DE3502347A1 - DEVICE FOR GENERATING SOUND WAVES IN WATER - Google Patents

Description

description

The invention relates to a device with which sound waves are generated in water.

in particular, the invention is concerned with an apparatus to emit acoustic impulses by suddenly ejecting a liquid mass into water.

Such a device can be Dei don, for example Use sea seismic prospecting operations during tremors in the water behind a ship be generated, which scnleppt a receiver arrangement, which is made up of a large number of sensors such as hydrophones distributed along a tight envelope are. Such a structure is commonly referred to as a "seismic flute". The echoes are sent to the various reflective layers of the ocean floor are captured by the receiver arrangement recorded and treated in such a way that one can obtain a representation of the underground course.

A device for generating acoustic pulses in water is known, wherein a liquid amount of water, which is accumulated in the interior of a chamber in a hollow body, is expelled, this chamber is open to the external medium at one of its ends and at the opposite end by a movable one Piston is limited. The output is obtained by suddenly shifting a first movable element, which consists of the first piston and a second piston which is connected to this via a rod, the first movable element or unit cooperates with a second movable element or unit, which can slide inside the body and comprises a tubular rod inside which the second piston of the

ORIGINAL BATHROOM

first movable element can slide. The duty cycle includes shifting separately or simultaneously of the two movable assemblies under the action of drive devices that make up a hydraulic system and comprise a pneumatic system which cooperates with a control element which is controlled by contact between the two movable elements is operated and control devices outside the device responsible for coordinating the movements of the two movable elements and ensure that they are reset to their clamping or starting position after they have been triggered.

The actuators or controls comprise three coaxial cylinders, isolated from one another, inside each of which three pistons move, which over a and the same rod are firm with respect to each other.

The totality of the three pistons is one by effect hydraulic system on the piston of the middle cylinder. The displacement of the corresponding piston in the two cylinders, one of which contains a liquid and the other with a pneumatic system connected, allows the two movable elements or units, hereinafter referred to as "elements", to move and initiate the movement of the main piston. The operation of the device requires Use of a four-way solenoid valve and an external controller adapted to control the solenoid valve in two consecutive moments of the

Operate gO cycle in such a way that the totality of the three Pistons alternately in one direction and in the opposite direction Direction is shifted. One such device is disclosed in French patent specification 2,481 described.

BAD ORIGfNAL

The device according to the invention allows the Avoid using a controller to synchronize the various stages of work, and the Automate reset processes after triggering. 5

The device comprises one against the external medium on one its ends open housing, a main piston sliding in the housing, through which a liquid mass from this is ejected, the main piston with an auxiliary piston to form a first movable element or Aggregate is connected; an actuation system of the first movable element consisting of a second movable element Element with a secondary piston and an annular piston which are designed so that they are in the housing slide and are connected by a hollow rod in which the auxiliary piston can slide, the movable Element is connected to a central opening which forms a seat for the main piston; and facilities, to generate fluids under a first pressure and a second pressure higher than the first, these being Cooperate facilities with a flap valve that is raised by the action of the main piston against this seat, the lifting of the flap valve opening the space between your main piston and the annular piston to the same pressure like that of the outer water. The performance is characterized in that it has a distributor slide or a distribution valve and lines to a surface of the secondary piston with a fluid at high To apply pressure or low pressure according to the position of a moving part inside the Valve or slide is displaceable under the action of two opposing pressures, one of which is constant and the other is equal to the variable pressure existing in the space between main pistons and ring piston prevails.

BATH ORIGINAL

-δι The devices for generating the fluids include, for example a compressed air generator at a first pressure and a hydraulic fluid source at a second pressure; the compressed air generator is permanent with the part of the housing between the secondary piston and the annular piston as well as with the interior of the cave rod that connects them, connected, regardless of their position. The variable pressure prevailing in this space is at rest of the flap valve is equal to the pressure generated by the compressed air generator.

