DE4003765A1 - Protective material for wind and rain - in which elastic plastic membrane bonded to adsorbing particles and covered with fabric is impervious to water but permeable to water vapour - Google Patents
Protective material for wind and rain - in which elastic plastic membrane bonded to adsorbing particles and covered with fabric is impervious to water but permeable to water vapourInfo
- Publication number
- DE4003765A1 DE4003765A1 DE4003765A DE4003765A DE4003765A1 DE 4003765 A1 DE4003765 A1 DE 4003765A1 DE 4003765 A DE4003765 A DE 4003765A DE 4003765 A DE4003765 A DE 4003765A DE 4003765 A1 DE4003765 A1 DE 4003765A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- material according
- permeable
- water vapor
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
- B01J20/28019—Spherical, ellipsoidal or cylindrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28026—Particles within, immobilised, dispersed, entrapped in or on a matrix, e.g. a resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
- B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die DE 33 04 349 A1 beschreibt ein luftdurchlässiges Schutzmate rial, welches insbesondere als Filterschicht für Schutzanzüge gegen chemische Gifte gedacht ist und sowohl militärische als auch zivile Anwendungen kennt. Die DE 37 16 303 A1 beschreibt ein Schuhinnenmaterial, welches den Träger gegen durch das Leder ein dringende chemische Gifte schützen soll. In beiden Fällen wird von einer besonders abriebfesten kugelförmigen Aktivkohle Ge brauch gemacht, welche mit Hilfe einer diskontinuierlich aufgetra genen Haftmasse auf dem Trägermaterial zum Haften gebracht wird. Besonders gut haben sich als Haftmasse die High Solids® der Bayer AG bewährt. Das sind präpolymere Systeme, welche erst ab ca. 130°C in den eigentlichen Kunststoff (ein Pulyurethan) umgesetzt werden, vorher aber ein ausgeprägtes, zur Erzielung einer hohen Haftung sehr günstiges Viskositätsminimum durchlaufen.DE 33 04 349 A1 describes an air-permeable protective mat rial, which in particular as a filter layer for protective suits is intended against chemical poisons and both military and also knows civil applications. DE 37 16 303 A1 describes a Shoe inner material, which the wearer against through the leather to protect urgent chemical poisons. In both cases from a particularly abrasion-resistant spherical activated carbon Ge made need, which with the help of a discontinuously applied gene adhesive mass is adhered to the carrier material. The High Solids® from Bayer have proven particularly good as adhesive AG proven. These are prepolymer systems, which only 130 ° C in the actual plastic (a Pulyurethan) implemented become, but previously a pronounced, to achieve a high Adhesion go through a very favorable viscosity minimum.
Es wurde inzwischen gefunden, daß durch Einbau hydrophiler Segmen te in das präpolymere Isocyanat mit den erwähnten High Solids Mem branen hoher Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit erzeugt werden können, so daß ein punktförmiger Auftrag nicht mehr nötig ist, um einen gu ten Tragekomfort zu gewährleisten. Eine kontinuierlich aufgetrage ne Haftschicht hat aber noch eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen: Bei dem erwähnten Material für Schutzanzüge bildet die nicht mehr un terbrochene Haftschicht eine Sperre gegen Flüssigkeiten, die, wenn sie bis zur Aktivkohle durchdringen, diese oft überfordern. Gleichzeitig bildet die Haftschicht einen ausgezeichneten Regen schutz bzw. Windschutz. Bei den üblichen textilen Trägern kann das Eindringen der Haftmasse in das Gewebe zu einer gewissen Ver steifung führen, die bei Anwendungen für Schutzbekleidung uner wünscht ist. Dem kann abgeholfen werden, indem man die Haftmasse auf Umkehrpapier aufträgt, anschließend mit Adsorbern in Über schuß bestreut, den Überschuß entfernt und schlußendlich ver netzt. Man erhält so eine wasserdampfdurchlässige, wasserdichte Membran, auf der die Adsorberteilchen haften. Diese Membran kann anschließend punktförmig mit einem Textil verbunden werden.It has now been found that by incorporating hydrophilic segments te in the prepolymer isocyanate with the mentioned High Solids Mem branches of high water vapor permeability can be generated, so that a punctual order is no longer necessary to complete a gu to ensure comfort. A continuously applied ne adhesive layer has a number of advantages: the material mentioned for protective suits is no longer un broken adhesive layer a barrier to liquids that, if they penetrate to the activated carbon, often overwhelm them. At the same time, the adhesive layer forms an excellent rain protection or wind protection. The usual textile carriers can the penetration of the adhesive into the tissue to a certain extent lead stiffness, which is essential in applications for protective clothing wishes. This can be remedied by using the adhesive on reverse paper, then with adsorbers in over sprinkled shot, the excess removed and finally ver nets. A water-vapor-permeable, watertight is thus obtained Membrane on which the adsorber particles adhere. This membrane can then be connected to a textile in a punctiform manner.
Schließlich ist es vorteilhaft, die Adsorberschicht mit einem leichten Textil abzudecken.Finally, it is advantageous to use an adsorbent layer cover light textile.
Beim Schuhinnenmaterial wird mit der eine geschlossene Schicht bildenden Haftmasse ein sehr guter Nässeschutz erzielt.The inner material of the shoe is a closed layer very good moisture protection.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4003765A DE4003765A1 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Protective material for wind and rain - in which elastic plastic membrane bonded to adsorbing particles and covered with fabric is impervious to water but permeable to water vapour |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4003765A DE4003765A1 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Protective material for wind and rain - in which elastic plastic membrane bonded to adsorbing particles and covered with fabric is impervious to water but permeable to water vapour |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4003765A1 true DE4003765A1 (en) | 1991-08-14 |
Family
ID=6399686
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4003765A Withdrawn DE4003765A1 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Protective material for wind and rain - in which elastic plastic membrane bonded to adsorbing particles and covered with fabric is impervious to water but permeable to water vapour |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4003765A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0783016A2 (en) | 1996-01-02 | 1997-07-09 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Polyetherester membrane pigmented with carbon particles, water vapour-permeable and waterproof |
WO2004020089A2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorbing material and use thereof |
DE10240548A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-18 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorbent material, for atomic/biological/chemical protective clothing, is in a lightweight multi-layer structure with carrier and barrier and adsorbent layers which allow the escape of perspiration |
WO2005049147A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2005-06-02 | BLüCHER GMBH | Protective clothing providing abc protection |
DE19842274B4 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2006-11-09 | BLüCHER GMBH | Laminated, water and airtight water vapor permeable composite material |
US8069496B2 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 2011-12-06 | Als Enterprises, Inc. | Odor absorbing article of clothing |
US9522207B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2016-12-20 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling odor |
US9579626B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2017-02-28 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling odor |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3010061A1 (en) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-01-22 | Hiraoka & Co Ltd | WATERPROOF FILM |
DE8201316U1 (en) * | 1982-01-21 | 1982-10-07 | Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbH, 4150 Krefeld | TRAIN SHAPED HYDROPHOBIC FILM |
DE3210070A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-11-18 | Toyo Boseki K.K., Osaka | PROTECTIVE MATERIAL |
DE3304349A1 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-09 | Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher | AREA FILTER |
DE3716303A1 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-11-24 | Bluecher Hubert | FOOTWEAR MATERIAL WITH ADSORBING PROPERTIES |
DE3813563A1 (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-11-02 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Adsorption filter with high air permeability |
DE3815720A1 (en) * | 1988-05-07 | 1989-11-16 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Material which is permeable to water vapour but impermeable to liquid water and its manufacture |
-
1990
- 1990-02-08 DE DE4003765A patent/DE4003765A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3010061A1 (en) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-01-22 | Hiraoka & Co Ltd | WATERPROOF FILM |
DE3210070A1 (en) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-11-18 | Toyo Boseki K.K., Osaka | PROTECTIVE MATERIAL |
DE8201316U1 (en) * | 1982-01-21 | 1982-10-07 | Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbH, 4150 Krefeld | TRAIN SHAPED HYDROPHOBIC FILM |
DE3304349A1 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-09 | Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher | AREA FILTER |
DE3716303A1 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-11-24 | Bluecher Hubert | FOOTWEAR MATERIAL WITH ADSORBING PROPERTIES |
DE3813563A1 (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-11-02 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Adsorption filter with high air permeability |
DE3815720A1 (en) * | 1988-05-07 | 1989-11-16 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Material which is permeable to water vapour but impermeable to liquid water and its manufacture |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DE-B.: Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, Keramische Farben bis Kork, Verlag Chemie,Weinheim, New York, 1977, 4.Aufl., Bd.14, S.626-628 * |
DE-Z: MARXMEIER, H.: Wetterschutzbekleidung mit einer waserdamfdurchlässigen Membran. In: Kunststoffe 78, H.6, 1988, S.530-534 * |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8069496B2 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 2011-12-06 | Als Enterprises, Inc. | Odor absorbing article of clothing |
EP0783016A2 (en) | 1996-01-02 | 1997-07-09 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Polyetherester membrane pigmented with carbon particles, water vapour-permeable and waterproof |
US5859083A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1999-01-12 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Water vapor permeable and waterproof polyester membrane pigmented with carbon particles |
US6028019A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 2000-02-22 | Akzo Nobel, Nv | Water vapor permeable and waterproof polyester membrane pigmented with carbon particles |
DE19842274B4 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2006-11-09 | BLüCHER GMBH | Laminated, water and airtight water vapor permeable composite material |
DE10240548C5 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2011-06-16 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorption material, process for its preparation and its use |
WO2004020089A3 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-06-03 | Bluecher Gmbh | Adsorbing material and use thereof |
DE10240548B4 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2005-07-28 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorption material, process for its preparation and its use |
DE10240548A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-18 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorbent material, for atomic/biological/chemical protective clothing, is in a lightweight multi-layer structure with carrier and barrier and adsorbent layers which allow the escape of perspiration |
US7410693B2 (en) | 2002-08-29 | 2008-08-12 | Blucher Gmbh | Adsorbing material and use thereof |
WO2004020089A2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | BLüCHER GMBH | Adsorbing material and use thereof |
WO2005049147A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2005-06-02 | BLüCHER GMBH | Protective clothing providing abc protection |
US7465490B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2008-12-16 | Blucher Gmbh | Protective clothing providing nbc protection |
US10034505B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2018-07-31 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems for controlling odor |
US9579626B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2017-02-28 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling odor |
US9522207B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2016-12-20 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling odor |
US10034506B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2018-07-31 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems for controlling odor |
US10624401B1 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2020-04-21 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems for controlling odor |
US11452318B2 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2022-09-27 | Scentlok Technologies, Inc. | Systems for controlling odor |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |