DE2922592C2 - Missile defense method - Google Patents

Description

a) in a fully autonomous all-round search phase, all objects whose Doppler shifts of the reflected signals exceed a predetermined frequency value are detected and

b) be tracked, with the combat missile being aligned in the target tracking direction at the same time, and

c) when the target is approaching, the launch of the combat missile within its range from some 10 to 100 m

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the geometric cross section of the Combat missile (Anti-FK-FK) is kept large.

3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the Doppler lidar system is arranged centrally on the object to be protected, for example on the turret of a tank

4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the combat missile is equipped with a proximity fuse and a sensor that detects the explosive device in the immediate vicinity Ignites proximity of the attacking aircraft during the flyby.

5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Doppler lidar system is operated with a CO2 waveguide laser.

6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the A distance gate is added to the control body for signal identification.

The invention relates to a method for locating, tracking and combating attackers Missiles or projectiles using a Doppler lidar system and a combat missile (Anti-FK-FK).

By means of the previous means of defense technology can own positions and vehicles etc. are inadequately protected against attacks by enemy ballistic or guided missiles. The problem in this respect lies in the timely discovery and identification of the mostly relatively small ones Missiles or projectiles over ranges that still allow countermeasures to be initiated. In the Defense against ICBMs results from this reason an extremely high effort, which for large part lies in the required long-range radar systems.

So far, no active method has become known, with which an object such. B. a tank, against enemy ballistic or guided missiles

etc can be defended because of these projectiles are mainly shot from a short distance and thus hardly against the ground background more detection can be done. With radar systems it is then not possible to provide the required short To achieve location times that allow defensive measures to be taken before the enemy bullet hits in an effective way. In addition, there is a lack of suitable guidance methods to avoid attacking missiles to meet with an anti-FK-FK.

These previous deficiencies want to eliminate the invention and create a method with which it is now is made possible to attack attacking enemy projectiles or missiles shortly before the target.

This is done by the measures laid down in claim 1, the subclaims being advantageous Show training. An exemplary embodiment of the proposed method is given in the description dealt with and shown schematically in the drawing

represents it shows

F i g. 1 a schematic sketch of the countermeasures, 2 shows a block diagram with the schematic structure of the defense control center.

The laser beam - preferably one (XV wave-

ladder laser scans the solid angle from which one Threat is expected. All approaching projectiles and missiles are detected whose approach speed is above a predetermined value lies, d. H. in which the Doppler shift of the reflected signal has a predetermined frequency value This so-called search phase can also be initiated by a passive thermal imaging device will. In addition, with the lidar system, the distance to the target is also determined in a manner known per se determined and automatically determined in terms of value with the help of a computer. From this it can be seen whether that Projectile etc. poses a threat.

Since the Doppler shift Af is very high in a lidar system - at an approach speed

With a speed of 300 m / s, it is 60MHz - the measuring time WAf, over which the laser beam must stay at least on a scanned solid angle element, is also very short. This makes it possible to cover the entire solid angle range of interest in one time to scan, which is much shorter than the time that the approaching missile is on the move. Simultaneously delivers the high Doppler shift allows sufficient identification of the target from the fact that only enemy missiles at maximum speed approach.

After the location or discovery of a target recognized as a threat, the lidar system is in in a known manner switched to a target tracking mode as soon as the attacking missile enters the Effective area of the defense weapon selected for use has penetrated. Now the pursues tightly focused laser beam hits the approaching object. For this purpose, the laser beam can be used in a manner known per se from 3 to 4 partially overlapping transmission lobes

μ be constructed, the radiation of which is in each case in the Frequency, modulation or polarization. The tracking axis or the sighting axis is then, for example, by the point in Beam cross-section determines at which the radiation of the

Single lobes has the same intensity.

The method according to the invention now provides. the tracking beam as a guide beam for the to use anti-FK-FK to be shot, the

Missile is already aimed at the target tracking direction before its launch. Here is only then, depending on the measured target distance and the target approach speed, the launch triggered when the anti-FK-FK does not fly long distances has to cover more, i.e. with some IO up to 100 m. This also ensures that the attacking missile can no longer perform large transverse movements, which of course has a beneficial effect on the Accuracy of the line of sight steering method affects to

In cases where the attacking missile performs strong maneuvering movements, it is provided that that the laser beam also transfers information about the transverse movements to the Anti-FK-FK which then "holds" according to this information. To receive the beacon and the The Anti-FK-FK is equipped with suitable or corresponding sensors for further transmission. At On board are also facilities that keep the defense missile on the line of sight. This can be for example aerodynamic control surfaces or recoil devices.

In order to beUommc-n now with a high accuracy, Among other things, provision is made for the anti-FK-FK to be as large as possible in terms of its geometric cross-section hold so that the surcharge is guaranteed. It may also be valuable if the Anti-FK-FK is not provided with an explosive charge, but with a mechanical device for Activation of the enemy detonator in the missile.

The proposed method has a number of advantages. One of them can be seen in the fact that because of the short required flight distance or range kept the propulsion mass for the anti-FK-FK small can be, thereby making it possible to have more explosive charges and a correspondingly large number to be carried by missiles. During the short duration of the anti-FK mission it is possible to do a multitude To carry out such missions in the shortest possible time and thereby almost several attacking missiles combat at the same time. The proposed system can of course be modified by employing several Lay out laser beams for the simultaneous defense of several approaching enemy projectiles. Another Embodiment provides that with simultaneous attack by several missiles the laser beam simultaneous control of several anti-FK-FK in a time division multiplex process, i.e. in a time cycle jumping back and forth between the different directions of attack.

Furthermore, the invention provides that when tracking the target at the control center with the attacking Missile carried range gate is used so that the Doppler signal, which from the target comes, is distinguished from false or extraneous signals, for example by the emitted Propulsion gases of the anti-FK-FK are caused, which just like the approaching missile etc. a Own radial velocity towards the laser. In an advantageous embodiment, the laser system is Arranged as centrally as possible on the object to be protected, for example on the turret of a tank, so large Parallaxes and correspondingly high transverse acceleration values for the anti-FK-FK can be avoided

The proposed method has the particular advantage that with the very closely bundled Very high frequency laser beam, very small targets, extremely fast - also viewed against the background of the ground and can be measured with such high speed and accuracy that very short The ranges for the defense missile are sufficient. Hence it is possible for defense only small and use cheap missiles. It is also essential that this type of self-defense be autonomous and without human intervention can be performed.

The F i g. 2 shows the structure of the defense control system, to which further explanations are unnecessary.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

Claims; 1. Procedures for locating, tracking and combating attacking missiles or projectiles using a Doppler lidar system and a combat missile, the target-tracking laser beam simultaneously forms the guide beam for the combat missile, d a -characterized in that