DE3702306A1 - Process for separating off heavy metals from the exhaust gases of furnaces - Google Patents
Process for separating off heavy metals from the exhaust gases of furnacesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3702306A1 DE3702306A1 DE19873702306 DE3702306A DE3702306A1 DE 3702306 A1 DE3702306 A1 DE 3702306A1 DE 19873702306 DE19873702306 DE 19873702306 DE 3702306 A DE3702306 A DE 3702306A DE 3702306 A1 DE3702306 A1 DE 3702306A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- trimercapto
- triazine
- heavy metals
- exhaust gases
- heavy metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Schwermetallen, insbesondere von Quecksilber, aus den Abgasen von Feuerungsan lagen.The present invention relates to a method for the separation of heavy metals, in particular of mercury, from the exhaust gases from firing systems were.
Bei der Verbrennung von Abfällen, aber auch von fossilen Brennstoffen, werden - bedingt durch die hohen Feuerungstemperaturen - in den Brennstoffen enthaltene Schwermetalle verflüchtigt und gelangen in den Abgasstrom.When burning waste, but also from fossil fuels are - due to the high firing temperatures - in the fuels contained heavy metals evaporates and get in the exhaust stream.
Dies betrifft insbesondere das leicht flüchtige Quecksilber. So ist es bei Müllverbrennungsan lagen bekannt, daß im ungereinigten Abgasstrom 0,5 bis 1,5 mg/m3 emittiert werden.This applies particularly to the volatile mercury. So it is known for waste incineration plants that 0.5 to 1.5 mg / m 3 are emitted in the unpurified exhaust gas stream.
Auch die Abgase von Kohlekraftwerken enthalten Quecksilber.Also contain the emissions from coal-fired power plants Mercury.
Die zum Stand der Technik zählenden Abgas reinigungsanlagen reduzieren den Quecksilberge halt der Abgase in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß. Bei den trockenen und quasitrockenen Abgasreinigungs anlagen, die etwa bei 200°C unter Zugabe von Calciumhydroxid arbeiten, wird die Quecksilber konzentration des Abgases zwar vermindert, doch liegen die bisher bekannt gewordenen Konzentratio nen nach wie vor bei 0,2 bis 0,5 mg/m3. Da im all gemeinen von einem Grenzwert von 0,2 mg/m3 für die Verbindungen der Klasse I nach TALuft ausgegangen wird, bestehen gegen derartige Konzentrationen er hebliche Vorbehalte bei Behörden und in der Öffent lichkeit.The state-of-the-art exhaust gas purification systems reduce the amount of mercury in the exhaust gases to different extents. The mercury concentration of the exhaust gas is reduced in the dry and quasi-dry exhaust gas purification systems, which work at about 200 ° C with the addition of calcium hydroxide, but the previously known concentrations are still 0.2 to 0.5 mg / m 3 . Since a limit value of 0.2 mg / m 3 is generally assumed for the class I compounds according to TALuft, there are considerable reservations about such concentrations from authorities and the general public.
In den Abgasen nach nassen Abgasreinigungsanlagen werden deutlich niedere Quecksilberkonzentrationen gemessen. Sie betragen im allgemeinen 0,05-0,1 mg/m3. Allerdings wird in diesem Fall die Problema tik von der Luft in das Wasser verlagert. Es ist erforderlich, die Abwässer mit speziellen Queck silber-Fällungsmittel zu versehen, um den Ein leitungsbedingungen der Wasserbehörden Genüge zu leisten.Significantly lower mercury concentrations are measured in the exhaust gases after wet emission control systems. They are generally 0.05-0.1 mg / m 3 . In this case, however, the problem is shifted from the air to the water. It is necessary to add special mercury precipitants to the wastewater in order to meet the discharge requirements of the water authorities.
Bei Abgasreinigungsanlagen, die nicht auf nasser Basis arbeiten, besteht deshalb das Problem, daß in zu hohem Maße Quecksilber emittiert wird. Nach den bisherigen Untersuchungen handelt es sich da bei um 2-wertiges Quecksilber und nur im geringen Maße um elementares Quecksilber. For emission control systems that are not wet Therefore, there is the problem that mercury is emitted to a high degree. To The previous investigations are concerned with this at around 2-valued mercury and only in low Dimensions around elemental mercury.
Eine Lösung dieses Problems besteht nun darin, daß man dem Abgas schwermetallbindende Substanzen zu setzt und die gebildeten Schwermetallverbindungen an den immer vorhandenen Staubabscheidevorrich tungen abscheidet.One solution to this problem is that heavy metal binding substances are added to the exhaust gas sets and the heavy metal compounds formed to the dust collector that is always present deposits.
Als schwermetallbindende Substanz wird bevorzugt Trimercapto-s-triazin (TMT) eingesetzt. TMT bildet mit verschiedenen Schwermetallen, bevorzugt mit Quecksilber, aber auch mit Cadmium und Nickel, schwerlösliche, hochvernetzte Verbindungen. Diese sind gekennzeichnet durch einen niederen Dampf druck. Weiterhin sind diese Verbindungen aus Queck silber und TMT auch bis Temperaturen von 210°C be ständig. Oberhalb von 210°C wird jedoch nicht Quecksilber freigesetzt, sondern es entstehen andere stabile Verbindungen.As a heavy metal binding substance is preferred Trimercapto-s-triazine (TMT) used. TMT forms with different heavy metals, preferably with Mercury, but also with cadmium and nickel, poorly soluble, highly cross-linked connections. These are characterized by a low vapor print. Furthermore, these compounds are made of mercury silver and TMT also up to temperatures of 210 ° C constantly. Above 210 ° C, however, will not Mercury is released, but it is created other stable connections.
Die hochvernetzten, schwerflüchtigen Verbindungen aus TMT und den Schwermetallen, insbesondere Quecksilber, können zusammen mit den anderen Reaktionsprodukten der trockenen und quasitrockenen Abgasreinigung an Staubvorrichtungen abgeschieden werden. Diese Staubabscheidevorrichtungen sind im allgemeinen Gewebefilter und Elektrofilter. The highly networked, low volatility compounds from TMT and the heavy metals, in particular Mercury, along with the others Reaction products of the dry and quasi dry Exhaust gas cleaning separated on dust devices will. These dust separators are in the general fabric filters and electrostatic filters.
Die Schwerlöslichkeit der Verbindungen aus TMT und den Schwermetallen führt dazu, daß sie bei Ab lagerung auf Deponien nicht mehr ausgewaschen werden können.The poor solubility of the compounds from TMT and the heavy metals causes them to ab storage in landfills can no longer be washed out can.
Zweckmäßigerweise wird TMT als Pulver oder gelöst in Wasser eingesetzt. Die bevorzugte Methode be steht darin, das Natriumsalz von Trimercapto-s- triazin, das leicht wasserlöslich ist, einzu setzen. Als wäßrige Lösung kann es dann ent weder für sich allein an beliebigen Stellen im Abgasstrom oder zusammen mit Calciumhydroxid in den Abgasstrom eingeblasen werden.Advantageously, TMT is in the form of a powder or dissolved used in water. The preferred method be is the sodium salt of trimercapto-s- triazine, which is easily water-soluble put. It can then be ent as an aqueous solution neither for yourself anywhere in the Exhaust gas stream or together with calcium hydroxide in be blown in the exhaust gas flow.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden zweckmäßigerweise derartige Mengen an Trimercapto- s-triazin angewandt, daß das stöchiometrische Ver hältnis TMT zu Quecksilber 0,3 bis 10 beträgt. Sind noch andere Schwermetalle, z. B. Cadmium, mit abzuscheiden, dann ist von der Gesamtmolmenge der abzuscheidenden Schwermetalle auszugehen. According to the inventive method expediently such amounts of trimercapto- s-triazine applied that the stoichiometric Ver ratio TMT to mercury is 0.3 to 10. Are there other heavy metals, e.g. B. cadmium with to separate, then the total molar quantity is the heavy metals to be deposited.
Nach diesem Verfahren lassen sich flüchtige Schwer metalle, insbesondere jedoch Quecksilber, aus den Abgasströmen von Müllverbrennungsanlagen, Sonder müllverbrennungsanlagen, Klärschlammverbrennungs anlagen, Abfallverbrennungsanlagen im allgemeinen Sinne, Kohlekraftwerken und Braunkohlekraftwerken abscheiden.Using this procedure, volatile heavy can be metals, but especially mercury, from the Exhaust gas flows from waste incineration plants, special waste incineration plants, sewage sludge incineration plants, waste incineration plants in general Senses, coal-fired power plants and lignite-fired power plants separate.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873702306 DE3702306A1 (en) | 1987-01-27 | 1987-01-27 | Process for separating off heavy metals from the exhaust gases of furnaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873702306 DE3702306A1 (en) | 1987-01-27 | 1987-01-27 | Process for separating off heavy metals from the exhaust gases of furnaces |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3702306A1 true DE3702306A1 (en) | 1988-08-04 |
Family
ID=6319605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873702306 Withdrawn DE3702306A1 (en) | 1987-01-27 | 1987-01-27 | Process for separating off heavy metals from the exhaust gases of furnaces |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3702306A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989011329A1 (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1989-11-30 | Roland Fichtel | Agent and process for cleaning gases and exhaust gases and process for producing said agent |
DE3935904A1 (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-03 | Ftu Gmbh | Modified calcium hydroxide powder for heavy metal removal from gas |
EP0367148A1 (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-09 | FTU GmbH Forschung und technische Entwicklung im Umweltschutz | Agents and method for purifying gases and waste gases from heavy metals, and method of producing these agents |
WO1990011817A1 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-18 | ABB Fläkt AB | Method for cleaning flue gas formed on refuse incineration |
DE8816866U1 (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1991-02-28 | FTU GmbH, 82319 Starnberg | Finely powdered calcium hydroxide for gas and exhaust gas purification |
US5209912A (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 1993-05-11 | Ftu Gmbh | Process for separating out noxious substances from gases and exhaust gases |
DE4324796A1 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-01-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Process for the treatment of residues in waste incineration plants |
US5569436A (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1996-10-29 | Beco Engineering Company | Removal of mercury and cadmium and their compounds from incinerator flue gases |
US5607654A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1997-03-04 | Beco Engineering Company | Method for minimizing environmental release of toxic compounds in the incineration of wastes |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3193987A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-07-13 | Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Co | Mercury vapor removal |
DE1544130B1 (en) * | 1963-01-28 | 1970-10-15 | Sincat Societa Ind Catanese S | Process for purifying gases contaminated by mercury |
DE2105515A1 (en) * | 1970-02-05 | 1971-09-30 | Osaka Soda Co. Ltd., Osaka-(Japan) | Process for removing metals and means therefor |
US3919389A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1975-11-11 | Inst De Cercetari I Proiectari | Method of purifying air containing mercury vapor |
DE2948305A1 (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-04 | Deutsche Kommunal-Anlagen Miete GmbH, 8000 München | Removing mercury vapour from hot waste gases - by finely divided metal which forms amalgam |
-
1987
- 1987-01-27 DE DE19873702306 patent/DE3702306A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3193987A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-07-13 | Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Co | Mercury vapor removal |
DE1544130B1 (en) * | 1963-01-28 | 1970-10-15 | Sincat Societa Ind Catanese S | Process for purifying gases contaminated by mercury |
DE2105515A1 (en) * | 1970-02-05 | 1971-09-30 | Osaka Soda Co. Ltd., Osaka-(Japan) | Process for removing metals and means therefor |
FR2080451A5 (en) * | 1970-02-05 | 1971-11-12 | Osaka Soda Co Ltd | |
US3919389A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1975-11-11 | Inst De Cercetari I Proiectari | Method of purifying air containing mercury vapor |
DE2948305A1 (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-04 | Deutsche Kommunal-Anlagen Miete GmbH, 8000 München | Removing mercury vapour from hot waste gases - by finely divided metal which forms amalgam |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DE-Z: Müll und Abfall, 6, 1986, S. 226 bis 229 * |
DE-Z: VGB Kraftwerktechnik, 64, S. 230 bis 235, 1984 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE8816866U1 (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1991-02-28 | FTU GmbH, 82319 Starnberg | Finely powdered calcium hydroxide for gas and exhaust gas purification |
WO1989011329A1 (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1989-11-30 | Roland Fichtel | Agent and process for cleaning gases and exhaust gases and process for producing said agent |
DE3935904A1 (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-03 | Ftu Gmbh | Modified calcium hydroxide powder for heavy metal removal from gas |
EP0367148A1 (en) * | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-09 | FTU GmbH Forschung und technische Entwicklung im Umweltschutz | Agents and method for purifying gases and waste gases from heavy metals, and method of producing these agents |
WO1990011817A1 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-18 | ABB Fläkt AB | Method for cleaning flue gas formed on refuse incineration |
US5209912A (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 1993-05-11 | Ftu Gmbh | Process for separating out noxious substances from gases and exhaust gases |
US5607654A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1997-03-04 | Beco Engineering Company | Method for minimizing environmental release of toxic compounds in the incineration of wastes |
US5569436A (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1996-10-29 | Beco Engineering Company | Removal of mercury and cadmium and their compounds from incinerator flue gases |
US5695726A (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1997-12-09 | Beco Engineering Company | Removal of mercury and cadmium and their compounds from incinerator flue gases |
DE4324796A1 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-01-26 | Abb Research Ltd | Process for the treatment of residues in waste incineration plants |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |