DE3611208A1 - Line compensator - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to compensate temperature-related changes in length in the blow-out line of a power station or other discontinuously operated pipeline parts, a portion of the blow-out line is cut open and there is inserted, between the pipe ends (12, 14), a connection piece (16) which interacts with the inner surfaces of the pipe ends via metallic, resilient sealing rings (18, 20) which are slit in a manner similar to piston rings. The pipe ends (12, 14) are, furthermore, connected tightly via a resilient bellows (34), the interior of which is relieved of pressure via a special relief line (40) which has a small diameter. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a line compensator for ins special discontinuously operated pipeline parts like a blowout pipe of a power plant according to the Oberbe handle of claim 1.

Blow lines lead from safety valves of the force works over the roof of the power plant hall, where on the lei a silencer is attached. The at nor blow lines not required during operation normally at ambient temperature, in a sturgeon fall when opening the assigned safety valve who which they quickly dissipate to the high temperature of the Brought working medium. Such blow-out lines must in the event of a malfunction was also a relatively high pressure hold: Because of the provided at the end of the blow-out line A silencer builds a back in the blow-out line pressure up to 80 atm.

To the lengths caused by changes in temperature The blow-out lines must be able to accommodate changes previously have large pipe bends. Because the blowout pipes have a large cross-section (typically a nominal width of 700 mm), such pipe bends are expensive; the for Avoidance of thermal stresses on cables cuts also take up a lot of space.

The problems outlined above for blowout lines occur analogously also with other discontinuously operated pipes line parts on; you can also be continuously driven pipes do not always remain out of consideration.

In the field of low pressure lines, lei are inherent tion expansion joints known, the installation-related situation  absorb fluctuations between two pipe ends to be connected can, e.g. B. in the form of bellows. Such line however, compensators cannot withstand high pressures ten, especially when enlarged to those for use size of a blow-out line.

The present invention is therefore intended to be a line compensator for high pressure piping parts such as the discharge line of a power plant which is directly into a pipe to be secured tion can be inserted and the high occurring there Can withstand printing.

This object is achieved by a lei tion compensator according to claim 1.

In the line compensator according to the invention, one provides Connector, which both the one pipe end and the other pipe end axially overlapped and made of strong pipe material is made for a pressure-resistant connection of the two opposite pipe ends of the am Line compensator on the separated pipeline. The between the connector and the pipe ends effective sealing len allow a relative movement between the connector and the two pipe ends and thus the Pipe ends against each other, and at the same time ensure that the Interior of the sealing sleeve arrangement only with a small applied a fraction of the pressure in the pipeline becomes. So that the sealing sleeve assembly can un form permeable barrier, as is particularly the case for pipe lines in nuclear power plants is required while they designed at the same time only for relatively low prints needs to be, so it is inexpensive to manufacture.

Since the line compensator according to the invention in the tube pipe can be inserted yourself, elbows are not required in the latter, a blow-out line can e.g. directly from  Safety valve guided over the shortest possible route over the roof will. This will make the one needed in the power plant hall Space requirements significantly reduced, there are considerable men saved on the pipe material for the blow-out line and also the heat emission in the power plant hall in one Accident is reduced because the hot medium is blown out be led out of the hall by the shortest route can.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in Unter claims specified.

The development of the invention according to claim 3 is in With regard to simultaneous compensation of curse errors in the pipe ends of the pipeline is an advantage.

With the development of the invention according to claim 5 achieved that the line compensator not only thermal Extentions in the axial direction of the pipeline also transverse differences in position between the two Can accommodate pipe sections. This is especially true in With regard to the inclusion of the temperature-related situation Changes to angular connections are an advantage.

With the development of the invention according to claim 6 achieved that the line compensator even if he do not compensate for expansion over a long period of time had to, so that the relative position of its various Parts remained unchanged, then on the site can address issues, without this large custody exercise would have to be overcome, as it has over time would otherwise be caused by corrosion.

In a line compensator according to claim 7 internal mechanical friction particularly small, so that too even small temperature-related changes in length without opening construction of tensions.  

