DE4025138A1 - Defrosting liquefied gas vaporiser - involves directing some gas from after-heater through group being defrosted - Google Patents

Defrosting liquefied gas vaporiser - involves directing some gas from after-heater through group being defrosted

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Publication number
DE4025138A1
DE4025138A1 DE19904025138 DE4025138A DE4025138A1 DE 4025138 A1 DE4025138 A1 DE 4025138A1 DE 19904025138 DE19904025138 DE 19904025138 DE 4025138 A DE4025138 A DE 4025138A DE 4025138 A1 DE4025138 A1 DE 4025138A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
heated
group
defrosted
evaporators
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19904025138
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Klaus Markhoff
Horst Heinrici
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority to DE19904025138 priority Critical patent/DE4025138A1/en
Publication of DE4025138A1 publication Critical patent/DE4025138A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/20—Control for stopping, deriming or defrosting after an emergency shut-down of the installation or for back up system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The method defrosts air-heated vaporisers (4) for liquefied gas with low boiling point, it uses two or more separately-operated groups (1,2,3) connected to a common after-heater (6) for the vaporised gas. The group (3) to be defrosted is not supplied with liquefied gas. Part of the gas heated in the after-heater is directed through the group of vaporisers to be defrosted, and is then re-mixed with the heated gas. USE/ADVANTAGE - Air-heated vaporiser for liquefied gas. Easy and rapid ice removal irrespective of ambient temp.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abtauen luft­ beheizter Verdampfer für tiefsiedende verflüssigte Gase, welche in mindestens zwei getrennt zu betreibende Gruppen aufgeteilt sind, nach dem Oberbegriff des An­ spruches 1.The invention relates to a method for defrosting air heated evaporator for low-boiling liquefied Gases, which are to be operated separately in at least two Groups are divided according to the generic term of the An saying 1.

Mit zu Gruppen zusammen geschlossenen luftbeheizten Verdampfern lassen sich große Mengen tiefsiedender ver­ flüssigter Gase verdampfen. Auf diese Weise werden bei­ spielsweise Grubenbrände mit Stickstoff inertisiert und die Verdampferanlagen sind oft monatelang, manchmal jahrelang, im Einsatz. Ein anderes Einsatzgebiet ist die Versorgung von Stahlwerken mit flüssigem Sauerstoff in solchen Fällen, in denen eine direkte Versorgung mit gasförmigem Sauerstoff aus Rohrleitungen nicht möglich ist. Die Verdampfung des flüssigen Gases erfolgt hier­ bei in Rippenrohrwärmeaustauschern durch Wärmezufuhr aus der umgebenden Luft. Hierbei friert die in der Luft vorhandene Feuchtigkeit aus, so daß die Rippenrohre fortschreitend vereisen. Der thermische Wirkungsgrad der Verdampfer wird dadurch ständig schlechter. Die Temperatur des verdampften Gases sinkt und die erfor­ derliche Energie zum Nachwärmen des verdampften Gases auf die erforderliche Endtemperatur steigt. Um die Ver­ eisung zu entfernen, betreibt man die luftbeheizten Verdampfer in mehreren Gruppen. Zum Abtauen wird eine Gruppe aus dem Leistungsbetrieb herausgenommen und die warme Umgebungsluft bewirkt ein allmähliches Abtauen des gebildeten Eises. Dieses Verfahren arbeitet jedoch nur bei genügend hohen Umgebungstemperaturen befriedi­ gend. Etwa ab Temperaturen von 5°C werden die Abtau­ zeiten sehr lang oder es wird bei noch tieferen Tempe­ raturen überhaupt kein Eis mehr abgetaut. Das Eis muß dann beispielsweise von Hand abgeschlagen werden, eine mühsame und nicht ungefährliche Arbeit, durch welche die Verdampfer zudem beschädigt werden können.With air-heated units grouped together Large amounts of low-boiling evaporators can be used evaporate liquid gases. That way, at for example, mine fires inerted with nitrogen and the evaporator systems are often for months, sometimes for years, in use. Another area of application is supplying steelworks with liquid oxygen in cases where a direct supply with gaseous oxygen from pipelines not possible  is. The vaporization of the liquid gas takes place here in finned tube heat exchangers by supplying heat from the surrounding air. This freezes in the air existing moisture, so that the finned tubes progressively freeze. The thermal efficiency the evaporator gets worse and worse. The The temperature of the vaporized gas drops and the requ energy to reheat the vaporized gas to the required final temperature. To the ver to remove ice, you operate the air-heated Evaporators in several groups. For defrosting, one Group removed from service and the warm ambient air causes a gradual defrosting of the ice formed. However, this procedure works only at sufficiently high ambient temperatures enough. From around 5 ° C, the defrost times very long or it gets even lower ice no longer defrosted at all. The ice must then be knocked off by hand, for example tedious and dangerous work, by which the evaporators can also be damaged.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, welche es ermöglichen, das auf luftbeheizten Verdampfern für tiefsiedende verflüssigte Gase gebildete Eis unabhängig von der Außentemperatur leicht und schnell zu entfernen.The invention is therefore based on the object To provide methods and an apparatus which enable that on air heated vaporizers for low-boiling liquefied gases formed ice independently easy and quick to remove from the outside temperature.

