DE351136C - Cooler for distillation systems - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cooler intended for distillation plants, which enables uninterrupted operation and the mixed ones introduced into it Vapors by condensing them, separating them according to their different volatilities and allows the differently difficult to volatilize condensates to flow away separately.

In the case of the cooler according to the invention, in a manner known per se, there is an upward incline leading pipe with at intervals successive collecting tanks present, in whose low end is the one to be condensed Vapors or gases are introduced, their different volatile condensates according to the · progressive Length of the pipe decreasing temperature same, at different points of the pipe arise and flow backwards into the following collecting container. The aim of the invention is to achieve open drainage of the individual condensates. This enables the quality of the individual fractions to be checked at any time and take samples of the same without disrupting or interrupting operations can; furthermore, due to the open outflow of the condensates, any easy to change mixture of the same by flowing together-made possible, namely also without disturbing the distillation process.

According to the invention, this is achieved in that instead of the closed seat container open drainage pipes which open into open collecting containers are arranged. The latter form one with the help of their content Liquid connection for the cooler, so that the latter can also be operated under vacuum. The contents of each aluminum container can be taken out alone; however, it can also contain the contents of several collecting containers Pour into a drainage channel for the purpose of mixing, so that by appropriate watering · ■ pushing the latter in front of the collecting bins arranged in a row: side by side any mixture of the condensates can be produced.

Forms a further part of the invention ^; an embodiment of the cooler in which, in order to save space and to achieve the same heights of the connection points of the drainage pipes to the condensing or cooling pipe andi the same height of the collecting container, the cooling pipe consists of several juxtaposed, alternately sloping upward pipes, which run continuously through the upper part! of the discharge pipes are connected in such a way that through each of the latter there is a transfer of the vapors from the upper end of one of the inclined pipes to the lower end of the following inclined pipe and the vapors flow back into the latter. Condensate drains into the lower part of the drain pipe.

The drawing illustrates both embodiments of the cooler according to the invention. The cooler shown in Fig. 1 consists of an ascending straight pipe ff with drainage pipes b connected at several points and a collecting container c for each drainage pipe. The vapors are at the lowest point of the pipe a ! introduced. Assuming the cooler is in operation, then the lowest part of the pipe α is the hottest, and therefore the most difficultly volatile parts of the vapors are condensed here. The condensate now flows in a known manner backwards against the steam flow towards the deeper and hotter part and through the drainage pipe b located at the lower end of the pipe α . Since the condensate comes into contact with a hotter place again, it cannot clog the pipe. From the vapors that continue upward through the pipe α , the condensates corresponding to the temperatures are discharged in the same way and in accordance with the decreasing temperature of the pipe α, flowing backwards through the drainage pipes b . According to the invention, the latter are immersed in a respective container c filled with the corresponding condensed liquid, so that a liquid seal is bound. Each container c now contains that liquid for itself which arises according to the temperature of the pipe section in question α by condensation of the various volatile substances in the vapor stream.

The cooling of the pipe α can be effected in any way, with some parts being coated against, depending on the requirements

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strong cooling protected, other parts can be cooled more strongly by water.

The cooler or the pipe α can be so long

be carried out so that all vapors are completely condensed. The length of the tube can be disadvantageously great and the cooler can be inexpedient in certain cases. The embodiment shown in Fig. 2 remedies this deficiency. In the same, the tube a consists of several parallel side by side, alternately sloping upwardly leading tubes α ¹ , α ² , tf, α ⁴ -, α ⁵ , α °, α ⁷ and α ⁸ , the upper and lower ends in are the same heights and are continuously connected to one another by the upper part of the vertical drainage pipes b ¹ to b ^s , so that the steam mixture finds a continuous path through all pipes a ¹ to a ^s. It takes place at the high end

of each pipe through the here connecting drain pipe the transfer of the vapors to the lower end of the next pipe leading diagonally upwards in the opposite direction takes place, but at the same time through the lower part of this drain pipe it is the condensate flowing downwards in this latter diagonally upward pipe the container c discharged.

The arrows drawn in Fig. 2 illustrate the paths that the steam mixture and take the condensates, specifically denoted by the dashed arrows the course of the condensate and the other arrows the guidance of the steam mixture through the sloping pipes.

The steam mixture introduced into the hottest pipe α ¹ is guided downwards at the highest point of the pipe through the outflow pipe b ^{1 connected here.} The liquid condensed in the tube α ¹ flows downwards in this tube α ¹ and through the discharge tube b ^z connected to its lower end into the container c, in which the latter is immersed. The lower end of the following cooler pipe α ^{2 is} attached to the drain pipe b ¹ , the higher end of which is at the same level as that of the pipe Φ and connects to the drain pipe b ^s . The vapor mixture is introduced through the drain pipe b ¹ into the still cooler pipe α ² and, at the upper end thereof, through the drain pipe b ^s downwards, into the pipe α ³ adjoining this. The liquid condensed in the tube α ² flows downwards in the latter and through the drainage tube & ¹ into the container c ai>. In this way, the vapor mixture is passed through all pipes a ¹ to a ^s , which increase in their cooling effect, and the liquid condensed in each of them is discharged separately through the discharge pipes b ¹ to b ^s.
j The containers c are provided with overflow nozzles through which they can discharge their contents into drainage channels d. By shifting the latter, any mixture of the liquid in the containers c can be achieved.

Thermometers e are arranged at the upper ends of the tubes a ¹ to a ^{s in} order to be able to determine the temperature in each part of the cooler. If it is found that the temperature in the cooler changes, the same mixed condensate can nevertheless be achieved by moving the drainage channels d accordingly.

The efficiency of the cooler can be determined by the number of inclined pipes and can be increased as required by adding more pipes.

If condensation is to take place under vacuum, the drain pipes are made so long that in them a counteracting, sufficiently high column of liquid is created.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: i. Cooler for distillation purposes with collecting tanks for the condensed liquids connected to the sloping upwardly leading cooling pipe, characterized in that open drainage pipes (b) are arranged in place of the collecting tanks, which open into collecting tanks (c) so that the latter with the help of their contents a Effect a liquid seal for the drainage pipes or the cooler and make it possible to remove any desired fractions separately or with the aid of displaceable drainage channels (d) during this operation, any desired mixtures of the fractions. - 2. Embodiment of the cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling tube consists of several juxtaposed, alternately sloping upwardly leading tubes (a ¹ , a ² , a ³ , al ...), which through the upper part of the Drain pipes (& ¹ , l · ² , Ψ, & * ...) are continuously connected in such a way that through each of the latter a transfer of the vapors takes place from the upper end of one of the inclined pipes to the lower end of the following inclined pipe, and that in the latter, back-flowing condensate flows into the lower part of the drain pipe. 1 sheet of drawings.