DE355107C - Process to prevent the ignition of easily flammable objects and to suffocate people - Google Patents
Process to prevent the ignition of easily flammable objects and to suffocate peopleInfo
- Publication number
- DE355107C DE355107C DEE22950D DEE0022950D DE355107C DE 355107 C DE355107 C DE 355107C DE E22950 D DEE22950 D DE E22950D DE E0022950 D DEE0022950 D DE E0022950D DE 355107 C DE355107 C DE 355107C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- prevent
- ignition
- ammonium bromide
- easily flammable
- flammable objects
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- -1 wooden objects Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Entzündung leicht brennbarer Gegenstände und zur Erstickung von Bränden. Zur Verhinderung der Entflammung leicht brennbarer Substanzen, insbesondere von Baumwoll- und Papiergeweben, Gegenständen aus Holz, Stroh usw. sind bereits eine große Anzahl von Substanzen empfohlen worden, welche mehr oder weniger die Brennbarkeit dieser Stoffe herabzusetzen geeignet sind.Method of preventing the ignition of highly flammable objects and for suffocating fires. Easily combustible to prevent ignition Substances, especially from cotton and paper fabrics, wooden objects, Straw, etc., a large number of substances have already been recommended which are more or less suitable to reduce the flammability of these substances.
Diese Flammenschutzmittel wirken teils dadurch, daß sie die leicht brennbaren Stoffe mit einem schmelzbaren Überzug versehen, welcher die Fortpflanzung der Flammen verhindert, teils dadurch, daß sie bei der Einwirkung der Flammen Gase entwickeln, welche den Zutritt von Sauerstoff verhindern und hierdurch die Flammen ersticken. Die ersteren Flammenschutzmittel (wie beispielsweise die Kieselsäure, Phosphorsäure, Wolframsäure, Borsäure und Alkalien, oder die Metallsalze, wie Chlorzink, Kupfersulfat usw.) besitzen den Übelstand, daß sie die Gewebefasern inkrustieren, sie stark beschweren und die Geschmeidigkeit ungünstig beeinflussen, da sie auf die Gewebefasern wie auf die Farbstoffe gefärbter Gewebe ungünstig einwirken. Bei der zweiten Klasse ist die Wirkung im allgemeinen eine ungenügende, da sie auf der Abspaltung der gasförmigen Komponenten (wie Ammoniak, Kohlensäure, schwefliger Säure usw.) beruhen und nach Beendigung der Abspaltung dieser gasförmigen Komponenten, welche im allgemeinen nur einen Bruchteil des Gesamtgewichtes der Salze ausmachen, vollkommen aufhört. Abgesehen davon haben sich sämtliche bisher bekannten flammenwidrigen Körper als ungenügend erwiesen, wenn es sich darum handelt, Doppelschichten, die aus einem Gewebe und einem mehr oder weniger brennbaren Überzug bestehen, vor der Entflammung zu schützen, da selbst ein wenig brennbares Gewebe (wie beispielsweise Leinen), wenn es mit einer ebenfalls wenig brennbaren Schicht (wie Gummi oder Acetylcellulose) überzogen wird, vermutlich infolge Kontaktwirkung, eine außerordentlich starke Brennbarkeit erlangt, welche durch keine der bisher bekannten Flammenschutzmittel aufgehoben werden kann - wenigstens nicht, wenn diese nicht in sehr störenden bzw. die Verwendung unmöglich machenden Konzentrationen und Gewichtsmengen aufgebracht werden.These flame retardants work partly by the fact that they are light flammable substances are provided with a fusible coating, which enables them to reproduce the flames are prevented, partly by the fact that they produce gases when the flames act develop, which prevent the entry of oxygen and thereby the flames suffocate. The former flame retardants (such as silica, Phosphoric acid, tungstic acid, boric acid and alkalis, or the metal salts such as zinc chloride, Copper sulfate etc.) have the disadvantage that they encrust the tissue fibers, they weigh heavily and have an unfavorable effect on the suppleness, since they are on the fabric fibers have an unfavorable effect on the dyestuffs of dyed fabrics. at the effect of the second class is generally insufficient, since it is based on the Separation of the gaseous components (such as ammonia, carbonic acid, sulphurous acid etc.) and after the elimination of these gaseous components has ended, which generally only make up a fraction of the total weight of the salts, completely stops. Apart from that, all previously known flame-retardant Body proved inadequate when it comes to bilayers that consist of a fabric and a more or less flammable coating before To protect against inflammation, as even a little flammable fabric (such as Linen), if it is covered with a layer that is also less flammable (such as rubber or acetyl cellulose) is covered, presumably as a result of the contact effect, an extremely high degree of flammability obtained which none of the previously known flame retardants repealed can be - at least not if this is not very disruptive or the use Impossible concentrations and amounts by weight can be applied.
Dieser Übelstand hat sich besonders gezeigt bei der üblichen Lackierungsmethode von Flugzeugtragflächen mit Acetatlacken, da es bisher nicht gelungen ist, die Brennbarkeit dieser Doppelschichten, welche gegenüber der Brennbarkeit des einfachen Leinens um das Vielfache erhöht ist, zu beseitigen.This drawback was particularly evident in the case of the usual painting method of aircraft wings with acetate paints, since it has not yet been possible to reduce the flammability these double layers, which oppose the flammability of simple linen increased by a multiple.
Ich habe nun gefunden, daß sich als Flammenschutzmittel in ganz hervorragender Weise das Ammoniumbromid eignet, und zwar deshalb, weil es im Gegensatz zu allen `bisher bekannten Flammenschutzmitteln nicht nur an sich flammenwidrig wirkt; sondern bei der Erhitzung Gase entwickelt, welche in ganz außergewöhnlichem Grade flammenerstickend wirken, Im Gegensatz zu den übrigen Ammoniumsalzen, welche bekanntlich Ammoniak abspalten, entsteht hierbo'i kein Ämmoniak, sondern Zersetzungsprodukte ;unbekannter Natur, welche sämtlich diese Wirkünü 'besitzen, so daß also nicht nur die Ammoniak-Komponenten, «-elche nur ungefähr 1/" des Gesamtgewichtes ausmachen, sondern das Gesamtmolekül in vergastem Zustande flammenerstickend wirkt.I have now found it to be quite excellent as a flame retardant Way the ammonium bromide is suitable, namely because it is contrary to all `Previously known flame retardants are not only flame retardant in themselves; but when heated, gases evolve which are extremely extinguishant act, in contrast to the other ammonium salts, which is known If ammonia is split off, there is no ammonia, but decomposition products ; of unknown nature, all of which have this effect, so that not only the ammonia components, which only make up about 1 / "of the total weight, but the entire molecule in the gasified state has a flame-suffocating effect.
Diese Wirkung ist auch gegenüber d.em nächst verwandten Ammoniumsalz, dem Ammoniumchlorid, eine ganz unerwartet höhere, denn während beispielsweise- eine mit einer .2o prozentigen Ammoniumchloridlösung imprägnierte Papierschicht mit offener Flamme brennt, genügt bereits eine Imprägnierung mit einer 5prozentigen Ammoniumbromidlösung, um die Flammen vollkommen zu ersticken. Infolgedessen können auch die Lösungen des Ammoniumbromid mit feinkörnigen Substanzen (wie beispielsweise Sägemehl oder Kieselgur) gemischt, direkt flammenerstickend oder -verhindernd wirken, und können die Lösungen bzw. die feinkörnigen oder pulvrigen Substanzen, welche mit Ammoniumbromid getränkt oder gemischt sind, direkt als Feuerschutz- und Löschmittel benützt werden.This effect is also compared to the next related ammonium salt, the ammonium chloride, a quite unexpectedly higher one, because during, for example, a Paper layer impregnated with a .2o percent ammonium chloride solution with an open If the flame burns, impregnation with a 5 percent ammonium bromide solution is sufficient, to completely smother the flames. As a result, the solutions of the Ammonium bromide with fine-grained substances (such as sawdust or kieselguhr) mixed, directly suffocate or prevent flames, and the solutions can or the fine-grained or powdery substances which are soaked with ammonium bromide or mixed, can be used directly as fire protection and extinguishing agents.
Insbesondere lassen sich die letzteren zum Schutze von Waren in Vorratsräumen oder Transportmitteln verwenden, indem man bei-:@.pielsweise in einem Eisenbahnwagen oder in Schiffsräumen die Waren mit Sägemehl be--treut, welches mit Ammoniumbromid ge-Lränkt ist. Im Falle eines Brandes wird dieses dann feuererstickende Gase in solcher Menge entwickeln, daß der Brand sich nicht fortpflanzen kann.In particular, the latter can be used to protect goods in storage rooms or use a means of transport by typing in -: @. in a railroad car or in ship's holds the goods are looked after with sawdust, the other with ammonium bromide is restricted. In the event of a fire, this is then emitted by extinguishing gases develop so much that the fire cannot propagate.
Naturgemäß kann man das Ammoniumbromid auch mit anderen Feuerschutzmittehi gleichzeitig anwenden, um hierdurch die Wirkung derselben zu verstärken, was insbesondere auch für diejenigen Produkte gilt, welche dazu verwendet werden, um das Mündungsfeuer der Geschütze zu verhindern bzw. zu verringern.Of course, the ammonium bromide can also be used with other fire protection agents apply at the same time in order to increase the effect of the same, which in particular also applies to those products which are used to fire the muzzle flash to prevent or reduce the number of guns.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEE22950D DE355107C (en) | 1918-02-15 | 1918-02-15 | Process to prevent the ignition of easily flammable objects and to suffocate people |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEE22950D DE355107C (en) | 1918-02-15 | 1918-02-15 | Process to prevent the ignition of easily flammable objects and to suffocate people |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE355107C true DE355107C (en) | 1922-06-20 |
Family
ID=7070935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEE22950D Expired DE355107C (en) | 1918-02-15 | 1918-02-15 | Process to prevent the ignition of easily flammable objects and to suffocate people |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE355107C (en) |
-
1918
- 1918-02-15 DE DEE22950D patent/DE355107C/en not_active Expired
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