Ausgehend von dem im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 be­ rücksichtigten Stand der Technik ist diese Aufgabe er­ findungsgemäß gelöst mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.Based on the be in the preamble of claim 1 considering the state of the art, this task is he solved according to the invention with those in the characterizing part of claim 1 specified features.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Advantageous developments of the invention are in the Subclaims specified.  

Die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme, die luftbeheizten Ver­ dampfer durch einen Teilstrom des warmen verdampften Gases von innen aufzutauen, hat den Vorteil, daß nicht die gesamte Eismasse geschmolzen werden muß. Nach dem Auftauen einer dünnen Eisschicht am Rippenrohr rutscht der gesamte Eismantel ab und die Verdampfer sind wieder für den Betrieb unter optimalen Bedingungen bereit. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat daher nicht nur bei nie­ drigen Umgebungstemperaturen Vorteile, sondern auch bei hohen. Das Abtauen erfordert vergleichsweise wenig Energie. Es kann vollautomatisch erfolgen, indem mit­ tels einer Umschalteinrichtung die jeweils am stärksten vereiste Verdampfergruppe aus dem Leistungsbetrieb her­ ausgenommen und abgetaut wird. Die Umschalteinrich­ tung kann beispielsweise durch die Temperatur des ver­ dampften Gases hinter jeder Verdampfergruppe gesteuert werden, da die Temperatur des verdampften Gases um so niedriger ist, je dicker die gebildete Eisschicht ist. Es können jedoch auch andere Parameter, beispielsweise die Dicke der gebildeten Eisschicht, zum Steuern der Umschalteinrichtung dienen. Das Umschalten kann auch im vorgegebenen Zeittakt, gegebenenfalls abhängig von der Umgebungstemperatur, erfolgen.The measure according to the invention, the air-heated Ver steamer vaporized by a partial flow of warm Defrosting gas from the inside has the advantage that it does not the entire mass of ice must be melted. After this Thawing a thin layer of ice on the finned tube slips the entire ice jacket off and the evaporators are back ready for operation under optimal conditions. The The method according to the invention has therefore not only never other ambient temperatures advantages, but also at high. Defrosting requires comparatively little Energy. It can be done fully automatically by using by means of a switching device, the strongest in each case iced evaporator group from the power operation is gutted and defrosted. The switching device tion can, for example, by the temperature of the ver vaporized gas controlled behind each evaporator group be because the temperature of the vaporized gas all the more is lower, the thicker the ice layer formed. However, other parameters can also be used, for example the thickness of the ice layer formed, to control the Switching device serve. Switching can also be done in predetermined timing, depending on the Ambient temperature.

Der zum Abtauen erforderliche Energiebedarf ist gering, da nur eine dünne Eisschicht aufgetaut werden muß. Die Verdampfer können problemlos häufig abgetaut werden, so daß sich gar nicht eine dicke Eisschicht bilden kann. Dadurch lassen sich die Verdampfer unter thermisch günstigeren Bedingungen betreiben. Der Wirkungsgrad der Anlage wird verbessert und die Versorgungssicherheit im Dauerbetrieb erhöht. Wegen des verbesserten Wirkungs­ grades kann die Anlage auch mit weniger Verdampfern be­ trieben werden, so daß sich die Investitionskosten ver­ ringern. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist in erster Linie für die Verdampfung großer Mengen tiefsiedender verflüssiger Gase gedacht, beispielsweise in drei Grup­ pen von je fünf luftbeheizten Verdampfern. Sinngemäß läßt es sich jedoch auch dann durchführen, wenn die gesamte Anlage beispielsweise nur aus zwei Gruppen von Verdampfern besteht und jede Gruppe nur aus einem Ver­ dampfer.The energy requirement for defrosting is low, since only a thin layer of ice needs to be thawed. The Evaporators can be defrosted frequently without any problems, so that a thick layer of ice cannot form at all. This allows the evaporators to be under thermal operate more favorable conditions. The efficiency of the Plant is improved and security of supply in the Continuous operation increased. Because of the improved effectiveness the system can also be used with fewer evaporators are driven so that the investment costs ver wrestle. The method according to the invention is first  Line for the evaporation of large amounts of low-boiling liquefied gases thought, for example in three groups pen of five air-heated evaporators. Analogous However, it can also be carried out when the entire system, for example, only from two groups of Evaporators and each group consists of only one ver Steam boat.

Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht in vereinfachter Form eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens für die Verdampfung von flüssigem Stickstoff.The drawing illustrates in a simplified form a device for performing the invention Process for the evaporation of liquid nitrogen.

Die Einrichtung besteht aus drei Gruppen 1, 2, 3 von je fünf luftbeheizten Verdampfern 4 zur Verdampfung von flüssigem Stickstoff. Der flüssige Stickstoff gelangt aus dem Speicher 5 in die Verdampfergruppen 1, 2, 3. Der dort verdampfte Stickstoff gelangt in den gemeinsamen Nachwärmer 6, wo er auf die benötigte Temperatur ange­ wärmt wird, und über die Sammelleitung 7 zum Verbrau­ cher. Am Eingang und am Ausgang jeder Verdampfergruppe 1, 2, 3 befinden sich Stellventile 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, wel­ che pneumatisch oder magnetisch betrieben werden können. Jede Gruppe 1, 2, 3 von luftbeheizten Verdampfern 4 kann durch Absperrventile 14 völlig vom laufenden Betrieb abgeschaltet werden. Desgleichen kann die Zufuhr des flüssigen Stickstoffs aus dem Speicher 5 durch das Ab­ sperrventil 15 unterbunden werden. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Stellventile 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 an eine Umschaltein­ richtung 16 angeschlossen. Erfindungsgemäß ist ferner in der Sammelleitung 7 ein weiteres Stellventil 17 an­ geordnet, welches ebenfalls an die Umschalteinrichtung 18 angeschlossen ist und von dem eine Abzweigleitung 18 zu den Stellventilen 8, 10, 12 an den Eingängen der Ver­ dampfergruppen 1, 2, 3 führt. The device consists of three groups 1 , 2 , 3 of five air-heated evaporators 4 for the evaporation of liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen passes from the store 5 into the evaporator groups 1 , 2 , 3 . The nitrogen vaporized there passes into the common reheater 6 , where it is heated to the required temperature, and via the manifold 7 to the consumer. At the entrance and exit of each evaporator group 1 , 2 , 3 there are control valves 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , which can be operated pneumatically or magnetically. Each group 1 , 2 , 3 of air-heated evaporators 4 can be completely shut off from the current operation by shut-off valves 14 . Likewise, the supply of liquid nitrogen from the memory 5 can be prevented by the shut-off valve 15 . According to the control valves 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 are connected to a Umschaltein device 16 . According to the invention, a further control valve 17 is also arranged in the manifold 7 , which is also connected to the switching device 18 and from which a branch line 18 to the control valves 8 , 10 , 12 leads to the inputs of the evaporator groups 1 , 2 , 3 .

