DE3742852C2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE3742852C2
DE3742852C2 DE3742852A DE3742852A DE3742852C2 DE 3742852 C2 DE3742852 C2 DE 3742852C2 DE 3742852 A DE3742852 A DE 3742852A DE 3742852 A DE3742852 A DE 3742852A DE 3742852 C2 DE3742852 C2 DE 3742852C2
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
semi
finished products
pipes
tube
finished
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE3742852A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3742852A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Welz
Hermann Dr. Buchert
Karl Dr. 6702 Bad Duerkheim De Kroebl
Manfred Dr. 6719 Weisenheim De Heym
Matthias Dr. 6700 Ludwigshafen De Winkler
Hartmut Dr. 6831 Plankstadt De Zeiner
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication date
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Priority to DE19873742852 priority Critical patent/DE3742852A1/en
Publication of DE3742852A1 publication Critical patent/DE3742852A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3742852C2 publication Critical patent/DE3742852C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/385Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges using several sheets to form the circumference
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/005Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/48Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of indefinite length, i.e. bending a strip progressively
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • B29C66/7292Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2071/12PPO, i.e. polyphenylene oxide; PPE, i.e. polyphenylene ether
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2079/00Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2079/08PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
    • B29K2079/085Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B29K2081/04Polysulfides, e.g. PPS, i.e. polyphenylene sulfide or derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B29K2081/06PSU, i.e. polysulfones; PES, i.e. polyethersulfones or derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2313/00Use of textile products or fabrics as reinforcement
    • B29K2313/02Use of textile products or fabrics as reinforcement coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0012Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular thermal properties
    • B29K2995/0017Heat stable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00Layered products

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Verwendung flexibler Halbzeuge aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen zur Herstellung von Rohren für die Be- und Entlüftung von Fahrgastzellen.The invention relates to the use of flexible semi-finished products fiber-reinforced plastics for the production of pipes for the and ventilation of passenger compartments.

Rohre aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen, beispielsweise aus Reaktions­ harzen, wie Polyesterharze oder Epoxidharze sind bekannt und werden für viele Zwecke mit Erfolg eingesetzt. Besonders vorteilhaft sind sie dort, wo es auf Beständigkeit gegenüber korrosiven Medien ankommt. Im allge­ meinen erfolgt ihre Herstellung diskontinuierlich. Dabei werden Fäden oder faserige Flächengebilde, vornehmlich Glasfasermatten mit Harz getränkt und unter einem Winkel auf einen rotierenden Kern aufgewickelt, ausgehärtet und der Wickelkörper abgezogen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich zwar hochfeste Präzisionsrohre herstellen, der Arbeits- und Zeitaufwand ist jedoch erheb­ lich. Darüber hinaus muß für jeden Rohrdurchmesser ein entsprechender Wickelkern bereitgestellt werden. Für die Be- und Entlüftung von Fahr­ gastzellen sind derartige Rohre mit engen Toleranzgrenzen nicht unbedingt erforderlich.Pipes made of fiber-reinforced plastics, for example from reaction Resins such as polyester resins or epoxy resins are known and are used for many purposes successfully used. They are particularly advantageous there where resistance to corrosive media is important. Generally they are made discontinuously. Doing threads or fibrous fabrics, primarily glass fiber mats soaked in resin and coiled at an angle on a rotating core, hardened and the winding body is pulled off. In this way, high-strength can be Manufacture precision tubes, but the effort and time is considerable Lich. In addition, a corresponding must for each pipe diameter Winding core are provided. For ventilation of driving Such cells with narrow tolerance limits are not necessarily guest cells required.

Es war daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, anzugeben, wie Rohre aus faser­ verstärkten Kunststoffen mit geringem Aufwand einfach und schnell her­ stellbar sind. Außerdem sollen die Rohre besonders leicht, wärmebe­ ständig und nicht brennbar sein.It was therefore an object of the invention to specify how pipes made of fiber reinforced plastics quickly and easily with little effort are adjustable. In addition, the pipes should be particularly light and warm be permanent and non-flammable.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird die Verwendung flexibler Halbzeuge aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen vorgeschlagen, wobei die aus wenigstens einem mit einem aromatischen Polyether oder Polythioether getränkten oder laminierten textilen Flächengebilde bestehenden Halbzeuge rohrartig verwölbt und die Ränder des bzw. der Halbzeuge(s) überlappend oder nach ihrer Abkantung miteinander verschweißt werden.The solution to this problem is the use of flexible semi-finished products fiber-reinforced plastics proposed, the at least one soaked or laminated with an aromatic polyether or polythioether existing textile semi-finished products are warped like tubes and the Edges of the semi-finished product (s) overlapping or after they have been folded are welded together.

Für die Halbzeuge, d. h. für das Tränken oder Laminieren der textilen Flächengebilde kommen insbesondere die eine erhöhte Wärmeformbeständigkeit aufweisenden und schwer entflammbaren aromatischen Polyether und Polythioether, z. B. Polyphenylenether, Polysulfon, Polyethersulfon, Polyetherimid, Polyetherketon oder Polyphenylensulfid sowie Mischungen dieser Thermo­ plaste in Betracht. Zusätzlich können diese Kunststoffe übliche Zusatz­ stoffe, wie Füllstoffe, Pigmente, Farbstoffe, Antistatika, Stabilisatoren, Flammschutzmittel oder Gleitmittel enthalten.For the semi-finished products, d. H. for soaking or laminating the textile Sheets come in particular with increased heat resistance containing and flame retardant aromatic polyether and polythioethers, e.g. B. polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, Polyetherimide, polyether ketone or polyphenylene sulfide and Blends this thermo  plastic considered. In addition, these plastics can add usual substances such as fillers, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents, stabilizers, Contain flame retardants or lubricants.

Als textile Flächengebilde eignen sich Gewebe, Matten, Vliese oder Gelege, die aus Glas-, Kohlenstoff- und/oder Kunststoff-Fasern, vorzugsweise aus Mineral- und oxydkeramischen Fasern hergestellt sein können. Um einen besseren Zusammenhalt der Fasern im Flächengebilde zu bewirken, werden sie zweckmäßigerweise mit üblichen Bindern auf Kunststoffbasis beschichtet. Glasfasern werden mit üblichen Schlichten behandelt. Das Flächengewicht der faserigen Substanzen beträgt etwa 15 bis etwa 1000 g/m2.Suitable fabrics are mats, mats, nonwovens or scrims, which can be made from glass, carbon and / or plastic fibers, preferably from mineral and oxide ceramic fibers. In order to achieve better cohesion of the fibers in the flat structure, they are expediently coated with conventional binders based on plastics. Glass fibers are treated with normal sizes. The basis weight of the fibrous substances is about 15 to about 1000 g / m 2 .

Zur Herstellung der Halbzeuge werden die textilen Flächengebilde in an sich bekannter Weise mit Kunststoff laminiert, indem z. B. eine Kunststoff­ schmelze über eine Breitschlitzdüse extrudiert und von beheizten Walzen oder Preßbändern in das Fasermaterial eingedrückt wird. Es ist auch möglich, die Flächengebilde mit einer dünnflüssigen Kunststofflösung zu tränken und anschließend das Lösungsmittel zu verdampfen oder den Kunst­ stoff im Phasenumkehrverfahren auszufällen und das entstandene Gebilde zu verdichten. Der Fasergehalt der Halbzeuge kann in weiten Grenzen variieren und liegt im allgemeinen zwischen 20 und 90 Gew.-%. Die Halbzeugdicke beträgt etwa 0,05 bis etwa 1,5 mm.To manufacture the semi-finished products, the textile fabrics are made in known laminated with plastic by z. B. a plastic melt extruded through a slot die and heated rolls or press belts is pressed into the fiber material. It is also possible to cover the fabrics with a thin plastic solution soak and then evaporate the solvent or the art precipitate material in the phase inversion process and the resulting structure condense. The fiber content of the semi-finished products can vary within wide limits and is generally between 20 and 90 wt .-%. The semi-finished product thickness is about 0.05 to about 1.5 mm.

Durch die Verwendung aromatischer Polyether oder Polythioether für das Tränken bzw. Laminieren der faserigen Flächengebilde werden die Normen der Brennbarkeit und der Toxizität der Gase, die bei einer Verbrennung entstehen, gemäß FAR 25 853 bzw. ATS 1000 001 erfüllt. Zudem wird auch infolge des geringen Kunststoffanteils die Wärmeentwicklung im Brandfall reduziert.By using aromatic polyethers or polythioethers for the Soaking or laminating the fibrous fabrics become the norms of Flammability and the toxicity of the gases caused by combustion arise in accordance with FAR 25 853 or ATS 1000 001. In addition, too due to the low plastic content, the heat development in the event of fire reduced.

Die Weiterverarbeitung der Halbzeuge zu Rohren, erfolgt durch entsprechende Verwölbung und Verschweißung der Halbzeugränder, wobei gegebenenfalls die Ränder gleichzeitig abgekantet werden. Verschiedene Ausführungsformen der Rohre sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.The further processing of the semi-finished products into tubes is carried out by appropriate Warping and welding of the semi-finished product edges, where appropriate the edges are folded at the same time. Different embodiments the pipes are shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein innen und außen glattes Rohr, das durch elastisches Biegen des Halbzeuges in die Rohrform gebracht wird und durch Verschweißen der überlappenden Ränder fixiert wird. Gemäß Fig. 2 werden zunächst die zu verschweißenden Halbzeugränder abgekantet und dann miteinander ver­ bunden. Es ist aber auch möglich, gleichzeitig beim Schweißen, solange die Halbzeugränder noch plastisch sind, diese abzukanten, wie dies in den Fig. 5 bis 7 angegeben ist. Der außenliegende Schweißsteg solcher Rohre vereinfacht deren Montage. Nach Fig. 3 teilt ein Steg das Rohr in zwei Kammern, so daß z.B. zwei verschiedene Medien, wie Abluft/Zuluft oder Heizluft mit unterschiedlichen Temperaturen gleichzeitig gefördert werden können. Diese Ausführungsform eignet sich auch für Wärmetauscher, vor allem, wenn als Steg eine gut wärmeleitende Metallfolie eingesetzt wird. Weiterhin lassen sich auch Rohre mit rechteckigem Querschnitt fertigen (Fig. 4). Bei diesen Rohren sollte das Fördermedium indes nur geringen Überdruck aufweisen, da sonst die biegeweichen Rohrwände stark ausbeulen. Dagegen können runde Rohre durchaus mit Überdruck beaufschlagt werden, sind aber gegenüber Unterdruck empfindlich, da die dünnen Wände nur vorwiegend Membranspannungen aufnehmen können. Die biegeweichen Wände der Rohre bieten aber den großen Vorteil der Deformierbarkeit, was gerade beim Verlegen bei beengten Raumverhältnissen wichtig ist. Fig. 1 shows an inside and outside smooth tube, which is brought into the tube shape by elastic bending of the semi-finished product and is fixed by welding the overlapping edges. According to Fig. 2, first, the folded edges to be welded semi-finished product and then ver together tied. However, it is also possible to bend them at the same time as welding, as long as the semi-finished product edges are still plastic, as indicated in FIGS . 5 to 7. The external weld web of such pipes simplifies their assembly. According to FIG. 3, a web divides the tube into two chambers, so that, for example, two different media, such as exhaust air / supply air or heating air, can be conveyed at different temperatures at the same time. This embodiment is also suitable for heat exchangers, especially if a well heat-conducting metal foil is used as the web. Furthermore, tubes with a rectangular cross section can also be produced ( FIG. 4). With these pipes, however, the pumped medium should only have a slight overpressure, otherwise the flexible pipe walls will bulge. On the other hand, round pipes can be subjected to excess pressure, but are sensitive to negative pressure, since the thin walls can only predominantly absorb membrane stresses. However, the flexible walls of the pipes offer the great advantage of deformability, which is particularly important when laying in tight spaces.

Das Verschweißen der Halbzeuge zu Rohren kann mit den verschiedenen Ver­ fahren wie Ultraschall-, Wärmekontakt-, Wärmeimpuls- oder Strahlungs­ schweißen erfolgen; das aufwendigere Kleben empfiehlt sich nur dann, wenn Schweißverfahren z.B. aus räumlichen Gründen oder bei unverträglichen Materialien nicht einzusetzen sind. Das Verschweißen kann diskontinuier­ lich oder vorzugsweise kontinuierlich mittels Ultraschall-Rollnaht- oder Heizkeilschweißung durchgeführt werden.The welding of the semi-finished products to pipes can be done with the different ver drive like ultrasonic, thermal contact, thermal pulse or radiation welding done; the more complex gluing is only recommended if Welding process e.g. for reasons of space or incompatible Materials are not to be used. The welding can be discontinuous Lich or preferably continuously by means of ultrasonic roller seam or Hot wedge welding can be performed.

Beim Ultraschallschweißverfahren werden Amplituden zwischen 25 und 60 µm angewendet, die Schweißzeiten liegen zwischen 0,1 und 1,0 s bei spezifischen Drücken zwischen 10 und 50 bar. Für die Wärmestrahlungs­ schweißung sind Heizkeiltemperaturen von 400-500°C erforderlich. Für eine hohe Schweißgeschwindigkeit ist ein Abstand des Materials vom Heizkeil von weniger als 1 mm einzuhalten.The ultrasonic welding process uses amplitudes between 25 and 60 µm applied, the welding times are between 0.1 and 1.0 s specific pressures between 10 and 50 bar. For heat radiation welding wedge temperatures of 400-500 ° C are required. For a high welding speed is a distance of the material from the Comply with the heating wedge of less than 1 mm.

Auf diese Weise können Rohre mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 10 bis ca. 500 mm und mehr gefertigt werden. Je nach Durchmesser und Wanddicke beträgt das Rohrgewicht 5 bis 2000 g/m.In this way, pipes with a diameter of approx. 10 to approx. 500 mm and more can be manufactured. Depending on the diameter and wall thickness the pipe weight is 5 to 2000 g / m.

Zu verbinden sind diese Rohre nach Verfahren, wie sie z.B. beim Verbinden von Schläuchen eingesetzt werden. Dazu können Formkörper wie Krümmer, Abzweigungen, Reduzierstücke, Flansche u.a. aus wärmebeständigen Thermo­ plasten spritzgegossen werden oder Halbschalen aus Metallblechen oder faserverstärktem thermoplastischem Halbzeug geformt und durch Schweißen verbunden werden. Diese Formteile sind dann mit den Rohren durch Schweißen bzw. Kleben unlösbar oder lösbar mit Hilfe von Schlauchschellen zu ver­ binden. Ein direktes Anformen von Flanschen ist ebenfalls denkbar. These pipes are to be connected according to procedures, e.g. when connecting of hoses. Shaped bodies such as elbows, Branches, reducers, flanges etc. made of heat-resistant thermo be injection molded or half shells made of sheet metal or fiber-reinforced thermoplastic semi-finished product and welded get connected. These fittings are then welded to the pipes or glue undetachable or detachable with the help of hose clamps tie. A direct molding of flanges is also conceivable.  

Weiterhin ist es möglich, die Rohre auf ein versteifendes Gerüst aufzu­ ziehen. Das Gerüst kann ein einteiliges Spritzgußteil z.B. für Fittings kleiner Nenndurchmesser sein. Bei größeren Querschnitten und komplexen Formen kann das Gerüst auch aus mehreren fest miteinander verbundenen Einzelteilen aufgebaut sein.It is also possible to mount the pipes on a stiffening frame pull. The scaffold can be a one-piece injection molded part e.g. for fittings small nominal diameter. For larger cross-sections and complex ones The scaffold can also be formed from several firmly connected Individual parts must be constructed.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung werden die Halbzeuge nach ihrer rohrartigen Verwölbung und gegebenenfalls nach Verschweißung der Halbzeug­ ränder mit einer Isolierschicht versehen. Die Isolierschicht kann auch zwischen zwei koaxial zueinander angeordneten Rohren vorgesehen werden (Fig. 8-10). Dazu wird zunächst ein inneres Rohr gefertigt, darum eine Schaumstoffschicht gelegt und diese dann mit einer zweiten Halbzeuglage auf das Kernrohr gespannt und durch Verschweißen fixiert. Ein solches Isolierrohr kann vorteilhaft als Luftleitung in Fahrzeugheizungen einge­ setzt werden und schwere, starre Luftkanäle ersetzen.According to a further feature of the invention, the semi-finished products are provided with an insulating layer after their tube-like curvature and optionally after welding of the semi-finished product edges. The insulating layer can also be provided between two pipes arranged coaxially to one another ( Fig. 8-10). For this purpose, an inner tube is first manufactured, a layer of foam is placed around it and then stretched onto the core tube with a second layer of semi-finished products and fixed by welding. Such an insulating tube can advantageously be used as an air line in vehicle heating systems and replace heavy, rigid air ducts.

Als Schaummaterial werden nicht brennbare oder zumindest schwer entflamm­ bare Schäume auf Basis von Polyimid oder Melamin-Formaldehyd eingesetzt. Die Schaumstoffe werden zweckmäßig flexibel eingestellt, damit Plattenware zu entsprechenden Rohren verformt werden kann. Ihre Dicke richtet sich nach dem Rohrdurchmesser sowie nach den Anwendungsbedürfnissen, wie Isolier- und Versteifungswirkung, Platzbedarf etc. und beträgt zwischen 3 und 100 mm. Ein derartiges Rohr ist reversibel gut deformierbar und somit bei der Montage örtlichen Verhältnissen leicht anzupassen.The non-flammable or at least flame-retardant foam material bare foams based on polyimide or melamine-formaldehyde. The foams are expediently adjusted flexibly, so that they are sheets can be deformed into corresponding tubes. Your thickness depends according to the pipe diameter and according to the application needs, such as Insulating and stiffening effect, space requirements etc. and is between 3 and 100 mm. Such a tube is reversibly well deformable and thus easy to adapt to local conditions during installation.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein bandförmiges Halbzeug aus einem Glasgewebe von 450 g/m2, das mit ca. 35 Gew.-% Polyethersulfon getränkt ist, wird endlos einer Anlage zuge­ führt, die daraus kontinuierlich ein Rohr fertigt. Dabei wird das 640 mm breite Band um einen Dorn von 200 mm Durchmesser gelegt (Fig. 11), mit Rollen angedrückt und die überlappende Fläche von ca. 10 mm Breite durch Aufheizen mit einem Heizkeil mit einer Temperatur von 480°C unter An­ drücken an eine gekühlte Walze verschweißt. Das Rohr hat eine Wanddicke von 0,4 mm und wiegt 410 g/m.A band-shaped semi-finished product made of a glass fabric of 450 g / m 2 , which is impregnated with approx. 35% by weight of polyethersulfone, is fed continuously to a system which continuously produces a tube therefrom. The 640 mm wide tape is placed around a mandrel with a diameter of 200 mm ( Fig. 11), pressed on with rollers and the overlapping area of approx. 10 mm wide is pressed on by heating with a heating wedge at a temperature of 480 ° C a cooled roll welded. The tube has a wall thickness of 0.4 mm and weighs 410 g / m.

In einem zweiten Arbeitsgang werden 2-m-Stücke dieses Rohres diskonti­ nuierlich mit einem 10 mm dicken Melaminharzschaum mit einem Raumgewicht von 12 g/l umwickelt und mit einer zweiten Schicht aus glasgewebever­ stärktem Polyethersulfon fixiert, indem diese 725 mm breite Bahn um das Rohr vorgespannt und anschließend zu einem 15 mm breiten Steg verschweißt wird. Das Gesamtgewicht des isolierten Rohres beträgt 1170 g/m. In a second step, 2 m pieces of this pipe are discounted nuely with a 10 mm thick melamine resin foam with a density of 12 g / l and wrapped with a second layer of glass fabric strengthened polyether sulfone by this 725 mm wide web around the The tube is prestressed and then welded to a 15 mm wide bridge becomes. The total weight of the insulated pipe is 1170 g / m.  

Beispiel 2Example 2

Zur Herstellung eines zweikanaligen Rohres für Zu- und Abluft werden zwei Bänder von 366 mm Breite aus glasgewebeverstärktem Polysulfon mit einem Gesamtflächengewicht von 560 g/m2 und ca. 70% Glasgehalt beidseitig in 15 mm Breite um 90° abgekantet und mit einem 180 mm breiten Mittelstreifen in der in den Fig. 12 und 13 gezeigten Weise verschweißt. Für diesen Verbindungsvorgang wird ein kontinuierlich arbeitendes Ultraschall- Schweißverfahren eingesetzt, bei dem alle 3 Schichten durch ein Transport­ rad unter einer Sonotrode mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1,2 m/min hin­ durchgeführt wird. Bei einer Wanddicke von 0,3 mm wiegt dieses Rohr von 150 mm Durchmesser 575 g/m.To produce a two-channel pipe for supply and exhaust air, two tapes 366 mm wide made of glass fabric-reinforced polysulfone with a total basis weight of 560 g / m 2 and approx. 70% glass content are bent on both sides in 15 mm width by 90 ° and with a 180 mm wide one Median strip welded in the manner shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. A continuously working ultrasonic welding process is used for this connection process, in which all 3 layers are carried out by a transport wheel under a sonotrode at a speed of 1.2 m / min. With a wall thickness of 0.3 mm, this tube with a diameter of 150 mm weighs 575 g / m.

Claims (6)

1. Verwendung flexibler Halbzeuge aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen zur Herstellung von Rohren für die Be- und Entlüftung von Fahrgastzellen, wobei die aus wenigstens einem mit einem aromatischen Polyether oder Polythioether getränkten oder laminierten textilen Flächengebilde bestehenden Halbzeuge rohrartig verwölbt und die Ränder des bzw. der Halbzeuge(s) überlappend oder nach ihrer Abkantung miteinander verschweißt werden.1. Use of flexible semi-finished products made of fiber-reinforced plastics Manufacture of pipes for the ventilation of passenger cells, which consists of at least one with an aromatic polyether or polythioether impregnated or laminated textile fabrics Semi-finished products are warped like a tube and the edges of the semi-finished product (s) overlapping or welded together after they have been folded. 2. Halbzeuge für die Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die textilen Flächengebilde aus faserigen Substanzen in Form von Geweben, Matten, Vliesen oder Gelegen mit Flächengewichten von etwa 15 bis etwa 1000 g/m2 bestehen.2. Semi-finished products for use according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile fabrics consist of fibrous substances in the form of fabrics, mats, nonwovens or scrims with weights per unit area of about 15 to about 1000 g / m 2 . 3. Halbzeuge für die Verwendung nach Anspruch 1 oder Halbzeuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie nach ihrer rohrartigen Verwölbung auf ein Gerüst aufgezogen werden.3. Semi-finished products for use according to claim 1 or semi-finished products after Claim 2, characterized in that according to their tubular Warping are drawn onto a scaffold. 4. Halbzeuge für die Verwendung nach Anspruch 1 oder Halbzeuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie nach ihrer rohrartigen Verwölbung mit einer Isolierschicht versehen werden.4. Semi-finished products for use according to claim 1 or semi-finished products Claim 2, characterized in that according to their tubular Warping can be provided with an insulating layer. 5. Halbzeuge nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolier­ schicht aus einem offenzelligen Melamin-Formaldehyd-Schaum besteht.5. Semi-finished products according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulating layer consists of an open-cell melamine-formaldehyde foam. 6. Halbzeuge nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolier­ schicht aus einem flexiblen Polyimidschaum besteht.6. Semi-finished products according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulation layer consists of a flexible polyimide foam.
DE19873742852 1987-12-17 1987-12-17 Use of flexible semi-finished products of fibre-reinforced plastics for producing hollow bodies Granted DE3742852A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19954440A1 (en) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-07 Ktd Plasticon Kunststofftechni Production of cylindrical moldings for use as pipes or in tanks comprises bending flat plastic sheet to form tube of desired diameter then using laser to weld edges together

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0610518A4 (en) * 1992-08-07 1995-11-15 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Molded laminate and method of producing the same.
DK2343179T3 (en) * 2010-01-12 2015-02-09 Twe Group Gmbh Ultrasonic and laser welding for rørsanering
DE102012202620B4 (en) * 2011-11-17 2015-02-26 Johnson Controls Gmbh Method for producing a structural component, device for carrying out the method

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US3627615A (en) * 1970-02-11 1971-12-14 Automation Ind Inc Machine for manufacturing ducting
US4344808A (en) * 1975-05-22 1982-08-17 Healey Jr Daniel P Method for manufacturing synthetic resin laminate tubing having a high bursting strength

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19954440A1 (en) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-07 Ktd Plasticon Kunststofftechni Production of cylindrical moldings for use as pipes or in tanks comprises bending flat plastic sheet to form tube of desired diameter then using laser to weld edges together
DE19954440C2 (en) * 1999-11-11 2003-05-22 Plasticon Germany Gmbh Process for producing a hollow body

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