The inclusion of the flap valve makes it possible to to modify the pressures on the moving element at the moment of contact between the two moving elements Part of the distributor valve or distributor slide act and thus those exerted on the secondary piston Pressures as well as the choice of cross-sections of the various elements exposed to pressure. Through this the reload or reset cycle is completely automatic; the reset phase comes into play as soon as the device is activated triggered.

An example embodiment of the invention is intended will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show in

Fig. 1 schematically shows a section through the device in the loading position, which is also the rest position is;

Fig. 2 schematically the distributor valve or (a distributor slide) for the intermittent application of a hydraulic fluid to the secondary piston; 3 shows a detailed section through the part of the movable element which contains the control device; 4 shows a schematic section through the device at the end of the release phase, where the movable first Element has arrived on its entrance runway and where the second movable element is just on it meets; . ■. .

Fig. 5 shows in a schematic section the device in a later moment when the movable element met it at the end of its path; and

6 shows a schematic section through the device in FIG. Return phase of the two movable elements in their loading position.

The device comprises (in particular Fig. 1-3) an elongated tubular housing 1, which with two coaxial chambers 2, 3 of different cross-sections, which are mutually via a shoulder 4 are connected. The chamber 2 of smaller cross section is open on the side opposite the shoulder 4 and is via a narrowed end portion 5 of the with openings provided housing 6 connected to the external medium. It also includes a first movable element consisting a main piston 7 and an auxiliary piston 8, which are fastened to the two ends of a first rod 9 and a second movable element, consisting of a second piston 10, which via a second rod 11 with an annular piston 12 is connected. The cross section of the main piston 7 and that of the annular piston 12 are the same the cross section of the chamber 2. Ring seals 13, 14 are arranged on its circumference in such a way that the sliding movement done tightly. The cross section of the secondary piston 10 is matched to the cross section of the chamber 3 of the housing. An annular seal 15 is arranged around the circumference and thus ensures tight sliding in the chamber

3. The main piston 7 is connected to the rod 9 via a part 16 in the shape of a truncated cone. A hole 17 on one the cross-section of the auxiliary piston 8 matched cross-section is in the axis of the movable element and the second Rod 11 is provided. It is provided at its entrance with a chamfered part 18 of a shape that is attached to the frustoconical part 16 of the main piston 7 adapted is. A seal 18a is attached to the annular piston 12 adjacent to the chamfered or chamfered part to against

BAD ORlGiNAL

-ΙΟΙ the interior of the rod 11 between the space 60 of the housing to isolate the main piston 7 and the annular piston 12, if they support each other. The area S2 of the main piston that is exposed to the action of compressed air when it is in contact with the annular piston 12 and the seal 18a, is less than the area Sl opposite the auxiliary piston 8. An annular seal 19 is on the circumference of the auxiliary piston 8 is provided to ensure its tight sliding. The length of the rod 9 is such that when the frustoconical Part 16 is supported against the chamfer 18, the auxiliary piston is essentially at the bottom of the central Hole 17 is located.

The secondary piston 10 has a tubular extension 20 on the opposite side of the annular piston 12. This housing 1 is on the opposite of the narrowed part 5 The end is closed by a cover 21. An annular seal 61 is arranged on the circumference of the lid. This cover is provided with a central bore of a cross-section similar to that of the tubular Extension 20 is adapted at least over part of its length, this central bore having a circumferential groove for a seal 22.

An opening 23 is recessed in the annular piston 12 and can The second chamber 3 is constantly connected to the central bore 17 of the second rod 11. Two channels 24,

25 are in the annular piston 12, starting from its surface 12a, recessed in relation to the secondary piston 10 (FIG. 3). The channel 24 penetrates it on both sides, the other 25 is in communication with an inner recess 26, which is in the volume 60 on the opposite of the annular piston Page 12b opens via an opening 27. In the recess

26 can slide a control device consisting of a

Valve or a valve flap is provided with tip 28 which is designed so that they the channel 25 against the Opening 27 isolated in the rest position. The tip goes through the opening 27 to the outside of the surface 12b,

such that when the annular piston 12 is against the Hauptkolbcn supported, the tip or the grain is acted upon and the valve 28 is raised, which the Connection between the channel 2 5 and the space 6 0 between the two pistons 7 and 12 establishes.

The two channels 24 and 25 are connected to the channels 31 and 32 by means of the two tubes 29 and 30 (FIG. 1). in connection and pass through the secondary piston 10 on both sides and open into the interior of the tubular extension 20 of these. Three other channels 33, 34, 35 enforce also the secondary piston 10 on both sides. On the one hand, they open into the tubular extension 20 and two of these 33, 34 are connected to the two ways of a two-way valve 36. On the opposite On the side one of the channels 3 3 opens into the annular space between the second hollow rod 11 and the outer wall of the housing and the other two 34, 35 open inside this second rod into a chamber 59 which is delimited by the secondary piston 10 and the auxiliary piston 8. The channel 35 is very thin, at least over part of its length.

An opening 37 is recessed in the side wall of the housing 1 at the level of the second chamber 3. One with that not Hose 38 connected to the compressed air generator shown is connected to this opening 37 in such a way that a continuously increased pressure (for example in the order of magnitude of 140 bar) in the part of the chamber 3 between the secondary piston and the annular piston 12 is maintained.

The ring cover 21 comprises at the end of the housing 1 a part 39 (details in Fig. 2) in which a control system is arranged, which consists essentially of a slide manifold 40. This distributor includes (Fig. 2) a slide consisting of three coaxial pistons 41, 42, 43, which by one and the same rod are united and stored in a room so that they can be moved

BATH ORIGINAL

-12-are, the over three interrelated Chambers 46a, 46b, 46c has. A hole 47 goes through the wall of the cover 21 and leaves one of the side Chambers 46a communicate with the external environment. A hose 48 is at one end of the opening of the channel 31 at the bottom of the tubular recess 20 and at the other End firmly connected to the exit of the bore 47. The side chamber 46c on the one opposite to the cavity 45 End is extended over an annular recess 49, which serves to the rod 44 at one of their To lead ends. Two bores 50a open into the two opposing chambers 46a, 46c of the cavity, 50b, to which the two hoses 51a, 51b (Fig. 1) are connected, which with a hydraulic system are of a type known per se and not shown, which is adapted to each feeds with high and low pressure oil (240 bar and 1 bar for example).

Ei ⁿ connecting path 52 is made of the housing on the side of the secondary piston 10 relative to the annular piston 12 (chamber 62 in Fig. 4) between the intermediate chamber and the intermediate chamber 46c and the end of the chamber 3.

The intermediate piston 42 of the slide comprises two opposing conical end parts. Two stops 53, 54 are arranged at the two ends of the central chamber 46b. Their shape is adapted to that of the frustoconical end parts of the piston 42, in such a way that when this successively against the stop 53 (first position of the Slide) and against the stop 54 (second position of the slide) places the intermediate chamber 46b correctly from the Chamber 46a or chamber 46c is separated. The piston slides in chamber 46a by having bores 47 and 50a

3g separates from each other, regardless of the position of the slide, The piston 43 slides in the chamber 46c. A channel 55 leaves the bore 50b with the chamber 46c between the piston

and the bore 46 extending this connection. The thickness of the piston 4 3 and the place where the channel 5 5 opens are chosen such that in the second position of the slide, where the intermediate piston 42 rests against the stop, the piston 43 closes the inlet of the channel 55.

Another channel 56 leaves the bore 50a with the tubular one Recess 49 connect, regardless of the position of the slide in its recess. A calibration means 57 of a type known per se is arranged in the channel and brakes the oil circulation. A check valve 63 is arranged parallel to the calibration device 57.

The solenoid valve 36 is from a surface installation controlled by means of a conductive cable 58.

The device works as follows:

The rest position of the device, which corresponds to the loading position, is that of FIG. 1. The second movable one Element is in its return position, in which the secondary piston 10 is essentially in contact with the Lid 21 of the housing is. The first movable element is also in the return position. In this In the 1st position, the main piston 7 is supported against the annular piston 12, and the annular piston valve 28 is raised. The connection between the channels 24 and 25 is established via di, e opening 27 and the space 6 0 in the chamber 2; therefore the hydrostatic pressure can also act on the piston via the channels 24, 25 and the hoses 29, -30 and 48 act in chamber 46a of manifold 40.

"The pressure of the oil going in the opposite direction the rod 44 acting in the recess 49 at the opposite end of the cavity is such that the slide in the first position (that shown in Figs. 1 and 2) is held and the channel 52 is in communication with the low pressure oil of the hose 51b.

BATH ORIGINAL '

The secondary piston 10 is exposed to a low pressure on the side of the cover 21 (chamber 62) and, on the other side, compressed air at an increased pressure and is thus kept in the return position. The main piston, by virtue of its needle valve, is exposed to the hydrostatic pressure on both of its surfaces, except on the frustoconical part facing the central bore 17, where it is exposed to the compressed air. The auxiliary piston is exposed to the hydrostatic pressure via the channel 35 and the compressed air on the opposite side. The global force that acts on the first movable element is the resultant of the forces exerted by the compressed air on the unequal surfaces S1 and S2: the effect is that the main piston Ί. is kept pressed against the seal 18a. :

The opening of the solenoid release valve 36 is then controlled, as a result of which the channels 33 ′ and 34 are connected to one another be set. Due to this, compressed air is given against the surface of the auxiliary piston, which is attached to the cover 21 (chamber 3) opposite.

The new resultant of the forces acting on the first act movable arrangement, has the consequence that this moves away from the second. The main piston J rises from its seat 18; Compressed air can lie on the entirety of the area opposite the annular piston 12. That The first movable element is then suddenly "" against the End part 5 of the housing advanced against which it comes into abutment (Fig. 4). This will result in the openings 6 the volume of water contained in the first chamber 2 is driven out. The expulsion of the water at large Speed generates strong acoustic waves in the external medium.

3 5 Q 2 3 A

\ \ 1 - Once the movable member has begun to move away from ^the] '■ second, closes the needle valve 28

V. and separates lines 24 and 25 from one another. Pressure-

air is then given to the piston 41 of the slide via channels 24 and 31, the hose 48 and the opening 47. ^; The ratio of the respective surfaces of the piston 41 and the rod 44 on the side of the recess 49 as well as the ratio of compressed air and pressurized oil, which act to one another on the slide in the opposite sense, are \ 10 such that diester to j to its second position ( Fig. 4) moves where the intermediate piston 42 comes into support against the seat 54, whereby the channel 52 is set in connection with the bore 50a, where there is a strong oil pressure.
15th

This on the surface of the .Sekundärkolbens 10 opposite the lid 21 (chamber 62) placed high pressure is greater than the pressure of the compressed air applied to the opposite Area is laid; the moving element becomes in turn pushed back against the end 5 of the housing where it meets the first (Fig. 5).

During each phase of the displacement of the two movable elements towards the end 5 allows the constriction of the channel 35 it to keep the chamber 59 at overpressure and any entry of water from the outside avoid.

- The two movable elements become each other again approximated; the main piston 7 is against the seal 18a pressed; the piston valve 28 raised. This leads to the fact that the space 60 between the piston 7 and the annular piston on the hydrostatic pressure, just like the channels 24, and the hoses 29, 48, is. The resultant of the forces due to the application of hydrostatic pressure the piston of the slide and high pressure of the oil circuit onto the rod in the opposite recess 49 leads to the fact that the slide is in its first position

BATH ORIGINAL

(Fig. 6) is fed back. The calibration device 57 makes it possible to delay their movement and to sudden decompression of the space 62 between pistons 10 and cover 21 to avoid.

- From the return of the slide in its first position results that the space 6 2 again in connection with the Low pressure oil circuit is set. The secondary piston 10 is on its opposite surface to the high pressure of the

IQ exposed to compressed air: the resultant of the applied Forces has the consequence that the second movable element is returned to its return position (Fig. 6) will. The resulting force exerted on the first movable element tries when the main piston

■ is in contact with the annular piston 12, how to has seen above to press the main piston .10 against this; here the first movable element follows the second in its return movement to its in Fig. 1 Reloading position shown. The device is then ready

2Q for a new release process.

It is checked that the reloading cycle of the device is complete after it has been triggered by means of the solenoid valve 36 runs automatically.

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Claims (7)

F-92502 RUEIL-MALMAISON / FRANCE Device for generating sound waves in water. PATENT CLAIMS 1. Device for generating sound waves in water by suddenly ejecting a mass of liquid a tubular housing M), which against the outer Medium is open at one of its ends, this mass of liquid by sliding a main piston (7) is acted upon, which is connected to an auxiliary piston (8) to form a first movable element is, the apparatus comprising an actuation system of the first movable element, which consists of a second movable element with a secondary piston (10) and an annular piston (12), which is designed are that they slide in the housing and are connected via a hollow rod (11) in which the auxiliary piston can slide, the ring piston with a central D-8000 Munich 2 Isartorplatz β POB 26 02 47 D-8000 Mündren 26 Cable: Muebopat ολπ nnmiNAL Telephone Telecopier Infotec 6400 B Telex 089 / 221483-7 G II + III (089) 229643 5-24285 Opening (17) is provided, which forms a seat for the main piston and with devices, which fluids at generate a first pressure and a second higher pressure than the first and which with a valve (28) work together when the first piston is applied (7) is raised against this seat and whereby, by lifting the flap valve, the space between the main piston and the annular piston to the same pressure as the outer one Water are brought, characterized by a distribution valve (40) and lines that are on a surface of the Secondary piston a fluid at high pressure or at a low pressure according to the position of a movable Part give which is displaceable inside the valve under the action of the two counter pressures, of which one is constant and the other is equal to the variable pressure in the space between the main piston and the annular piston prevails. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for generating the fluids at a certain pressure a Generators of compressed air at a first pressure and a source of hydraulic fluid at a second pressure comprise, characterized in that the compressed air generator is permanently connected to the part (3) of the housing stands, which is located between the secondary piston (10) and an annular piston (12) and with the interior the hollow rod that connects them, regardless of their position; and that the variable pressure prevailing in this space in the rest position of the flap valve (28) is equal to the pressure, generated by the compressed air generator. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable part of the distribution valve (40) has a Comprises a central piston (42); that this valve comprises three coaxial chambers; that this intermediate chamber (46b) with one or the other side chambers (46a, 46b) according to the position of the central one in this BAD ORSGfNAL Intermediate chamber sliding piston is in communication and the two side chambers each with the low-pressure circuit and are in communication with the high pressure circuit of this hydraulic fluid source; that those facing each other Ends of the movable part have unequal cross-sections, the end with the larger cross-section being the is exposed to variable pressure and the other to hydraulic exposed to high pressure; and that the ratio of the cross sections of the two opposite one another Ends is chosen so that the movable part moves when the variable pressure is equal to that of the compressed Air is moved towards a position in which the intermediate chamber (46b) with the high pressure circuit of the hydraulic Fluid source is in communication. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that that the central piston (42) by a rod (44) on the one hand is connected to a piston (41) sliding in one of the side chambers (46a) and the variable Is subjected to pressure and on the other hand with a piston (43) slidable in this lateral chamber (46c), the latter being connected by a rod (44) is extended in a tubular recess (49), which is connected to this high pressure circuit of the hydraulic fluid source. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that that the tubular recess (49) is connected to this high pressure circuit via a channel (56) which is connected to a flow control device (57) is provided, the parallel a circuit element with a check valve (63). 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that this space (60) with one end of the distributor cavity (40) via channels (24, 31) that pass through the annular piston and the secondary piston, and via hoses BAD OWGfWAL -4-1 (29, 48) is connected. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that that the volume (59) of the hollow rod (11) between the 5 auxiliary piston (8) and the secondary piston (10) continuously with the medium outside the housing via a narrow Channel (35) and intermittently by means of a valve (36). connected to part (3) of the housing where the first fluid pressure prevails all the time. 10 15th 20th 25th 30th 35