DE4017059C2 - Thermoelectric device for converting solar energy into electrical energy - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a thermoelectric device for Converting solar energy into electrical energy at the solar radiation by means of a radiation which can be adjusted Collective lens for heating thermocouples with positive and negative legs is focused.

In photovoltaics it is known to have various solar cells use, e.g. As silicon or dye cells (LSC lumi nescent solar concentrations).

The disadvantage is that they require a large area, the can only develop in space in space. Their efficiency is low. Besides, the cells are still there relative expensive.

CH-PS 108 354 is a thermoelectric device for converting solar energy into electrical energy known in which the solar radiation by means of a cylindrical Focusing lens is focused in a focal line in which the hot solder joints one of several connected in series Thermocouples existing thermopile are arranged. The cold solder joints of the thermopile are caused by a coolant chilled. The cylinder converging lens can be swiveled so that the sun's rays fall perpendicularly on them.

DE-OS 36 38 317 A1 is also a thermoelectric trical device for converting solar energy into electrical energy known at the sun's rays using a converging lens on the hot solder joints Thermopile are focused, the cold solder joints through the environment can be cooled.

The present invention is based on the object a thermoelectric device of the entry mentioned type so that  a high Carnot efficiency is achieved and the energy output is relatively easy to regulate.

This object is achieved in that The thermoelectric device in the furnace mentioned at the beginning A hot plate is arranged at the point of the converging lens, which the thermal energy generated with the help of a heat conduction system conducts the negative legs while the positive legs are cooled.

In a further development of the invention, the radiation input side is in front the converging lens arranged an adjustable aperture, such that that the electrical current generated via the diaphragm adjustment is automatically adjustable.

The device according to the invention consists of the following Components together: from an automatically lockable Aperture, at least three selenium cells, at least three steps motors, from a closed container, a converging lens, a hot plate, an Eternit sealing ring, a copper Hemisphere, a heat conductor, a distributor, several negative thermocouple legs, a bracket, a ring with several positive thermocouple legs and the same many cooling openings, several different eternit Seals, two three-point brackets, two counterweights Lead, a limitation that also acts as a seal of heat mesystems serves, an Eternit sealing ring, an axial Ball bearing, as well as a connecting sleeve that the bracket connects to the third stepper motor.

In a further development of the invention, the three selenium cells are as Arranged in three points and with the help of a calculator three stepper motors so controllable that the sun's rays always hit the converging lens vertically.

With the help of a three-point holder is the closed container  ter with the converging lens and the aperture, the heating plate and an Eternit sealing ring using two stepper motors in two opposite directions pivotable and the third step motor enables rotation around a vertical axis (Y), see above that a hemisphere can be covered by the converging lens.

The limit is ver according to the invention with stops see who are trained to move of the closed container a limitation on both sides represent and thereby prevent tipping and a heat Form a seal for the heat conduction system.

According to the invention, several devices are provided and interconnectable trained.

It is advantageous that the negative and the positive legs are arranged in several floors.

The space of the closed container is between the collection lens and the hot plate are empty.

The invention is based on the drawing in which an Ausfüh Example is shown schematically, explained in more detail.

Here show:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the thermoelectric Vorrich device in section and

Fig. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.

As soon as and as long as the sun is shining, the sun rays act vertically on the biconvex converging lens 4 and generate a high temperature at the focal point, which is conducted with the aid of heat conductors 6 , 8 and 13 to the distributor 19 and to the negative legs 18 . The positive legs 20 are directly cooled with the help of the world space or in the atmosphere by ventilation, so that when the positive legs are connected to the negative legs, electric current is generated.

The assembly of a thermoelectric device can be seen from FIG. 1 as follows. First, 22 Eternit seals 14 , 17 and 21 are fitted in the holder. Thereafter, the distributor 19 with the negative legs 18 is inserted, the distributor 19 being provided with the heat conductor 13 . Then there is the Eternit sealing ring 15 and the ring 16 , in which the positive legs 20 were previously mounted. The subgroup thus created can be combined with the holder 22 with the aid of the connecting sleeve 23 with the stepper motor 24 to form a unit. The whole is then anchored with an axial ball bearing 25 in a solid base. This allows the lower part of the thermoelectric device to be rotated about the axis y.

Thereafter, the limit 10 with its stops and the Eternit sealing ring 9 is mounted on the holder 22 , and the copper hemisphere 8 is also attached to the heat conductor 13 . The heating system is now complete. With the help of two bolts, each provided with a stepper motor, a three-point bracket 11 is attached to the limit 10 so that it can pivot, with balance weights 12 in the lower part. The closed container 5 is then placed in the upper part.

Prior to this, the closed container 5 is equipped with the hot plate 6 , the Eternit sealing ring 7 and the biconvex collecting lens 4, as well as a transparent film and the diaphragm 2 with the selenium cells 3 , the closed container 5 being sucked empty of air.

In Fig. 1 only one tier of negative legs 18 and 20 positive legs is shown. In addition, the connections between them and the automatic control of the diaphragm 2 and the computer that controls the stepper motors 24 are missing.

Claims (9)

1. Thermoelectric device for converting solar energy into electrical energy, in which the sun radiation is focused by means of a radiation adjustable lens for heating thermocouples with positive and negative legs, characterized in that the focal point of the converging lens ( 4 ) Heat plate ( 6 ) is arranged, which conducts the generated heat energy with the aid of a heat conduction system to the negative legs ( 18 ), while the positive legs ( 20 ) are cooled. 2. Thermoelectric device according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjustable aperture ( 2 ) is arranged on the radiation input side in front of the Sam lens ( 4 ), such that the electrical current generated can be regulated automatically via the aperture adjustment. 3. Thermoelectric device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device is composed of the following components: from an automatically closable diaphragm ( 2 ), at least three selenium cells ( 3 ), at least three stepper motors ( 24 ), from a ge closed container ( 5 ), a converging lens ( 4 ), a heating plate ( 6 ), an Eternit sealing ring ( 7 ), a copper hemisphere ( 8 ), a heat conductor ( 13 ), a distributor ( 19 ), several negative thermocouple legs ( 18 ), a holder ( 22 ), a ring ( 16 ) with several positive thermocouple legs ( 20 ) and just as many cooling openings, several different Eternit seals ( 14 , 15 , 17 , 21 ), two three-point holders ( 11 ), two counterweights ( 12 ) made of lead, a limit ( 10 ), which also serves as a seal for the heating system, an Eternit sealing ring ( 9 ), an axial ball bearing ( 25 ), and a connecting sleeve ( 23 ) that holds the holder ung ( 22 ) with the third stepper motor ( 24 ). 4. Thermoelectric device according to claim 3, characterized in that the three selenium cells ( 3 ) are arranged as three points and with the help of a computer, the three stepper motors ( 24 ) can be influenced so that the sun rays ( 1 ) always perpendicular to the Hit the converging lens ( 4 ). 5. Thermoelectric device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that with the aid of a three-point holder ( 11 ) of the closed container ( 5 ) with the Sam lens ( 4 ) and the diaphragm ( 2 ), the heating plate ( 6 ) and a Eternit sealing ring ( 7 ) can be pivoted in two opposite directions by means of two stepper motors ( 24 ) and the third stepper motor ( 24 ) enables rotation about a vertical axis (Y), so that a hemisphere can be covered by the collecting lens ( 4 ). 6. Thermoelectric device according to claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the boundary ( 10 ) is provided with strikes, which are designed such that they represent a limitation for the movement of the closed container ( 5 ) on both sides and thereby a Prevent tipping and form a heat seal for the heat management system ( 13 , 19 ). 7. Thermoelectric device according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that several devices in front seen and are formed interconnectable.   8. Thermoelectric device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the negative ( 18 ) and the positive legs ( 20 ) are arranged in several floors. 9. Thermoelectric device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the space of the closed container ( 5 ) between the converging lens ( 4 ) and the heat plate ( 6 ) is empty.