conditions.

Bei Verwendung von Schichtstoffpreßplatten als Deckplatten läßt sich die Oberfläche durch Lackieren, Prägen und Bedrucken finishieren.When using laminate press plates as cover plates, the Finish the surface by painting, embossing and printing.

Die Verbindung der Deckschichten zur Mittellage erfolgt durch Kleben. Erfahrungs­ gemäß beträgt der Hauptanteil an Abfall-Thermoplasten Polyethylen. Dieser Thermo­ plast läßt sich infolge seiner unpolaren Struktur nur nach Vorbehandlung verkle­ ben. Dies geschieht durch Beflammen der Oberfläche oder durch ionisierende Strah­ len. Bei der Mittellage nach der Erfindung ist dies nicht erforderlich. Die nicht­ thermoplastischen Teilchen an der Oberfläche der Mittellage ergeben die erforder­ liche Haftung.The cover layers are connected to the middle layer by gluing. Experience the majority of waste thermoplastics is polyethylene. This thermo Due to its non-polar structure, plast can only be coated after pretreatment ben. This is done by flaming the surface or by ionizing radiation len. In the middle position according to the invention, this is not necessary. They don't thermoplastic particles on the surface of the middle layer give the required liability.

Bevorzugt werden entweder Kleber auf wässeriger Grundlage oder Klebefilme wegen der einschränken­ den Arbeitsplatzvorschriften bei Klebern auf Lösungsmittelbasis. Geeignet ist ein konfektionierter Harnstoffharzleim oder Ethylenmischpolymerisat-Klebefolien.Either water-based adhesives or adhesive films are preferred because of the restrictions the workplace regulations for solvent-based adhesives. Suitable is  a ready-made urea resin glue or ethylene copolymer adhesive films.

Eine beispielhafte Ausführung zeigen die Fig. 1 und Fig. 2.An exemplary embodiment of Figs. 1 and FIG. 2.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Teil einer Dreischichtplatte und Fig. 2 zeigt vergrößert einen Teil aus dem Schnitt nach Fig. 1. FIG. 1 shows a section through part of a three-layer plate and FIG. 2 shows an enlarged part of the section according to FIG. 1.

Im einzelnen stellen dar:
1 und 2 die beiden Deckschichten, 3 die Mittellage, 7 den Kleberfilm.In detail:
1 and 2 the two cover layers, 3 the middle layer, 7 the adhesive film.

In Fig. 2: 1 die Deckschicht, 4 einen Thermoplastanteil der Thermoplastmischung und 5 einen zweiten Thermoplasten. 6 zeigt ein Teil von vielen nicht-thermoplastischen Teilen.In Fig. 2: 1 the cover layer, 4 a thermoplastic portion of the thermoplastic mixture and 5 a second thermoplastic. 6 shows part of many non-thermoplastic parts.

Wie bereits erwähnt gibt es Kunststoff-Verbundabfälle, bei denen Thermoplaste mit Alu-Folien verbunden sind. Die Mittellage der Dreischichtplatte kann bis über 40 Gew.-% Alu-Folie enthalten. Dies ergibt Dreischichtplatten, die wegen ihrer hohen Wichte sich für schalldämmende Zwecke eignen. Außerdem fallen solche Platten unter die Brandklasse B2. Solche Platten laden sich elektrisch nicht auf. Bei einem Einsatz im Möbelbau ziehen sie keinen Staub an.As already mentioned, there is plastic composite waste in which thermoplastics are connected with aluminum foils. The middle layer of the three-layer board can be up to contain over 40% by weight of aluminum foil. This results in three-layer panels that are due to their high weights are suitable for soundproofing purposes. In addition, such fall Panels under fire class B2. Such plates do not charge electrically on. When used in furniture construction, they do not attract dust.

Unter "dehnsteifer Deckplatte" werden hier neben der bevorzugten Schichtpreßstoff­ platte auch Platten aus den Werkstoffen wie Metall, Holz, Papier und faserver­ stärktem Kunststoff beispielhaft verstanden.In addition to the preferred laminate, "rigid top plate" is used here plate also made of materials such as metal, wood, paper and fiber strengthened plastic understood as an example.

Claims (20)

1. Dreischichtplatte, bestehend aus einer im Extrusionsverfahren hergestellten Mittellage (3) aus einer thermoplastischen Matrix und darin eingebetteten, nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen (6) sowie beiderseits mit der Mittellage (3) vollflächig verbunden Deckschichten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die thermoplastische Matrix aus einem Thermoplast-Gemisch verschiedenartiger, miteinander nicht verträglichen Thermoplaste (Thermoplast-Anteile 4, 5) besteht, in dem mindestens 70 Gewichtsteile Papierschnitzel als nicht-thermoplastische Teilchen (6) auf 100 Gewichtsteile des Thermoplast-Gemisches gleichmäßig verteilt sind und daß die Deckschichten als dehnsteife Deckplatten (1, 2) ausgebildet sind. 1. Three-layer plate, consisting of a middle layer ( 3 ) made in the extrusion process from a thermoplastic matrix and embedded therein, non-thermoplastic particles ( 6 ) and on both sides with the middle layer ( 3 ) fully connected cover layers, characterized in that the thermoplastic matrix from one Thermoplastic mixture of different, incompatible thermoplastics (thermoplastic parts 4 , 5 ), in which at least 70 parts by weight of shredded paper as non-thermoplastic particles ( 6 ) are evenly distributed over 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic mixture and that the cover layers as stretch-resistant cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) are formed. 2. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die miteinander nicht verträglichen Thermoplaste der Mittellage (3) im wesentlichen aus Polyethylen Polystyrol, Polypropylen oder Polyvinylchlorid bestehen, wobei zu der Mischung mindestens zwei dieser Thermoplaste gehören.2. Three-layer board according to claim 1, characterized in that the mutually incompatible thermoplastics of the middle layer ( 3 ) consist essentially of polyethylene polystyrene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride, with the mixture comprising at least two of these thermoplastics. 3. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil der kleinteiligen nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen (6), bezogen auf den thermoplastischen Anteil, 100% oder mehr beträgt. 3. Three-layer board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the small-part non-thermoplastic particles ( 6 ), based on the thermoplastic proportion, is 100% or more. 4. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nicht-thermoplastischen Teilchen (6) in ihrer größten Ausdehnung parallel oder im wesentlichen parallel zu der Oberfläche der Dreischicht-Platte liegen.4. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the non-thermoplastic particles ( 6 ) in their greatest extent are parallel or substantially parallel to the surface of the three-layer plate. 5. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittellage (3) flammhemmende Zusätze enthält.5. Three-layer board according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the middle layer ( 3 ) contains flame retardant additives. 6. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die flammhemmenden Zusätze Bromverbindungen enthalten.6. Three-layer board according to claim 5, characterized in that the flame retardant additives contain bromine compounds. 7. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die flammhemmenden Zusätze aus Aluminiumhydroxid bestehen.7. Three-layer board according to claim 5, characterized in that the flame retardant additives consist of aluminum hydroxide. 8. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dehnsteifen Deckplatten (1, 2) aus Schichtstoff-Preßplatten bestehen.8. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) consist of laminated press plates. 9. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dehnsteifen Deckplatten (1, 2) aus Leichtmetall oder Stahl bestehen.9. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) consist of light metal or steel. 10. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dehnsteifen Deckplatten (1, 2) auf der Grundlage von Papier aufgebaut sind.10. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) are constructed on the basis of paper. 11. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche der Schichtstoff-Preßplatte durch Lackieren, Prägen und Bedrucken behandelt ist.11. Three-layer board according to claim 8, characterized in that the Surface of the laminate press plate by painting, embossing and printing is treated. 12. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dehnsteifen Deckplatten (1, 2) aus Holz bestehen.12. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) consist of wood. 13. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dehnsteifen Deckplatten (1, 2) aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff bestehen. 13. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) consist of fiber-reinforced plastic. 14. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plattendicke zwischen 1,5 und 20 mm beträgt, vorzugsweise zwischen 3 u. 12 mm.14. Three-layer board according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the plate thickness is between 1.5 and 20 mm, preferably between 3 u. 12 mm. 15. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Dickenverhältnis von Mittellage (3) zu jeder der beiden Deckplatten (1, 2) zwischen 1 : 4 und 1 : 20 liegt.15. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the thickness ratio of the middle layer ( 3 ) to each of the two cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) is between 1: 4 and 1:20. 16. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittellage (3) und die beiderseitigen Deckplatten (1, 2) durch Kleben miteinander ver­ bunden sind.16. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the middle layer ( 3 ) and the bilateral cover plates ( 1 , 2 ) are connected to each other by gluing. 17. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kleben mittels eines wäßrigen Harnstoffharzleim erfolgt.17. Three-layer board according to claim 16, characterized in that the Gluing is carried out using an aqueous urea resin glue. 18. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verklebung mittels einer Klebefolie erfolgt.18. Three-layer board according to claim 16, characterized in that the Gluing is done with an adhesive film. 19. Dreischichtige Platte nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klebefolie aus einem Ethylen-Mischpolymerisat besteht.19. Three-layer board according to claim 18, characterized in that the adhesive film consists of an ethylene copolymer. 20. Dreischichtige Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1-19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittellage (3) nicht-thermoplastische Teilchen aus kleinteiliger Aluminiumfolie in einem Anteil bis über 40 Gew.-% enthält.20. Three-layer plate according to one of claims 1-19, characterized in that the middle layer ( 3 ) contains non-thermoplastic particles made of small-sized aluminum foil in a proportion of up to 40% by weight.
DE19914102115 1991-01-25 1991-01-25 Three-layer board Expired - Fee Related DE4102115C2 (en)