The development of the invention according to claim 8 is in With regard to keeping the behind the gap seal small still received pressure is an advantage. Because the gap seal starts from a point on the flow path at which the flow cross section is expanded, the gap seal not subjected to high back pressure.

The provision of sealing points at both ends of the connector dungsstück and its bias in an axially middle Location, as stated in claim 9, is with regard to a easy assembly on site and with regard to the compen Larger position errors are an advantage.

Brings according to claim 11 with the interior of the Fe derbalges related relief line to egg ner annular end face of the bellows, so the movements of the other compensator parts as far as possible kept away from her.

The development of the invention according to claim 12 is in With a view to further reducing that pressure beneficial with which the interior of the complete encapsulation providing sealing sleeve arrangement hit.

According to claim 13 you can when on a pipe different line compensators are required, all Liche relief lines essentially parallel to Lay the pipeline without a flow moderately following line compensator led discharge power line significantly affects its axial mobility would be pregnant. The overall arrangement of pipeline and associated line compensators, including the Ent load lines of the latter, has therefore particularly com compact structure.

The invention will now be described with reference to embodiments play with reference to the drawing tert. In this show:

Figure 1 is an axial section through a Kabelkom compensator for use in a blowout device of a power plant.

Fig. 2 shows a similar section through a modified line compensator;

Figure 3 is an axial section through a further abge transformed line compensator.

Fig. 4 is an axial section through yet a further modified line compensator; and

Fig. 5 is an axial section through a further line compensator, which establishes the connection between a safety valve and a vent pipe.

Fig. 1 shows a section of a blow-out line of a power plant, which is separated in the area of a line compensator designated overall by 10, so that two pipe ends 12 , 14 are obtained. The pipe end 12 is connected to a safety valve of the power plant, not shown in the drawing, while the pipe end 14 belongs to a line section which is guided over the roof of the power plant hall and carries a silencer there.

To the line compensator 10 includes a tubular Ver connector 16 , which has the same wall thickness as the blow-out line and ends with play in the two tube ends 12 , 14 .

In the outer surface of the connecting piece 16 two sealing rings 18 , 20 are inserted in the vicinity of the axial ends thereof, which run in sliding play on the inner surface of the pipe ends 12 , 14 . As can be seen from the drawing, the sealing rings 18 , 20 have a spherical outer surface 22 , so that the connecting piece 16 can simultaneously accommodate displacements and tilting of the two pipe ends 12 , 14 .

The sealing rings 18 , 20 are similar to piston rings ge slits so that they can spring in a radial direction with respect to the ring axis. The sealing rings 18 , 20 as well as the pipe ends 12 , 14 are made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion of the cooperating treads, which would prevent the compensator from responding to changes in position between the two pipe ends 12 , 14 .

As seen from Fig. 1, the inner edge of the sealing is rings 18, 20 spaced from the bottom of the respectively receiving groove 23, so that the sealing rings 18, 20 can not only spring in ra dialer direction but also as a whole from the Can remove the axis of the connector 16 to accommodate axial displacements of the pipe ends 12 , 14 . In order to prevent leakage currents via the grooves 23 , the end faces of the sealing rings 18 , 20 are in fluid-tight sliding contact with the walls of the grooves 23 .

The connecting piece 16 carries two annular, spring seats forming flanges 24 , 26 , and compression springs 28 , 30 are clamped between the latter and the free end faces of the tube ends 12 , 14 . In this way, the connecting piece 16 is floating floating in a central position with respect to the end face of the tube ends 12 , 14 . The flanges 24 , 26 also serve as the axial movement of the connec tion piece 16 limiting stop plates. On the outer surfaces of the tube ends 12 , 14 , the two sleeve-shaped end portions 32 of a bellows, generally designated 34, are tightly fixed. The bellows 34 also has ring-shaped end portions 36 and a corrugated peripheral wall 38 .

In the top in Fig. 1 end portion 36 of the Fe derbalges 34 , the end of a relief line 40 is tightly attached, which is fixed via mounting brackets 42 on the upper section in Fig. 1 of the blow-out line and carried by this also over the roof of the power plant hall is.

In Fig. 1, 44 is a further relief line, which comes from a further line compensator, not shown, which has a similar structure to that shown in Fig. 1, but is provided upstream of the latter in the blow-out line, for example in one horizontal section of the blow-out line, which is arranged upstream of the vertical line section shown in FIG. 1.

The relief line 44 is also carried by mounting brackets 42 from the blow-out line and has a radially led out from the line axis, arcuate Lei line section 46 , which leads over the bellows 34 , so that the relief line 44, the axial rela tive movements between the pipe ends 12 , 14 without appreciable increase in the rigidity of the line compensator shown in Fig. 1 can participate.

As an alternative to the curved line section 46 , the relief line 44 can also be separated and its end tightly fixed in the lower annular end section 36 of the bellows 34 , so that medium to be led from the relief line 44 flows over the interior of the bellows 34 to the relief line 40 . The corresponding variant is shown in dashed lines at 48 in FIG. 1. In this case, one would then gradually increase the cross section of the then single discharge line behind each of the line compensators.

In the event of a malfunction in the power plant, in which the safety valve assigned to the blow-out line opens, hot steam in FIG. 1 flows from below through the pipe end 12 , the connecting piece 16 and the pipe end 14 . Due to the sealing rings 18 , 20 , the tube ends 12 , 14 and the connecting piece 16 form a substantially self-contained telescopic arrangement, and of the pressure build-up in the blow-out line due to the muffler provided at its end, only a small fraction of the sealing rings 18 , 20 given into the interior of the bellows 34 . The interior of the bellows 34 is connected by the relief line 40 to the outside of the power plant hall, so that the bellows 34 is not exposed to high loads even with prolonged blowing. It can thus be made of relatively thin material and yet reliably fulfills the task of avoiding the direct escape of any working medium containing radioactive contamination into the interior of the power plant hall.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the lower end of the connecting piece 16 is welded to the pipe end 12 . An upper end portion 50 of the connector 16 has a reduced diameter and bil det together with the inner surface of the tube end 14 a gap seal 52nd

The two pipe ends 12, 14 are surrounded by an outer sleeve-shaped connecting piece 54, which rings by sealing 56 is sealed 58 against the outer surface of the pipe ends 12, 14 and defines, together with the connecting piece 16 an annular space 60th The latter is vented via a discharge line 62 which extends along the blow line to a point above the roof of the power plant hall.

Instead of the single bellows 34 shown in FIG. 1, two bellows 64 , 66 are now provided, each of which is placed tightly on the outer surface of one of the tube ends 12 , 14 and one end of the outer connecting piece 54 . The interiors of the bellows 64 , 66 are vented via relief lines 68 , 70 , which sections 72 of the bellows 64 , 66 are inserted tightly in annular Stirnab and are also guided along the blowout line over the roof of the power plant hall. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the relief line 62 has an arcuate line section 74 which extends out of the main line axis , and the relief line 70 is also provided in the region of the modified line compensator 10 shown in FIG. 2 with a line section 76 which is bent out of the line main axis and which has the shape of a wide open V Thus, the relief lines 62 and 70 do not significantly impede the axial relative movement between the two pipe ends 12 , 14 .

In the event of a malfunction, the annular space 60 is acted upon by the gap seal 52 with part of the pressure prevailing in the blowout line; this pressure is largely discharged via the relief line 62 . A small part of the pressure prevailing in the annular space 60 also reaches via the sealing rings 56 , 58 into the interior of the bellows 64 or 66 . These interiors are vented through the discharge lines 68 , 70 to the atmosphere, so that the bellows 64 , 66 need only have a relatively low pressure resistance.

Also in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the temperature-related changes in length of the blow-out line are carried out by installing a line compensator in a straight line section. Here, too, the usual, elaborate pipe elbows in the blow-out line can be omitted. The line compensator shown in FIG. 2 can equally be provided in a vertical, a horizontal or any inclined section of the blow-out line. One can in turn provide several such line expansion joints at successive locations from the blow line, and the various discharge lines in the form of a line bundle on the outer surface of the discharge line lead over the roof of the power plant hall, the relief lines in the area of subsequent line expansion joints each having a bent bending section are in order not to impair the work of these line compensators. Since the relief lines compared to the blow-out line have a small cross-section and a small wall thickness, such bending sections can be realized easily and with a small space requirement.

The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is similar to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 with regard to the geometry of the connecting piece 16 and the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 with regard to the configuration of the bellows arrangement.

The flanges 24 , 26, which also represent spring seats, carry the ends of the bellows 64 , 66 at their outer edges. The axially outer ends of the bellows 64 , 66 are tightly festge on ring flanges 78 , 80 , which are formed on the pipe end 12 or the pipe end 14 . The relief lines 68 , 70 are inserted into the ring flanges 78 , 80 .

On the outer end face of the same diameter as the ring flanges 78 , 80 having flanges 24 , 26 , molded stop rings 82 are placed on them, which prevent the compression springs 28 , 30 from becoming blocked and are provided in their free edge with recesses 84 , so that the fluid connection to the relief lines 68 , 70 is maintained even when the stop rings 82 are driven against the ring flanges 78 , 80 .

Otherwise, the line compensator shown in FIG. 3 operates similarly to that according to FIG. 1.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 is similar to that of FIG. 2, but the connector 16 is not engaging in the inside width of the pipe end 14 is fastened to the latter, rather is bluntly attached to the pipe end 12 .

The modified connector 16 shown in FIG. 4 has a larger diameter end section 86 which engages over the pipe end 14 with radial play.

A groove 88 , in which a sealing ring 90 is arranged, is pierced into the outer surface of the pipe end 14 in the immediate vicinity of the pipe end face. Regarding a details of the geometry and the choice of material applies to the sealing formed by the groove 88 , the sealing ring 90 and the inner surface of the end portion 86 of the connecting piece 16 , the same as set forth above with reference to FIG. 1 for the sealing points there.

The bellows 34 is at one end on the outer surface of the end portion 86 of the connector 16 on, while its second end is tightly attached to the peripheral surface of a flange 92 which is integrally formed on the lower tube end 14 . The relief line 40 is sealed through this flange 92 .

In Fig. 5, 94 denotes a section of a boiler on which a safety valve 96 is placed. Whose outlet port 98 is set with radial clearance in the horizontal portion 100 of a 90-degree elbow 102 , which is connected to a blowout line. Since the safety valve 96 is firmly connected to the boiler 94 and since the manifold 102 is firmly anchored to the building, as indicated schematically by fastening points 108 , 110 , the line compensator, again designated as 10 , must change axial as well as radial relative movements between temperature changes the exhaust port 98 and the manifold section 100 . In the line compensator constructed similarly to that shown in FIG. 4, in which functionally corresponding components are again provided with corresponding reference numerals, the groove 88 is therefore formed particularly deep, for which purpose the end of the outlet nozzle 98 of the safety valve 96 has an increased thickness Bund 112 is provided. The sealing ring 90 is seen in the radial direction large width and is as derum fluid-tight manner out 88 in a sliding fit on the side walls of the groove with its two end faces, so that the sealing ring 90 from its shown in Fig. Accurately coaxial to the axis of the discharge port 98 position 5 out can be radially displaced by the distance x to accommodate transverse relative movements between the outlet port 98 and the manifold section 100 .

As seen from Fig. 5, the 34 sets 114 Festge bellows one end of the spring to a slightly raised collar which projects beyond the outer surface of the elbow section 100, while the flange 92, the sealing th with the two end of the bellows 34 is connected , to the outlet nozzle 98 is formed. The relief line 40 is again tightly guided through the flange 92 .

The above embodiments concerned the use of line compensators in power plants. Similar Blow lines from both safety valves as well of other fittings can also be found in other pipes systems, e.g. in refinery or chemical plants or generally in process engineering. You can also get there Ver. described above in detail line compensators turn.  

As indicated at the beginning, are those described above Line compensators also in connection with continuous or quasi-continuously operated pipelines bar, where a small leakage loss is technically insignificant is.

After all, the line compensators were above in connection with the ventilation line that discharges leakage current tion described, but it is understood that the leak current-carrying line also to a leakage current operated load.

Claims (13)

1. Line compensator for in particular discontinuously operated pipeline parts such as a blow-out line of a power plant with two rigid Rohrabschnit th, which are tightly connected via a deformable pipe section, characterized in that the two pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ) are arranged substantially coaxially and one again essentially coaxial connecting piece ( 16 ) extends into one or both pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ) and / or overlaps one or both pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ), whereby between it and at least one of the pipe sections a sealing point ( 18 , 20 ; 52 ) is provided; and that the pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ) carry an axially deformable sealing sleeve arrangement ( 34 ; 64 , 66 ), the interior of which is connected to a discharge pipe ( 44 ; 68 , 70 ) pointing towards the pipe diameter and having a small diameter. 2. Line compensator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing points are formed by sealing rings ( 18 , 20 ) which are carried by one of the opposite circumferential surfaces of pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ) or connecting piece ( 16 ). 3. Line compensator according to claim 2, characterized in that the sealing rings ( 18 , 20 ) have a spherical outer surface ( 22 ). 4. Line compensator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sealing rings ( 18 , 20 ) are made of metal and are slit similar to a piston ring GE, so that they spring in a radial direction with respect to the ring axis. 5. Line compensator according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that at least one in the radial direction wide sealing ring ( 90 ) in a deep groove ( 88 ) sits so tightly that the inner ring edge is spaced from the groove base, so that the sealing ring axis of this sealing ring can move away from the axis of the annular groove ( 88 ) receiving it. 6. A line compensator according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the sealing rings ( 18 , 20 ; 90 ) and the material receiving them ( 23 ; 88 ) and the material specifying the sealing ring tread material made of corrosion-resistant material, especially stainless steel. 7. A line compensator according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing point is a gap seal ( 52 ) which is formed by the circumferential surfaces of tube sections ( 12 , 14 ) or connecting piece ( 16 ) which are opposite one another with little radial play. 8. Line compensator according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 16 ) at the upstream end is firmly connected to the one pipe section ( 12 ), and the gap seal ( 52 ) at the downstream end of the connecting piece ( 16 ) is at which the flow cross section from the inner diameter of the connecting piece ( 16 ) increases again to the nominal diameter of the blow-out device. 9. Line compensator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 16 ) over two axially relative movement permitting sealing points ( 18 , 20 ) floating between the two Rohrabschnit th ( 12 , 14 ) and is arranged by biasing means ( 28 , 30 ) is biased into a substantially central axial position between the pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ). 10. Line compensator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sealing sleeve arrangement has a bellows ( 34 ), the two ends of which are fixed on the outer sides of the tube sections ( 12 , 14 ). 11. Line compensator according to claim 10, characterized in that the relief line ( 44 ) is inserted into an annular end portion ( 36 ) of the bellows ( 34 ). 12. Line compensator according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the connecting piece ( 16 ) engages in the pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ) and an outer connector ( 54 ) tightly engages over the pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ); that the sealing sleeve arrangement has two sealing sleeves ( 64 , 66 ), the ends of which are each tightly fixed on one pipe section ( 12 , 14 ) or the end of the outer connecting piece ( 54 ) adjacent to this and the interior of each with a discharge line ( 68 , 70 ) communicates; and that the annular space ( 60 ) delimited between the two connecting pieces ( 16 , 54 ) is connected to a pre-relief line ( 62 ). 13. Line compensator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that relief lines ( 44 ; 62 , 70 ), which are passed over the space between the pipe sections ( 12 , 14 ), one in the area of this space radially from the line main axis bent bending section ( 46 ; 74 , 76 ) have.