Dargestellt ist die Betriebssituation, in welcher die Verdampfergruppen 1 und 2 flüssigen Stickstoff ver­ dampfen, während die Verdampfergruppe 3 abgetaut wird. Der Weg des Stickstoffs ist hierbei durch dick gezeich­ nete Linien dargestellt. Die Verdampfergruppe 3 wird abgetaut und hierzu erfindungsgemäß von warmem Stick­ stoff durchströmt, der vom Stellventil 17 durch die Abzweigleitung 18 und das Stellventil 12 in die Ver­ dampfergrupe 3 geleitet wird. Er erwärmt hierbei von innen die luftbeheizten Verdampfer 4 und taut eine dün­ ne Eisschicht auf deren Rippenrohren auf. Nach kurzer Zeit rutscht dann der gesamte gebildete Eismantel ab. Der hierbei abgekühlte gasförmige Stickstoff gelangt dann über das Stellventil 13 und die Leitung 19 zurück in die Sammelleitung 7. Der Weg dieses gasförmigen, dem Abtauen dienenden Stickstoffs ist durch gestrichelte Linien dargestellt.The operating situation is shown in which the evaporator groups 1 and 2 evaporate liquid nitrogen while the evaporator group 3 is being defrosted. The path of the nitrogen is represented by thick lines. The evaporator group 3 is defrosted and, according to the invention, warm nitrogen flows through it, which is passed from the control valve 17 through the branch line 18 and the control valve 12 into the evaporator group 3 . He heats the air-heated evaporator 4 from the inside and thaws a thin layer of ice on the finned tubes. After a short time, the entire ice sheet formed slips off. The gaseous nitrogen cooled in this way then passes back via the control valve 13 and the line 19 into the collecting line 7 . The path of this gaseous, defrosting nitrogen is shown by broken lines.

Das Umschalten der Verdampfergruppen 1, 2, 3 erfolgt automatisch mittels der Umschalteinrichtung 16, sobald die Temperatur des verdampften gasförmigen Stickstoffs am Ausgang der Verdampfergruppen 1, 2, 3 zu niedrig wird. Die entsprechenden Temperaturmeßfühler sind der Über­ sichtlichkeit wegen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Ebenfalls aus diesem Grunde nicht dargestellt sind Ver­ zögerungsglieder, welche sicherstellen, daß eine Ver­ dampfergruppe erst dann mit gasförmigem Stickstoff be­ aufschlagt wird, wenn der in ihr vorhandene flüssige Stickstoff vollständig verdampft ist.The switching of the evaporator groups 1 , 2 , 3 takes place automatically by means of the switching device 16 as soon as the temperature of the vaporized gaseous nitrogen at the outlet of the evaporator groups 1 , 2 , 3 becomes too low. The corresponding temperature sensors are not shown in the drawing for clarity. Also not shown for this reason are delay elements, which ensure that a Ver evaporator group is only added with gaseous nitrogen when the liquid nitrogen present in it is completely evaporated.

Sobald die luftbeheizten Verdampfer 4 der Gruppe 3 völ­ lig abgetaut sind, können sie wieder durch Zufuhr von flüssigem Stickstoff den Leistungsbetrieb aufnehmen. Hierzu schaltet die Umschalteinrichtung 16 die Stell­ ventile 12, 13 und 17 entsprechend. Der Leistungsbetrieb geht nun solange weiter, bis beispielsweise am Ausgang der Verdampfergruppe 1 die Temperatur des verdampften Stickstoffs einen bestimmten Wert unterschreitet. Da­ rauf reagiert die Umschalteinrichtung 16 und schaltet die Stellventile 8, 9 und 17 so, daß nunmehr die Ver­ dampfergruppe 1 von warmem gasförmigen Stickstoff durchströmt und abgetaut wird.As soon as the air-heated evaporators 4 of group 3 are completely defrosted, they can start operating again by supplying liquid nitrogen. For this purpose, the switching device 16 switches the control valves 12 , 13 and 17 accordingly. Power operation now continues until, for example, the temperature of the vaporized nitrogen falls below a certain value at the outlet of the evaporator group 1 . Then the switching device 16 reacts and switches the control valves 8 , 9 and 17 so that the evaporator group 1 is now flowed through by warm gaseous nitrogen and defrosted.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Abtauen luftbeheizter Verdampfer (4) für tiefsiedende verflüssigte Gase, welche in minde­ stens zwei getrennt zu betreibende Gruppen (1,2,3) aufgeteilt und an einen gemeinsamen Nachwärmer (6) für das verdampfte Gas angeschlossen sind, wobei die abzutauende Gruppe (3) von Verdampfern nicht mit tiefsiedendem verflüssigten Gas beaufschlagt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teilstrom des im Nachwärmer erwärmten Gases durch die abzutauende Gruppe von Verdampfern gelei­ tet und dem erwärmten Gas wieder zugemischt wird.1. A method for defrosting air-heated evaporators ( 4 ) for low-boiling liquefied gases, which are divided into at least two groups to be operated separately ( 1,2,3 ) and connected to a common reheater ( 6 ) for the vaporized gas, the defrosted Group ( 3 ) of evaporators is not charged with low-boiling liquefied gas, characterized in that a partial stream of the gas heated in the reheater is supplied by the group of evaporators to be defrosted and mixed with the heated gas. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Umschalten der Verdampfergruppen vom Lei­ stungsbetrieb auf Abtaubetrieb mittels einer auto­ matisch arbeitenden Umschalteinrichtung (16) in Ab­ hängigkeit von der Temperatur des verdampften Gases bewerkstelligt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching of the evaporator groups from Lei stungsbetrieb to defrost operation by means of an auto matic switching device ( 16 ) in dependence on the temperature of the vaporized gas is accomplished. 3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bestehend aus mindestens zwei mittels Stellventilen (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) getrennt zu betreibenden Grup­ pen (1,2,3) von luftbeheizten Verdampfern (4) für tiefsiedende verflüssigte Gase, welche an einen gemeinsamen Nachwärmer (6) für das verdampfte Gas angeschlossen sind, von dem eine Sammelleitung (7) zum Verbraucher führt, gekennzeichnet durch eine mittels eines Stellventils (17) an die Sammelleitung angeschlossene Abzweiglei­ tung (18), welche über Stellventile (8, 10, 12) mit dem Eingang der Verdampfergruppen verbunden ist. 3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, consisting of at least two by means of control valves ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ) to be operated separately groups ( 1,2,3 ) of air-heated evaporators ( 4 ) for low-boiling liquefied gases, which are connected to a common reheater ( 6 ) for the evaporated gas, from which a manifold ( 7 ) leads to the consumer, characterized by a branch line ( 18 ) connected to the manifold by means of a control valve ( 17 ), which is connected to the inlet of the evaporator groups via control valves ( 8 , 10 , 12 ). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine auf die Stellventile wir­ kende automatisch arbeitende Umschalteinrichtung (16).4. The device according to claim 3, characterized by an on the control valves we kende automatically operating switching device ( 16 ). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine auf die Temperatur des verdampften Gases am Austritt aus den Verdampfergrup­ pen reagierende Umschalteinrichtung.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized by a on the temperature of the vaporized gas at the exit from the evaporator group pen responsive switching device.
DE19904025138 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 Defrosting liquefied gas vaporiser - involves directing some gas from after-heater through group being defrosted Withdrawn DE4025138A1 (en)

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US20180187837A1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for reheating an atmospheric vaporizer using a gas originating from a cryogenic air-separation unit
WO2021231677A1 (en) * 2020-05-13 2021-11-18 Chart Inc. Vaporizer with defrosting function
WO2022191916A1 (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for cryogenic vaporization using ambient air vaporizer
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JP2010518328A (en) * 2007-02-01 2010-05-27 フルオー・テクノロジーズ・コーポレイシヨン Outside air type vaporizer
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RU2750351C2 (en) * 2017-01-05 2021-06-28 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Method for heating an atmospheric evaporator using gas coming from a cryogenic air separation unit
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CN108278853A (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 The method for being reheated atmospheric evaporation device using the gas from cryogenic air separation plant
US10605410B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2020-03-31 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for reheating an atmospheric vaporizer using a gas originating from a cryogenic air-separation unit
US20180187837A1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for reheating an atmospheric vaporizer using a gas originating from a cryogenic air-separation unit
US11092292B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2021-08-17 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for reheating an atmospheric vaporizer using a gas originating from a cryogenic air separation unit
WO2021231677A1 (en) * 2020-05-13 2021-11-18 Chart Inc. Vaporizer with defrosting function
WO2022191916A1 (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for cryogenic vaporization using ambient air vaporizer
WO2022191915A1 (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for cryogenic vaporization with parallel vaporizer arrangements
US11953159B2 (en) 2021-03-11 2024-04-09 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for cryogenic vaporization with parallel vaporizer arrangements
US11976789B2 (en) 2021-03-11 2024-05-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. System and method for cryogenic vaporization using ambient air vaporizer
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