DE3941260C1 - Target detection device for anti-missile rocket weapon head - detects characteristic resonance of missile stimulated by transmitted ranging pulses to activate detonation - Google Patents

Target detection device for anti-missile rocket weapon head - detects characteristic resonance of missile stimulated by transmitted ranging pulses to activate detonation

Info

Publication number
DE3941260C1
DE3941260C1 DE19893941260 DE3941260A DE3941260C1 DE 3941260 C1 DE3941260 C1 DE 3941260C1 DE 19893941260 DE19893941260 DE 19893941260 DE 3941260 A DE3941260 A DE 3941260A DE 3941260 C1 DE3941260 C1 DE 3941260C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
missile
rocket
detection device
target detection
detonation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE19893941260
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Guenter Wichmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eltro GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Eltro GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltro GmbH and Co filed Critical Eltro GmbH and Co
Priority to DE19893941260 priority Critical patent/DE3941260C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3941260C1 publication Critical patent/DE3941260C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
    • G01S7/412Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity based on a comparison between measured values and known or stored values
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/04Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by radio waves
    • F42C13/042Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by radio waves based on distance determination by coded radar techniques

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The target detection device uses a range sensor with a cooperating transmitter and receiver and a pulse propagation time evaluation circuit. The transmitter provides periodic needle pulses with a pulse width stimulating characteristic resonance of the missile (2) to be destroyed. The reflected echo signal is evaluated to detect the resonance component, to activate the detonation of the rocket missile head (4). The anti-missile rocket (3) can be fired from a ship to provide protection against missiles fired towards the ship, by destroying the missiles before they reach their target. ADVANTAGE - Prevents false detonation due to reflection of sensor signal from water surface.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Zielerkennungseinrichtung für den Gefechtskopf einer Antiraketen-Rakete nach dem Oberbe­ griff des Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a target recognition device for the warhead of an anti-missile missile to the Oberbe handle of the claim.

Eine solche Zielerkennungs-Einrichtung ist Gegenstand des Fach­ aufsatzes "NATO Sea Sparrow - ein neues Schiffslenkwaffensystem zur Punktverteidigung" aus INTERNATIONALE WEHRREVUE, 1/1974, Seiten 51 bis 54. Ferner ist aus DE 36 12 526 A1 und der Druck­ schrift L. Moffatt und R. Mains "Detection and Discrimination of Radar Targets" in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propaga­ tion, Vol. AP 23, No. 3, Mai 1975, Seiten 358 bis 367 die Aus­ nutzung von Eigenresonanzen eines Zielobjektes zur Zieldiskri­ minierung bekannt. Hierbei wird zwecks Zielklassifikation durch Anregen des Zielobjektes mit mehreren Resonanzfrequenzen das für das jeweilige Zielobjekt typische Resonanzmuster erzeugt und mit einem gespeicherten Resonanzmuster verglichen. Eine derartige Zielklassifikation erfordert einen hohen gerätetech­ nischen Aufwand, was in dem Zielsuchkopf einer Antiraketen-Ra­ kete nicht vertretbar ist. Schließlich ist aus der DE 32 15 845 C1 ein Abstandssensor für Geschoßzünder bekannt, bei dem Na­ delimpulse verwendet werden.Such a target recognition device is the subject of the subject NATO Sea Sparrow - a new ship guidance system on point defense "from INTERNATIONALE WEHRREVUE, 1/1974, Pages 51 to 54. Furthermore, from DE 36 12 526 A1 and the printing L. Moffatt and R. Mains "Detection and Discrimination of Radar Targets "in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propaga tion, Vol. AP 23, No. 3, May 1975, pages 358 to 367 the Aus use of self-resonances of a target object for target discrimination Mining known. This is done for the purpose of target classification Exciting the target with multiple resonance frequencies generates typical resonance patterns for the respective target object and compared with a stored resonance pattern. A Such target classification requires a high level of device technology African effort, what in the target seeker of an anti-missile ra kete is not justifiable. Finally, from DE 32 15 845 C1 known a distance sensor for projectile detonators, in which Na delimpulse can be used.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die gattungsgemäße Zielerkennungseinrichtung so zu verbessern, daß mit möglichst geringem technischen Aufwand eine möglichst zuverlässige Zielidentifikation erreicht wird. Diese Aufgabe wird erfin­ dungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichnungsteil des Anspruchs 1 ge­ nannten Merkmale gelöst. Von Vorteil ist hierbei die geringe Störanfälligkeit und damit eine erhöhte Sicherheit in der Ab­ wehrmaßnahme als solcher. Zum anderen wird die Handhabung durch den Fortfall von teueren und platzaufwendigen Computern wirt­ schaftlicher.The invention has for its object the generic To improve the target recognition device so that with as possible the least possible technical effort is as reliable as possible Target identification is achieved. This task is invented appropriately by the ge in the characterizing part of claim 1 mentioned characteristics solved. The advantage here is the low Susceptibility to faults and thus increased safety in ab  military measure as such. On the other hand, the handling the elimination of expensive and space-consuming computers more socially.

Im folgenden wird an Hand einer Skizze ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigtIn the following, an exemplary embodiment is shown on the basis of a sketch the invention explained in more detail. It shows

Fig. 1 eine Funktionsskizze des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowie Fig. 1 is a functional sketch of the inventive method and

Fig. 2 die Schwingungscharakteristik der ausgesen­ deten (a) und der reflektierten (b) Strah­ lungsenergie. Fig. 2 shows the vibration characteristics of the emitted (a) and the reflected (b) radiation energy.

Angenommen, das Schiff 1 wird von der anfliegenden Rakete 2 bedroht und begegnet dieser Bedrohung mit der Antiraketen-Rakete 3. Da man den Typ und damit die Daten und Eigenschaften der anfliegenden Rakete kennt, müssen die Eigenschaften der Antiraketen-Rakete hierauf abgestimmt sein. Dies betrifft insbesondere Flughöhe, Überwachungswinkel sowie Ansprech­ empfindlichkeit des Gefechtskopfes 4. Ist die Antiraketen-Rakete 3 z. B. rollstabilisiert, reicht es bei einem Überfliegen der zu bekämpfenden Rakete 2 aus, die Antiraketen-Rakete nach unten "schauen" zu lassen. Wie weit sie hierbei schauen muß, hängt davon ab, wie hoch sie über der Wasser­ oberfläche 7 fliegt. Bei einem anderen, nicht dargestellten Ausführungs­ beispiel ohne Rollstabilisation der Rakete kann auch ein Rundumwinkel er­ forderlich sein, ohne daß dadurch der Rahmen der Erfindung verlassen würde. Um den richtigen Auslösemoment zu eruieren, ist der Gefechtskopf mit einem nach dem Impulslaufzeitverfahren arbeitenden, einen Sender und einen Empfänger aufweisenden Entfernungssensor ausgerüstet.Assume that ship 1 is threatened by the approaching missile 2 and counteracts this threat with the anti-missile missile 3 . Since the type and thus the data and properties of the approaching missile are known, the properties of the anti-missile missile must be matched to this. This applies in particular to flight altitude, monitoring angle and response sensitivity of the warhead 4 . Is the anti-missile missile 3 z. B. roll stabilized, it is enough, the anti-missile missile "look" down to let the missile to be controlled from two with a fly over. How far you have to look here depends on how high you fly above the water surface 7 . In another embodiment, not shown, for example, without roll stabilization of the rocket, an all-round angle may also be necessary, without thereby leaving the scope of the invention. In order to determine the correct triggering moment, the warhead is equipped with a distance sensor that works according to the pulse transit time method and has a transmitter and a receiver.

Wie jeder dünne und lange metallische Körper, der elektrisch wie ein Dipol wirkt, hat auch jede Rakete eine ausgeprägte Eigenresonanz, die man sich im anstehenden Fall gemäß der Erfindung folgendermaßen zunutze macht: Im Sender 5 des Gefechtskopfes 4 werden periodische Nadelimpulse 8 (Fig. 2a) durch Wahl der richtigen Bandbreite so erzeugt, daß sie Fre­ quenzkomponenten enthalten, die der elektromagnetischen Eigenresonanz der zu bekämpfenden Rakete 2 entsprechen. Trifft ein solcher Impuls auf die Rakete, so regt er sie zu einer Eigenschwingung an, so daß die reflek­ tierte Strahlungsenergie die Schwingcharakteristik von Fig. 2b zeigt. Die Nadelimpulse 8 werden beim Überfliegen der feindlichen Rakete von ihr reflektiert. Da die Wasser- oder Erdoberfläche wegen ihrer weitgehend eigenresonanzfreien Reflexionseigenschaften den gesendeten Impuls näherungs­ weise unverfälscht reflektiert, läßt sich die an der Rakete reflektierte Energie durch geeignete Signalverarbeitungsverfahren relativ leicht iden­ tifizieren. Der von ihr und der Wasseroberfläche 7 reflektierte und vom Empfänger des Gefechtskopfes 4 empfangene Anteil des Reflexionssignals wird daraufhin von einer herkömmlichen und daher zeichnerisch nicht dar­ gestellten Signalverarbeitung untersucht, ob in ihm die in Fig. 2b dar­ gestellten Schwingungsdekremente vorhanden sind. Nur in diesem Fall wird der Zündvorgang ausgelöst. Keine Auslösung erfolgt dagegen durch Signale, die z. B. von der Wasseroberfläche 7 - bei anderen Anwendungsfällen auch von der Erdoberfläche - herrühren.Like any thin and long metallic body that acts electrically as a dipole, each rocket has a pronounced natural resonance, which is used in the upcoming case according to the invention as follows: Periodic needle pulses 8 are emitted in the transmitter 5 of the warhead 4 ( FIG. 2a ) generated by choosing the correct bandwidth so that they contain frequency components that correspond to the electromagnetic resonance of the missile 2 to be combated. If such a pulse hits the rocket, it excites it to vibrate naturally, so that the reflected radiation energy shows the vibration characteristic of FIG. 2b. The needle pulses 8 are reflected by the enemy missile as it flies over it. Since the surface of water or earth reflects the transmitted pulse approximately unadulterated because of its largely self-resonance-free reflection properties, the energy reflected on the rocket can be identified relatively easily by suitable signal processing methods. The part of the reflection signal reflected by it and the water surface 7 and received by the receiver of the warhead 4 is then examined by conventional signal processing, which is therefore not shown in the drawing, to determine whether the vibration decrements shown in FIG. 2b are present in it. The ignition process is only triggered in this case. On the other hand, there is no triggering by signals which e.g. B. from the water surface 7 - in other applications also from the surface of the earth.

Zur Vereinfachung der Signalverarbeitung kann es hierbei sinnvoll sein, die empfangenen hochfrequenten Signale mittels Abtasttechnologie in einen niederfrequenten Frequenzbereich umzusetzen.To simplify signal processing, it can make sense here the received high-frequency signals using scanning technology in implement a low-frequency range.

Claims (1)

Zielerkennungseinrichtung für den Gefechtskopf einer Antiraketen-Rakete, die einen nach dem Impulslaufzeitverfahren arbeitenden Sender und Empfänger aufweisenden Entfernungssensor enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
  • a) der Sender periodische Nadelimpulse (8) mit einer Puls­ breite ausstrahlt, die so gewählt ist, daß sie Eigen­ resonanzen der zu bekämpfenden Rakete (2) anregt,
  • b) das im Empfänger (6) der Antiraketen-Rakete (3) empfangene Reflexionssignal durch eine Signalverarbeitung daraufhin untersucht wird, ob es der Eigenresonanz der zu bekämpfen­ den Rakete (2) entsprechende Schwingungsdekremente enthält und
  • c) nur im Fall vorhandener Schwingungsdekremente im Reflexionssignal der Zündvorgang ausgelöst wird.
Target detection device for the warhead of an anti-missile missile, which contains a distance sensor having a transmitter and receiver operating according to the pulse transit time method, characterized in that
  • a) the transmitter emits periodic needle pulses ( 8 ) with a pulse width that is selected so that it excites resonances of the rocket to be combated ( 2 ),
  • b) the reflection signal received in the receiver ( 6 ) of the anti-missile rocket ( 3 ) is examined by a signal processing system to determine whether it contains the vibration resonance corresponding to the natural rocket ( 2 ) to be combated and
  • c) the ignition process is triggered only in the case of existing vibration decrements in the reflection signal.
DE19893941260 1989-12-14 1989-12-14 Target detection device for anti-missile rocket weapon head - detects characteristic resonance of missile stimulated by transmitted ranging pulses to activate detonation Expired - Fee Related DE3941260C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893941260 DE3941260C1 (en) 1989-12-14 1989-12-14 Target detection device for anti-missile rocket weapon head - detects characteristic resonance of missile stimulated by transmitted ranging pulses to activate detonation

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DE19893941260 DE3941260C1 (en) 1989-12-14 1989-12-14 Target detection device for anti-missile rocket weapon head - detects characteristic resonance of missile stimulated by transmitted ranging pulses to activate detonation

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DE3941260C1 true DE3941260C1 (en) 1993-10-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2718228A1 (en) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-06 Excem Electromagnetic method for anti-aircraft defence by resonant attack

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3705381A (en) * 1968-03-12 1972-12-05 Us Navy Resonant target sonar system
DE3215845C1 (en) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-17 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Distance sensor for a projectile igniter
DE3612526A1 (en) * 1986-04-14 1987-10-15 Krupp Gmbh METHOD FOR DETECTING UNDERWATER OBJECTS

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3705381A (en) * 1968-03-12 1972-12-05 Us Navy Resonant target sonar system
DE3215845C1 (en) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-17 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Distance sensor for a projectile igniter
DE3612526A1 (en) * 1986-04-14 1987-10-15 Krupp Gmbh METHOD FOR DETECTING UNDERWATER OBJECTS

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
L. Moffatt u. R. Mains "Detection and Discrimination of Radar Targets" in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 23, No. 3, May 1975 S. 358-367 *
T.E. Moore, "Nato Sea Sparrow" in Internationale Wehrrevue, Nr. 1 1974, S. 51-54 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2718228A1 (en) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-06 Excem Electromagnetic method for anti-aircraft defence by resonant attack

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D1 Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81
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