DE3736676A1 - Method for meeting the demand for electricity and heat of dwelling houses and small enterprises - Google Patents

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

The invention relates to a method for covering the needs of heat and the electrical energy of houses and small businesses from one energy source (remote gas, liquefied petroleum gas, heating oil) from one of an internal combustion engine driven heat pump (WP) and a generator, which are connected so that the heat pump process is improved with a generator on the motor shaft runs and the excess energy is buffered in storage, and then this System consumers meter the domestic consumers or, exceptionally, that public network.

Heat pumps are known from the literature *) which are used by internal combustion engines to be driven. However, these WP's only cover higher performance ranges. The The area of single-family houses and small businesses is therefore the "small consumer" not yet covered. This is probably also due to the fact that tried and tested internal combustion engines are only available for certain minimum services.

Furthermore, one can read in the literature *) that energy storage systems in the application in question, if at all, only in the heating area in the on sentence are.

For the electrical sector one helps one another by the fact that large consumers have theirs Demand for both energies with customized systems via the thermal power head pelung cover, or that the electrical network used as "storage" becomes.

Through the use of several energies, however, the An must final and the maintenance costs of these energies are applied. The lead Costs will also arise from short incidents that occur during the main heating period Dimensioned peaks.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method that this parts come to an end.

The object is achieved in that the circuit by Heat pump components heat the internal combustion engine to the heating circuit be carried out by using electrical energy on the motor shaft running generator is generated, heat and electrical energy in storage are buffered and these energies are dosed by the system controller at home Provided to consumers or, in exceptional cases, the public electrical Network.

The invention makes various components known hitherto as individual components Process combined with new ideas and thereby a considerable reduction of the total energy costs for homes and small businesses.

The core of the invention is the power generation superimposed on the heat pump process with their energy storage. This will provide the required performance of the Internal combustion engine raised so that they re from proven series products can be recruited. The electrical energy storage system is also becoming part of a series brands compiled; because only relatively small capacities are required.

As already mentioned, power generation increases the engine output and thereby increases the amount of waste heat for the heating water. The normal one Loss heat generated by electricity generation is directly and practically ver fed to the heating / heating system without desire.

Through the use of programmable system controllers, the heat requirement is met smoothes and the need for electrical energy so adapted to the consumption that in both cases, only minimal capacities have to be kept available. Still ver permanent peaks are covered from the stores.

Due to the constructive design of the roof of the house (double-skin, strongly above standing roof, choice of roof skin) is the heat of vaporization for the heat pump largely from the heat loss from the house (roof, walls) and from the sun insolation on the roof. The heat loss from the house falls at the same time with the heat demand of the house. This makes part of the primary spent recovered energy.  

The multi-stage heat storage, which is designed as a stratified storage, enables the hot water to be heated in the high temperature zone and in the low temperature zone the operation of low temperature heating (feet floor, swimming pool).

The circuit of the coolers of the internal combustion engine has a particularly advantageous effect. Generator-compressor units. On the one hand, the engine exhaust gases from the cold heating water return cooled far below the condensation limit and thereby also the heat of vaporization of the engine exhaust gases is recovered; on the other hand is due to the oil and water coolers of the Combi unit the hot water emerging from the condenser of the heat pump reheated.

Another special feature of the invention is that the combination unit deliberately inter is operated in the middle to minimize fuel consumption. This works has a positive impact on the service life, provided that certain minimum terms are adhered to of the different building blocks.

Inevitable failures in their times are caused by a wear behavior of the component-oriented spare parts inventory minimized. Since almost all components are made It is to be expected that series products to be recruited that the downtime of the Energy center within the operating times possible through the storage If a module fails, the ones that are not urgently needed are already used Consumers switched off or staggered according to their value.  

Description of the invention with reference to the accompanying figure:

The compressor ( 2 ) driven by the internal combustion engine ( 1 ) compresses the gaseous cooling liquid, from which the heat in the condenser ( 7 ) is extracted by the heating water and which is condensed there. In the expansion element ( 8 ), the liquid is expanded and fed to the outside air heat exchanger ( 9 ) for energy absorption and evaporation. From there it flows back to the compressor ( 2 ). As far as the well-known heat pump process shown in dashed lines.

In the heating water circuit shown as a solid line, the heat layer memory ( 10 ) is installed, which has a hot water heating coil ( 10 a ). From there, the heating water is fed to the consumers ( 13 ) via the flow collector ( 11 ) and the heat system controller ( 12 ). The cooled water is returned to the process via the return collector ( 14 ). In the heating water circuit, the cooler ( 4 ) reduces the engine exhaust gas temperature (dash-dotted lines). After cleaning ( 3 ), the exhaust gases are discharged into the environment via this cooler. In the coolers for engine cooling water ( 5 ) and oil ( 6 ) of the heat pump electricity agreement, their heat is transferred to the heating water.

On the electrical side of the method, the energy generated in the generator ( 15 ) is offered to the consumers ( 17 ), the electrical store ( 18 ) or the public network ( 19 ) either via the electrical system controller ( 16 ).

( 1 a) = fuel control system

Claims (9)

1. A method for covering the need for heat and electrical energy from houses and small businesses from an energy source (remote gas, liquefied petroleum gas, heating oil) by a heat pump driven by an internal combustion engine and a generator, characterized in that by the circuit of the heat pump components of the WP -Process improved, a generator runs on the motor shaft and the excess energies are buffered in memories, and these are then metered via system controllers to domestic consumers or exceptionally supplied to the public grid. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation heat the WP mainly from the heat loss from the house and the sunshine radiation is covered on the roof. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat storage cher is built in several stages and thereby both the heat for the hot water as well as the heat for the low temperature heaters is covered. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the An order of the unit cooler (oil, water) reheating the from the The condenser of the heating water escaping is done. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by the cold water flow the engine exhaust in the exhaust cooler far below the condensation point cooled.   6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine wave a generator is driven, the low-voltage electrical Useful energy generated. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the excess electrical energy is buffered in commercially available stores. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by system regulates both heat and electrical energy is controlled and thereby the operating times of the engine unit be minimized. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by one the spare parts supply the downtimes within the covered operating times.