DE3803313A1 - Herbicide mixture and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a herbicide mixture composed of N-(4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)glycine ethyl ester and 3-isopropyl-(1H)-benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazin-(4)-one 2,2-dioxide. The process according to the invention for the post-emergence control of undesirable mono- and dicotyledon weeds in maize consists in applying a dosage rate of 1-8 kg (calculated as total amount of active ingredients) per hectare.

Description

The invention relates to a postemergent usable mixture, which as active ingredient N- (4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triamine 2-yl) glycine ethyl ester (proglglasin ethyl) and 3-isopropyl- (1H) -benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazin-4-one Contains 2,2-dioxide (bentazone) and a process for the application of this mixture.

Usually, the protection of corn against weed plants with preemergence application detached from soil herbicides (presowing). To succeed this method must have several prerequisites be fulfilled simultaneously. Regarding the effectiveness of pre-eminent herbicides a primary requirement is the corresponding one Precipitation to the herbicide in the soil to wash in addition, in Presowing the means appropriate soil condition as well as the careful Incorporation of the weed agent in the soil. If the mentioned requirements are not complete be fulfilled, then go part of the Weed plants on. The chemical weed control is also affected by other factors. So z. B. in soils with a high content organic substances - even on swamp floors - the Pre-eminent chemical protection unsuccessful, or  only partially successful, because of the high organic Substance content irreversibly adsorbs the herbicides, At the same time is the degradation of herbicide in such soils quickly. They are further hard-to-control weeds that are killed by the Ground can be fought only by chance. Here belong z. B. Datura stramonium, Xanthium spp., Abutilon theophrasti, usa. In similar, hard to control weed species is the only one Method of protection of the postemergent chemical Treatment of weeds.

In Table I, the postemergence in maize is postulated useful herbicides. Of the in the table listed postemergent Herbicides spread 2,4-D and the Dicamba. Their common feature is that they kill the dicotyledon weed plants well. As a result the development in agriculture the traditional maize varieties got through Maize hybrid replaced against hormone-containing Weedkiller more sensitive are. In these hybrids with high biological Potential causes hormonal weed killers Disturbances with visually easily recognizable Symptoms, such. B. "stalk glazing" (on  Effect of 2,4-D) or "rooting" (on effect of dicamba). These harmful Effects are permanent and irreversible Viewpoint of the plants. For these reasons they persist throughout the growing season the plant and a yield decrease is caused. Contact herbicides, such as. Bentazone, pyridate, Bromphenoxime cause in corn in general no harmful symptoms. But if this as a result of overdose appear, they are not permanent and after sprinkling show the new shoots growing on the plant no Damage more. In this way, the corn yield not from these temporary injuries endangered.

While in the application of hormonal Weed killers the ambient temperature is to be considered, and also the degree of development as well as the phenological state of the crop - which limits the application time - is in the application of contact herbicides (Bentazon) the most important factor of developmental status the plant. The herbicides Bentazone, Pyridate, Bromophenoxime exacerbates relatively well postemergic application of the dicotyledonous weed plants,  but their spectrum of activity is limited. For this reason, these agents are with hormonal, or with chlorine-amino triazine herbicides combined. These combinations have the advantage that the amount of mentioned Active ingredients in the combinations reduced on the other hand it is spreading Their spectrum of activity can be several weed varieties eradicate, also their selectivity improves.

preparation The active ingredients used in the preparation and their amount Basagarn 480 g / l bentazone Faneron Multi 50 WP 38% bromophenoxime + 12% terbutylazine Lentagran WP 50% pyridate Lentagran EC 640 g / l pyridate Hungazin DT 50% simazine Hungazin 440 FW 440 g / l atrazine Dikamine D 40% 2,4-D Dikonirt 76% 2,4-D 2,4-D amine 43.5% 2,4-D Banvel 450 g / l dicamba

International names Chemical name atrazine 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine simazine 2-chloro-4,6-bis (ethylamino) -s-triazine Propazine 2-chloro-4,6-bis (isopropylamino) -s-triazine Ipazin 2-chloro-4-diethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine trietazine 2-chloro-4,6-diethylamino-6-ethylamino-s-triazine Chlorazin 2-chloro-4,6-bis (diethylamino) -s-triazine bentazone 3-isopropyl- (1,4) -benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazin-4-one-2,2-dioxide Bromphenoxim 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde-0- (2,4-dinitro-phenyloxime terbutylazine 4-ethylamino-tert-butyl-amino-6-chloro-s-triazine pyridate 0- (6-chloro-3-phenyl-4-pyridazinyl) -S- (n-octyl) thiocarbonate 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid dicamba 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid

The s-triazines are widely used in itself or in combinations, in postemergent and preemergent way both in industrial as well as agricultural  Areas for the destruction of weed plants.

When weed control is the largest Quantity used on the floor, the inclusion of the Active ingredient takes place via the roots of the plant. Regarding the application is the decomposition of s-triazines in the soil one of the most important Aspects. This determines the achievable Weed control, selectivity, persistence, the effect on soil organisms, the pollution of the soil and the waters, the crop rotation of the grown plants. As is known, herbicides must have appropriate Have effect content to the unwanted To kill weed plants. If but their persistence in the soil is too long, so can this limit the crop rotation. That's why all herbicides used in the soil turn out once dismantle, or have to be converted and part of soil (Residue Reviews, Vol. 32. VII. Springer, 1970).

As is known, the triazines show persistence of different degrees in the ground. After the Investigations of some authors (Switzer and Rauser: Effectiveness and persistence of certain  herbicides in soil. Proc. N. E. Weed Control Control Conf. 14,329, 1960) can be the following Order on effectiveness and persistence in the soil of the known triazines studied set up: simazine, atrazine, propazine, ipazin, Trietazine, chlorazine.

Between persistence and chemical structure there is a connection. The speed of her Disappearing from the ground depends on several environmental and edaphic factors. So caused the persistence and incorrect use of Atrazine often causes problems in crop rotation prevent the bred plants can. Some authors therefore suggest triazine-sensitive Plants after the application of Not to sow triazine for 1 year (Residue Reviews, Vol. 32. pages 207-208., Springer 1970).

In addition to the persistence means a newer Problem the appearance of triazine-resistant Weed varieties as a result of monoculture maize breeding (Gresel and Segel 1979. Genetic herbicide resistance: Projections on apperance in weeds and Breding for it crops. Plenum, New York. Plant Regulation and World agriculture, pages 85-108).  

In the case of perennial, repeated Application of herbicides of the same type the period 8-10 years.

After investigations by Solymosi-Kost'l (Növ'nyv'delem, crop protection, vintage XX, Number 1984/8, pages 345-349) is the proportion of triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus Individuals in Hungary in ruderal areas 1.1-3.3%, in the fruit-changing maize 1.2-11.4%, in Monoculture 81-99.5%. The experience shows that a herbicide change to repress Amaranthus retroflexus resistant populations also not suitable (Solymosi Kost'l: Növ'nyv'delem, plant protection, vintage XX: number 1984/10, pages 455-457).

Some authors (Coward, J. Theor., Biol. 75. 349-371), if one is 98% resistant Convert the population to 98% sensitive want, are in the case of Amaranthus retroflexus 10-11 generations required. The Development of triazine-resistant weed varieties as well as the protection against these again provokes in agriculture both economic as well also biological problems. The triazine-resistant So weed types are mainly against the  Biotype of Amaranthus retroflexus effective postemergent active products (Lantagran WP, EC, Faneron Multi WP, Basagran, etc.), however, their application burdens with serious ones financial problems the agricultural Companies, their effect is specific, because not all dicotyledonous weeds destroy.

The object of the invention is the production a postemergence maize used in maize with several active ingredients, which also in the case of a mixed flora (monocots and dicotyledonous weed plants) can be successfully used.

Another task is the production one against triazine-resistant weed plants good product efficiency.

The invention postemergent in maize usable herbicide, which consists of biological active substances, as well as solid or liquid Carriers, and optionally from surface-active Substances is characterized by that as active ingredients in 0.1-95% by mass and (1: 10-10: 1) mass ratio N- (4-chloro-6- isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) glycine ethyl ester and 3-isopropyl- (1H) -benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazine (4) contains -on-2,2-dioxide.  

With the product according to the invention is treated the acreage of maize postemergence, in a can calculated per acre on the corn acreage 1-8 kg, preferably 2-6 kg. The according to the invention necessary drug mixture is expediently distributed in several smaller doses brought out to the area to be treated.

Of the in the mixtures according to the invention herbicidal active ingredients used, the proglubazine ethyl as a preemergent herbicide in maize Used quantities of 4 kg of active ingredient per hectare. It was found to be particularly effective against Seedlings of dicots. His production was detailed by H. Bredecker and coworkers studied (Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 75, Number 18th, page: 825-850 and DE 20 32 861). bentazone is a known contact herbicide and can be used very well in maize seeds. The active substance absorbs itself in the Plants through the leaves (Pesticide Manual, 7th edition, page 39., 1983).

The production of Bentazon is in the DE 21 05 687 described.  

The mixture according to the invention can be immediate in the form of spray solutions, powders, Suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, Pastes, litter, granules through Used for dusting, spraying, spreading or pouring become. The formulated mixtures become adapted to the application. In all cases is the finest distribution of active ingredients in the world To secure the product. For the production of directly sprayable solutions, emulsions, Pastes or oil emulsions are used aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, for example benzene, toluene, Xylene, ethanol, propanol. Butanol or strong polar solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide or water. Aqueous products can be made from emulsion concentrates, Pastes, or wettable powders (spray powders), Oil dispersions are prepared with water. For the preparation of emulsions, pastes or Oil dispersions become the active ingredients in themselves dissolved alone or in oil or solvent, with wetting agents, adhesion-promoting, dispersing or emulsifiers and possibly by Addition of solvent or oil in the form of a  Concentrate prepares and these can be filled with water be diluted. Of the surface active Substances are the mixture of sodium lignin sulfate, Sodium lauryl sulfate, oxyethylated nonylphenol and calcium salt of dodecylsulfonic acid mentioned. Powder, pulverizing and scattering agents By mixing the active ingredients with the solid carrier produced. Granules, coated impregnated and homogeneous granules are made so that we add the active ingredients tie the solid carriers. Solid carriers can z. B. mineral earths his.

The preparation and action of the invention Products will be based on the following Examples illustrated.

Example 1

For the preparation of a wettable powder mixture a mixture of the following composition is prepared:

5% by mass sodium lignin sulfate dispersant;
2% by mass of sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid (wetting agent);
5-10 mass% synthetic silica (grinding aid);
30% by mass of proglglazine ethyl;
20% by mass of bentazone;
33-38% by mass of silica or kaolin (carrier).

The components are in a known manner homogenized in a suitable device, then in a for the production of fine powders suitable mill to the desired grain size ground. The millbase obtained is according to the practice known in agriculture on the seedbed of the maize to be treated brought.

example 2

In the biological examples, the Effectiveness of the products according to the invention shown. The in the biological examples  used culture and weed plants are in Table III used for evaluation EWRC scale listed in Table IV:

Cultivated: Zea mays Corn Weeds: @ Amaranthus retroflexus foxtail Anthemis spp Dog chamomile species Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd's bag Chenopodium album White goosefoot Chrysanthemum segetum Seed flower, (meadow flower) Convulvulus arvensis bindweed Echinochloa crus-galli buttercup Galium aparine Klettenlabkraut, Catchstraw Lamium amplexicaule Velvety deadnettle Lapsane communia Common rain cabbage Matricaria spp. chamomile varieties Panicum miliaceum Real millet Poa spp. Rispengrasarten Setaria glauca Mattfennich Setaria viridis Grünfennich Stellaria media chickweed

Table IV

In Freiackerparzellen of 20 m² were with the weed plants Setaria viridis, Echinochloa Crus-galli, Stellaria media, Amaranthum Retroflexus and convulvulus infected corn from 5-19 cm height sprayed with the following active ingredients:

• 1. N- (4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5- triazin-2-yl) glycine ethyl ester, Dose 1.5 and 2.0 kg / ha.
• 2. 3-isopropyl-2,1,3-benzo-thiadiazine (4) -one-2,2-dioxide, dose 1.5 and 2.0 kg / ha.
• 1st and 2nd The 1: 1 mixture of the above active ingredients, Dose 2 kg / ha.

When spraying were both the corn too the weed plants in 4-6blättrigem state. The length of the Convulvulus arvensis sprouts was 8-10 cm, the number of repetitions 4. The result of the experiment is considered average the 4 repetitions indicated. The evaluation the herbicidal action was carried out by means of EWRC-scale.

Results of these experiments are in table V summarized.  

Table V

It can be seen that the effect of the mixture the herbicidal activity of the individually used Compounds active ingredients.

example 3

In plastic containers of 10 cm diameter were grains of Zea mays, Amaranthus retroflexus, Galium aporine, Chenopodium album, Lamium fucked amolexicaule. The vessels were then in three groups (A, B, C) distributed, each group consisted from 4 pots. The groups were with the inventive Mixture treated in the following manner:

Group A:
after the emergence of maize and weed plants (in a 2-4 leaf state), 1.25 kg / ha 1: 1 mixture of propglinazine ethyl and bentazone active ingredients dispersed in 500 l water,
Group B:
6 days after treatment of group A (in 3-6-sheet state of weed plants) 1.25 kg / ha 1: 1 mixture of proprolazin-ethyl and bentazone active ingredients dispersed in 500 l of water,
Group C:
first after method A, then B on one occasion, with dose 0.625 kg / ha.

When examining the in plastic plates plants after 4 weeks found that the best effect on the Plant the product used in Method C. exercised. Table VI shows the test results.

Table VI

example 4

Three maize plots with weed plants of 20 m² each were mixed with 2.0 kg / ha in 1: 1 ratio propglinazine-ethyl and Bentazon agents included treated. The Treatment was performed by 3 methods:

• A. the first parcel was made after rising the useful and weed plants, treated in a 2-4 leaf stage,
• B. the second unsprayed parcel was on sixth day after spraying the first plot in 3-6blättrigem Treated stage of weed plants,
• C. the third plot was only after the Method A then treated to B with each 1.0 kg of active ingredient per spraying, ie in total with 2 kg of active ingredient.

The results were on the tenth day, then on evaluated eighteenth day after the first treatment. The test results are in the Tables VII-IX indicated.  

Table VII

Method A (EWRC)

Table VIII

Method B (EWRC)

Table IX

Method C (EWRC)

When evaluating Tables VII-IX find that:

• A. because of too early spraying the after spraying rising weeds at the time of the evaluation the result the spraying no longer show the herbicidal action is probable weak,
• B. when done in the right time spraying the herbicidal action accordingly is  
• C. with the invention double Treatment exceeds the effect of herbicidal produce those of the unique ones Treat with a spray solution made of the same active ingredient content was so that the weeds Amaranthus retroflexus can be eliminated.

example 5

The herbicidal action of the invention Mixture against the atrazine resistant Amaranthus retroflexus was found on brown forest soil investigated with 1.8% by mass of organic substance content.

The trial field was hybrid maize on June 26th seeded with 83 183 germ number per hectare (Maize "P. 3978").

The area was then in 8.5 l / ha amount with a liquid containing 44% atrazine Treated funds. This remedy is ineffective on the field-rising Amaranthus retroflexus Weed plants and in some parts of the Feldes are themselves the monocot weed species not destroyed. At the beginning of the experiment was the corn of 10 cm in length, Amaranthus  retroflexus was in 2-4-petalled, Echinochloa Crus galli in 1-2blättrigem stage. At the trial field was the proportion of Amaranthus retroflexus 87.5%, Echinochloa crus-galli 8% of the weed population. Spraying with the herbicides was sprayed with TeeJet 11 002 spray heads at 3 bar Pressure made. During the spraying was a temperature of 24 ° C and a relative Moisture content of 33% measured. The floor and the vegetation was spraying at the time dry. On the fourth day after stopping the treatments was a rainfall of 2.2 mm, in two Weeks was the rainfall 19.9 mm. The herbicides and phytotoxic agents applied to the crop Effect was with during the growing season Application of the EEA-1 scale divided by 1 to 9 in three times, on 19.06., 12.07 and 17.09 measured.  

Table X

Table XI

First evaluation (10.06)

Table XII

Second evaluation (12.07)

Table XIII

Third evaluation (14.09)

The mixture according to the invention was combatted successful atrazine-resistant amaranthus retroflexus. The first treatment nearly destroyed as 100% of this weed as the 10. Treatment. Also between the phytotoxic Effects of the mixtures was no difference.  

Both active ingredients of the invention Herbicide mixtures are rapidly degraded in the soil. According to experience, the half-life of Proglinazine ethyl 50-70 days (one enough long period for the liberation of the corn of weed plants).

Bentazon gets up in the soil in 6 weeks a residue level has been reduced. Application of the herbicide mixture increased according to the invention the field of crop breeding pollution the environment not at all and thereby allows the good use of the Agricultural land for sowing, Autumn cultivation or crop rotation.

Claims (2)

1. herbicide mixture consisting of two active substances and a carrier, optionally of surface-active substances, characterized in that it contains as active ingredients in total 0.1-95% by mass and (1: 10) - (10: 1) mass ratio a mixture of N- (4-Chloro-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) glycine ethyl ester and 3-isopropyl- (1H) -benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazine-4-one-2,2 contains dioxide. 2. Method for controlling weeds in corn, characterized that one on the cultivated area of maize a mixture of 4- (4-chloro-6-isopropylamino) 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) glycine ethyl ester and 3-isopropyl- (1H) -benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazine (4) - on-2,2-dioxide formulated with carrier and / or surfactants in one on the total amount the active ingredients calculated 1-6 kg / ha Dose, in a period of 6-20 days.