DE3714858A1 - Gearing for small wind and water power plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention serves for more efficient acquisition and conversion of renewable forms of energy, such as wind and water power, into electricity, in particular for supplying independent supply districts (isolated operation) and for minimising plant costs. The gear train as designed in the invention divides the power path coming from the prime mover into two power paths for two separate supply systems: - a power path with automatic speed control for driving a small a.c. generator, for priority supply of a base-load system with clean, constant-frequency current; - and a power path for driving a larger generator without automatic speed control for converting the energy arising that exceeds the base demand, for example for heating, producing hydrogen electrolytically, or for other forms of storage. Apart from the advantage of low losses, and thus efficient energy conversion, when only small amounts of energy are available, the construction effort and costs of the supply path with automatic speed control can be kept modest, and the components for converting sporadically occurring excess amounts of energy can be constructed in a robust, inexpensive and reliable manner.

Description

Gearbox for transmitting and converting speed and Torque between engine and machine (s) for Small wind and water power plants to generate of electricity, especially to supply autar ker supply networks.

When using regenerative, "clean" energy like Wind and hydropower and their implementation in electri energy is particularly the efficiency of the detection and conversion, but also minimizing plant costs of special interest. They are also reliable unit and longevity of the system and its components an important selection criterion and crucial for the economics of such conceptions.

A striking peculiarity of such regenerative energies, especially wind energy, is their spor dic and very different appearance. In Fig. 1 and the description thereof, the resulting difficulties and problems are shown in more detail, which stand in the way of effective detection, use and implementation in electricity with simultaneous demand for operational safety, durability and economy, or in conventional system designs not or difficult to reconcile. This applies in particular to power plant facilities for self-sufficient, regional supply networks. With such supply networks in particular, the basic need for electricity should be covered even in weak or moderate winds. In the case of strong winds or low basic requirements for "clean" electrical energy (alternating current with constant frequency), on the other hand, conditions should be created for the utilization of all energy.

A certain problem, especially for self-sufficient (for supplies that are suitable for island operation Cost-benefit ratio of such systems. Because here especially beat the cost of accurate frequency regulations of the relatively small plants heavily. Furthermore, an optimal implementation of the winch requires known in (initially) mechanical energy a certain rotor speed ratio to Wind speed. Require efficient implementation therefore also a regulation or adaptation of the rotor blade speed or or and the angle of attack of the Rotor blades.

In principle, the drive technology offers variable transmission components in their gear ratio in order to maintain constant generator rotational frequencies. Such transmission paths must of course be designed for the maximum possible or occurring energy. With the very large power spectrum of the wind, this means that they are operated in most operating times with little wind (see curve 1 in FIG. 1) only at low partial load and thus with poor efficiency. Furthermore, this means disadvantageously that, based on the most common mode of operation, the systems have to be enormously oversized. In addition to the direct, associated investment costs, disadvantages also increase during assembly. A tight dimensioning or design of such variable gear components is ruled out due to the requirement of absolute operational reliability and durability.

"Burden regulations" have already been practiced rigid wind turbine gearbox generator designs. Here is aimed at through a load regulation Investment in a desired speed and thus to force a constant generator frequency. This is because of the relatively large sluggishness of the whole Rotating system, but also because of the (known) during one revolution different power changes (Pulsations) only possible within limits. Since doing that Wind speed-rotation speed ratio The efficiency of is completely disregarded Energy implementation of such wind power plant designs extremely bad.

Rigid wind turbine gearboxes are the most common be generator designs where the generator is virtually in synchronous operation through a strong, supra-regional national, public network at its operating speed is held. Of course, this is not possible at "island operation". It is also unaffected visible wind speed law the energy implementation in the widest range of operations extremely inefficient.

Essentially, current commercial ones are set Small power plants from separate components of the Drive technology, such as a bearing block for the runner, joint shafts, clutches, step gears and electrical Generator together, additionally an obligatory framework or mounting base with rotating or swiveling device. Such concepts are expensive, relative heavy and therefore also transport and especially assembly unfriendly, what for the most remote locations  is an important and disadvantageous criterion. This is in wind turbines because of their arrangement on towers particularly relevant.

Above criteria and considerations for an efficient collection and use of clean, brisk of energies using wind power plants become clear, essentially also apply to Hydropower plants.

The generally simple design of hydropower machines nen, especially the water supply systems, which at Small plants mostly from open flowing waters or dams exist, allows a spread tter use in development areas.

In contrast to larger and larger hydropower plants with largely constant heads, where precise rotation payment regulations are common for small systems Share of investment volume for speed detection and control devices in relation to the others Costs are also relatively large.

Varying flow rates or below different heights also require this energy use to keep the generator speed constant and Optimization of the hydropower flow rate special measures and on directions.

The present invention has the object and the aim based on drive concepts for wind and water To create small power plants that

• - on the one hand, a particularly efficient energy loot and providing "cleaner" electrical  Energy in the lower wind or water flow speed range allows, on the other hand also a lot of energy in the upper flow can record and implement speed range;
• - From the conception and the selection of components Operational safety and longevity guaranteed;
• - enables self-sufficient operational and supply tasks;
• - Light weight and inexpensive construction has solutions.

The solution is in the individual in the patent claims and embodiments described Design and combination features. In essence lichen they are characterized by the fact that

• a) the power path coming from the engine is divided into two performance paths, one of which preferably to cover a basic need for "saube "Electricity via a continuously variable transmission a generator with a largely constant speed drives and the second power path from one rigid transmission gears and another gene rator exists, which prefers the basic needs accumulating in "clean" energy Wind or water energy in alternation or alternation current of any frequency for subordinate, z. B. for heating purposes or for electrolytic water fabric extraction, implements; or otherwise in Converts heat,
• b) the power path coming from the engine through a superposition gear in two power paths with one work machine each. (Generator) opened is shared, interpreting the overlay Gear is such that a basic need covering first generator already at standstill or low speed of the second in the lowest  Engine speed range already takes up the full nominal speed and with increasing Engine speed with the same nominal speed of the first generator the second generator an increasing speed and increasing performance share assumes or transfers.

The benefits and advantages are essentially in that

• - the basic need with "cleaner" electrical Power supply path with one speed regulated gearbox relatively small and therefore cost can be minimized, furthermore the Ver luste remain low in this performance path, wuh sporadically occurring large amounts of energy the second power path with simple transmission elements can be managed and implemented. This minimizes the investment costs, as well as operational safety and durability influenced;
• - the infinitely variable transmission device. consists of a robust, coaxial planetary superposition gear, which is favorable for the application, in conjunction with low-maintenance electrical or hydraulic machines, which manage both the speed control of one generator and the detection of all wind or water energy and its conversion into electricity;
  this drive, power and work machine design enables low investment costs and a low construction weight as well as efficient and low-loss energy acquisition and implementation.

The descriptions contain further design-specific advantages.

Embodiments

Fig. 1 wind speed-dependent diagram representation of a representative, relative wind frequency distribution, a Windkraftmaschinenleistungsverlau fes and the power distribution with power branching according to claim 1 and 2.

Fig. 2 Schematic representation of a small wind or water power plant with a branching gear arranged between the engine and the machine (s) with a variable and a fixed output path, each with a separate electric generator.

Fig. 3 Schematic representation of a small wind or water power plant with a superposition gear between the engine and two machines (electrical generators).

Fig. 4 Schematic embodiment of a wind turbine according to Fig. 2 with inte grated in a uniform housing components and components arranged thereon power and work machines.

Fig. 5 Schematic extended embodiment of a Windkraftan position of FIG. 3 or in claim 2.

Fig. 6 Schematic embodiment of a small water power plant with an Ossberg water turbine and two working machines, one of which as electr. Generator and the other is designed as a hydraulic pump, with a superimposed gearbox arranged between them.

Description of the exemplary embodiments To Fig. 1

Curve 1 shows the relative wind speed share of a year, for example on a North Sea beach. Curve 2 is the performance characteristic of a wind power machine that reaches its nominal power at 10 m / sec wind speed at operating point 7 . The course illustrates the strong influence of wind speed on the power (P = f (v ³ ) of such engines and reveals a certain sparse range of services in the lower wind speed range. To ensure a certain basic requirement for the electrical energy to be obtained, which is represented by curve 5 in the present case wind power plants must therefore be designed to be relatively large. On the other hand, in order to prevent damaging overloads and destruction of the plant, precautions must be taken to limit the power, which increases progressively with the wind speed. This can be done, for example, by swiveling the rotor blades, whereby after reaching the nominal load operating point 7, the performance curve 2 changes into curve 3. Point 4 is the start of the operating range, point 8 the operating point at which the full target base load is only available and optimal wind energy acquisition and implementation is achieved.

Is z. B. to achieve constant generator speeds between the engine and driven machine, a continuously variable transmission, which must be designed at least for operating point 7 , and which assumes a load-independent, constant power loss share of 8%, these power losses in the lower operating range between operating points 4 and 8 approx. 100 to 30% of the total range of services available!

By dividing the engine power into two power paths acc. Fig. 2 or according to claim 1, wherein the speed unit. Gene. ( 13, 23 ) only the wind energy generated under curve 5 into "clean" electr. Energy conversion, and based on a loss portion of the continuously variable. ( 12, 39/31 ) of 10%, the power losses between operating points 4 and 8 are comparatively only approx. 35 to 10% of the range of services.

The above comparative power loss analysis only relates to the transmission element "stages loose gear "; the loss relations of the electric generators are similar, its losses come in addition! Those achievable with the idea of the invention Effectiveness increases especially in this regard relevant operating areas are therefore very large.

With power split according to Fig. 3 u. 5 or according to claim 2, he can achieve similar benefits. This is indeed from operating point 4 after reaching the lower operating speed of the "clean" generator ( 23, 104 ) already a portion of the power by the variable-speed generator ( 22, 105 ), whereby the base load point 9 is reached later. However, the loss of power loss is still considerable. The "clean" power component of the speed-controlled generator ( 22, 104 ) thus corresponds to the left-skewed area under curve 10 , the power share of the speed-unregulated generator 23 and 105 to the right-dashed area above it to curves 2-3 .

To Fig. 2

The engine 11 drives via a distributor gear 12, the electrical generators 13 and 14 . The output path 15 is kept at a constant speed by a continuously variable transmission component 16 . Output path 17 is in a fixed transmission ratio with the engine 14 . Between the engine 11 and transfer case 12 , a translation stage, not shown, can advantageously be arranged.

In addition to the above in the description of FIG. 1 share the power loss saving and creation of efficient energy implementation, the constructive and thus investment can be reduced. As a result of weight savings, the assembly costs and costs of the tower are reduced. By transferring the high power components via a rigid, unproblematic transmission path, operational safety and service life are also favorably influenced.

To Fig. 3

The engine 20 drives the electric generators 22 and 23 via a superposition and transfer gear 21 . The superposition and Ver divider gear 21 consists of a planetary gear, the web 24 with its planet gears 25 with the engine 20 , the outer sun gear 26 with generator 22 and the inner sun gear 27 with generator 23 is in communication. Generator 23 is kept at a constant speed by a load control for the separate supply circuit of the generator 22 and supplies a "clean" base load network. On the drive side of the transmission 21 , another further step-up step can also be arranged before geous.

In addition to the useful effects and advantages already described in FIG. 1, the coaxial arrangement of gears and generators offers an ideal shape and space, particularly for wind turbines, and a weight-saving design. The exclusive use of low-maintenance step gears and electrical machines also guarantees operational reliability and durability.

To Fig. 4

In a common gear housing 30 is the continuously variable transmission 31 , a planetary gear 32 , the bearing base 33 a and 33 b of the wind turbine shaft 34 , a holding brake 35 , the horizontal swivel bearing base 36 and flanged directly to it, the electrical generators 37 and 38 . The rotary motion initiated via shaft 34 is increased by gear 32 and passed to friction disk set 39 of the continuously variable transmission 31 formed as a conical friction disk belt transmission, the generator 37 or or and and via the friction disk set 41 and the constant via the rigid output path 40 with variable speed current (more applicable) output base 42 of the generator 38 , which supplies a "clean" basic supply circuit, drives on.

In addition to the benefits and advantages already shown in FIGS . 1 and 2, the present constructive arrangement of the individual components, in particular through their integration in a common housing, creates an ideal, easy-to-assemble, low-weight version for wind turbines.

To Fig. 5

The coaxially designed combination essentially consists of the wind turbine bearing housing 101 , a step gear 102 , the two electrical generators 104 and 105 with the transfer gear 103 arranged in between. The flow of power takes place via the hollow turbine shaft 106 , the web 107 fastened thereon of the multi-stage transmission 102 designed as a planetary gear, via the planet gears 108 , supporting the non-rotatable outer sun gear 109 to the inner sun gear 110 . Furthermore, the force path leads via the shaft 111 through the hollow rotor 112 of the generator 104 to the web 113 of the transfer case 103 designed as a planetary gear. Here, the drive power is distributed or directed via the planet gear 114 , the inner sun gear to the rotor 112 of the generator 104 , and via the outer sun gear 114 to the shaft 116 of the rotor 117 of the generator 105 . The rotor blades 119 are rotatably seated in the wind turbine wheel hub 118 with the adjustment linkage 120 , which is supported on a hydraulic piston 122 which is preloaded on one side by the springs 121 . The rotor blade formation and fulcrum arrangement and the counterforce adjustment are advantageously such that after exceeding a predetermined blade load with increasing wind speed, the rotor blades 119 swivel in to a steeper angle of attack and thus the rotor speed cannot increase significantly (see also curve 3 , FIG. 1). These movements are dampened in the displacement space 123 by the throttle point 124 . In the hollow turbine shaft 106 , the shaft 125 of a reference wind vane 126 seated in front of the engine is mounted, which detects the wind speed and transmits it for control and regulation purposes by means of speed sensors 127, 128 , as well as to drive the control and servo tasks hydraulic pump 129 and or or an electric machine 130 . The power and speed flow to these measuring and servo purposes working machines 129, 130 is advantageously also via a superposition gear, which greatly reduces their speeds in normal operation to reduce their losses, while at standstill, for. B. to supply the holding brake 132 by the hydraulic pump 129 and to ensure a control or emergency circuit, the electric machine 130 is further or even more activated. The limited performance of these working machines 130 and 131 in normal operation also favors the requirement that the wind wheel 126 serving as the "reference machine" take on speeds proportional to the wind speed. This superposition gear consists in the present schematic representation of the turbine runner fixed web 133 with the planet gears 134 and 135 , which are on the one hand with the re reference wind turbine fixed outer sun gear 136 and on the other hand with an outer planet gear 137 which is mounted on the turbine shaft 106 and another toothed ring 138 carries, which drives the machines 129 and 130 via the gears 139 and 140 .

Generator 104, with its constant speed, primarily feeds electricity into a consumer circuit 141 with frequency-bound consumers 142 . Variable speed generator 105 , the load of which is controlled to keep generator 104 constant, supplies electricity to supply circuit 143 with a large frequency spectrum, the consumers 144 of which preferably consist of heating devices 144 . For optimal or complete use of the flow energy offered, the excess, the basic requirement of the consumer circuit 141 exceeding electrical energy can be given to another consumer circuit 145 to be transmitted, the z. B. can also supply heaters 146 .

The speed of the engine 119 is adapted to the performance optimization of the prevailing flow rate of the energy-carrying flow medium, with microprocessor-controlled control of the respective maps of the engine. For this purpose, the controller 147 emits a load variable signal based on the input size ratios of the signal transmitters 127/128 , which acts on the power regulators 149 and 150 after further influencing. The principle of the rule is that, for. B. as the engine speed increases, more power is demanded of it and this forces it back to a lower speed level, likewise in the opposite sense. The curve 151 represents the maximum possible performance characteristic of the engine; Curve 152 is, for example, a programmed control characteristic curve, the abscissa 153 illustrates the setpoint and actual value relations of the speed ratio with area 154 as the desired operating area.

Controller 155 works in principle as a balance controller and processes control signals 148 and actual value 158 according to characteristics 156 and 157 and takes over the load control of generators 104 and 105 . As a further control philosophy, it is possible to use the balance controller only on its own, e.g. B. if the performance of the consumer circuit 141 alone determines the performance regulation of generator 105 . In this case, controller 147 is unnecessary or it can be used as a power limiter, circuit 141 being split up again into individual circles, from which loads are then switched off after the characteristic curve 151 has been exceeded in order to prevent the engine 119 from "stalling".

