DE3822313A1 - Countercurrent broken-glass solar collector - Google Patents

Countercurrent broken-glass solar collector

Info

Publication number
DE3822313A1
DE3822313A1 DE3822313A DE3822313A DE3822313A1 DE 3822313 A1 DE3822313 A1 DE 3822313A1 DE 3822313 A DE3822313 A DE 3822313A DE 3822313 A DE3822313 A DE 3822313A DE 3822313 A1 DE3822313 A1 DE 3822313A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
layer
broken
broken glass
countercurrent
solar collector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE3822313A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3822313C2 (en
Inventor
Karlfried Cost
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE3822313A priority Critical patent/DE3822313C2/en
Publication of DE3822313A1 publication Critical patent/DE3822313A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3822313C2 publication Critical patent/DE3822313C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/80—Solar heat collectors using working fluids comprising porous material or permeable masses directly contacting the working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/64—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of floor constructions, grounds or roads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Technical problem of the invention. The energy losses due to heat conduction, convection and heat radiation on the side of the solar collector facing the sun are to be kept down. The collector is to be inexpensive. Solution of the technical object. The solution is characterised by the construction of the collector in three layers, at the top a plurality of layers of broken glass, thereunder a layer with a relative flow resistance and at the bottom a layer with a low flow resistance. The heated air is sucked off at the bottom, and at the top ambient air flows into the countercurrent broken-glass solar collector. By using broken glass as an essential component, the countercurrent broken-glass solar collector is very cheap. Area of applicaton. Heating of air of ambient temperature to a considerably higher temperature. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gegenstrom-Glasscherben- Sonnenkollektor gemäß dem Patentanspruch.The invention relates to a countercurrent broken glass Solar collector according to the claim.

Der Sonnenkollektor soll mit Hilfe der Sonnenstrahlen Luft von Umgebungstemperatur auf eine wesentlich höhere Temperatur erhitzen.The solar panel is said to use the sun's rays Air from ambient temperature to a much higher one Heat the temperature.

Die Kosten für den Sonnenkollektor sollen dabei gering sein.The cost of the solar collector should be low be.

Sonnenkollektoren gibt es in vielerlei Ausführungen. Die gemeinsame Schwierigkeit aller Sonnenkollektoren ist es, die Energieverluste auf der sonnenzugewandten Seite des Sonnenkollektors gering zu halten.There are many types of solar panels. The common difficulty of all solar panels is the energy losses on the side facing the sun to keep the solar collector low.

Diese Verluste entstehen durch Wärmestrahlung der Kollektor­ oberfläche, Wärmeübergang an die Umgebungsluft, Wärmeleitung vom Inneren des Kollektors an seine Oberfläche, Wärme­ transport mit Luftströmungen vom Inneren des Sonnenkollektors nach außen.These losses result from heat radiation from the collector surface, heat transfer to the ambient air, heat conduction from the inside of the collector to its surface, heat transport with air currents from the inside of the solar panel outward.

Zudem sind die Kosten für Sonnenkollektoren meist sehr hoch, unter anderem auch deshalb, weil die Bestandteile der meisten Sonnenkollektoren wie etwa Glasscheiben als solche bereits sehr teuer sind.In addition, the cost of solar panels is usually very high, among other things, because the components of most Solar panels such as glass panes as such already are very expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Sonnen­ kollektor zu schaffen, bei dem die Energieverluste auf der sonnenzugewandten Seite gering sind und bei dem die Bestandteile billig sind.The invention has for its object a sun to create a collector in which the energy losses on the side facing the sun is low and the Components are cheap.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Schichtenfolge, wobei die oberste Schicht aus mehreren Lagen von übereinanderliegenden Glasscherben besteht, dann folgt eine Schicht mit verhältnismäßig hohem Strömungswiderstand, darunter ein Raum mit niedrigem Strömungswiderstand. Die mittlere Schicht kann etwa aus einem Vlies bestehen, oder aus einer Sand- oder Erdschicht oder aus feinen Glasscherben. Die untere Schicht kann aus grobem Schotter oder groben Glasscherben bestehen mit vielen großen Luftzwischenräumen oder einfach ein freier Raum sein mit einer einfachen Stützkonstruktion, um die beiden oberen Schichten zu tragen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by Layer sequence, with the top layer consisting of several layers consists of broken glass, then follows a layer with a relatively high flow resistance, including a room with low flow resistance. The middle layer can consist of a fleece, or from a layer of sand or earth or from fine Broken glass. The bottom layer can be made of coarse gravel or coarse broken glass exist with many large ones Air gaps or just be a free space with a simple support structure to support the top two Wear layers.