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DE4226837A1 (en) * 1992-04-22 1994-02-17 Schnause Rolf Dipl Ing Cooling sheet of extruded thermoplastic and paper waste - uses endless steel band to support sheet while cooling
DE4228409A1 (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-03 Messing Oliver Plate for panelling, sepn. or support purposes - has with its core of waste material a cpd. comprising thin layered metal and plastic material.
DE4231097C2 (en) * 1992-09-17 1997-09-11 Evd Gmbh Process for producing a composite particle body and the body produced according to this
DE4333187C2 (en) * 1993-05-25 1997-04-10 Tesch G H Shaped body with a web containing paper

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AT327519B (en) * 1972-02-14 1976-02-10 Rhenodur Gmbh METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPRESSED PLATES OR MOLDED BODIES
JPS55211B2 (en) * 1972-03-23 1980-01-07
DE2340505A1 (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-02-20 Regal Packaging Ltd Flat plastic products from thermoplastic scrap - by heating-pressing mat formed from granulated raw material
DE2402976B2 (en) * 1974-01-22 1977-12-29 Ets. Paturle S.A, St-Laurent-du-Pont (Frankreich) CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURING
DE7440735U (en) * 1974-12-06 1975-10-30 Lesti Klaus PreBstoffplatte
FR2296513A1 (en) * 1974-12-31 1976-07-30 Inst Nat Rech Chimique MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF FINISHED OR SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FROM MIXTURES OF WASTE OF DIFFERENT SYNTHETIC RESINS
ES507295A0 (en) * 1981-11-19 1982-09-01 Artiaga Rodriguez Soledad PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF BODIES OR PARTS.
DE3837125A1 (en) * 1988-11-02 1990-05-03 Signode System Gmbh Process for the production of mouldings from metal and a thermoplastic

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