DE383673C - Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions - Google Patents

Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions

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Publication number
DE383673C
DE383673C DEC32420D DEC0032420D DE383673C DE 383673 C DE383673 C DE 383673C DE C32420 D DEC32420 D DE C32420D DE C0032420 D DEC0032420 D DE C0032420D DE 383673 C DE383673 C DE 383673C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
contact
gas
shape
plates
carrying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEC32420D
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German (de)
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of DE383673C publication Critical patent/DE383673C/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
    • C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
    • C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00194—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
    • B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

DEUTSCHES REICHGERMAN EMPIRE

AUSGEGEBEN AM 16. OKTOBER 1923ISSUED OCTOBER 16, 1923

!ICH S PATENTAMT! I S PATENT OFFICE

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- JVi 383673 KLASSE 12 i GRUPPE 26- JVi 383673 CLASS 12 i GROUP 26

(C 32420 IVj 121)(C 32420 IVj 121)

Ivar Walfrid Cederberg in Berlin
und Helge Mattias Bäckström in Djursholm, Schweden.Ivar Walfrid Cederberg in Berlin
and Helge Mattias Bäckström in Djursholm, Sweden.

Apparat zur Durchführung von stark exothermischen, katalytischen Gasreaktionen. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom I.August 1922 ab. Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions. Patented in the German Empire on August 1st, 1922.

Für diese Anmeldung ist gemäß dem Unionsvertrage vom 2. Juni 1911 die Priorität auf Grund der Anmeldung in England vom 14. Juli 1922 beansprucht.According to the Union Treaty of June 2, 1911, priority is due to this application of the application in England on July 14, 1922.

Bei der technischen Durchführung von stark exothermischen, katalytischem Gasreaktionen ist es häutig vorteilhaft, HaLi die Katalvsalorschicht in eine große Anzahl vonein-When carrying out highly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions on an industrial scale it is often advantageous to hold the catalvsalor layer into a large number of

Dies ist z. B. der Fall bei der Darstellung von Schwefelsäureanhydrid nach der Kontaktinethodc, liei Verbrennung von Ammoniak-SauerstofiYnisehungen und anderen Reak-This is e.g. B. the case with the preparation of sulfuric anhydride according to the contact method, liei combustion of ammonia oxygen sightings and other react

5 ander getrennter Kuntaktelemente geteilt ist. tinnen. Ks ist nämlich in diesem Falle mög- 15 other separate Kuntakt elements is divided. tinnen. Ks is possible in this case

Claims (2)

lieh, eine für den Verlauf der Reaktion günstige Temperaturverteilung innerhalb der Katalysatorschicht durch Variation der Aktivität der verschiedenen Kontaktelemente und durch regelbare Kühlung derselben herbeizuführen, wobei außerdem eine mögliche Zusammenpressung der Kontaktsubstanz und damit ein erschwerter Gasdurchgang vermieden wird. Besteht aber die Kontaktschicht ίο aus einer großen Anzahl von porösen Platten als Kontaktträger, so ist es mit Schwierigkeiten verbunden, eine zweckmäßige. Konstruktionsform für den Katalysatorapparat zu finden, und zwar teils, weil ein Teil der Gasx5 mischung sich der Reaktion dadurch entzieht, daß er durch den Zwischenraum zwischen den Kontaktplatten und der Wand des umgebenden Zylinders hindurchgeht, welcher Zwischenraum um so größer ist, je heißer der Apparat j ist, und teils, weil es schwierig ist, eine wirk- ! same Kühlung der Kontaktplatten infolge von i schlechter Wärmeleitung herbeizuführen. ιborrowed a temperature distribution within the which is favorable for the course of the reaction Catalyst layer by varying the activity of the various contact elements and to bring about the same by controllable cooling, with also a possible Compression of the contact substance and thus a difficult passage of gas avoided will. But if the contact layer consists of a large number of porous plates as a contact carrier, it is difficult to find a suitable one. Construction form for the catalytic converter, partly because part of the Gasx5 mixture eludes the reaction in that it passes through the space between the Contact plates and the wall of the surrounding cylinder passes through which space The hotter the apparatus j is, the bigger it is, and partly because it is difficult to find an effective! bring about the same cooling of the contact plates as a result of poor heat conduction. ι Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft nun einen ι Apparat zur Durchführung von stark exothermischen, katalytischen Gasreaktionen, wo- : durch die genannten Übelstände beseitigt und 1 außerdem andere bedeutende Vorteile erzielt werden. Die Konstruktion desselben geht aus j der beigefügten Zeichnung hervor, welche den [ Apparat in Längsschnitt veranschaulicht. Die j Katalysatorschicht, welche aus einer großen J Anzahl poröser Platten 1, z. B. aus platinier- | tem Bimsstein, besteht, ist innerhalb eines j rohrförmigen Kontaktraumes angeordnet, der t aus einer Reihe von Metallringen 2 von solcher | Form besteht, daß sie beim Zusammenpressen ! mittels Schraubenbolzen 3 und zugehörigen Muttern (in der Abbildung nicht ersichtlich) gasdicht miteinander verbunden werden können. Die Ringe haben zweckmäßig solche Form, daß sie nach der Zusammensetzung mit ! ihren zweckmäßig kegelförmigen Dichtungsflächen aneinander anliegen und sowohl außer- ! halb wie innerhalb der Katalysatorkammer ringförmige Flanschen 4 und 5 bilden. Der . erste und letzte Ring 6 bzw. 7 der Reihe ist stärker ausgeführt und mit Öffnungen für die Bolzen 3 versehen und hat übrigens eine solche Form und Größe, welche dem entsprechenden , Flansche des Gaszuleitungs- bzw. Gasableitungsrohres entspricht. In die inneren Zwi-ί schenräume zwischen den verschiedenen Ringen werden die Kontaktplatten 1 eingelegt, welche zu diesem Zwecke eine entsprechende Form haben.The present invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions, whereby the abovementioned inconveniences are eliminated and other significant advantages are also achieved. The construction of the same is evident from the accompanying drawing, which illustrates the apparatus in longitudinal section. The j catalyst layer, which consists of a large J number of porous plates 1, e.g. B. made of platinizing | tem pumice stone, is arranged within a tubular contact space, which consists of a series of metal rings 2 of such | Shape exists that when pressed together! can be connected to one another in a gastight manner by means of screw bolts 3 and associated nuts (not shown in the figure). The rings are expediently shaped so that, after the composition, they are ! their appropriately conical sealing surfaces rest against one another and both outside! half as within the catalyst chamber, annular flanges 4 and 5 form. Of the . first and last ring 6 and 7 of the series is made stronger and provided with openings for the bolts 3 and has such a shape and size, which corresponds to the corresponding flanges of the gas supply or gas discharge pipe. The contact plates 1, which have a corresponding shape for this purpose, are inserted into the inner spaces between the various rings. Durch den beschriebenen Apparat werden die eingangs erwähnten Übelstände beseitigt. Derjenige Teil der Gasmischung, der sich einen Weg an den Kontaktplatten 1 vorbei sucht, muß wiederholt die Richtung ändern und kommt auf diese Weise in innige Berührung mit dem breiteren Oberteil der Platten. Der Überschuß von Reaktionswärme wird ohne Schwierigkeit durch die Metallringe 2 weggeleitet, \-on denen die Wärmeausstrahlung infolge ihrer eigenartigen Form sehr groß ist und sehr leicht geregelt werden kann. Ferner wird der Vorteil erreicht, daß infolge der Auseinandernehmbarkeit der Katalysatorkammer jede Kontaktplatte leicht ausgewechselt werden kann, was beispielsweise bei Verwendung von Kontaktplatten mit verschiedener Aktivität wichtig ist.The above-mentioned inconveniences are eliminated by the apparatus described. That part of the gas mixture that has a way past the contact plates 1 seeks, has to change direction repeatedly and in this way comes into intimate contact with the wider top of the panels. The excess heat of reaction is passed through the metal rings without difficulty 2, \ -on which the heat radiation due to their peculiar shape very much is large and can be regulated very easily. Furthermore, the advantage is achieved that as a result the dismantling of the catalyst chamber, each contact plate can be easily replaced can be what, for example, when using contact plates with different Activity is important. Der beschriebene Apparat eignet sich in besonders hohem Grade zur Verbrennung von Ammoniak-Sauerstoff-Gemischen. In diesem Falle wird als .Material vorteilhaft Aluminium oder eine gegen nitrose Gase widerstandsfähige Nickellegierung· benutzt.The apparatus described is particularly suitable for the combustion of Ammonia-oxygen mixtures. In this case, aluminum is advantageously used as the material or a nickel alloy resistant to nitrous gases · used. Pate χ τ-Α χ sprit he:Godfather χ τ-Α χ spray: ι. Apparat zur Durchführung von stark exothermischen, katalytischen Gasreaktionen, insbesondere zur katalytischen Oxydation von Ammoniak mit Sauerstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Katalysatorkammer aus einer Reihe von Metallringen besteht, die sich beim Zusammenpressen gasdicht aneinander anschließen.ι. Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions, in particular for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia with oxygen, characterized in that the catalyst chamber consists of a series of metal rings which are gas-tight when pressed together. 2. Apparat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallringe solche Form haben, daß sie nach der Zusammensetzung, mit ihren zweckmäßig kegelförmigen Dichtungsflächen aneinander anliegend, sowohl außerhalb wie innerhalb der Katalysatorkammer ringförmige Flanschen bilden. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal rings have such a shape that they form annular flanges both outside and inside the catalyst chamber after the composition, with their appropriately conical sealing surfaces abutting one another. Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen.1 sheet of drawings.
DEC32420D 1922-07-14 1922-08-01 Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions Expired DE383673C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1940522A GB197872A (en) 1922-07-14 1922-07-14 Apparatus for carrying out highly exothermic catalytic reactions between gases, particularly catalytic oxidation of ammonia with oxygen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE383673C true DE383673C (en) 1923-10-16

Family

ID=10128798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEC32420D Expired DE383673C (en) 1922-07-14 1922-08-01 Apparatus for carrying out strongly exothermic, catalytic gas reactions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE383673C (en)
FR (1) FR568568A (en)
GB (1) GB197872A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4063430B2 (en) 1998-12-15 2008-03-19 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Fluid processing equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR568568A (en) 1924-03-28
GB197872A (en) 1923-05-24

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