Die zu erhitzende Luft tritt von oben durch die Glas­ scherbenschicht ein, erhitzt sich an dieser, tritt dann durch die mittlere Schicht in den unteren Raum ein, aus welchem sie abgesaugt und der Nutzung zugeführt wird. The air to be heated passes through the glass from above shard layer heats up on it, then passes through the middle layer in the lower room from which it is suctioned off and used.  

Die mittlere Schicht mit dem verhältnismäßig hohen Strömungswiderstand bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des einfließenden Luftstromes über die Fläche, auch wenn die Luft im unteren Raum nur an wenigen Punkten und nicht flächenhaft abgesaugt wird. Wenn bereits die obere Schicht einen verhältnismäßig großen Strömungswiderstand aufweist, kann die mittlere Schicht entfallen.The middle layer with the relatively high Flow resistance causes an even distribution of the inflowing air flow over the surface, even if the air in the lower room only at a few points and is not vacuumed over a large area. If the top already Layer a relatively large flow resistance has, the middle layer can be omitted.

Erzielbare VorteileAchievable advantages

  • 1. In jeder Glasscherbe wird wegen der großen Lichtdurch­ lässigkeit nur ein kleiner Teil des Sonnenlichtes absorbiert, dadurch ergibt sich insgesamt eine sehr große Wärme­ übergangsfläche vom Energieabsorber (Glasscherbe) zum Wärmeträger (Luft).1. In every piece of broken glass is due to the large amount of light only a small part of the sunlight is absorbed, this results in a very large warmth overall transition area from energy absorber (broken glass) to Heat transfer medium (air).
  • 2. Der Wärmeleitungswiderstand ist durch die vielfache Glasabdeckung und die geringe Berührungsfläche der einzelnen Scherben untereinander sehr hoch.2. The heat conduction resistance is due to the multiple Glass cover and the small contact area of the individual shards among themselves very high.
  • 3. Wärmeverluste durch Konvektion, durch das Aufsteigen erhitzter Luft und durch Wärmeleitung werden durch den von außen nach innen fließenden Luftstrom (Gegenstrom­ verfahren) vermieden.3. Heat loss through convection, through ascending heated air and by conduction are caused by the airflow flowing from outside to inside (counterflow procedure) avoided.
  • 4. Strahlungsverluste aus dem Kollektorinneren werden durch die vielfache Glasabdeckung vermindert, da Glas die Wärme­ strahlen fast vollständig absorbiert.4. Radiation losses from inside the collector are caused by the multiple glass cover diminishes because glass the heat radiate almost completely absorbed.
  • Die von den Glasscherben absorbierende Wärmemenge wird wiederum an die einströmende Luft abgegeben.The amount of heat absorbed by the broken glass becomes again released into the incoming air.
  • 5. Verwendung billiger Baustoffe, da Glasscherben reichlich verfügbar sind und bei gleichen optischen Eigenschaften nur einen kleinen Bruchteil der Kosten für Glasscheiben verursachen.5. Use of cheap building materials, as broken glass is abundant are available and with the same optical properties only a small fraction of the cost of glass panels cause.
  • 6. Die Bestandteile des Gegenstrom-Glasscherben-Sonnenkollektors sind als loses Schüttgut in großen Mengen billig transportier­ bar und können am Ort der Nutzung auf einfache Art zum fertigen Kollektor zusammengefügt werden.6. The components of the countercurrent broken glass solar panel are cheaply transported in bulk as bulk goods bar and can be easily manufactured at the point of use Collector are put together.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung zeigt die Zeichnung.An embodiment of the invention shows the drawing.

Im Erdreich (E) ist ein großes flaches Loch ausgehoben. Darin sind die drei Schichten untergebracht.
Erste Schicht (1.S) Glasscherben.
Zweite Schicht (2.S) Vlies.
Dritte Schicht (3.S) grober Schotter.
Die Luft (L) strömt von oben in Pfeilrichtung in den Gegenstrom-Glasscherben-Sonnenkollektor hinein und erhitzte Luft wird an der Absaugstelle (A) aus der dritten Schicht abgesaugt.A large shallow hole is dug in the ground (E) . The three layers are housed in it.
First layer ( 1st S) of broken glass.
Second layer ( 2nd S) fleece.
Third layer ( 3rd S) of coarse gravel.
The air (L) flows from above in the direction of the arrow into the countercurrent broken glass solar collector and heated air is extracted from the third layer at the extraction point (A) .

Die Sonnenstrahlen (Str) treffen ebenfalls von oben auf den Gegenstrom-Glasscherben-Sonnenkollektor auf und werden bei ihrem Weg durch die Glasscherbenschicht allmählich absorbiert. Die Glasscherben erhitzen sich dadurch und geben Wärme an die einströmende Luft ab.The sun's rays (Str) also strike the countercurrent broken glass solar collector from above and are gradually absorbed as they pass through the broken glass layer. The broken glass heats up and gives off heat to the incoming air.

