DE3539149A1

DE3539149A1 - Process for the manufacture of porous clay building materials

Info

Publication number: DE3539149A1
Application number: DE19853539149
Authority: DE
Inventors: Peter Voelskow
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: VOELSKOW, PETER, 7869 AITERN, DE
Priority date: 1985-11-05
Filing date: 1985-11-05
Publication date: 1987-05-07
Also published as: DE3539149C2

Abstract

A process for the manufacture of porous clay building materials using finely comminuted biomass such as bark, wood waste or domestic garbage as a material which undergoes gasification during the firing process and leaves pores in the fired clay, comprising the following process steps: a) the biomass is coked after separating out any iron and, if necessary, coarse pre-comminution or homogenisation, b) the low temperature coke is comminuted to an edge length of around, or less than, 4 mm, mixed with moist clay (loam or lean (?)) clay), and the mixture shaped into the desired articles, c) the articles are dried and fired in the conventional manner, with the low temperature carbonization gas from the initial coking being used as additional fuel for the firing furnace, and d) the waste gas (flue gas) from the furnace is used for coking the biomass. s

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösen Tonbaustoffen wie poröse Ton-Ziegelsteine oder poröse Leichtbeton-Zuschlagstoffe aus gebranntem Ton.The invention relates to a method for producing porous clay building materials such as porous clay bricks or porous lightweight concrete aggregates made of fired clay.

Bei der Herstellung derartiger Baustoffe wird dem feuchten Ton feinkörnige organische Substanz z. B. Styropor-Körner oder fein zerkleinerte Rinde, Sägespäne etc. untermischt. Nach der Formgebung wird das Gemisch getrocknet und gebrannt und beim vergasen die organischen "Körner" und bilden die gewünschten Poren im gebrannten Ton.In the manufacture of such building materials, the damp Clay fine-grained organic substance z. B. Styrofoam grains or finely shredded bark, sawdust etc. After shaping, the mixture is dried and fired and when gasifying the organic "grains" and form the desired pores in the fired clay.

Der Ersatz des vielfach verwendeten Styropors durch Biomasse, insbesondere Abfälle wie Rinde, Holzabfälle und vor allem Hausmüll ist jedoch problematisch durch den sehr großen Zerkleinerungsaufwand und die Schwierigkeit im wesentlichen kubische Kleinteile zu erzeugen. Zerkleinerte Biomasse hat praktisch immer eine faserige Struktur, die weniger gut zur Porenbildung geeignet ist.The replacement of the widely used styrofoam by biomass, especially waste such as bark, wood waste and household waste, however, is problematic due to the very large size and the difficulty to produce essentially cubic small parts. Shredded Biomass practically always has a fibrous structure, which is less suitable for pore formation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein wirtschaftliches Zerkleinerungsverfahren zu finden dessen Zerkleinerungsprodukt für das Verfahren einsetzbar ist.The object of the invention is an economical comminution process to find its crushing product can be used for the process.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe nach den Patentansprüchen.The invention solves the problem according to the claims.

Der wesentliche Vorteil des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß die Zerkleinerung einer verkohlten Biomasse wie etwa Holzkohle einen winzigen Bruchteil des Energieaufwandes und der Verschleißkosten erfordert wie vor der Verkokung, daß der spröde Schwelkoks im wesentlichen kubische, feinkörnige Zerkleinerungsprodukte bildet und daß der Schwelkoks auch beim Brennprozess des Tons vergast und Poren bildet.The main advantage of the method is that crushing a charred biomass such as charcoal a tiny fraction of the energy expenditure and the cost of wear, as before the coking, requires that the brittle Schwelkoks essentially cubic, fine-grained Shredding products and that of the smoked coke also gasifies during the burning process of the clay and forms pores.

Durch die Vorwegnahme der Entgasung bzw. Verkokung, die nach dem Stand der Technik auch erst beim Brennprozess geschieht, entsteht kein Wärmeverlust, wenn das Schwelgas als Zusatzbrennstoff für den Brennofen genutzt wird.By anticipating the degassing or coking that according to the state of the art, it only happens during the firing process, there is no heat loss when the carbonization gas is used as an additional fuel for the kiln.

Claims

1. A process for the production of porous clay building materials using finely comminuted biomass such as bark, wood waste or household waste as a material that gasifies during the firing process and then forms pores in the fired clay, which is mixed with the moist clay before it is shaped, dried and fired, characterized by the following process steps :

a) the biomass is after an iron excretion and if necessary, rough comminution or homogenization coked,

b) the smoldering coke of the biomass is cut to an edge length crushed around or under 4 mm and with a moist clay, Lean clay, clay or the like mixed and to the desired Shaped parts,

c) the molded parts from the clay-smoked coke mixture burned in the usual way, the carbonization gas from the Coking according to 1. a) as additional fuel for the kiln is being used,

d) the exhaust gas (flue gas) from the furnace becomes Coking according to 1. a) of the biomass used.

2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1. a) characterized by a shaft reactor for coking the Biomass that is continuously filled with the biomass from above and through the exhaust gas in counterflow from below (Flue gas) of the kiln according to 1. d) and its lower end by a pre-shredder of the embrittled smoldering coke movable grate is completed.