DE3608180A1 - Mixture for producing coatings and/or mouldings, in particular having a polished (ground) surface, for the building and construction industry - Google Patents

Abstract

Published without abstract.

Description

Mixture for making coverings

and / or molded bodies, in particular with a ground surface for the Construction industry The invention relates to mixtures for producing coverings and / or Shaped bodies, in particular with a ground surface for the building industry, consisting from water, at least one binding agent and at least one aggregate.

For the purposes of the invention, coverings are floors in residential and industrial rooms, in commercial rooms, in particular for warehouses and cattle sheds, i.e. living, walking, Understand storage, factory and stable floors, as well as every type of walking and transport routes, generally floors in living spaces and in commercial spaces for indoor and outdoor use Outside area, further plastering or mortar for the inside and outside walls, Understanding ceilings and facades. The floors can be made on site e.g. screeds with and without a sanded surface, they can also be made from accordingly manufactured molded bodies such as plates, plates and molded pieces be.

Shaped bodies also include slabs and stones for floors and walls, Wall tiles, roof tiles, ledges, columns, steps, facade panels, door and window elements, non-standardized and standardized stones, as well as blocks up to the size of wall parts to understand.

Furthermore, hollow molded bodies with openings for introduction are below them of heat- and / or sound-insulating, breathable filling material, such as Mixtures of sand, loam, optionally mixed with organic swellable substances To understand fabrics, fibers, grain, straw, wood and the like.

Furthermore, under wall parts are also plates to be understood that when Manufacture of walls to form a permanent formwork with the said filler material is filled.

Worktops, such as table tops and the like, are also included for the chemical, medical, gastronomic and household sectors.

The commercial sector is also included and the agricultural sector with its special requirements, for example, that stable floors are acid-resistant and heat-retaining and have diffusion properties should have. The acid resistance, insulating and heat retaining factors are Also of interest in the chemical and electrical field, which are also areas of application are.

The mixtures can each as a layer and optionally after Sandwich principle are applied to the substrate.

Under a substrate on which the coverings are to be applied is in For the purposes of the invention, a prepared substrate for floors, ceilings, To understand interior and exterior walls, facades, etc.

The coverings can also be prefabricated from the mixtures according to the invention Shaped bodies exist, the dimensions and surface geometry of which can be any, the coverings being built up in a manner known per se according to a grid dimension.

This applies to both interior and exterior construction.

For the purposes of the invention, molded bodies are also comprised of those according to the invention Mixtures of all types of discharge and supply pipes of any size for all types of liquids in household and industry, e.g. waste water, Wastewater, as well as for chemical, especially for aggressive liquids too to understand.

In general, the invention is concerned with a new material for the construction industry, which has a surcharge from split brick or. Has clinker factory.

Bricks and clinker only differ in their firing temperatures. Depending on the occurrence, they have different proportions of the different Minerals, additives and firing temperatures different colors, tints, different pore structure and different structure.

The invention assumes that bricks, roof tiles, etc.

Building blocks fired from clay or loam generally have the best properties with regard to the absorption and release of moisture and in this respect for an optimal Provide indoor climate. Additionally brick walls have the property that they heat only with a long delay from the inside to the outside or vice versa and thus bring about a temperature equalization, depending on the brick density, which depends, among other things, on the firing temperature (ceramic). Continue to have They already have good sound insulation and high levels of sound due to their structure and pore structure Thermal insulation and, in addition, good diffusion properties (absorption and release moisture).

For reasons of biological building physics, buildings made of bricks or Clinker with lime or trass lime mortar the other building materials, such as especially artificial stones, are preferable, however, because of their dimensions higher moving costs than large stones. Their general use is, however, due to the higher manufacturing and processing costs largely limited. So cost Brick walls with bricks of classic dimensions more than those from the modern concrete and hollow blocks, which also have larger dimensions and moving costs save on.

The old or antique brick buildings consist of fired or

slaked lime as a binding agent and an aggregate of randomly crushed Brickworks and natural stone waste. This material is commonly known as Roman concrete known.

It tends to decay more and more under the aggressive atmosphere has a comparatively low compressive strength.

The invention is based on the object of creating a material the one in terms of strength and resistance to the atmospheric Conditions is superior to Roman concrete and has a comparable appearance.

Furthermore, the material should be such that it essentially has the structural advantages of the well-known bricks and clinker and after the modern Process of the construction industry can be processed and with reproducible Values e.g.

in terms of dimensions, strength, density and with exact Installation dimensions, so that seamless relocation and processing can be carried out in practice is.

According to a first solution principle, the object is achieved by that the aggregate is split brick or clinker works, the binding agent cement is, and that the mixture of the premix of cement and water and the admixed There is a split brick or clinker factory.

To achieve the appropriate shade, either a part is used of the existing brick or clinker plant split and with the one created during splitting Fine dust processed into the moldings or the floors. It turned out that in this way, a shade can be achieved that is the same as that of the original brickwork due to the surprisingly good color saturation of the fine dust corresponds to that of high proportions as color pigment and hydraulic factor and with low values only as Hydraulic factor works.

If necessary, known color pigments can also be added will. In contrast to terrazzo, a greater variety of colors is achieved in the mortar, because terrazzo has the cement colors and the colors are brought in colorful natural stones is achieved.

A great advantage arises from the fact that generally also not standardized stone sizes that cause problems when burning clinker, without further can be produced and that the advantages of brickwork are largely preserved stay.

In particular, it is possible to use different fired bricks and Clinker and also with different colors to a material of homogeneous uniform color to process, so that from here on out for recycling result in new areas.

A particular advantage is that the new material produced moldings, such as stones for walls no additional Fire require, but to increase the compressive strength and to strengthen the Brick character can also be burnt, creating a mineralization and / or sintering can be achieved. The additionally fired moldings, which can still have refractory components have a surprisingly high strength and heat resistance.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is swamped, split brick or brickwork free of dust

Klinkerwerk, the binder cement, the cement being the aggregate dry mixed and after mixing the water is mixed in.

This measure ensures that the split brickworks is free of foreign suspended matter, with only fine brick dust due to the mixing arises in very small quantities, the proportion of which is determined by the color of the mixture can be displayed and this proportion of fine brick dust depending on the concentration single the function of a hydraulic factor or a hydraulic factor and a pigment and the color tone can be controlled through the mixing time, i.e. through the abrasion during mixing is.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is sumped, Split brickworks or clinker brickworks that are essentially free of dust, the cement binder, the aggregate being premixed with some of the water Cement is mixed in and finally the remaining water is mixed in.

Through these measures it is achieved that only in very small proportions Fine dust is formed during mixing.

Under sumped, split essentially free of dust fractions Brick or clinker works is to be understood in the context of the invention that the split Brickworks is washed several times until it is free of foreign matter and in particular is free of foreign suspended matter and is still in a water-saturated state or after prior moistening is processed. With this repeated washing, the Dust content of the brick or

Clinker works in general except for essentially negligible Washed out parts that stick to the surface of the grain. It can in this case the proportions are still so small that they function as a hydraulic factor should have.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is sumped, Split brickworks or clinker brickworks that are essentially free of dust, the binding agent cement, the cement being premixed with the water and the Premix is added to the aggregate.

By these measures it is achieved that during the mixing of the Fine dust content is kept practically constant during mixing.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is sumped, split brick or brickwork free of dust

Clinker works, the binder being a mixture of cement and lime the binding agent is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing the Water is mixed in.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is sumped, split brick or brickwork free of dust

Clinker works, the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the binder, which is premixed with part of the water, is added to the aggregate and finally the remaining water is added.

According to a further solution principle, the surcharge is sumped, split, essentially free of dust fractions or brick. Clinker factory, wherein the binder is a mixture of cement and lime, the binder with the Water is premixed and the premix is added to the aggregate.

Due to the mixture of cement and lime as a binding agent, additional the toughness and the building biology properties of the material according to the invention much improved.

It was found that replacing the lime or replacing a Part of the lime by trass lime leads to a surprising improvement in material properties leads, whereby the materials after their processing, i.e. the coverings, shaped stones etc.

Have surprisingly good breathable, elastic properties.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the inventive Mixtures of additionally crushed natural stones and / or a portion of washed Sand and / or crushed artificial stones and / or at least a portion at least an electrically conductive material and / or at least one portion a sound-absorbing material.

The crushed natural and artificial stones, like the sand, serve as an aggregate. The sand also has the function of increasing the fine grain content.