Claims (2)

Ich beanspruche ein Patent auf einen Gegenstrom-Glasscherben- Sonnenkollektor zur Erhitzung von Luft von Umgebungs­ temperatur auf eine wesentlich höhere Temperatur, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß er aus drei übereinanderliegenden Schichten besteht, wobei die oberste Schicht aus mehreren Lagen von Glasscherben besteht, darunter eine Schicht mit verhältnismäßig hohem Strömungswiderstand, darunter ein Raum mit niedrigem Strömungswiderstand, und weiterhin gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Luft von oben durch alle drei Schichten hindurch­ strömt und aus dem unteren Raum abgesaugt wird. Weiterhin ist die Erfindung gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die mittlere Schicht beispielsweise aus einem Vlies besteht, oder aus einer Sand- oder Erdschicht oder aus feinen Glasscherben. Die untere Schicht kann aus grobem Schotter oder groben Glasscherben mit großen Luftzwischen­ räumen bestehen oder einfach ein freier Raum sein mit einer einfachen Stützkonstruktion, um die beiden oberen Schichten zu tragen.I claim a patent for a countercurrent broken glass solar collector for heating air from ambient temperature to a much higher temperature, characterized in that it consists of three superimposed layers, the top layer consisting of several layers of broken glass, including a layer with Relatively high flow resistance, including a room with low flow resistance, and further characterized in that the air flows from above through all three layers and is sucked out of the lower room. The invention is further characterized in that the middle layer consists, for example, of a fleece, or of a layer of sand or earth, or of fine broken glass. The lower layer can consist of coarse gravel or coarse broken glass with large air gaps or simply be an empty space with a simple support structure to support the two upper layers. Wenn bereits die oberste Schicht einen verhältnismäßig großen Strömungswiderstand aufweist, dann kann die mittlere Schicht entfallen.If the top layer is already a relatively large one Has flow resistance, then the middle Layer is eliminated.
DE3822313A 1988-07-01 1988-07-01 Countercurrent - broken glass - solar panel Expired - Fee Related DE3822313C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3822313A DE3822313C2 (en) 1988-07-01 1988-07-01 Countercurrent - broken glass - solar panel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3822313A DE3822313C2 (en) 1988-07-01 1988-07-01 Countercurrent - broken glass - solar panel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3822313A1 true DE3822313A1 (en) 1990-01-04
DE3822313C2 DE3822313C2 (en) 1997-07-17

Family

ID=6357764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE3822313A Expired - Fee Related DE3822313C2 (en) 1988-07-01 1988-07-01 Countercurrent - broken glass - solar panel

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Country Link
DE (1) DE3822313C2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4007178A1 (en) * 1990-03-07 1991-09-12 Karlfried Cost Device for utilising solar energy - has fan which draws air through glass fragments heated by sun rays
DE4324606A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-02-02 Helmut Fleischmann Heating installations

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2998005A (en) * 1958-03-20 1961-08-29 John G Johnston Solar heater
DE2641325A1 (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-03-23 Conradty Nuernberg Solar energy converter with black porous absorber - through which gaseous or liquid medium passes in continuous flow
US4095428A (en) * 1975-02-25 1978-06-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Solar electric power plant and an improved thermal collector of solar energy
DE2831023A1 (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-15 Mario Dipl Ing Posnansky PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR HEATING A TRANSLUCENT GAS MEDIUM BY USING CONCENTRATED SUN RADIATION
DE3118024A1 (en) * 1981-05-07 1982-11-25 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for producing rigid, planar flat collectors and heat exchangers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2998005A (en) * 1958-03-20 1961-08-29 John G Johnston Solar heater
US4095428A (en) * 1975-02-25 1978-06-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Solar electric power plant and an improved thermal collector of solar energy
DE2641325A1 (en) * 1976-09-14 1978-03-23 Conradty Nuernberg Solar energy converter with black porous absorber - through which gaseous or liquid medium passes in continuous flow
DE2831023A1 (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-15 Mario Dipl Ing Posnansky PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR HEATING A TRANSLUCENT GAS MEDIUM BY USING CONCENTRATED SUN RADIATION
DE3118024A1 (en) * 1981-05-07 1982-11-25 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for producing rigid, planar flat collectors and heat exchangers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4007178A1 (en) * 1990-03-07 1991-09-12 Karlfried Cost Device for utilising solar energy - has fan which draws air through glass fragments heated by sun rays
DE4324606A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-02-02 Helmut Fleischmann Heating installations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3822313C2 (en) 1997-07-17

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Legal Events

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OM8 Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law
8122 Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared
8110 Request for examination paragraph 44
D2 Grant after examination
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee