DE3939214A1 - Purifying gas streams to remove acidic and organic cpds. - by spraying in lime water made from mixt. of quicklime and surfactant e.g. active carbon - Google Patents

Purifying gas streams to remove acidic and organic cpds. - by spraying in lime water made from mixt. of quicklime and surfactant e.g. active carbon

Info

Publication number
DE3939214A1
DE3939214A1 DE19893939214 DE3939214A DE3939214A1 DE 3939214 A1 DE3939214 A1 DE 3939214A1 DE 19893939214 DE19893939214 DE 19893939214 DE 3939214 A DE3939214 A DE 3939214A DE 3939214 A1 DE3939214 A1 DE 3939214A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
quicklime
mixt
surfactant
spraying
active carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19893939214
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hermann Dipl Chem Suchenwirth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FTU GmbH
Original Assignee
FTU GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FTU GmbH filed Critical FTU GmbH
Priority to DE19893939214 priority Critical patent/DE3939214A1/en
Publication of DE3939214A1 publication Critical patent/DE3939214A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/70—Organic halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for purifying effluent gases to remove acid substances and organic cpds. by spray sorption, quicklime is mixed or milled with 0.5 - 25, pref. 2-12 wt.% of a surfactant such as active carbon, kiln coal coke, activated Al203, silica gel and/or kieselguhr, slaking the mixt. with water to form milk of lime, spraying this into the effluent gas stream and sepg. the resulting solids with electro-filters or fabric filters. USE/ADVANTAGE - The process gives over 90% removal of acid substances and ecotoxic substances such as chlorinated dioxins and furans, PCB's, chlorinated hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons etc.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abgasen von sauren Stoffen und organischen Verbindungen durch Sprühsorption.The invention relates to a method for purifying exhaust gases from acidic Substances and organic compounds through spray sorption.

Zahlreihe Abgase aus industriellen Prozessen und aus der Verbrennung von Abfällen enthalten saure Bestandteile, z. B. Chlorwasserstoff, Fluorwasserstoff, Schwefeldioxid, flüchtige Schwermetalle, z. B. Quecksilber und Cadmium oder auch Arsen und Antimon, sowie organische chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, insbesondere die chlorierten Dioxine und Furane, polychlorierte Biphenyle und chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, und auch polyaromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (PAK) sowie teiloxidierte organische Verbindungen, z. B. Phenole.Series of exhaust gases from industrial processes and combustion of waste contain acidic components, e.g. B. hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, Sulfur dioxide, volatile heavy metals, e.g. B. mercury and cadmium or arsenic and antimony, as well as organic chlorinated Hydrocarbons, especially the chlorinated dioxins and furans, polychlorinated Biphenyls and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and also polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and partially oxidized organic Connections, e.g. B. Phenols.

Zur Reinigung der Abgase von sauren Bestandteilen werden in den Abgasstrom basische Verbindungen eingebracht, vorzugsweise Calciumhydroxid. Bekannte Verfahren sind die Trockensorption, d. h. die Zugabe von pulverförmigem Calciumhydroxid, oder die Sprühsorption, die auf der Eindüsung von Kalkmilch beruht.To purify the exhaust gases from acidic components are in the exhaust stream introduced basic compounds, preferably calcium hydroxide. Known methods are dry sorption, i.e. H. the addition of powder Calcium hydroxide, or spray sorption, the based on the injection of lime milk.

Die Reaktionstemperaturen dieser Verfahren liegen im Bereich von 80 bis 250 Grad C, bei der Sprühsorption vorzugsweise im Bereich von 120 bis 150 Grad C.The reaction temperatures of these processes are in the range from 80 to 250 degrees C, in the spray sorption preferably in the range of 120 to 150 degrees C.

Die eingedüste Kalkmilch neutralisiert die Säuren und es entstehen Neutralsalze, die an Elektrofiltern oder an Gewebefiltern abgeschieden werden. Anteilig abgeschieden werden auch die ökotoxischen Schadstoffe, d. h. die Dioxine, die PCB's, die CKW's, die PAK's und die flüchtigen Schwermetalle. Die Verminderung des Gehaltes ist jedoch nicht ausreichend, insbesondere werden bei Quecksilber vielfach die Grenzwerte nicht eingehalten.The injected milk of lime neutralizes the acids and neutral salts are formed,  which are separated on electrostatic filters or on fabric filters. The ecotoxic pollutants are also partially separated, d. H. the dioxins, the PCB's, the CKW's, the PAK's and the volatile Heavy metals. However, reducing the salary is not sufficient in particular, the limit values for mercury are often not adhered to.

Es ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, zur verbesserten Abscheidung der ökotoxischen Schadstoffe Aktivkohle einzusetzen. So gibt es ein Verfahren, bei dem Aktivkohle dem Einspritzwasser zur Absenkung der Reaktionstemperatur zugesetzt wird. Ein weiteres Verfahren beruht darauf, daß Aktivkohle der Kalkmilch zugerührt und die Aktivkohle zusammen mit der Kalkmilch in den Abgasstrom eingedüst wird.It has already been suggested for improved ecotoxic deposition Use pollutants activated carbon. So there is a procedure in the case of activated carbon, the injection water to lower the reaction temperature is added. Another method is based on activated carbon the lime milk is stirred in and the activated carbon together with the lime milk is injected into the exhaust gas stream.

Das Problem dieser Verfahren besteht darin, daß sich Wasser und Aktivkohle schlecht homogen mischen lassen. Außerdem besteht immer die Gefahr des Entmischens, wodurch unregelmäßige Abscheideergebnisse eintreten.The problem with these methods is that there is water and activated carbon poorly mix homogeneously. There is also always a risk of segregation, which results in irregular separation results.

Es besteht also ein Interesse an einem verbesserten Sprühsorptionsverfahren, das die Abscheidegrade hinsichtlich der ökotoxischen Schadstoffe verbessert. Außerdem besteht ein Bedürfnis, eine Kalkmilch herzustellen, die oberflächenaktive Substanzen in gleichmäßiger und stabiler Verteilung aufweist.So there is an interest in an improved spray sorption process, which are the degrees of separation with regard to ecotoxic pollutants improved. There is also a need to make lime milk the surface-active substances in an even and stable distribution having.

Diese Aufgaben werden nach dem Anspruch in zwei Stufen gelöst. Zuerst wird aus Branntkalk eine Kalkmilch mit gleichmäßiger und stabiler Verteilung von oberflächenaktiven Substanzen hergestellt. Hierzu werden die oberflächenaktiven Substanzen in Pulverform, angepaßt der Korngröße des herzustellenden Calciumhydroxides, mit Branntkalk gemischt oder vermahlen. Anschließend wird dann der bekannte Herstellungsprozeß für Kalkmilch durchgeführt. Dabei wird eine Kalkmilch mit sehr gleichmäßiger und stabiler Verteilung der oberflächenaktiven Substanzen und Calciumhydroxid in Wasser erzielt. Diese Kalkmilch kann dann bei allen bekannten Sprühsorptionsverfahren eingesetzt werden. These tasks are solved in two stages according to the claim. First quicklime becomes lime milk with an even and stable distribution made from surface-active substances. For this, the surface-active substances in powder form, adapted to the grain size of the calcium hydroxide to be produced, mixed with quicklime or ground. Then the known production process for milk of lime carried out. A lime milk with very even and stable distribution of surface-active substances and calcium hydroxide scored in water. This milk of lime can then be found in all known Spray sorption processes are used.  

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abgasen von sauren Stoffen und organischen Verbindungen durch Sprühsorption ist demnach dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Branntkalk mit oberflächenaktiven Stoffen, vorzugsweise Aktivkohle, Herdofen-Braunkohle-Koks, aktiviertes Aluminiumoxid, Kieselgel und/oder Kieselgur, in Mengen von 0,5 bis 25, vorzugsweise 2 bis 12 Gew.-%, gemischt oder vermahlen, zu Kalkmilch gelöscht und diese in den Abgasstrom eingesprüht und die entstehenden Feststoffe an Elektrofiltern oder Gewebefiltern abgeschieden werden.The inventive method for purifying exhaust gases from acidic This means that substances and organic compounds through spray sorption are characterized in that quicklime with surface-active substances, preferably activated carbon, hearth-lignite-coke, activated aluminum oxide, Silica gel and / or diatomaceous earth, in amounts of 0.5 to 25, preferably 2 to 12% by weight, mixed or ground, quenched to milk of lime and sprayed them into the exhaust gas stream and the resulting solids be deposited on electrostatic filters or fabric filters.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren läßt sich eine Kalkmilch mit gleichmäßiger und stabiler Verteilung der oberflächenaktiven Substanzen und Calciumhydroxid gewinnen, mit der deutlich verbesserte Abscheidegrade bezüglich der ökotoxischen Schadstoffe, chlorierte Dioxine und Furane, PCB's, CKW's und PAK's erzielt werden. Abscheidegrade deutlich über 90% sind machbar.With the method according to the invention, a lime milk with a more uniform and stable distribution of the surface-active substances and Extract calcium hydroxide with the significantly improved degrees of separation regarding ecotoxic pollutants, chlorinated dioxins and furans, PCB's, CKW's and PAK's can be achieved. Separation levels well over 90% are doable.

Claims (1)

Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abgasen von sauren Stoffen und organischen Verbindungen durch Sprühsorption, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Branntkalk mit oberflächenaktiven Stoffen, vorzugsweise Aktivkohle, Herdofen-Braunkohle-Koks, aktiviertes Aluminiumoxid, Kieselgel und/oder Kieselgur in Mengen von 0,5 bis 25, vorzugsweise 2 bis 12 Gew.-%, gemischt oder vermahlen, zu Kalkmilch gelöscht und diese in den Abgasstrom eingesprüht wird und die entstehenden Feststoffe an Elektro-Filtern oder Gewebe-Filtern abgeschieden werden.Process for the purification of waste gases from acidic substances and organic compounds by spray sorption, characterized in that quicklime with surface-active substances, preferably activated carbon, hearth-lignite-coke, activated aluminum oxide, silica gel and / or diatomaceous earth in quantities of 0.5 to 25, preferably 2 to 12 wt .-%, mixed or ground, extinguished to milk of lime and this is sprayed into the exhaust gas stream and the resulting solids are separated on electrical filters or fabric filters.
DE19893939214 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 Purifying gas streams to remove acidic and organic cpds. - by spraying in lime water made from mixt. of quicklime and surfactant e.g. active carbon Ceased DE3939214A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893939214 DE3939214A1 (en) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 Purifying gas streams to remove acidic and organic cpds. - by spraying in lime water made from mixt. of quicklime and surfactant e.g. active carbon

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893939214 DE3939214A1 (en) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 Purifying gas streams to remove acidic and organic cpds. - by spraying in lime water made from mixt. of quicklime and surfactant e.g. active carbon

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DE3939214A1 true DE3939214A1 (en) 1991-06-13

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017900A1 (en) * 1993-02-05 1994-08-18 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Gmbh Exhaust gas dry cleaning agent
EP0733602A1 (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-25 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH. Process for making milk of lime
EP0717260A3 (en) * 1994-12-15 1996-10-23 Buck Chem Tech Werke Process for treating pyrotechnic material
FR2735383A1 (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-20 Hamon Ind Thermique Dry purification of waste gas
NL1005578C2 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-09-22 Amsterdam Gem Dienst Afvalverw A method of removing a contaminant from a gas using a gas purifying agent.
CZ305305B6 (en) * 2014-07-11 2015-07-22 Sms Cz, S.R.O. Continuous removal method of pollutants from combustion products or off-gases and apparatus for making the same

