DE3534965A1 - Fixing points of pipelines - Google Patents

Abstract

Fixing points of pipelines for hot or cold media are constructed in the form of mounting discs which are anchored in concrete, sand, gravel (grit, shingle), rock (stone) or earth. The pipelines consist of a metallic inner pipe (14), an outer pipe (16) made of plastic or Eternit and an insulating material (26) which fills the cavity between the pipes. The mounting disc (10), which projects out of the pipeline in the radial direction and is arranged coaxially at a distance from the inner pipe (14), is connected to a retaining ring (18) which rests tightly on the outer pipe (16) and expands on both sides in the axial direction. The mounting disc (10) is supported at the sides by two elastic pressure rings (28) which are resistant to a temperature of at least 200 DEG C and are thermally and electrically insulating. For their part, these pressures rings (28) are held by two opposing discs (32) which are welded to the inner pipe (14) and close off the annular cavity between the pipes. <IMAGE>

Description

Fixed points of pipelines

The invention relates to fixed points of pipelines for hot or cold media, in the form of anchored in concrete, sand, gravel, rock or soil Fastening washers, the pipelines being made of a metallic inner tube, a casing tube made of plastic or Eternit and a cavity between the Insulating materials fill the pipes.

Pipelines for hot and cold media, especially district heating lines, consist essentially of double-walled pipe elements that are joined together in sleeves are connected. In the event of temperature fluctuations, considerable expansions or Contractions that endanger the stability and operational safety of the pipeline network can. The sleeves that extend beyond the pipe circumference act naturally counteracts a displacement in the longitudinal action going beyond the pipe elements.

Since the pipe elements are relatively long, however, has already been It was shown early on that further measures must be taken, especially for District heating lines, which usually transport water, which under pressure a Has a temperature of about 1300 C.

In the CH-PS 533 271 a method for the assembly of pipes for a hot or a cold medium, according to which the lines open heated to a temperature above normal ambient temperature, or to a Cooled temperature below normal ambient temperature while keeping in the desired Position can be fixed. This process known as "pretensioning" however, it is disproportionately expensive to use, especially when it is long Overland lines.

In FR-PS 2 432 668 fastening devices with clamping jaws are used proposed, which are pressed onto the pipe by means of a pull rod. The massive trained clamping jaws are made of cement or concrete and act at the same time as hold-down of the line. These two-part clamping jaws need further an elastic tensioner and seem more for cable lines or for Lines with goods transported at ambient temperature than for transportation to be suitable for hot or cold media.

There are also fixed points on pipelines for hot or cold media known, in which a metal disc protruding radially out of the pipeline is welded to the inner tube made of steel. This solution also has significant disadvantages: - There is a thermal short circuit between the medium being transported in contact with the metallic inner pipe and the fixed point of the pipeline surrounding material, e.g. concrete or soil. This causes significant heat losses inevitable.

- The metallic fastening washer, usually made of steel is not in the outer area from the surrounding material, for example from the soil electrically isolated. This means that stray or stray currents can reach the inner tube be directed.

- # The high outside temperature of the mounting washer In addition to heat losses from the pipeline system, the fastening washer corrodes faster. Finally, if the fastening disc is set in concrete - the dissipated heat provokes premature cracking in the concrete will.

The inventors have therefore set themselves the task of establishing fixed points of To create pipelines of the type mentioned at the beginning, which dilatations or contractions in the longitudinal direction of the pipelines effectively prevent a long service life do not have a damaging effect on the environment or damage it prematurely and are also inexpensive and easy to repair.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a radial direction protruding from the pipeline, arranged coaxially at a distance from the inner tube Fastening washer, which rests snugly on the jacket pipe, on both sides axially expanding retaining ring connected and laterally by two elastic, Resistant to temperatures of at least 2000 C, thermally and electrically insulating pressure rings is supported, in turn by two with the inner tube welded counter-disks closing off the annular cavity between the tubes are held.

In practice, they are usually 2 - 4 m apart on both sides of the fixed points sleeves attached. The pipeline is held in place by the fixed points and sliding areas.

The annular cavities between the metallic one are expedient Inner tube and the jacket tube also in the area of the fixed points by means of a bushing connected with each other. For this purpose the fastening washer has pressure rings and the counter washers at least a straight passage or a hole. Preferred at least two penetrations are provided for each fixed point. In the bushings a tube is preferably inserted that protrude from the counter disks on both sides can and supports the mounting washer and pressure rings. However, it must by no means a thermal bridge is formed between the fastening disc and the counter discs will. That's why is the pipe inserted into the bushings preferably made of a mechanically stable, at temperatures up to 2000 C resistant, non-thermally conductive material, in particular from 1 made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or from an epoxy resin. If this pipe is made of steel, the Prevention of the transfer of electricity and heat into the fastening disc is guaranteed e.g. by arranging a thermal and electrical insulation layer.

For manufacturing reasons, the bushings run with it the tube preferably in the axial direction. The bushings are used for pulling in a known moisture detector, which detects any leaks in the outer or inner pipe appeals to. Foaming of the cavities is also made easier.

In the case of district heating pipes in particular, the inner pipe, the fastening disc, the retaining ring and the counter washers are preferably made of stainless steel or copper.

While the inner pipe moves continuously from socket to socket of the pipeline elements extends, the jacket pipe runs from fixed point to fixed point, from socket to socket or from socket to fixed point. It is placed over the counter panes and normally pokes to the pressure rings. The jacket pipe is therefore in the area of the pressure rings at every fixed point and the fastening washer interrupted. High density polyethylene (HDPE) or Polypropylene (PP) is particularly suitable as a material for the jacket pipe.

The retaining ring engaged with the jacket tube extends preferably on both sides beyond the opposing panes. Depending on its material the retaining ring is welded, soldered or glued to the fastening disc.

Since in practice mostly both elements are made of steel they are expediently welded to one another.

For chemical and physical reasons (corrosion and stray or stray currents), the transition area from the jacket pipe to the retaining ring is preferably covered with a shrink film, which is usually about 1 - 3 mm thick. These Function could in principle also from a sprayed or applied protective layer be taken over. However, handling would be more complicated than applying one Shrink film. This consists of known plastics, such as radiation cross-linked Polyethylene.

The pressure rings which give the fastening disc lateral support with an elasticity, albeit a low one, preferably consist of a known one glass fiber reinforced plastic, for example from epoxy resin, or from an epoxy resin alone. Any displacement of the mounting washer or the pressure rings in radial directions Direction is prevented by the pipes installed in the bushings.

The cavity extending between the inner tube and the jacket tube is expediently filled with a polyurethane foam (PUR) that is produced in situ has been.

The inventive arrangement with fixed points of pipelines for hot or cold media has the following advantages in particular: the interior the pipeline and the surrounding material, e.g. concrete or the ground, are thermally separated. The outside of the fastening washer therefore has one wes-e-etl-ich ge-1 ~ e-- £ 4> # - # ok ## * e- uL transport of coolants) temperature than the transported medium, which allows significantly lower heat losses and leads to less corrosion in district heating.

--Thanks to the mechanical separation of the steel inner tube from the Fixing washer and its elastic side Support are the thermomechanical stresses on the pipeline and the anchorage humiliated.

- The material surrounding the pipeline and the metallic inner pipe are electrically separated, so no stray currents can enter the metallic Get inside tube.

Despite the significant improvements, the outside diameter is the fixed points according to the invention not larger than in the far less advantageous ones known solutions.

The invention is based on the closest prior art and one showing a particularly favorable embodiment according to the invention Example explained in more detail. The partially cut-open partial views in the longitudinal direction of the pipelines show the closest prior art in FIG. 1, and FIG in - Fig. 2 a pipeline with an insulated fastening disc.

According to Fig. 1, the fastening disk 10 is made with the aid of weld seams 12 attached directly to the inner tube 14.

The fastening washer and inner tube are made of steel. The fastening washer 10 reaches through the jacket tube 16 and is with the holding ring that rests on it 18 welded over seams 20. The jacket pipe 16 is in the area of ## fes-t-igt # gs-sc-h ## be 10 interrupted w ~ at --- cs Fir4i-ti £ this disc hits.

The end areas of the steel retaining ring 18 are each provided with a shrink film 22 coated, which prevents the ingress of moisture between the jacket pipe 16 and the retaining ring 18 prevented.

The fastening disc (10) is provided with a passage 24, which separates the cavity between the inner tube 14 and the jacket pipe 16 connects and allows the entry of a moisture detector. the Cavities are filled with polyurethane foam 26.

Fig. 1 shows the disadvantages of the most obvious one previously enumerated State of the art very clear, especially the thermal and electrical Short circuit between the metallic inner tube 14 and the one surrounding the pipeline Material, e.g. concrete foundations or the ground.

The one illustrative embodiment according to the present invention Fig. 2 clearly shows how the fastening washer 10 from the metallic inner tube 14 is spatially separated. As a result, neither a thermal nor an electrical A short circuit occurs between the fastening disc and the inner tube.

Counter disks 32 made of steel are inextricably linked with weld seams 30 attached to the inner tube 14. Between these counter disks 32 and the fastening disk 10, the pressure rings 28 made of glass fiber reinforced plastic are arranged.

The pipe, which is also made of fiberglass-reinforced plastic 34 reaches through the counter disks 32, the pressure rings 28 and the fastening disk 10 in the axial direction.

This pipe 34 connects on the one hand those on both sides of the fixed point L-lying cavities between - ##### * - and-jacket pipe and on the other hand supports the Fastening disk 10 and the pressure rings 28 in the radial direction. Over the entire Perimeter of the pipeline there are 2-6 pipes 34 per fixed point.

The shrink film 22 is in the region of the transition from the jacket tube 16 arranged to the retaining ring 18. As a result, the fixed point is at its most delicate on the whole Additional protection against the ingress of moisture.

Finally, a wall sleeve 36 made of neoprene is shown in FIG. 2, which the interrupted in the area of the fastening disc 10 and the pressure rings 28 Includes jacket tube.

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Claims (10)

Claims 1. 1 Fixed points of pipelines for hot or cold media, in the form of fastening disks anchored in concrete, sand, gravel, rock or soil, whereby the pipelines from a metallic inner tube (14), a jacket tube (16) Plastic or Eternit and an insulating material filling the cavity between the pipes (26), characterized by one in the radial direction out of the pipeline protruding fastening washer arranged coaxially at a distance from the inner tube (14) (10), which rests snugly on the jacket tube (16) on both sides in axially expanding retaining ring (18) connected and laterally by two elastic, Resistant to temperatures of at least 2000 C, thermally and electrically insulating pressure rings (28) is supported, in turn by two with the inner tube (14) welded, closing the annular cavity between the tubes Counter disks (32) are supported. 2. Fixed point according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening disc (10), the pressure rings (28) and the counter disks (32) of at least two straight Bushings are penetrated into which the counter washers (3-2t the fasteners ig-ungs-washer-- (i # Y non-thermally conductive connecting pipe (34), preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, is introduced. 3. Fixed point according to claim 2, characterized in that the tube (34) runs in the axial direction. 4. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that that the inner tube (14), the fastening disc (10), the retaining ring (18) and / or the counter disks (32) are made of steel, preferably stainless steel, or copper. 5. Fixed point according to claim 4, characterized in that the fastening disc (10) and the retaining ring (18) are welded to one another. 6. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that that the jacket tube (16), slipped over the counter disks (32), in the area of the pressure rings (28) and the fastening disc (10) is interrupted and preferably made of high density Made of polyethylene or polypropylene. 7. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that that the retaining ring (18) extends in the axial direction over the counter disks (32) extends beyond. 8. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that that the area of the transition from the jacket tube (16) to the retaining ring (18) with a Shrink film (22) made of plastic, which is preferably made of about 1-3 mm thick radiation-crosslinked Polyethylene is made, is covered. 9. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 8, characterized in that that the pressure rings (28) made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic or an epoxy resin exist.n. = 10. Fixed point according to one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that that the annular - cavity between the inner (14) and jacket tube (16) with Polyurethane foam (26) is filled.