DE3531511C1 - Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard - Google Patents

Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard

Info

Publication number
DE3531511C1
DE3531511C1 DE19853531511 DE3531511A DE3531511C1 DE 3531511 C1 DE3531511 C1 DE 3531511C1 DE 19853531511 DE19853531511 DE 19853531511 DE 3531511 A DE3531511 A DE 3531511A DE 3531511 C1 DE3531511 C1 DE 3531511C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
television
picture frequency
standard
television signals
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19853531511
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Andreas Dipl-Ing Ebner
Gerhard Dipl-Ing Holoch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH filed Critical Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH
Priority to DE19853531511 priority Critical patent/DE3531511C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3531511C1 publication Critical patent/DE3531511C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/01Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0135Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving interpolation processes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/01Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0102Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving the resampling of the incoming video signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/01Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0135Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving interpolation processes
    • H04N7/014Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving interpolation processes involving the use of motion vectors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

To convert the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard, it is proposed that the picture frequency of the television signals of the first television standard should be doubled before conversion. This is done by interpolating an intermediate picture from in each case two successive half-pictures. The doubled picture frequency is then converted to the picture frequency of the television signals of the second television standard partly by omitting intermediate or half-pictures, and partly by interpolation of intermediate pictures and neighbouring half-pictures, in a sequence which corresponds to the ratio of the doubled picture frequency and the picture frequency to be generated.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist unter der Bezeichnung "ACE" bzw. "DICE" bekannt (The Royal Television Society Journal Sept./Okt. 1974, DICE: the first intercontinental digital standards converter; IBA Technical Review September 1976, Digital Standards Conversion).The invention relates to a method according to the Preamble of claim 1. Such a method is known as "ACE" or "DICE" (The Royal Television Society Journal Sept./Oct. 1974, DICE: the first intercontinental digital standards converter; IBA Technical Review September 1976, Digital standards conversion).

Bei der bekannten Normwandlung von Fernsehsignalen, z. B. NTSC-Signale in PAL-Signale, wird die Bild­ wechselfrequenz von z. B. 60 Hz direkt in die gewünsch­ te Bildwechselfrequenz von z. B. 50 Hz umgesetzt. Hier­ bei treten deutlich sichtbare Störeffekte auf, wie das unregelmäßige Springen von Übergängen (Kanten) des Bildinhalts, was in der englischsprachigen Literatur als "Judder" bezeichnet wird. Ursache hierfür ist die niedrige Intermodulationsfrequenz (Judderfrequenz) von 10 Hz im Falle der Umwandlung der obengenannten Bild­ wechselfrequenzen. Da das Auge besonders empfindlich auf Frequenzen von 10 Hz reagiert, werden derartige Störungen als sehr unangenehm wahrgenommen. With the known standard conversion of television signals, e.g. B. NTSC signals in PAL signals, the picture alternating frequency of z. B. 60 Hz directly into the desired te frame rate of z. B. 50 Hz implemented. Here with clearly visible interference effects, such as the irregular jumping of transitions (edges) of the Image content, what in the English language literature is called "Judder". The reason for this is the low intermodulation frequency (judder frequency) of 10 Hz in case of conversion of the above picture alternating frequencies. Because the eye is particularly sensitive reacted to frequencies of 10 Hz, such Disorders perceived as very uncomfortable.  

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, bei einem Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art Judderstörungen zu verringern.The object of the invention is one Procedure of the type of judder disorders mentioned at the beginning to reduce.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kenn­ zeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the kenn Drawing features of claim 1 solved.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous further developments of the invention Procedure can be found in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher er­ läutert. Es zeigtThe invention is based on the drawings, he purifies. It shows

Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung für die Zuordnung der einzelnen Bilder bei einer Verdoppelung der eingangsseitigen Bildwechsel­ frequenz von 60 Hz auf 120 Hz und bei der nachfolgenden Umsetzung von 120 Hz nach 50 Hz, und Fig. 1 is a schematic representation for the assignment of the individual images with a doubling of the input image change frequency from 60 Hz to 120 Hz and in the subsequent implementation of 120 Hz to 50 Hz, and

Fig. 2 ein Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Schaltung zur Durchführung des erfindungs­ gemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a circuit for performing the inventive method.

In Fig. 1 ist die Zuordnung der einzelnen Bilder mit unterschiedlichen Bildwechselfrequenzen gezeigt. Als Ausgangs-Fernsehsignal dient ein NTSC-Signal mit 60 Hz Bildwechselfrequenz. Um erfindungsgemäß die Bildwech­ selfrequenz des Ausgangs-Fernsehsignals zu verdoppeln, wird zwischen jeweils zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Halb­ bildern des NTSC-Signals ein Zwischenbild eingefügt, welches im einfachsten Fall durch Mittelung der be­ nachbarten Halbbilder entsteht. Wesentlich ist hier­ bei, daß die neu erstellten Zwischenbilder hinsicht­ lich der Bewegung des Bildinhaltes möglichst genau interpoliert werden, um eine höhere Bewegungsauf­ lösung zu erzielen. Eine einfache Möglichkeit hierfür ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt. In Fig. 1, the allocation of the individual images is shown with different frame rates. An NTSC signal with a frame rate of 60 Hz is used as the output television signal. In order to double the frame rate of the output television signal according to the invention, an intermediate picture is inserted between two successive fields of the NTSC signal, which in the simplest case arises by averaging the adjacent fields. It is essential here that the newly created intermediate images are interpolated as precisely as possible with regard to the movement of the image content in order to achieve a higher movement resolution. A simple possibility for this is shown in FIG. 2.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verdoppelung der Bildwech­ selfrequenz des Ausgangs-Fernsehsignals ändert sich zwangsläufig die Intermodulationsfrequenz, z. B. im betrachteten Beispielsfall auf 20 Hz, also in einen Bereich in dem das Auge nicht mehr so empfindlich ist. Gleichzeitig mit der Verdoppelung der Intermodula­ tionsfrequenz wird die Amplitude der Intermodulations­ produkte verringert, womit sich eine bessere Störunter­ drückung ergibt. Um das Auftreten einer Intermodula­ tionsfrequenz ganz zu unterdrücken, müßte man die Bildwechselfrequenz auf das kleinste gemeinsame Viel­ fache (300 Hz) erhöhen; was zur Zeit jedoch nur mit technisch unvertretbarem Aufwand realisierbar ist.By doubling the image change according to the invention selfrequency of the output television signal changes necessarily the intermodulation frequency, e.g. B. in considered example at 20 Hz, i.e. in one Area in which the eye is no longer as sensitive. Simultaneously with the doubling of the intermodula tion frequency becomes the amplitude of the intermodulation products reduced, which results in better interference pressure results. To the appearance of an intermodula tion frequency to suppress completely, one would have to Frame rate to the smallest common lot increase (300 Hz); which currently only with technically unacceptable effort is realizable.

Ein Blockschaltbild einer Schaltung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zeigt Fig. 2. Die Schaltung enthält einen Halbbild- oder Vollbildspeicher 10, je nach dem, ob eine Normwandlung für eine Halbbild- oder Voll­ bildübertragung erforderlich ist. Im gezeigten Bei­ spielsfall wird das Eingangsfernsehsignal durch den Speicher 10 um ein Halbbild verzögert. Das Eingangs- und das Ausgangssignal des Speichers 10 werden zwecks linearer Interpolation in eine Addierstufe 20 addiert, um ein Zwischenbild zu gewinnen. Dieses Zwischenbild­ signal wird zusammen mit den Ein- und Ausgangssignalen des Speichers 10 einer Stufe 30 zugeführt, welche die Signalübergänge des Zwischenbildsignals versteilert, um auf diese Weise eine Rekonstruktion von Gegenstands­ kanten des Fernsehbildes im Sinn der oben erwähnten erhöhten Bewegungsauflösung zu erzielen. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a circuit for carrying out the method . The circuit contains a field or frame memory 10 , depending on whether a standard conversion is required for field or frame transmission. In the example shown, the input television signal is delayed by one field by the memory 10 . The input and output signals of the memory 10 are added to an adder 20 for linear interpolation to obtain an intermediate image. This intermediate image signal is fed together with the input and output signals of the memory 10 to a stage 30 , which the signal transitions of the intermediate image signal are increased in order to achieve a reconstruction of object edges of the television image in the sense of the above-mentioned increased motion resolution.

Dabei werden das Ein- und Ausgangssignal (Leitungs­ zweige 40 und 50) des Speichers 10 dazu benutzt, um die Lage der horizontalen und vertikalen Übergänge zu detektieren, was die lagerichtige Rekonstruktion der Kanten im linear interpolierten Zwischenbild erlaubt. Um noch exaktere Zwischenbilder zu erzeugen, kann der Aufwand zur linearen Interpolation noch erhöht werden, d. h., man wird die lineare Interpolation über mehrere Bilder des 60 Hz-Signals vornehmen, um jeweils ein Zwischenbild für das 120 Hz-Signal zu erstellen. Eine noch weitergehende Verbesserung wäre der Einsatz einer bewegungsabhängigen Interpolation durch Erstellen von Bewegungsvektoren mit nachfolgender entsprechender Lageverschiebung der Bilder.The input and output signal (line branches 40 and 50 ) of the memory 10 are used to detect the position of the horizontal and vertical transitions, which allows the correct reconstruction of the edges in the linearly interpolated intermediate image. In order to generate even more precise intermediate images, the effort for linear interpolation can be increased even further, ie linear interpolation is carried out over several images of the 60 Hz signal in order to create an intermediate image for the 120 Hz signal. A further improvement would be the use of a motion-dependent interpolation by creating motion vectors with subsequent corresponding shifting of the images.

Nach der Generierung der Zwischenbilder (Ausgang 60 der Stufe 30) erfolgt die Erzeugung des 120 Hz-Bild­ signals. Hierzu wird mit dem Umschalter S abwechselnd zwischen einem verzögerten, unbehandelten Halbbild des 60 Hz-Signals (Leitungszweig 50) und einem Zwi­ schenbild (Ausgang 60) mit einer Schaltfrequenz von 120 Hz umgeschaltet. Das so gewonnene 120 Hz-Signal wird einer Konvertierstufe 70 zugeführt, wo ent­ sprechend dem Schema gemäß Fig. 1 eine Umsetzung von 120 Hz auf 50 Hz Bildwechselfrequenz erfolgt. Wie aus dem Vergleich der mittleren und unteren Zeile von Fig. 1 hervorgeht, werden in einer Sequenz entsprechend dem Verhältnis 120 : 50 teils Zwischenbilder oder Halb­ bilder weggelassen, teils Zwischenbilder und benach­ barte Halbbilder linear interpoliert. Das so gewon­ nene 50 Hz-Signal am Ausgang der Stufe 70 enthält die erwähnte 20 Hz-Intermodulationsstörung, die auf­ grund der im Vergleich zu einer direkten 60 : 50 Hz-Um­ wandlung geringeren Amplitude und verdoppelten Frequenz vom menschlichen Auge wesentlich weniger wahrgenommen wird.After the generation of the intermediate images (output 60 of stage 30 ), the 120 Hz image signal is generated. For this purpose, the switch S alternately switches between a delayed, untreated field of the 60 Hz signal (line branch 50 ) and an intermediate image (output 60 ) with a switching frequency of 120 Hz. The 120 Hz signal obtained in this way is fed to a conversion stage 70 , where a conversion from 120 Hz to 50 Hz image change frequency takes place accordingly in accordance with the diagram according to FIG. 1. As can be seen from the comparison of the middle and lower lines in FIG. 1, in a sequence corresponding to the ratio 120:50, some intermediate images or fields are omitted, some intermediate images and neighboring fields are linearly interpolated. The 50 Hz signal so obtained at the output of stage 70 contains the above-mentioned 20 Hz intermodulation disturbance, which is perceived by the human eye much less due to the lower amplitude and doubled frequency compared to a direct 60:50 Hz conversion.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zum Umsetzen der Bildwechselfrequenz von Fernsehsignalen eines ersten Fernseh-Standards in die Bildwechselfrequenz von Fernsehsignalen eines zweiten Fernseh-Standards, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bildwechsel­ frequenz der Fernsehsignale des ersten Fernseh- Standards vor der Umsetzung verdoppelt wird, derart, daß aus jeweils zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Halbbil­ dern ein Zwischenbild interpoliert wird, und daß die verdoppelte Bildwechselfrequenz in die Bild­ wechselfrequenz der Fernsehsignale des zweiten Fernseh-Standards umgesetzt wird, derart, daß in einer Sequenz entsprechend dem Verhältnis der ver­ doppelten Bildwechselfrequenz und der zu erzeugenden Bildwechselfrequenz teils Zwischen- oder Halbbilder weggelassen, teils eine Interpolation von Zwischen­ bildern und benachbarten Halbbildern erfolgt.1. A method for converting the frame rate of television signals of a first television standard into the frame rate of television signals of a second television standard, characterized in that the frame rate of the television signals of the first television standard is doubled before implementation, such that from each two consecutive half-frames an intermediate image is interpolated, and that the doubled frame rate is converted into the frame rate of the television signals of the second television standard, such that in a sequence corresponding to the ratio of the double frame rate and the frame rate to be generated, some intermediate or Fields omitted, some interpolation of intermediate images and neighboring fields is carried out. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Interpolation der Zwischenbilder abhängig von der Bewegung des Bildinhaltes durch lineare Interpolation oder durch Lageinterpolation erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the interpolation of the intermediate images depends of the movement of the image content through linear Interpolation or by position interpolation. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach einer linearen Interpolation die Kanten von Übergängen des Bildinhaltes versteilert werden.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that after a linear interpolation the edges of transitions in the image content.
DE19853531511 1985-09-04 1985-09-04 Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard Expired DE3531511C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853531511 DE3531511C1 (en) 1985-09-04 1985-09-04 Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853531511 DE3531511C1 (en) 1985-09-04 1985-09-04 Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3531511C1 true DE3531511C1 (en) 1987-01-08

Family

ID=6280070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19853531511 Expired DE3531511C1 (en) 1985-09-04 1985-09-04 Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3531511C1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001078388A1 (en) * 2000-04-07 2001-10-18 Snell & Wilcox Limited Method of conversion from an interlaced format to a progressive format having a lower frame rate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NICHTS-ERMITTELT *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001078388A1 (en) * 2000-04-07 2001-10-18 Snell & Wilcox Limited Method of conversion from an interlaced format to a progressive format having a lower frame rate

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3151124C2 (en)
EP1397915B1 (en) Method and device for converting video signals
EP0564957B1 (en) Method and apparatus for interlace-progressive conversion
DE2824561A1 (en) LINE COUNTER CONVERTER
EP0318757A2 (en) Television receiver with a device for suppressing flicker disturbances
DE69830471T2 (en) Interpolator with a weighted median filter
DE4233354A1 (en) Method and device for doubling the frame rate
EP0445336A1 (en) Method and device for reducing the edge flicker of a television picture
DE3330570A1 (en) DOUBLE SCANNING NON-SKIP TELEVISION RECEIVER
DE2558971A1 (en) ARRANGEMENT FOR GENERATING DIGITAL PAL COLOR DIFFERENCE SIGNALS
DE3821398C2 (en) Method and device for separating luminance and color signals of a color television signal mixture
DE10010483A1 (en) Resolution conversion procedure for television broadcasting, involves changing weighting coefficient of scanning line depending on interpolation lines inserted between scanning lines
DE4423226C1 (en) Digital decoding composite video, blanking and synchronisation signals
EP0318760A2 (en) Television receiver with a device for suppressing flicker disturbances
DE3338855A1 (en) VIDEO SIGNAL PROCESSING DEVICE
DE3007520A1 (en) Demodulator for quadrature modulated and digitalised colour TV signal - has filter for removing residual colour carrier when picture moves
DE3531511C1 (en) Method of converting the picture frequency of television signals of a first television standard to the picture frequency of television signals of a second television standard
EP0596561B1 (en) Arrangement for doubling the frame frequency of a picture signal
EP0239800A2 (en) Method and circuit arrangement for flicker-free reproduction of a video signal
DE2462498B2 (en) Color encoder for processing a line-sequential color television signal
DE4434728C1 (en) Reducing flicker of video signal processing device
DE1106803B (en) Color television broadcast method
DE2816236A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONDITIONING PAL COLOR TELEVISION SIGNALS
DE2224146A1 (en) Method and device for the simultaneous transmission of different television pictures on a common channel
EP0431116B1 (en) Circuitry for reducing flicker in lines and edges in television pictures, and interpolation circuit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8100 Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application
D1 Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8320 Willingness to grant licenses declared (paragraph 23)
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee