DE3635339C2 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a washable sub location for beds with the characteristics of the generic term of claim 1.

To prevent mattresses and soiling and To prevent sheets, it is known Use documents between human Body and the mattress or sheet are placed.

Such document, as for example from the DE-OS 24 20 946 and DE-AS 11 63 491 are known for example in small children or in hospitals used very often.

Here are the known documents as composites trained and have a moisture-proof lower Location that allows moisture to penetrate into the mattress or to prevent the sheets, as well as one connected top layer that is in contact with the human body. Between the bottom and the top layer is an intermediate layer  arranged, which absorbs the released moisture and saves.

A document with the characteristics of the generic term of Claim 1 is known from AT-PS 2 31 101. The known document has the previous one reproduced structure, the upper layer of a absorbent, hydrophilic natural fiber structures.

The known documents have the disadvantage that that they are not washable, but after a one-off Discarded use. Will this documentation also through urine separation, stool or weeping wounds moist, so it is a quick replacement required to prevent bedsores (pressure ulcers). This is due to the fact that the hydrophilic top layer itself with the released moisture soaked, so that the user on a soaked top layer.

The present invention is based on the object a document of the specified type is available places that are particularly easy to wash and at in a particularly suitable manner when moist Bed sores of the user is prevented.

This object is achieved by a document with the characterizing features of the claim 1 solved.

According to the invention, a document is thus claimed, in which the intermediate layer is punctiform and / or linear  with the top layer and punctiform, linear and / or is connected flat to the lower layer. This ensures that on the one hand a very good one Contact between the top layer and the liner exists so that the moisture released by the user is immediately discharged and on the other hand in particular undesirable slipping when washing the pad the intermediate layer and thus a destruction of the underlay can no longer occur. Furthermore, the top layer d. H. the location of the document, which is in the direct There is bilateral contact with the patient forms, d. H. on its outer side it shows Flat structures made of synthetic fibers or yarns and on their inner side facing the intermediate layer hydro phile fibers or yarns. Through this two-sided Training is achieved in use very much heavily polluting outer side very easily again can be washed as they are made from appropriate synthesis fibers exists.  

Also at an extremely high moisture release by the human body the top of the pad is not wet, as the moisture from the top does not or is adsorbed. Rather, the one delivered Moisture directly into the Zwi by gravity transported location, in addition to this suction or capillary forces due to the good moisture keitsad- or absorption properties of the intermediate location, speed up this process. There the top layer and the intermediate layer selectively and / or connected in a line, below does not break a continuous connection layer, such as Example an adhesive layer, the desired moisture Activity transport from the top of the top layer to Liner. In addition, arise from the punk current and especially through the linear connection Formation of the two layers of individual segments, so that an un flat position of the pad due to one-sided Ver slip or shift the liner relative to the top layer is avoided. One of the also promotes like connection of the upper layer with the intermediate layer the washability of the pad, as a result of which the through flow of the pad is not affected during washing is and at the same time a water bag formation in the Skidding is avoided. Likewise occurs with the inventor Document according to the invention even with relatively large Differences in shrinkage between the individual layers (upper layer, intermediate layer or intermediate layers, lower one Location) no bouldering after washing on what is going on is traced back that at a point or lines shaped connection of the location this still relatively good ge are mutually displaceable. This also happens if the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers over the entire area are connected to the bottom layer because the bottom layer  stabilized the dimension of the liner so that the liner does not shrink during washing occurs.

In addition to the connection described above the top layer, the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers and the lower layer on the edge of the Documents must be firmly connected. This can happen with for example by gluing, welding, sewing, Velcro or the like. Such an embodiment is particularly useful for relatively small documents for example for toddler beds, cradles, children's wa gen or the like can be used.

In another embodiment of the invention The lower and the intermediate layer are flat connected with each other. This will in particular ge suitable form, the dimension of the intermediate layer, in particular which also stabilizes during washing, as a rule the bottom layer, which is for example a  coated fabric or around a coated mesh goods, is relatively dimensionally stable.

Particularly good properties with regard to the couch bed forts, moisture transport and behavior when washing or maintaining the documents according to the invention are achieved by that the upper layer is formed as a textile fabric. The textile fabric can be made from a web or knitwear with different binding or Le or nonwoven fabrics, such as nonwovens, Felting or similar exist. Such fabrics include ten, as already described above, in the area of their top, which when used human body facing synthetic fibers to so ensure that the user-supplied Moisture through the top of the top layer to the Bottom of the top layer or the intermediate layer or Intermediate layers is removed without losing the moisture activity is ad- or absorbed by the synthetic fibers. As synthetic fibers or yarns, for example Polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyalkylfa star or yarns used, polyamide 6, poly amid 6.6 and polypropylene fibers or yarns results regarding the desired humidity transportes and not absorbing moisture exhibit. Are textured fibers or yarns the front fiber classes used standing, so increases egg ne such measure because of the increase in volume mens not only comfort, but at the same time there is still an improvement in moisture transport one. This gives a similarly good result achieve that the area of the top of the upper La ge facing the human body when in use is roughened by the known finishing processes or sanding. Equivalent to this see if by varying the binding or laying the  Area of the top correspondingly voluminous and construction is designed in a stylish manner, for example for ge wove or knitted terry goods, satin fabrics, Ve lours or similar applies.

Excellent results can be obtained with an upper Achieve location as a double-sided fabric or as double-sided knitted fabric (double face) is formed. Here is the area of the top of the top Location, which when used the human body is from one of the syn thesis fibers or yarns, while the inward to Intermediate area of the upper layer hydrophilic le fibers or yarns, such as cotton or viscose. Such, from a two sided fabric or a double-sided knitwear be standing top layer has the advantage that it too with extremely high moisture supply in the area of their The top always remains dry, as the hydrophilic Fa water or the hydrophilic yarn of the inside Area of the top layer moisture very quickly because of the hydrophilicity from the hydrophobic tops area is suctioned off and adsorbent intermediate layer or the intermediate layers forwards. Will also be the area of the upper egg te the top layer roughened or sanded, or who the textured synthetic fibers or yarns for this set, documents are created that suck well capable, always dry, soft and voluminous pad own space, which is an excellent lie comfortable and with an excellent surface troc even with high levels of moisture presses, so that even in long-term use bedsores of the user does not occur.  

Similar positive results can be obtained with an Un achieve top layer, the top layer of which is made of a velor stands, the pile layer of synthetic fibers and the Base fabric is made of natural fibers. In particular ge long as the pole layer polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6 and polypropylene fibers for use since such Pole layer has a good recovery capacity, so that the pimples even after a longer pressure load erect again very quickly.

Usually there is in the sub according to the invention lay the liner from a pile of synthesis fibers, this being, for example, poly amide, polyalkyl, polyester or polyacrylonitrilefa is acting. Due to the relatively large intermediate spaces between the individual fibers and the relative large volume of the intermediate layer is capable of this one to absorb or absorb a relatively large amount of moisture. The thickness of an intermediate layer can, depending on the intended purpose, d. H. from the to be recorded Amount of moisture, between about 1 mm and about 15 mm, preferably between about 3 mm and about 8 mm, vari ieren. It is preferably the pile around a fleece, especially a needle felt or needle flowing. If several such intermediate layers are used det, it is recommended to do this in the sub able to arrange that ge over the thickness of the base see the top liners that are in neighbor Shaft to the top layer, relatively small fiber have gaps while the lower gaps In comparison, there were much larger fibers show rooms. This ensures that the upper intermediate layers the moisture relatively quickly suction from the upper layer, while the lower two layers used to store moisture  will. Of course, it is also possible to provide different capillary-active intermediate layers, such a modification of the capillary activity either by the titer of the fibers, the fiber substrate or the density of the pile is variable. Preferential wise several intermediate layers are punctual or left kidney-shaped, for example by gluing, welding eat, sew or the like, connected.

The lower layer of the pad according to the invention consists usually from a liquid-tight coated Woven or a corresponding knitted fabric, being here for the usual coatings, such as sol based on polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates, poly urethanes, polytetrafluoroethylene or the like, are used will. Particularly good results regarding the bed Comfort can be achieved with the well-known micropores achieve layers, which are permeable to Moisture in the vapor state and impermeable sig for moisture in the liquid state. Yourself understandable, however, instead of the above also referred to coated fabrics or knitted fabrics Films of the plastics listed above are used without the properties of the invented according to trained document significantly change be changed.

Another embodiment of the Un invention terlage provides that the top layer, the intermediate layer or the intermediate layers and the lower layer releasably with are connected. This can happen, for example by achieving that the layers on their edge and / or additionally punctually and / or linearly over Velcro straps are connected to each other, so that Wash the top layer and the liner respectively  Intermediate layers and the lower layer slightly apart separated and therefore washed differently and possibly can be sterilized. Such an execution form is particularly suitable for hospitals, because irreversibly ver dirty layers can be replaced inexpensively nen. They also have the advantage that, for example wise the top layer that is in contact with the user can be sterilized in addition to the laundry, while the intermediate layer or intermediate layers and the un tere layer can only be washed disinfectant.

In a further embodiment of the sub-invention location is designed such that between the Liner and the bottom layer one with a fluid Fillable flat chamber is arranged that is full constantly or partially over the area of the lower La ge extends. This gives you a padded Un support, through which the body of the Be can be heated or cooled by the user. By Va riation of the fluid pressure and the amount of fluid is the The hardness of the base can be varied, such Document for example in pressure ulcer patients or for burn injuries and for the transport of Severely injured can be used. Here serve as Fluid for example gases, such as B. air, or heating or cooling liquids, such as. B. water, polyethylene glycols or the like is in such an embodiment additionally the chamber into individual subchambers divided, so selected areas of the the body supported or warmed up or cooled down the, which not only increases lying comfort, but also also supports medical therapy at the same time can be. Such a sub is advantageously was designed so that the chamber can be easily removed  bar so that it can be washed from the underlay is removed. For example, he can do this be enough that the layers over Velcro or zippers connected at the edge are.

Advantageous further developments of the invention The basis are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is based on execution examples in connection with the drawing tert. It shows

Fig. 1 shows a schematic partial section of an embodiment; and

Fig. 2 shows a schematic partial section of a further embodiment.

An embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the base designated with a total of 10 has an upper layer 11 , four intermediate layers 12-15 and a lower layer 16 , which is provided on its lower side with a coating 17 , which is is a conventional coating based on polyvinyl chloride. The lower layer 16 consists of a polyester fabric and is fully connected to the intermediate layer 15 above. The intermediate layers 12-15 are sewn together in a line (not shown), so that their abutting surfaces lie directly on one another. The upper intermediate layer 12 is quilted linearly with the upper layer 11 (not shown). Due to the connection of the various layers described above, they cannot slip, so that the base 10 always lies flat on the bed. Even when washing after use, this compound does not prevent flow through the underlay, so that it can be properly maintained and possibly infected. There is no water sack formation when spinning. The upper layer 11 of the base 10 consists of a double-sided knitted fabric, as a result of which an outer region 18 is formed on the upper side of the upper layer 11 and an inner region 19 on the underside of the upper layer 11 . Here, the loading area 18 consists of hydrophobic polyamide fibers, while the area 19 has predominantly hydrophilic cotton fibers. Area 18 is additionally roughened to increase lying comfort. The intermediate layers 12-15 have a different moisture absorption capacity. This is achieved in that they are formed on both un differently thick and have an un terschiedliche material density, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer 12 increases toward the intermediate layer 15, while the material density decreases from the liner 12 to the liner 15 °. This ensures that the moisture given off by the user is very quickly drawn off or suctioned off and after a while is predominantly in the lower intermediate layer 15 , so that the region 18 of the upper layer 11 , which is connected to the body of the User is in contact, is always dry even with extremely high moisture release. Penetration of the liquid in the mattress or in the sheet is prevented by the lower layer 16 or the PVC coating 17 .

Instead of the double-sided knitted fabric, a double-sided fabric or a velor can of course also be used as the upper layer. It is also possible to replace the lower layer 16 and the coating 17 with a moisture-impermeable film. Of course, the intermediate layers 12 to 15 can be replaced by a single intermediate layer.

A shown in Fig. 2 and a total of 20 designated further embodiment of the base has, like the lower layers described above, an upper layer 21 , an intermediate layer 22 and a lower layer 24 , which is a moisture-impermeable film. Between the intermediate layer 22 and the lower layer 24 is shown a total designated 23 chamber, which is divided in the embodiment shown of the type that two individual chambers arise. These are inflatable air chambers, so that the pad additionally evenly or differently pads the body of the user over its entire support surface or over a partial support surface, so that such a support is excellently applicable to pressure ulcer patients or the like. It is also possible to fill the chamber 23 or the partial chambers with a heating or cooling fluid.

Claims (12)

1. Underlay for beds that prevents soiling and wetting of mattresses or sheets, with a moisture-proof underlay, an upper layer arranged above it and at least one intermediate layer provided between the upper and lower layers, characterized in that the underlay as a washable under layer is designed such that the intermediate layer ( 12, 13, 14, 15, 22 ) is connected punctually and / or linearly with the upper layer ( 11, 21 ) and punctually, linearly and / or flatly with the lower layer ( 16, 24 ) and that the upper layer ( 11, 21 ) consists of a textile fabric ( 11 ) which in the area of its user-facing upper side ( 18 ) made of synthetic fibers or yarns and in the area of its inner side ( 19 ) facing the intermediate layer consists of hydrophilic fibers or yarns. 2. Pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper layer ( 11 ) consists of a knitted fabric. 3. Document according to claim 1, characterized in that the top layer is made of a velor.   4. Document according to claim 3, characterized in that the velor is a pile layer made of synthetic fibers and has a base fabric made of natural fibers. 5. Pad according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper layer ( 11, 21 ), the intermediate layer ( 12, 13, 14, 15, 22 ) and the lower layer ( 16, 24 ) on the edge of the pad ( 20 ) are firmly connected. 6. Pad according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper layer ( 11, 21 ), the intermediate layer ( 12, 13, 14, 15, 22 ) and the lower layer ( 16, 24 ) additionally Lich punctually distributed over their area with each other are connected. 7. Pad according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower layer ( 16 ) and the intermediate layer ( 15 ) are connected to one another flat. 8. Underlay according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 12, 13, 14, 15, 22 ) comprises a pile of synthetic fibers. 9. pad according to claim 8, characterized in that the pile is a fleece. 10. Document according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower layer from a coated fabric or a coated knitwear consists. 11. Support according to claim 10, characterized in that the coating ( 17, 24 ) is a microporous coating. 12. Pad according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the intermediate layer ( 15 ) and the lower layer ( 16 ) a fluid-fillable chamber ( 23 ) is arranged, which is completely or partially over the surface of the lower layer ( 24 ) extends.