DE403964C - Image doubling system - Google Patents

Image doubling system

Info

Publication number
DE403964C
DE403964C DEN22458D DEN0022458D DE403964C DE 403964 C DE403964 C DE 403964C DE N22458 D DEN22458 D DE N22458D DE N0022458 D DEN0022458 D DE N0022458D DE 403964 C DE403964 C DE 403964C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
doubling system
image
image doubling
reflective
completely
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEN22458D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitsche & Guenther Optische We
Original Assignee
Nitsche & Guenther Optische We
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitsche & Guenther Optische We filed Critical Nitsche & Guenther Optische We
Priority to DEN22458D priority Critical patent/DE403964C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE403964C publication Critical patent/DE403964C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/106Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/144Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using partially transparent surfaces without spectral selectivity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/148Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only including stacked surfaces having at least one double-pass partially reflecting surface

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Description

Bildverdopplungssystem. Zur Verdopplung oder Vermehrfachung von Bildern bei Ophthalmometern, Entfernungsmessern u. dgl. werden insbesondere Prismen, dezentrierte Linsen und doppelt brechende Stoffe verwendet.Image doubling system. For doubling or multiplying images In the case of ophthalmometers, range finders and the like, prisms in particular are decentered Lenses and double refractive materials are used.

Die Nachteile dieser bisher angewandten Mittel sind folgende: Bei der Verwendung von Prismen und dezentrierten Linsen wird die Austrittspupille geteilt. Hierdurch- ist es erforderlich, dafür zu sorgen, äaß die Trennungslinie genau durch die Mitte der Augenpupille geht, da sonst die Helligkeiten der beiden Teilbilder verschieden ausfallen. Bei Benutzung doppelt brechender Stoffe sind zwar diese Nachteile nicht vorhanden, aber es treten schwer zu beseitigende Farbenfehler auf; auch ist der Materialpreis verhältnismäßig hoch. Diese Schwierigkeiten können durch die geeignete Anordnung zweier oder. mehrerer reflektierender Planflächen, die, einen oder mehrere spitze Winkel miteinander bilden, überwunden werden. In Abb. i ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel dar= gestellt, in dem Fläche I vollkommen reflektieren und Fläche II dadurch nur zum Teil reflektieren soll, daß z. B. in bekannter Weise ein durchsichtig spiegelnder Silberniederschlag auf eine Glasplatte gebracht wird. Ein solcher Beschlag reflektiert auf beiden, Seiten annähernd in derselben Weise. Je nach Wahl der Verspiegelung der Fläche I I entstehen Teilbilder von verschiedener oder gleicher Helligkeit. Ist die Helligkeit des., auffallenden Lichtes = Jo, so reflektiert Fläche II, wenn sie entsprechend verspiegelt ist, beispielsweise J'1= o,4 Jo, und läßt J1= o,6 je hindurch. Dieses Licht J, wird durch Fläche I vollständig reflektiert und auf die andere Seite der Fläche II geworfen. Hier wird der Betrag J'2 = 0,4 J1 abgelenkt, und J2 = o,6 J1 geht durch Fläche II hindurch. Da J, = o,6 Jo ist, so ist J2 = o,6 # o,6 Jo = 0,36 Jo oder rund 0,4 Jo. Da beide Flächen im Winkel zueinander stehen, sind die Bilder gegeneinander verschoben. Diese Anordnung läßt `sich so treffen, daß sie den verschiedensten Anforderungen genügt. Man kann die. durchlässige Spiegelfläche durch die Wahl der Dicke des Silberüberzuges den gegebenen Bedingungen gemäß verspiegeln. Abb. 2 zeigt die schematische Anordnung des Bildverdopplungssystems D, in Verbindung mit Hilfsspiegeln SI, S2 und 'S3 in einem Gerät zum Untersuchen der Augen.The disadvantages of these previously used means are as follows: When using prisms and decentered lenses, the exit pupil is divided. As a result, it is necessary to ensure that the dividing line goes exactly through the center of the pupil of the eye, since otherwise the brightnesses of the two partial images will be different. When using double-refracting fabrics, these disadvantages do not exist, but color defects that are difficult to eliminate occur; the material price is also relatively high. These difficulties can be avoided by the appropriate arrangement of two or. several reflective planar surfaces that form one or more acute angles with one another, are overcome. In Fig. I an embodiment is shown in which surface I should reflect completely and surface II should only partially reflect that, for. B. is brought in a known manner a transparent reflective silver deposit on a glass plate. Such a fitting reflects on both sides in approximately the same way. Depending on the choice of mirroring of the surface II, partial images of different or the same brightness result. If the brightness of the incident light = Jo, then surface II reflects if it is mirrored accordingly, for example J'1 = 0.4 Jo, and lets J1 = 0.6 each pass through. This light J is completely reflected by surface I and thrown onto the other side of surface II. Here the amount J'2 = 0.4 J1 is deflected, and J2 = 0.6 J1 passes through area II. Since J, = o.6 is Jo, then J2 = o, 6 # o, 6 Jo = 0.36 Jo or around 0.4 Jo. Since both surfaces are at an angle to each other, the images are shifted against each other. This arrangement can be made to meet a wide variety of requirements. You can. Mirror the transparent mirror surface by choosing the thickness of the silver coating according to the given conditions. Fig. 2 shows the schematic arrangement of the image doubling system D, in connection with auxiliary mirrors SI, S2 and S3 in a device for examining the eyes.

Ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt Abb. 3. Die Fläche II ist hier nur teilweise verspiegelt, wie es z. B. aus djer deutschen Patentschrift 92867 bereits bekannt ist. Jedes Flächenteilchen 11 reflektiert vollkommen, die anschließenden Flächenteilchen f2 sind durchsichtig. Es würde dann die Fläche schachbrettartig ausfallen. Eine andere Möglichkeit ist, wie Abb. q. zeigt, dadurch gegeben, daß die durchlässige Spiegelfläche mit feinen Silberlinien versehen wird, so daß jedesmal ein nichtreflektierendes Teilchen by mit einem reflektierenden Teilchen b2 abwechselt. Durch Vermehrung der Spiegelpaare kann eine Bildvervielfachung hervorgerufen werden.Another embodiment is shown in Fig. 3. Area II is here only partially mirrored, as is the case with B. from djer German Patent 92867 already is known. Each surface particle 11 completely reflects the subsequent ones Surface particles f2 are transparent. The area would then be like a checkerboard fail. Another possibility is as Fig. Q. shows given by the fact that the transparent mirror surface is provided with fine silver lines, so that every time a non-reflective particle by alternates with a reflective particle b2. By increasing the number of mirror pairs, the image can be multiplied.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Bildverdopplungssystem, gekennzeichnet durch zwei im spitzen Winkel zueinander stehende reflektierende Planflächen, von denen die eine das Licht vollkommen reflektiert und die andere teilweise lichtdurchlässig ist und teilweise so reflektiert, daß die Reflektionsbilder genau oder annähernd die gleiche Helligkeit haben. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Image doubling system, characterized by two reflective flat surfaces at an acute angle to one another, one of which completely reflects the light and the other is partially translucent and partially reflected so that the reflection images have exactly or approximately the same brightness. 2. Bildverd-opplungssystem nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß. der Winkel der beiden Spiegel veränderbar ist. 2. Bildverd-opplungssystem according to claim i, characterized marked that. the angle of the two mirrors can be changed. 3. Bildverdopplungssystem nach Anspruch i, gekennzeichnet durch ein Prisma, als Träger der beiden reflektierenden Schichten. q.. Bildverdopplungssystem nach Anspruch i, 2, 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Einschaltung mehrerer vollkommen reflektierender Flächen (S1, S2, Sg) in den Strahlengang zwischen dem Verdopplungssystem und dem Orte der Beobachtung. 3. image doubling system according to claim i, characterized by a prism, as a carrier of the two reflective layers. q .. image doubling system according to claim 1, 2, 3, characterized by the inclusion of several completely reflecting surfaces (S1, S2, Sg) in the beam path between the doubling system and the place of observation.
DEN22458D 1923-09-29 1923-09-29 Image doubling system Expired DE403964C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEN22458D DE403964C (en) 1923-09-29 1923-09-29 Image doubling system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEN22458D DE403964C (en) 1923-09-29 1923-09-29 Image doubling system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE403964C true DE403964C (en) 1924-10-10

Family

ID=7342158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEN22458D Expired DE403964C (en) 1923-09-29 1923-09-29 Image doubling system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE403964C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2336696A1 (en) * 1975-12-23 1977-07-22 Nasa METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIVIDING A RADIATION OF ENERGY

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2336696A1 (en) * 1975-12-23 1977-07-22 Nasa METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIVIDING A RADIATION OF ENERGY

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