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883373A (en) * 1929-05-01 1932-10-18 Research Corp Purification of blast furnace gases
US3568404A (en) * 1968-05-06 1971-03-09 Cottrell Res Inc Low pressure electrostatic precipitator
DE3607929A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-18 The Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Inc., Sapporo, Hokkaido METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DESULFURING AND DENITRATING AGENTS
EP0292083A2 (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-11-23 Roland Fichtel Method of producing reactive calcium hydroxides for gas and exhaust gas purification, and method of purifying gases and exhaust gases
DE3716566A1 (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-12-01 Fichtel Roland Process for the production of reactive calcium hydroxides for exhaust gas purification
DE3721317A1 (en) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-05 Hoelter Heinz Process for the preparation of reactive calcium hydroxides for exhaust gas purification
DE3726665A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-23 Rwk Rhein Westfael Kalkwerke Activated hydrated lime, process for the preparation thereof and use thereof
DE3733485A1 (en) * 1987-10-03 1989-04-13 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Process for cleaning pollutant-containing off-gases
EP0331243A1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-09-06 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for increasing the precipitation efficiency of electrofilters
DE3826971A1 (en) * 1988-08-09 1990-02-15 Ftu Gmbh Process for preparing modified calcium hydroxides for gas and waste gas purification using concentrates of active substances

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883373A (en) * 1929-05-01 1932-10-18 Research Corp Purification of blast furnace gases
US3568404A (en) * 1968-05-06 1971-03-09 Cottrell Res Inc Low pressure electrostatic precipitator
DE3607929A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-18 The Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Inc., Sapporo, Hokkaido METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DESULFURING AND DENITRATING AGENTS
EP0292083A2 (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-11-23 Roland Fichtel Method of producing reactive calcium hydroxides for gas and exhaust gas purification, and method of purifying gases and exhaust gases
DE3716566A1 (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-12-01 Fichtel Roland Process for the production of reactive calcium hydroxides for exhaust gas purification
DE3721317A1 (en) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-05 Hoelter Heinz Process for the preparation of reactive calcium hydroxides for exhaust gas purification
DE3726665A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-23 Rwk Rhein Westfael Kalkwerke Activated hydrated lime, process for the preparation thereof and use thereof
DE3733485A1 (en) * 1987-10-03 1989-04-13 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Process for cleaning pollutant-containing off-gases
EP0331243A1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-09-06 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for increasing the precipitation efficiency of electrofilters
DE3826971A1 (en) * 1988-08-09 1990-02-15 Ftu Gmbh Process for preparing modified calcium hydroxides for gas and waste gas purification using concentrates of active substances

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GROMOTKA, Hubert: Maßnahmen zur Einhaltung der neuen TA-Luft-Anforderungen in der Sondermüll- Verbrennungsanlage Schweinfurt. In Chem.-Ing.- Tech. 59, Nr.10, 1987, S.800-801 *
HARTWECK, Winfried G.: Rauchgasreinigung mit Sprühabsorption. In: STAUB REINHALTUNG DER LUFT, Bd.46, Nr. 2, Feb.1986, S.45-49 *
JP 55-159857 A. In: Patents Abstracts of Japan, C-46, March 5, 1981, Vol.5/No.35 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017900A1 (en) * 1993-02-05 1994-08-18 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Gmbh Exhaust gas dry cleaning agent
US6074620A (en) * 1993-02-05 2000-06-13 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Gmbh Method for the cleaning of exhaust gas and prevention of explosions therein
US6352956B1 (en) 1993-02-05 2002-03-05 Rheinkalk Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixed powder containing a carbon compound
EP0717260A3 (en) * 1994-12-15 1996-10-23 Buck Chem Tech Werke Process for treating pyrotechnic material
EP0733602A1 (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-25 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH. Process for making milk of lime
FR2735383A1 (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-20 Hamon Ind Thermique Dry purification of waste gas
NL1005578C2 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-09-22 Amsterdam Gem Dienst Afvalverw A method of removing a contaminant from a gas using a gas purifying agent.
WO1998041310A1 (en) * 1997-03-20 1998-09-24 Gemeente Amsterdam Gemeentelijke Dienst Afvalverwerking Process for the removal of contaminants from a gas, using a gas cleaning agent
US6419727B1 (en) 1997-03-20 2002-07-16 Gemeente Amsterdam, Gemeentelijke Process for the removal of contaminants from a gas, using a gas cleaning agent
CZ305305B6 (en) * 2014-07-11 2015-07-22 Sms Cz, S.R.O. Continuous removal method of pollutants from combustion products or off-gases and apparatus for making the same

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