DE4002935C2 - Icebreaker with breakout skid units as a maneuvering device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an icebreaker with breakout skid units as Maneuvering device for breaking out and turning the hull the fairway in an icy body of water, the Break-out skid units in the bow and / or stern area on both Ship sides are arranged and each on a ship side with the Ice sheet can be engaged through heeling measures to allow the hull to break out of the fairway. This can clear the way for the subsequent freighter become.

DE 29 25 688 A1 describes a device for supporting the Rotating a ship with vertically aligned side walls from Breakout skid units on the starboard and port side and in Bow area of a ship known. By heeling the ship and optionally bringing the port or Stroke skid units on the starboard side in the form of movable folding devices or of bladder or The ice sheet is broken and swallow-nest-like projections pushed sideways so that rotary movements can be initiated; compare claims 2 to 6 in DE 29 25 688 A1.

The invention is based, with the help of the task Breakout skid units a supporting swivel component received without breaking the ice to the side of the fairway have to.

The solution of the inventive problem is with one Generic icebreaker by the characteristic features of the Claim 1 defined.

The stripping skid units designed according to the invention serve to Support and intervention options on the closed ice surface for the To create turning and breakout maneuvers to break out the ship support from the fairway when driving forwards or backwards.

Further configurations of the knock-out skid units according to the invention are described in the subclaims.  

The knock-out skid units are on the side of the Hull installed in the bow or stern area and are with their support elements during normal icebreaker travel above the ice surface to be broken. In engagement with the solid ice surface are the support elements by heeling the icebreaker into the bring the desired direction of rotation.

The invention is explained, for example, with reference to the drawings. It demonstrate:

Fig. 1 seen breakout skid units in the bow and stern area of an icebreaker from above

Fig. 2 scheme of a maneuver

Fig. 3 section AA ( Fig. 1) of a knock-out skid assembly on the starboard / port side with a distance ((D) of the support elements to the side wall

Fig. 4, 5, 6 Ausbrechkufeneinheiten in row parallel to the ship's longitudinal axis

Fig. 7a, 7b Retractable arrangement of a Ausbrechkufeneinheit with control and steering device

The break-out skid unit shown in the drawing and explained in the description is a lateral arrangement at the bow and / or at the rear of an icebreaker, which is intended to make it easier to break out of the fairway when maneuvering the icebreaker in the fairway when driving forwards and backwards. In the drawing, Fig. 1, 2, 3 show arrangements of mechanical engagement means in the ice on the port and starboard side and in the bow and stern area.

With heeling tanks not shown in the picture, heeling can be done quickly generated and one of the two laterally arranged stripping skid units are brought into engagement with the ice sheet to the Initiate stripping process.

In the drawings, the same parts are designated with the same reference numbers. The stripping skid units, which consist of the cantilever arms 2 and the supporting elements 3, are designated by 1 . These break-out skid units 1 are arranged laterally on the ship wall 4 of the ice breaker 5 , the support elements 3 being at a predetermined distance D from the ship wall 4 in order to extend the effective range into the area of the closed ice cover; compare FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.

At the start of a maneuver, a support element 3 engages with the fixed ice sheet 7 , and the icebreaker pivots around the support element 3 engaged with the ice as a center of rotation out of the fairway 6 and moves next to the ship following the icebreaker 5 in the fairway so that this can pass. In a further embodiment, the support elements 3 can be designed as cutting edges in order to better enable sliding on the solid ice.

In Fig. 4, 5 and 6, the arrangement of several Ausbrechkufeneinheiten 1 in two rows is shown parallel to the ship's longitudinal axis schematically. In each of the rows, a number of stripping skid units 1 are arranged in series in order to distribute support measures to a plurality of support elements 3 .

In Fig. 7a, 7b details of the storage, control and steering of a retractable Ausbrechkufeneinheit 1 are shown schematically. The support element 3 is connected to the ship wall 4 by means of a bearing yoke 9 via a pivot bearing 10 and can be pivoted or rotated via a pivot axis 11 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship. The support element 3 can be steered about the vertical axis 2 . The swivel-out skid unit 1 is pivoted in and out about the pivot axis 11 by the control device 8 .

In this configuration of a knock-out skid unit 1 , the heeling of the ship to bring the support elements 3 into engagement with the fixed ice sheet is not necessary, since the support element 3 is designed to be vertically movable in the bearing yoke 9 . According to this embodiment, the break-out skid units 1 can be moved into the cell space of the ship's hull via the control device 8 and the pivot bearings 10 .

Claims (8)

1. icebreaker with break-out skid units as a maneuvering device for breaking out and turning the ship's hull out of the navigation channel in an icy body of water, the break-out skid units being arranged in the bow and / or stern area on both sides of the ship and being brought into engagement with the ice cover by heel measures on one side of the ship In order to enable the ship's hull to break out of the navigation channel, characterized in that the break-out skid units ( 1 ) each consist of a cantilever arm ( 2 ) with a support element ( 3 ) arranged at its free end, and in that the support elements ( 3 ) Distance (D) from the ship's wall ( 4 ) on the outrigger arms ( 2 ) are arranged such that they can be brought into contact with the fixed ice sheet ( 7 ) outside the channel ( 6 ) broken into the ice by the icebreaker ( 5 ). 2. Icebreaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the knock-out skid units ( 1 ) are formed as part of the ship's wall ( 4 ). 3. Ice breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the knock-out skid units ( 1 ) can be manufactured separately, and the ice breaker ( 5 ) can thus be retrofitted. 4. Icebreaker according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support elements ( 3 ) are designed as cutting edges. 5. Icebreaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the cutting edges designed as support elements ( 3 ) are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship or are arranged on the outrigger arms ( 2 ). 6. Icebreaker according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the knock-out skid units ( 1 ) are arranged in at least two rows parallel to one another and to the ship's longitudinal axis and in a plurality of their units in each row. 7. Icebreaker according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the knock-out skid units ( 1 ) and / or the support elements ( 3 ) are designed to be mechanically movable. 8. Icebreaker according to claim 7, characterized in that the knock-out skid units ( 1 ) are each rotatably mounted on a pivot bearing ( 10 ) on the ship's wall ( 4 ) with a pivot axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship ( 11 ) and can be pivoted sideways into the hull and so dimensioned that their pivotability into the cell spaces of the ship's hull is ensured, and that the support elements ( 3 ) are each arranged in a bearing yoke ( 9 ) and can be rotated and controlled about the vertical axis ( 12 ) in the bearing yoke ( 9 ).