DE3941336A1 - Unipolar generator providing AC or DC output - has counter-pole rotated relative to conductors to generate current - Google Patents

Abstract

The unipolar generator providing an AC or DC output has a counter -pole (2) enclosed by a space which is surrounded by a number of conductors (3), serially connected together, with the current generated upon rotation of the counter-pole (2) relative to the conductors (3). Pref. the magnetic circuit (EC1) has a main yoke (1) carrying an energising winding (6) and a counter-pole (2), the conductors (3) supported by a pair of yokes (41,42) attached to a rotary shaft (5) and acting as the generator rotor. ADVANTAGE - Mechanical robustners.

Description

The invention relates to a unipolar (also called "homopolar") Generator, especially a unipolar multi-purpose generator for generating of direct or alternating current in which a main yoke has an opposite pole faces, which is arranged in a space which is from serially connected, as a result of magnetic force generating direct current Conductors (armature winding) and in the magnetic circuit between the Opposing pole and the main yoke is arranged.

This unipolar generator was used a lot because of the comparison with the converter method very effective from an alternating current supply can receive DC and continue because it is not only a simple mechanical shape, but also with high loads has mechanical durability.

Although the principle of the unipolar generator has been known since around 1830, no unipolar generator proved to be practical because the mechanical structure of which is not application-specific and it It is very difficult to get a high share of the current with high Detect speed-rotating surface effectively and stably.

The conventional unipolar generator is in use and function in  Due to the impossibility of the serial DC connection between the Ladders (e.g. the armature winding) due to unavoidable peculiarities limited.

It is impossible to use different voltages in the DC to get numerous different ladders, and so is it not easy, the voltage by directly serial connection of the Generator output to increase because of its mechanical peculiarity.

The present invention relates to a new unipolar multipurpose generator that solves the problem described.

An object of this invention is a unipolar generator to be specified at which different DC voltages are obtained can, the output voltage by serial connection of the conductors is increased or the DC outputs are used differently will.

Another object of the invention is a unipolar Specify general-purpose generator in which the one DC voltage output acts on another conductor of several DC voltage conductors when on a conductor of multiple conductors of DC voltage is applied, too then when input and output are interchanged.

Another object of the invention is a multi-pole Specify generator in which the DC conductor forms the stator and the rotor has several poles so that a direct current is obtained. On the other hand, DC voltage can be converted into AC voltage or vice versa Arranging the AC conductor together with the DC conductor be converted, and you also get single phase at the same time or multi-phase AC when the DC conductor is simultaneously AC conductor is.

Another object of the invention is to arrange more as two generator parts within a unipolar generator with one rotating shaft and a magnetic field a general purpose generator specify with which you can direct current of a first voltage in direct current a second voltage, as well as direct current in AC or vice versa, or AC at a first frequency in alternating current with a second frequency, or alternating current with a first voltage in alternating current with a second voltage.  

The invention is illustrated below using exemplary embodiments described on the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1a shows an axial section of a generator with winding in the rotor;

Fig. 1b shows a radial section according to AA in Fig. 1a;

Fig. 2a shows a generator with two poles on the axis of rotation and winding in the stator;

FIG. 2b shows a radial section according to BB in FIG. 2a;

Fig. 3 shows another example of a generator;

Fig. 4 shows the winding of a rotor;

FIG. 5a shows the winding of a single-phase conductor according to FIG. 3;

Fig. 5b shows the three-phase winding of a conductor;

Fig. 6 shows a generator with two parts generator A 1, A 2.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a unipolar multi-purpose generator, in which a conductor 3 is driven in rotation, the rotor 3 being arranged parallel to the axis 5 .

The magnetic circuit EC 1 consists of a main yoke 1 , which is excited by a winding 6 , and an opposite pole 2 , which is surrounded by the conductor 3 , and a first and a second yoke 41 , 42 , which carry the conductor 3 and the close the magnetic circuit EC 1 between the opposite pole 2 and the main yoke 1 .

The conductor 3 is mounted on the rotating shaft 5 , the conductor 3 and the first and second yokes 41 , 42 forming the rotor 3 , the main yoke 1 and the opposite pole 2 being arranged at a distance within the conductor 3 , and thereby the Form the stator.

The magnetic circuit EC 1 begins at the pole 1 a of the main yoke 1 and leads to its other poles 1 b , 1 d through the conductor 3 , the opposite pole 2 and the first and second yokes 41 , 42 .

Because the conductor 3 surrounding the opposite pole 2 forms the rotor, the magnetic flux of the main magnetic field between the pole 1 a of the main yoke 1 and the opposite pole 2 is interrupted, whereby direct current is generated according to the Fleming right-hand rule.

At the same time, the direct current generated in the conductor 3 can be taken off by a slip ring mounted on the rotor.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment in which the magnetic field rotates.

A yoke 43 is mounted on the rotating shaft 5 and faces an opposite pole 21 , a conductor 31 being arranged on the main yoke 1 and enclosing the opposite pole 21 . The opposite pole 21 and the yoke 43 close the magnetic circuit EC 2 between the main yoke.

The opposite pole 21 and the yoke 43 form the rotor, while the conductor 31 and the main yoke 1 form the stator. By passing the wire of the conductor 31 to the outside, direct current can be drawn off. On the other hand, if the wire led outward from the conductor 31 is connected to a voltage source, the device acts as a motor.

FIG. 2 b shows a radial section through a generator according to FIG. 2 a , the yoke 43 having grooves 45 a , 45 b and the counter yoke 21 having symmetrical grooves 21 a , 21 b .

The yoke 43 is branched by the grooves 45 a , 45 b into a first pole 43 a and a second pole 43 b , the magnetic flux from the main yoke 1 to the opposite pole 21 , to the conductor 31 , to the first and second pole 43 a , 43 b and to the poles 1 b , 1 d of the main yoke 1 flows.

Because the yoke 43 forms the rotor and the conductor 31 forms the stator, the rotation of the yoke 43 leads to the same result, namely that the conductor 31 interrupts the magnetic circuit EC 2 .

In the unipolar multi-purpose generator according to FIG. 2, at least one generating groove is formed in the opposite pole 21 and in the yoke 43 , respectively, in order to interrupt the magnetic circuit EC 2 .

Fig. 3 shows a generator with three poles, in each of which a groove is added to the opposite pole 21 and the yoke 43 . This gives a unipolar generator with three poles as shown in FIG. 3. Accordingly, a homopolar generator can be formed with a plurality of grooves through which the magnetic flux is interrupted.

In the air gap between the opposite pole 21 and the first and second poles 43 a , 43 b , which face each other, an AC conductor 32 is arranged together with the conductor 31 , or the AC conductor 32 without the conductor 31 ( FIG. 2).

If the AC conductor 32 is arranged in the air gap, it can alternatively be designed either as a single-phase winding according to FIG. 5a or as a three-phase winding according to FIG. 5b.

Fig. 4 shows, for example, a winding, one end of which begins on pole 43 a and then runs along the outer surface of first pole 43 a and then runs repeatedly to pole 43 b .

Fig. 5b shows a three-phase arrangement, the winding having first ends u , v , w and second ends u , va, wa , which start from the space outside the poles 43 a and 43 b and have an angle of 120 ° with each other.

Multi-phase arrangements have a winding with corresponding angles. Although Fig. 2 shows a generator with two phases, the same principle can also be in a unipolar generator with three phases according to Fig. 4 or more phases (not shown) are applied. If the shaft 5 is driven in rotation, a direct current is obtained from square waves or interrupted waves, because the rotation of the poles 43 a , 43 b and the opposite pole 21 interrupt the magnetic circuit of the conductor.

If AC current is applied to the AC conductor 32 , we obtain the direct current from the conductor 31 by rotating the poles 43 a , 43 b . Fig. 6 shows two generators A 1 , A 2 within a generator, the generator A 1 containing the conductor 31 and the generator A 2 containing the AC conductor 32 for tapping the alternating current, or one obtains the same or at the generators A 1 and A 2 different DC voltages.

Here, the first excited winding and the second excited winding are alternately arranged on the main yoke 1 .

If A 1 and A 2 serve as a generator for direct current or alternating current, this same-pole generator can simultaneously generate alternating or direct current. If, on the other hand, a second direct current is generated by applying direct current, this single-pole generator works as an inverter for generating alternating current. In contrast, when AC power is supplied to the AC generator, the DC generator generates DC power.

When A 1 and A 2 are AC generators, two types of AC can be generated. For example, if A 1 has 5 poles and 50 Hertz is applied, an A 2 with 6 poles will produce 60 Hertz.

The output frequency is expressed (where p is the number of poles, R is the speed per minute, and f is the frequency) by the formula:

If A 1 is a single-phase AC generator and A 2 is a multi-phase AC generator, A 2 will give a multi-phase AC when single-phase AC is applied to A 1 .

The invention converts direct current to a first voltage level Direct current with a second voltage level and alternating current in Direct current, or vice versa.

Claims (4)

1. Unipolar general-purpose generator, characterized in that a counter pole is arranged in a space surrounded by generating conductor parts, the conductor parts being connected in series with one another, and current being generated by stopping or rotating the counter pole relative to the conductor parts. 2. Unipolar multi-purpose generator according to claim 1, characterized records that direct and alternating current are obtained simultaneously can, and that by arranging an AC conductor part together with a DC conductor part converts AC to DC or vice versa, with direct current being obtained in the conductor part. 3. Unipolar multi-purpose generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized records that by optional arrangement of the conductor part to obtain DC or the AC conductor to receive AC power DC current of a first voltage into a DC current of a second Voltage, a direct current in alternating current, a single-phase alternating current is converted into multi-phase alternating current or vice versa. 4. Unipolar multi-purpose generator according to claim 1 or 3, characterized records that by arranging the generator part with the alternating current conductor and the serially connected conductor part in two different Positions on the main yoke direct current in alternating current or vice versa, single-phase in multi-phase alternating current, alternating current of a first Frequency into an alternating current of a second frequency or vice versa is changed.