To Fig. 6

The engine 50 , e.g. B. an Ossbergwasser turbine with its impeller 51 , a vane ring 52 and a through-flow speed of the water detecting reverberator 53 , drives via the hollow shaft 54 , the gear 55 both via a speed-controlled continuously variable transmission 56, an electric generator 57 and one hydraulic work machine, e.g. B. a pump 58 . The electrical generator 57 preferably supplies an electrical supply network with frequency-controlled current, the generator size preferably being matched such that the basic requirement of the supply network 59 is covered by the drive energy that is usually available. The basic requirements of the generator 57 exceeding performance requirements are converted by the hydraulic pump 58 into pressure energy which, after relaxation in the valve 60, is supplied as heat in the flow in the primary circuit 61 to the heat exchanger 62 . Via its secondary circuit 63 heat consumers 64 can be supplied, for. B. for heating purposes or for process water treatment. A power control to maintain a predetermined speed ratio between engine speed and flow speed of the driving medium, which is used to optimize the engine performance, consists of a, this speed ratio sensing and servo device 65 , which acts on the pressure control element 60 via transmission elements 66 and 67 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the sensor and actuating device 65 consists of a mechanism 68, 69, 70, 71 which converts the differential speed into axial paths, the blade design of the impellers 51 and 53 of course being correspondingly coordinated with one another.

Alternatively, of course, other execution shapes are used, e.g. B. in the inflow channel orderly, mechanical, hydraulic or electri cal flow rate measuring devices with appropriate setting and control functions.

The main advantage of this multi-path force machine-gear-work machine combination is that

• - The components for speed control are relatively small and thus kept low-loss and inexpensive can be;
• - The working machines for the acquisition of energy peak or conversion into other energies relatively simple, robust systems exist;
• - The control device for performance optimization Speed control of the engine from simple, inexpensive and robust systems and compo nenten exists.

Claims (27)

1. Gearbox for transmitting and converting speed and torque between power and Arbeitsmaschi ne (s) for wind and water power plants for generating electricity, in particular for supplying self-sufficient supply networks, characterized in that the engine ( 11, 34 ) via a Transmission ( 12, 32, 31 ) with at least two working machines ( 13, 14 and 37, 38 ) is connected, this gear ( 12, 30 ) at least one stepless, variable in translation base ( 15, 31 ) and one rigid, or with the input ( 11, 34 ) in a fixed gear ratio output gear base ( 17, 44 ). 2. Transmission for transmitting and converting speed and torque between power and Arbeitsmaschi ne (n) for wind and small hydro power plants for generating electricity, in particular for supplying self-sufficient supply networks, characterized in that the engine ( 20, 119 ) via a Superposition gear ( 21, 103 ) with 2 outputs, each with a working machine ( 22, 23, 104, 105 ) is coupled, this superposition gear is so designed and laid out that the speed of one machine ( 23, 105 ) the speed of the other working machine ( 22, 104 ) influences or determines where in the lowest operating speed point ( 4 ) of the engine ( 20, 119 ) the largely constant nominal speed of a working machine ( 22, 104 ) reached when the other working machine ( 23, 105 ) stands still or is blocked, and that with increasing engine speed, the number of revolutions of this other machine ( 23, 105 ) also increases. 3. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuously variable transmission component ( 12, 31 ) consists of a conical pulley belt transmission. 4. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that a fixed gear ratio ( 32 ), a continuously variable transmission ( 12, 31 ), a wind or water power machine shaft or its storage ( 34, 33, 116 ) and a pivot bearing base ( 36, 158 ) and generator flanges ( 45, 46 ) are housed or arranged in or on a common housing ( 12, 30 ). 5. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the arranged at the transmission output work machines are electric generators ( 13, 14, 37, 38 ), wherein the variable speed power path an AC generator and the fixed power path generator ( 14, 37 ) preferably an alternating current - But can also be a direct current generator, the output of which is greater than that of the other alternating current generator ( 13, 38 ). 6. Transmission according to claim 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that the engine-transmission-generator combination are assigned to two basic consumer groups:

• a) a current consumer circuit with a largely constant frequency (with consumers who require "clean" electricity), the supply being provided by the speed-controlled generator ( 13, 28, 22, 104 ), this consumer basic circuit continues in further Sub-circles is divided;
• b) an electricity consumer circuit for the utilization possibility of low-frequency electricity for heating purposes or for the electrolytic generation of hydrogen.

7. Gearbox according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that in the common housing ( 12, 21, 30 ) a flywheel coupled to the engine is arranged, which preferably with a "fast" gearbox with the engine is connected. 8. Transmission according to claim 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that in the common housing ( 30, 102 ) a holding brake ( 35, 132 ) coupled to the engine power path is arranged. 9. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuously variable conical pulley belt transmission ( 12, 31, 39 ) has a self-regulating speed control, for. B. a known, centrifugal governor-controlled hydraulic transmission adjustment. 10. Transmission according to claim 1, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the engine-transmission-generator combination is associated with an electrical power, regulating and control device ( 147, 155, 149, 150 ) which has the following functional features:

• - When the power range of the engine ( 119 ) is low, subcircuits of the basic supply circuit ( 141 ) are primarily supplied, with additional and regulated power being adjusted so that the engine ( 119 ) is operated in a range ( 154 ) that is optimal for performance,
• - If the power range of the engine exceeds the power requirement of the primary circuit ( 141 ), supply circuit ( 145 ) is supplied intensively and its consumer power is regulated in such a way that the engine is also operated in a performance-optimal speed range.

11. A transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that the working machines ( 22, 23, 104, 105 ) are electric generators, the generator to be kept at a constant speed being an alternating current generator ( 22, 104 ) and these generators ( 22, 23, 104, 105 ) and the superposition gear ( 21, 107 ) are coaxially assigned to each other. 12. Transmission according to claim 2 and 11, characterized in that a generator ( 22, 104 ) has a hollow shaft through which a common drive shaft or that of the other generator is guided. 13. Transmission according to claim 2 and 11, characterized records that the superposition gear-generator combination one fast from the engine side gear ratio gear is assigned or the superposition gear with this functional property is equipped. 14. Transmission according to claim 2 and 11, characterized records that the gear-generator combination as coaxial Installation unit in a drum-shaped housing is arranged. 15. Transmission according to claim 2, 11 and 14, characterized characterized in that the coaxial, drum-shaped built-in gear Generator unit inside a Servenius rotor a small wind turbine is arranged. 16. Transmission according to claim 2, 11 and 14, characterized ge indicates that the coaxial, drum-shaped built-in gear Generator unit floating inside a Water wheels of a small hydropower plant is arranged. 17. Transmission according to claim 2 and 11, characterized records that the coaxial gear-generator combination in the Storage base of a tubular turbine of a small water Power plant is arranged.   18. Transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that a holding brake is additionally arranged in the power path of the variable-speed generator ( 23, 105 ). 19. Transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmission-generator combination is arranged in a common housing ( 102 ), which also carries the bearing base of a wind or hydropower machine rotor or rotor ( Fig. 5). 20. Transmission according to claim 2 and 19, characterized in that a holding brake acting on the engine ( 132 ) is arranged in the common housing. 21. Transmission according to claim 2 and 19, characterized records that in the common housing one via a translation gearbox momentum associated with the engine mass is arranged. 22. Transmission according to claim 2 and 19, characterized in that the housing has a vertical pivot or pivot base ( 158 ), preferably when used as a wind turbine. 23. Transmission according to claim 2, 6 and 11, characterized in that the transmission-generator combination is assigned a power, regulating and control device ( 147, 155 ) which has the following functional features:

• - The load of the variable-speed generator ( 23, 105 ) metered and the largely constant to operate generator ( 22, 104 ) adapts that it is operated in its nominal speed range;
• - The total load is controlled so that a performance-optimal predetermined operating speed of the engine ( 20, 119 ) is made possible, or with pure load control of the engine speed one of the flow speed of the working medium is optimally adjusted, predetermined speed-speed ratio is imposed;
• - Wherein to maintain the load equilibrium weight in the superposition gear ( 21, 107 ) power components of the constantly operated generator ( 22, 104 ) in the secondary supply circuit ( 145 ) are controlled ge.

24. Transmission according to claim 1 and 2, characterized ge indicates that a work machine a hydraulic work machine, preferably a hydraulic pump. 25. Transmission according to claim 1, 2 and 24, characterized characterized in that Facilities are arranged most of the hydraulic Working machine generated heat Feed the exchanger or storage. 26. Transmission according to claim 1, 2 and 24, characterized ge indicates that  Flow of the hydraulic pump through a heat exchanger is passed. 27. Transmission according to claim 1, 2 and 24, characterized ge indicates that a pressure regulator in the delivery circuit of the hydraulic pump is arranged.