It was found that washed Rhine sand in particular is advantageous affects the structure of the coverings and moldings.

Electrically conductive material is, for example, graphite, the main one For floor coverings, metal powder, for example copper, continues to be used. Above all, it reduces the electrostatic charge in rooms.

A sound insulation is mainly through the introduction of granulated Rubber and where light weight is particularly important, such as blankets, achieved by introducing granulated, foamed polyurethane, cork, etc.

Above all, the sand also increases the flowability of the mixture and can be compacted surprisingly well with the split brick or clinker plant.

Broken colored natural stones can also be used as washed sands Example marbles can be used.

In general, the mixtures are known shortly before processing Superplasticizers added, which allow a better processing and a higher Create density, which also increases strength, thermal conductivity, thermal insulation etc. can be improved.

The invention relates not only to mixtures for manufacture the molded body, but also on the molded body that corresponds to the above-explained Have material properties after the mixtures have set.

According to a first embodiment principle, the shaped body is characterized in that that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one binder and there is at least one surcharge and that the surcharge is split brick or Clinker works, the binding agent is cement, and that the mixture consists of the premix consists of split brick or clinker works mixed with cement and water.

According to a second embodiment principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized because, 3 it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binding agent and at least one aggregate and that aggregate sumped, split brick or brickwork free of dust Clinker works is the binding agent Cement is, the cement is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing the water is mixed in.

According to a third execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, split, Brick or clinker works are free of dust, the binding agent cement is, the aggregate is mixed with the cement premixed with part of the water and finally the remaining water is added.

According to a fourth execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, the surcharge sumped, split, im brick or brickwork that is essentially free of dust. Clinker works is the binding agent Cement is the cement is premixed with the water and the premix is the aggregate is mixed in and the water is mixed in after mixing.

According to a fifth execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, split, brick or brickwork free of dust Clinker works and the binding agent is a mixture is made of cement and lime, the binding agent is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing, the water is added.

According to a sixth execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, split, is a brick or clinker factory free of dust, the binding agent is a mixture made of cement and lime, the aggregate is premixed with some of the water Binder is added and finally the remaining water is added.

According to a seventh execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, the surcharge sumped, split, im Brick or clinker works are essentially free of dust, the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the binder is added to the water and the premix is added to the aggregate.

According to an eighth execution principle, the shaped body is thereby characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least one The mixture or the surcharge consists of binding agent and at least one surcharge additionally crushed natural stones and / or a portion of washed sand and / or crushed artificial stones and / or fillers and / or at least a portion at least one electrically conductive material and / or at least one portion has at least one sound-absorbing material.

Fillers are cork, pumice, blast furnace slag, etc. furthermore the swellable fillers or filler material mentioned at the beginning.

According to a preferred first embodiment, the shaped body is characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binder and at least one aggregate, the binder of 3.5 Room parts Dykerhoff cement, 4 room parts sand with a grain size of 0 mm - 2 mmm (washed ) and the proportion of split brickwork from 1 room part of the Grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 space parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 space parts of the Grain size 3 mm - 16 mm where the water content is about a volume and above 1.5 percent by volume of the known flow agent related to the mixture attached to the cement.

This results in a material with high compressive strength and abrasion resistance.

In particular, according to the invention, the three spatial parts have a split Brickworks have a grain size between 8 mm and 16 mmm, which makes these properties still to be improved.

According to a preferred second embodiment, the shaped body is characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one aggregate, the binding agent consists of 1 space part Trier lime, 2.5 parts by volume Dykerhoff cement 3 parts by volume sand of the grain size 0 to 2 mmm (washed) and the proportion of split brickwork from 2 parts of the room the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 roughness parts the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 space parts the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm where the water content is about 1 volume and before processing the mixture 1.5 percent by volume of a known flow agent based on the amount of cement included.

If, for example, when processing this mixture into a floor the mixture is distributed and additionally compressed in a manner known per se, Surprisingly, a layer forms below the surface formed extreme hardness, consisting essentially of glue components and fine fractions of the Surcharge, etc. When sanding the floor into this layer the result is a sanded floor, extremely hard surface, which is also acid-resistant is.

In particular, according to the invention, the three spatial parts have a split Brickworks have a grain size between 8 mm and 16 mmm, which makes these properties still to be improved.

According to a preferred third embodiment, the shaped body is characterized in that it consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binder and at least one aggregate, the binder of 1.5 Room parts Trier lime, 2 room parts Dykerhoff cement, 4 room parts sand of the grain size 0 to 2 mmm (washed) the proportion of split brickwork from 0.5 room parts the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 0.5 volume parts the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 volume parts the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm where the water content is 1 volume and before Process 1.5 percent by volume of a known flow agent into the mixture based on the amount of cement included.

This lime content results in a higher elasticity of a Floor. It has a barely noticeable red tint, because the low proportion of Particulate matter from the brickworks is likely to be involved as a hydraulic factor.

In particular, according to the invention, the three spatial parts have a split Brickworks have a grain size between 8 mm and 16 mmm, which makes these properties still to be improved.

The invention also relates to the method for producing or Application of the mixtures from which the coverings and the moldings are made.

A preferred method is. in it, a mixture of water, to produce at least one binding agent and at least one aggregate, the Binder from 1 room part Trier lime, 2.5 room parts Dykerhoff cement 3 room parts Sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mmm (washed) and the proportion of split brickwork from 2 spatial parts of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 spatial parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm and the water content about 1 Volume fraction is and before processing the mixture 1.5 percent by volume of one per se known superplasticizers are added based on the amount of cement. At the Processing this mixture this is additionally compacted, being below the surface forms the layer of extreme hardness, down to which the floor or shaped stone is abraded.

In particular, according to the invention, the three spatial parts have a split Brickworks have a grain size between 8 mm and 16 mmm, which makes these properties still to be improved.

It can be used when processing the mixtures or when producing the Coverings, shaped stones, etc. the conventional methods are used.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the mixtures for the production of coverings such as worktops, floors, etc., interior and exterior plaster and for plastering the ceilings - coverings in the sense of the invention - on the substrate by means of pumps due to the surprisingly good workability and adhesiveness Applied under pressure during spraying, the mixture compacting at the same time accordingly, a high compression of the material and thus the above Achieve mentioned advantages in a manner known per se shortly before processing Known superplasticizers were added to the mixtures.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the invention Mixtures introduced into molds and shaped or by means of the molded bodies under pressure Injection molding machines are formed into moldings or extruded into mass strands extruded and divided the mass strands to form the molded bodies.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the shaped body has or the covering to form a wear-resistant surface a zone of accumulated Binder glue and fine particles and is sanded down into this zone. The production takes place analogously to the second exemplary embodiment.

In yet another further embodiment of the invention, the molding has two layers of the mixture, with both layers forming a zone of accumulated binder glue and fines and both are sanded down to this zone.

The production takes place in such a way that after the setting of the first Layer this on a work surface, in a shape or the like, and turn it over the second layer is applied and sanded accordingly.

In yet another further embodiment of the invention, the shaped body has at least three layers of two different mixtures, wherein the two outer layers to form a wear-resistant surface one Have a zone of accumulated binder glue and fines and up to are ground in this zone. In this way a molded body is for example A stone was created that is extremely hard, wear-resistant and resistant to aggressive Has surfaces that are resistant to media or aggressive atmospheres.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the shaped body is is a hollow body and openings for introducing heat and / or sound insulating and / or breathable filling material. These measures achieve that initially by means of the material according to the invention building blocks as a hollow body that are added to the walls etc. at the construction site, by using these hollow blocks, for example, with an organic adhesive, it can a mixture of clay and water can also be used on the contact surfaces together are connected and then introduced the material mentioned at the beginning as a filler will.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the filling material is is a mixture of sand and / or loam and / or swellable substances. It surrendered This results in good building biology properties combined with a surprising good soundproofing and thermal insulation. In particular, for example, a mixture made of moist sand, clay and grains are used, all in one surprisingly high degree of these properties of the created structures after the swelling that brings grain with it.

According to the invention, such mixtures have surprisingly well as Swellable substances have been shown to be grain, wood, straw and the like.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, these have shaped bodies openings arranged in the grid for inserting lances for injecting the Fillers on. Through these measures it is achieved that, for example, after construction a wall with these hollow moldings, the openings are aligned in vertical rows, so that reinforcement profiles are used and the filler lances the wall Filling from below ensures that no cavities are formed.

In general, the mixtures for the production of coverings and / or Moldings, in particular with a ground surface for the construction industry, a composition of water, at least one binder and at least one additive, wherein according to the invention the binder from 0 to 1.5 parts by volume of Trier Lime, 412is 3.5 parts by volume Dykerhoff-Zemtt 0.5 to 4 parts by volume sand of the grain size 0 to 2 mm (washed), and the proportion of split brickwork from 0.5 up to 2 parts by volume with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 to 4 parts by volume with a grain size of 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 0 to 3 spatial parts of grain size 3 or 8 mm - 16 mm, whereby the The proportion of water is approximately one volume proportion and, before processing, the mixture is 1.5 Percentage by volume of known superplasticizer based on the amount of cement added are.

In general, the moldings according to the invention consist of one set mixture of water, at least one binder and at least one Surcharge, the binder from 0 to 1.5 parts by volume Trier lime, 1.25 to 3.5 room parts Dykerhoff-Zemnt 0.5 to 1t room parts sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mm (washed), and the proportion of split brickwork from 0.5 to 2 Parts of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 to 4 parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 0 to 3 parts by volume with a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm, with the water content is about a volume fraction and before processing the mixture 1.5 percent by volume per se known superplasticizers are added based on the amount of cement.

The invention is shown in the drawing on the basis of exemplary embodiments explained.

They show: FIG. 1 a section through a floor according to the invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stone, Figure 3 further embodiments for stones in the Darbis 5 position of the figure 3 and FIG. 6 a section in plan view according to VI - VI in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a hollow shaped block, FIG 8 a second embodiment of a hollow shaped block; FIG. 9 the grid dimension and FIG. 10 schematically shows a section through a wall with hollow shaped stones Figure 7.

In the figure 1 is the embodiment of a floor in section shown. On the substrate 1 (floating screed) made of washed sand the A compound layer 2 known per se is applied to grain size 0 to 8 mm and a mixture on this for producing the covering according to the invention, the Binder from 1 room part Trier lime, 2.5 room parts Dykerhoff cement 3 room parts Sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mmm (washed) and the proportion of split brickwork the end 2 parts of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 parts of the space Grain size 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 3 spatial parts of grain size 3 or 8 mm - 16 mm and the water content being about 1 volume and the mixture before processing 1.5 percent by volume of a known superplasticizer based on the amount of cement are attached. Preferably, 3 parts of the space with a grain size of 8 mm to 16 mm are used Use, which results in a further improvement.

The mixture is applied under pressure and with compaction.

After a few days to a week has set on the surface formed a covering or veil 3 and under this a layer 4, which consists essentially of glue components and fine fractions of the aggregate. The covering, which is extremely hard and acid-resistant, is sanded down into this layer having. Such a covering is therefore universal in the various areas of application can be used as explained above.

This mixture according to the invention can be used to create a floating screed which is already the finished floor after sanding. It This results, among other things, in considerable weight savings and lower overall depths Soil. Since this floor has a smaller thickness than the usual floors, it tends to he has far fewer cracks, so that considerably larger areas are made without expansion joints can be.

In a modification of this exemplary embodiment, as in FIG. 1, schematically is shown in dashed lines, another layer 5 is made below the bottom is that from a Mixture consists, with the exception of the fines of the brickworks up to 2 mmmm grain size and a lime content the same composition like the top layer.

Both layers have an intermediate layer with high adhesive claws intimately connected. Due to the essentially identical components a detachment of the upper layer and the formation of cracks are largely excluded.

Figure 2 shows a molded body or molded stone 6, which consists of a Mixture according to the above embodiment of Figure 1 consists. The mixture will placed in a mold and jogged.

After setting and sanding as in the first embodiment a hard, abrasion-resistant and acid-resistant surface is created on the substrate 7. This stone is particularly suitable for outdoors, floors and the like. In larger dimensions it is used for tabletops in chemical and medical facilities etc. used.

FIG. 3 shows a shaped block 8, which is made up of two layers according to FIG Figure 2 consists. After the first mixture has been applied and set, the Turn the formed body over and apply the second layer. Same parts are with the same reference numerals.

Figure 4 shows a modification of Figure 3 by the stone after Figure 3 additionally has a third layer, which has the composition of the other Layer 5 in Figure 1 has.

Figures 5 and 6 show a modification of Figure 3 by the Front sides of the stone 9 grooves 10 or with displacement spaces 11 for mortar for setting walls. It is this makes it possible, practical to set seamless walls.

By adding color pigments, for example copper oxide, Graphite, etc. as well as by introducing split colored stones can be Achieve color effects that were previously not possible with terrazzo.

Surface mineralization and waterproofing with Aida kiesol is carried out in such a way that after-producing a covering or molded body before the final touch the solution is applied and after the expiry of the chemical Reactions the finishing touches takes place, the material being brought about by the mineralization has changed in color, is sanded off.

Mixing times for the mixtures are generally about ten Minutes.

For the specified compositions for the mixtures in proportions is not only claimed protection for the molded body made from it, but also for the mixtures with these compositions for the production of moldings as they are generally described at the beginning, i.e. for these mixtures, which may be processed further in another location without specifying them by name in the description are dealt with.

In general, in the mixtures explained, both with and without information via the volume fractions in place of the brick or brickwork free of dust fractions. Clinker works also step that is essentially free of it, so that protection is claimed for both possible applications (see. Claims). Possibly these fine fractions must be taken into account.

Figure 7 shows a hollow shaped block 12, which is on the top 13 has two openings 14, each with a non-visible opening align the underside. During the production, the shaped stone is without a top and the top made independently of each other and finally with each other glued, so that apart from the openings a completely closed hollow body is formed.

The hollow shaped block 15 according to Figure 8 differs from that in Figure 7 that it is open at its end faces and that it is only along its Longitudinal edges 16 in connection with further hollow shaped stones is in contact. He knows also openings 14.

FIG. 9 schematically explains the openings arranged in the grid, which form aligned rows in walls and the like, through the reinforcement profiles 17 can be introduced (see FIG. 10) and continue to be used for introducing Lances 18 are used, by means of which mixtures are introduced with the fillers.

Figure 10 illustrates schematically the arrangement of the reinforcement profiles and the introduction of the lances, which in principle have tubes open at the ends with in the Wall located holes 20 are, so that the material to be introduced both emerges from the lances on one side as well as on the side. Finally the lances removed, unless they are to subsequently serve as reinforcement profiles.

FIG. 11 shows a hollow molded body which has a core 19 Has wood. This core protrudes with its two end faces into the end faces of the shaped body which is produced for this purpose without these end faces and takes up the core and filled with the filler with the formation of flush end faces will.

Claims (1)

Mixture for the production of coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry claims 1.) Mixture for production of coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one binding agent and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the aggregate is a split brick or clinker plant, the binder is cement and that the mixture of the premix of cement and water mixed with split brick or. Clinker factory exists. 2.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge is a sumpy, split brick or clinker factory free of dust, the binding agent is cement, the cement is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing, the water is added. 3.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge is a sumpy, split brick or clinker factory free of dust, the binding agent is cement, the aggregate of which is premixed with some of the water Cement is mixed in and finally the remaining water is mixed in. 4.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge Soaked, split brick or brickwork that is essentially free of dust. Clinker works, the binding agent is cement, the cement is mixed with the water and the premix is added to the aggregate. 5.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge Soaked, split, free of dust fractions or brick or. Clinker factory is the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the binding agent is the aggregate dry is added and after mixing the water is added is. 6.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge is a sumpy, split brick or clinker factory free of dust, the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the aggregate that with one Part of the water is mixed with pre-mixed binding agent and finally the rest Water is mixed in. 7.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one surcharge, characterized in that the surcharge Sumped, split brick or brickwork that is essentially free of dust. Clinker works, the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the binding agent is premixed with the water and the premix is added to the aggregate. 8.) Mixture according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the mixture or the surcharge additionally crushed natural stones and / or a Share of washed sand and / or crushed artificial stones and / or fillers and / or at least one Share of at least one electrically conductive Material and / or at least a portion of at least one sound-absorbing material having. 9.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binder from 3.5 parts of Dykerhoff cement 4 parts of sand with a grain size of O - 2 mm ( washed), and the proportion of split brickwork consists of 1 room part of the Grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 space parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 space parts of the Grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, the water content being about a volume and before processing the mixture 1.5 percent by volume of known flow agent based on the amount of cement added 10) mixture according to claim 9, characterized characterized in that the three parts of the space have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 11.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binder from 1 room part Trier lime, 2.5 room parts Dykerhoff cement 3 room parts sand der Grain size 0 to 2 mmm (washed) consists, and the proportion of split brickwork from 2 spatial parts of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 spatial parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, with the water content approximately a volume fraction and 1.5 percent by volume of the mixture before processing known superplasticizers are added based on the amount of cement. 11 'mixture according to claim 10, characterized in that the three Parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 12.) Mixture for the production of coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binder the end 1.5 room parts Trier Kalk, 2 room parts Dykerhoff-Zemnt 4 Parts of the sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mm (washed) consists, and the proportion of Split brickwork from 0.5 volume parts with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 0.5 volume parts the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, wherein the water content is about one volume and the mixture before processing 1.5 percent by volume of known superplasticizer based on the amount of cement added are. 13.) Mixture according to claim 12, characterized in that the three Parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 14.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binder and at least one surcharge and that the surcharge is split Brick or clinker works, the binder is cement, and that the mixture from the split brick or tile mixed with the premix of cement and water Clinker factory exists. 15.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one aggregate and that aggregate sumped, split brick or brickwork free of dust Clinker works is the binding agent Cement is, the cement is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing the water is mixed in. 16.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge consists of sumped, The binding agent is split brickwork or clinker brickwork that is free of dust Cement is the aggregate of cement premixed with some of the water is mixed in and finally the remaining water is mixed in. 17.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge consists of sumped, Split brickworks or clinker brickworks that are essentially free of dust is, the binder is cement, the cement is premixed with the water and the premix is added to the bid. 18) molded body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, split brick or brickwork free of dust Clinker works is the binding agent is a mixture of cement and lime, the binder is dry mixed with the aggregate and after mixing the water is added. 19) molded body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, The binding agent is split brickwork or clinker brickwork that is free of dust is a mixture of cement and lime, the surcharge is that with part of the water premixed binder is added and then the remaining water is added is. 20) molded body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one surcharge, the surcharge is sumped, split, essentially free of dust fractions or brick. Clinker factory is that The binder is a mixture of cement and lime, the binder with the water is premixed and the premix is added to the aggregate. 21.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least consists of a binder and at least one aggregate, the mixture or the aggregate additionally crushed natural stones and / or a portion of washed sand and / or crushed artificial stones and / or at least a portion of at least one electrically conductive material and / or at least a portion of at least one sound-absorbing material Material. 22.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binder and at least one aggregate, the binder of 3.5 Room parts Dykerhoff cement 4 room parts sand with a grain size of 0 - 2 mm (washed ), and the proportion of split brickwork consists of 1 volume part of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 volume parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 volume parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, where the water content is about a volume and before 1.5 percent by volume of the known flow agent related to the mixture attached to the amount of cement 23.) Shaped body according to claim 22, characterized in that the three parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 24.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binding agent from 1 room part Trier lime, 2.5 room parts Dykerhoff cement 3 room parts Sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mmm (washed) consists, and the proportion of split Brickworks from 2 parts of the grain size 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm consists of 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, with the water content about a volume fraction and before processing the mixture 1.5 percent by volume per se known superplasticizers are added based on the amount of cement. 25.) Shaped body according to claim 24, characterized in that the three parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 26) molded body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binding agent from 1.5 parts of Trier Kalk, 2 parts of Dykerhoff-Zemnt 4 Parts of the sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mm (washed) consists, and the proportion of Split brickwork from 0.5 volume parts with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 0.5 volume parts the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm, wherein the proportion of water is about a volume proportion and before the processing of the mixture 1.5 percent by volume of known superplasticizer based on the amount of cement added are. 27.) Shaped body according to claim 26, characterized in that the three parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 28.) Process for the production of stationary coverings and moldings, in particular panels made from a mixture consisting of water and at least one binding agent and at least one surcharge, characterized in that to achieve a wear-resistant The surface of the binding agent consists of 1 part of Trier Kalk, 2.5 parts of Dykerhoff - Cement 3 parts by volume of sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mmm (washed) is mixed and the proportion of split brickwork from 2 parts of the room with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 3 parts of the grain size 3 mm - 16 mm is added, a water content of about one volume is added and before processing the mixture 1.5 volume percent per se known superplasticizer based on the amount of cement is added and the mixture vibrates the coverings, or the plates or the moldings is processed and that after after setting the surface produced except for the wear-resistant layer of accumulated Binder glue and fine particles are sanded off. 29.) Shaped body according to claim 28, characterized in that the three parts of the room have a grain size of 8 mm - 16 mm. 30.) Method for applying the mixture produced according to one of the 1 to 12 and 23 on a substrate, characterized in that the mixture is applied to the substrate by means of a pump is sprayed on 31) Method according to claim 28, characterized in that that a flow agent is added to the mixture. 32.) Process for the production of moldings from the produced Mixture according to claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the mixture in Molds are introduced and formed under pressure to form the moldings. 33.) Process for the production of moldings from the produced Mixture according to claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the mixture by means of Injection molding machines are molded into the molded bodies. 34.) Process for the production of moldings from the produced Mixture according to Claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the mixture forms mass strands is extruded and the mass strands are divided into the molded bodies. 35.) molded body or covering according to claim 28, characterized in that that the shaped body (8) or covering has at least one zone (8 ') of accumulated Has binder glue and fine material fractions and sanded down into this zone is. 36.) Shaped body according to claim 28, characterized in that the Molded body consists of two layers of the mixture and that both layers are one Have a zone of accumulated binder glue and fines and up to are ground in this zone. 37.) Shaped body according to one of claims 1 to 12 and 33, characterized characterized in that the shaped body has at least three layers of two different Has mixtures and that the two outer layers to form a wear-resistant Surface have a zone of accumulated binder glue and fine material fractions and sanded down to this zone. 38.) Shaped body according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that that to increase the surface strength of the surface by an applied Aida-Kiesol solution is mineralized and hydrophobized. 39.) Shaped body according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that to increase the surface strength, the surface is covered with an acrylic siloxane film having. 40.) Shaped body according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that the molded body is a stone and the end faces for mortar fillets (10) or without displacement spaces (11). 41.) Shaped body according to one of claims 14 to 26, 35 to 39, characterized characterized in that the shaped body is a hollow body and openings for introduction of heat- and / or sound-insulating and / or breathable filling material. 42) Shaped body according to claim 41, characterized in that the filling material is a mixture of sand and / or loam and / or swellable substances. 43.) Shaped body according to claim 42, characterized in that the swell capable substances are grain, wood, straw and the like. 44.) Shaped body according to one of claims 41 to 43, characterized in that that the shaped body arranged in the grid openings for introducing lances for comprises injecting the fillers. 45.) Mixture for producing coverings and / or moldings, in particular with surface grinding for the construction industry, consisting of water, at least one Binder and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binder from 0 to 1.5 parts of Trier Kalk, per up to 3.5 parts of Dykerhoff-Zemnt 0.5 up to 1 parts of space consists of sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mm (washed), and the proportion on split brickworks from 0.5 to 2 spatial parts with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 to 4 volume parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 0 to 3 volume parts of the grain size 8 mm - 16 mm, with the water content being about a volume and before the Apply 1.5 percent by volume to the mixture based on known superplasticizers attached to the amount of cement. 46.) Shaped body, in particular plate for the construction industry, thereby characterized in that the shaped body consists of a set mixture of water, at least a binding agent and at least one aggregate, characterized in that the binder from 0 to 1.5 parts by volume Trier Kalk, d / 22 to 3.5 parts by volume Dykerhoff-Zemnt 0.5 to 4 parts by volume of sand with a grain size of 0 to 2 mm (washed), and the Share of split brickworks from 0.5 to 2 spatial parts with a grain size of 0.35 mm - 2 mm 2 to 1 volume parts of the grain size 2 mm - 8 mm 0 to 3 volume parts of the grain size 8 mm - 16 mm, with the water content being about a volume and above the processing of the mixture based on 1.5 percent by volume of known flow agent attached to the amount of cement. 47.) Shaped body according to one of claims 41 to 44, characterized in that that the hollow molded body has at least one core (19) made of wood and the The core is visibly flush with the opposite end faces.