DE3425716A1 - Process for reducing oxidic raw materials - Google Patents

Process for reducing oxidic raw materials

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Publication number
DE3425716A1
DE3425716A1 DE19843425716 DE3425716A DE3425716A1 DE 3425716 A1 DE3425716 A1 DE 3425716A1 DE 19843425716 DE19843425716 DE 19843425716 DE 3425716 A DE3425716 A DE 3425716A DE 3425716 A1 DE3425716 A1 DE 3425716A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
raw materials
carbon
shaft furnace
briquettes
sic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19843425716
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German (de)
Other versions
DE3425716C2 (en
Inventor
Gert-Wilhelm Dr.rer.nat. 6631 Berus Lask
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Applied Industrial Materials Corp
Original Assignee
International Minerals and Chemical Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Minerals and Chemical Corp filed Critical International Minerals and Chemical Corp
Priority to DE19843425716 priority Critical patent/DE3425716C2/en
Publication of DE3425716A1 publication Critical patent/DE3425716A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3425716C2 publication Critical patent/DE3425716C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/02—Silicon
    • C01B33/021—Preparation
    • C01B33/023—Preparation by reduction of silica or free silica-containing material
    • C01B33/025—Preparation by reduction of silica or free silica-containing material with carbon or a solid carbonaceous material, i.e. carbo-thermal process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/02—Preparation of phosphorus
    • C01B25/027—Preparation of phosphorus of yellow phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
    • C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/06—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by carbides or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Process for reducing oxidic raw materials which can be reduced using SiC and carbon, in an electric low-shaft furnace, the raw materials being introduced into the electric low-shaft furnace in granular form, accompanied by reductants containing carbon. The reductants are introduced into the electric low-shaft furnace in the form of reductant briquettes comprising quartz and carbon, whose carbon content is higher than that corresponding to the reaction SiO2 + 3C = SiC + 2CO. The oxidic raw materials are arranged between the reductant briquettes. In an upper section of the electric low-shaft furnace the quartz in the reductant briquettes is first reacted at a temperature below 1600 DEG C with part of the carbon to give SiC. Activated carbon is formed in the process. The reductant briquettes adopt a coke-like structure. Subsequently, the reduction of the oxidic raw materials with, firstly, the SiC and, secondly, the carbon from the reductant briquettes is carried out in an adjacent lower section of the electric low-shaft furnace at a temperature above 1600 DEG C at which the oxidic raw materials pass into a liquid and/or gaseous state. In general, the reductant briquettes are produced by way of hot-briquetting.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich gattungsgemäß auf ein Verfahren zur Re-The invention relates generically to a method for re-

duktion von oxidischen Rohstoffen, die mit SiC und Kohlenstoff reduzierbar sind, in einem Elektroniederschachtofen, wobei in den Elektroniederschachtofen die Rohstoffe in körniger Form und außerdem Reduktionsmittel eingebracht werden, die Kohlenstoff enthalten. Oxidische Rohstoffe, die mit SiC und Kohlenstoff reduzierbar sind, sind z. B. die üblichen Rohstoffe für die Herstellung von Magnesium und Phosphor. Tatsächlich betrifft die Erfindung insoweit konkret die Herstellung von Magnesium aus hauptsächlich Magnesiumoxid enthaltenden Ausgangsstoffen bzw. von Phosphor aus geeigneten Phosphaten.Production of oxidic raw materials that can be reducible with SiC and carbon are, in an electronic low-shaft furnace, with the Raw materials are introduced in granular form and also reducing agents that Contain carbon. Oxidic raw materials that can be reducible with SiC and carbon are, are z. B. the usual raw materials for the production of magnesium and phosphorus. In fact, in this respect the invention specifically relates to the production of magnesium from starting materials mainly containing magnesium oxide or from phosphorus suitable phosphates.

Bei den (aus der Praxis) bekannten gattungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der Kohlenstoff in Form von Holzkohle oder Koks in den Elektroniederschachtofen eingebracht. Das Ergebnis ist oft unbefriedigend, weil die Ausbeute gering und der Energieverbrauch groß ist. Das ist der Grund, weshalb zumindest in bezug auf die Herstellung von Magnesium und Phosphor die bekannten Maßnahmen im großen nicht in die Praxis eingeführt worden sind.In the generic method known (from practice) the carbon in the form of charcoal or coke in the electric low-shaft furnace brought in. The result is often unsatisfactory because the yield is low and the Energy consumption is great. That is why, at least in terms of the Production of magnesium and phosphorus does not in large part take the known measures have been put into practice.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das gattungsgemäße Verfahren so weiter auszubilden, daß bei wesentlich reduziertem Energieverbrauch eine verbesserte Ausbeute erreicht wird.The invention is based on the object of the generic method to further train that with significantly reduced energy consumption an improved Yield is achieved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe lehrt die Erfindung, daß die- Reduktionsmittel in den Elektroniederschachtofen in Form von Reduktionsmittelbriketts aus Quarz und Kohlenstoff eingebracht werden, deren Kohlenstoffgehalt höher liegt, als der Reaktion SiO2 + 3C = SiC + 2CO entspricht und im Bereich von 60 bis 80 Gew.-% liegt, daß die oxidischen Rohstoffe zwischen den Reduktionsmittelbriketts angeordnet werden, daß in einem oberen Teil des Elektroniederschachtofens bei einer Temperatur von unter 1600° C der Quarz in den Reduktionsmittelbriketts mit einem Teil des Kohlenstoffs zu SiC umgesetzt und im übrigen aktivierter Kohlenstoff gebildet wird, wobei die Reduktionsmittelbriketts eine koksartige Struktur annehmen, und daß danach in einem angeschlossenen, unteren Teil des Elektroniederschachtofens bei einer Temperatur von über 16000 C, bei der die oxidischen Rohstoffe in einen flüssigen undioder der gasförmigen Aggregatzustand übergehen, die Reduktion der oxidischen Rohstoffe mit dem SiC sowie dem. aktivierten Kohlenstoff der Reduktionsmittelbriketts durchgeführt wird. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird mit Reduktionsmittelbriketts gearbeitet, die im Wege des Heißbrikettierens hergestellt worden sind. Heißbrikettierung bezeichnet bekanntlich eine bindemittelfreie Brikettierung, bei der Ausgangsstoffe auf eine Temperatur von 430 bis 5400 C erwärmt und unter Anwendung von Druck zu Briketts geformt werden, die beispielsweise als sogenannte Eierbriketts oder Kissenbriketts ausgefünrt sind und deren Volumen im Bereich von 15 bis 60 com3 liegt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung muß abeMr nicht notwendig mit im Wege der Heißbrikettierung hergestellten Reduktionsmittelbriketts gearbeitet werden.To solve this problem, the invention teaches that the reducing agent in the electric low-shaft furnace in the form of reducing agent briquettes made of quartz and Carbon are introduced, the carbon content of which is higher than the reaction SiO2 + 3C = SiC + 2CO and is in the range from 60 to 80% by weight that the oxidic raw materials are arranged between the reducing agent briquettes, that in an upper part of the electric low-shaft furnace at a temperature from below 1600 ° C the quartz in the reducing agent briquettes with part of the carbon converted to SiC and otherwise activated carbon is formed, the Reducing agent briquettes assume a coke-like structure, and that afterwards in one connected, lower part of the electric low-shaft furnace at one temperature of over 16000 C, at which the oxidic raw materials in a liquid and / or the Gaseous aggregate state pass over, the reduction of the oxidic raw materials with the SiC and the. activated carbon of the reducing agent briquettes will. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, reducing agent briquettes are used worked that have been produced by hot briquetting. Hot briquetting As is well known, denotes a binder-free briquetting in which the starting materials heated to a temperature of 430 to 5400 C and under the application of pressure Briquettes are formed, for example as so-called egg briquettes or pillow briquettes are executed and their volume is in the range of 15 to 60 com3. As part of but the invention does not necessarily have to be produced by means of hot briquetting Reducing agent briquettes are worked.

Im allgemeinen wird man die Rohstoffe und die Reduktionsmittelbriketts mischen und die Mischung als Möller in den Elektroniederschachtofen einführen. Es versteht sich, daß die Stoffbilanz insgesamt stimmen muß. Entsprechend ist die Mischung aus den Rohstoffen und den Reduktionsmittelbriketts, anders ausgedrückt der Möller, eingestellt. Das erfolgt nach den üblichen Regeln der Stöchiometrie.In general, one becomes the raw materials and the reducing agent briquettes Mix and introduce the mixture as a Möller into the electric low-shaft furnace. It it goes without saying that the material balance must be correct overall. The mix is accordingly from the raw materials and the reducing agent briquettes, in other words the Möller, set. This is done according to the usual rules of stoichiometry.

Es empfiehlt sich, insgesamt mit einem geringen Überschuß an Kohlenstoff zu arbeiten, da ein Teil des Kohlenstoffes auch als Kohlendioxid gleichsam verlorengehen kann.It is advisable to use a small excess of carbon overall to work, since part of the carbon is also lost as carbon dioxide can.

Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, daß in der beschriebenen Weise aufgebaute 'Reduktionsmittelbriketts, die als Möller zusammen mit zu reduzierenden Rohstoffen einem Elektroniederschachtofen aufgegeben werden, zunächst im oberen Teil des Elektroniederschachtofens bei einer Temperatur von unter 16000 C in dem Sinne reduziert werden können, daß aus dem SiO2 einerseits SiC und andererseits 2CO entstehen. Überraschenderweise behalten die Reduktionsmittelbriketts dabei ihre Struktur, während sich der im Überschuß eingesetzte Kohlenstoff bei dieser Reduktion des SiO2 in aktivierten Kohlenstoff umsetzt, der frleichsam jungfräulich im angeschlossenen unteren Teil des Elektro,liederschachtofens neben dem Siliciumcarbid mit den Rohstoffen reagieren und die Reduktion bewirken kann. Das führt im Ergebnis zu einer beachtlich verbesserten Ausbeute bei geringem Energieverbrauch .The invention is based on the knowledge that in the described Way constructed 'reducing agent briquettes, which are used as Möller together with to be reduced Raw materials are fed into an electric low-shaft furnace, initially in the upper one Part of the electric low-shaft furnace at a temperature below 16000 C in the Meaning can be reduced that from the SiO2 on the one hand SiC and on the other hand 2CO arise. Surprisingly, the reducing agent briquettes keep theirs Structure, while the carbon used in excess is in this reduction converts the SiO2 into activated carbon, which is apparently virgin in the connected lower part of the electric, liederschachtofen next to the silicon carbide with the raw materials react and bring about the reduction. The result is a remarkable one improved yield with low energy consumption.

Claims (2)

"Verfahren zur Reduktion von oxidischen Rohstoffen" (Innere Priorität aus P 33 42 890.5) Patentansprüche: 1. Verfahren zur Reduktion von oxidischen Rohstoffen, die mit Siliciumcarbid und Kohlenstoff reduzierbar sind, in einem Elektroniederschachtofen, wobei in den Elektroniederschachtofen die Rohstoffe in körniger Form und außerdem Reduktionsmittel eingebracht werden, die Kohlenstoff enthalten, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, daß die Reduktionsmittel in den Elektroniederschachtofen in Form von Reduktionsmittelbriketts aus Quarz und Kohlenstoff eingebracht werden, deren Kohlenstoffgehalt höher ist, als der Reaktion SiO2 + 3C = SiC + 2CO entspricht, und im Bereich von 60 bis 80 Gew.- liegt, daß die oxidischen Rohstoffe zwischen den Reduktionsmittelbriketts angeordnet werden, daß in einem oberen Teil des Elektroniederschachtofens bei einer Temperatur von unter 16000 C der Quarz in den Reduktionsmittelbriketts mit einem Teil des Kohlenstoffes zu SiC umgesetzt und im übrigen aktivierter Kohlenstoff gebildet wird, wobei die Reduktionsmittelb riketts eine k oks arti ge Struktur annehmen, und daß danach in einem angeschlossenen, unteren Teil des Elektroniederschachtofens bei einer Temperatur von über 16000 C, bei der die oxidischen Rohstoffe in einen flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Aggregatzustand übergehen, die Reduktion der oxidischen Rohstoffe mit dem SiC sowie dem aktivierten Kohlenstoff aus den Reduktionsmittelbriketts durchgeführt wird. "Process for the reduction of oxidic raw materials" (internal priority from P 33 42 890.5) claims: 1. Process for the reduction of oxidic raw materials, which can be reducible with silicon carbide and carbon, in an electronic low-shaft furnace, where in the electric low-shaft furnace the raw materials in granular form and moreover Reducing agents are introduced which contain carbon, d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the reducing agents in the electric low-shaft furnace are introduced in the form of reducing agent briquettes made of quartz and carbon, whose carbon content is higher, than the reaction SiO2 + 3C = SiC + 2CO corresponds, and in the range from 60 to 80 wt. Is that the oxidic Raw materials are arranged between the reducing agent briquettes that in one upper part of the electric low-shaft furnace at a temperature below 16000 C the quartz in the reducing agent briquettes with some of the carbon to form SiC implemented and otherwise activated carbon is formed, the reducing agentb riketts assume a k oks-like structure, and that afterwards in a connected, lower part of the electric low-shaft furnace at a temperature of over 16000 C, in which the oxidic raw materials in a liquid and / or gaseous state of aggregation pass over, the reduction of the oxidic raw materials with the SiC as well as the activated one Carbon is carried out from the reducing agent briquettes. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit Reduktionsmittelbriketts gearbeitet wird, die im Wege der Heißbrikettierung hergestellt worden sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that with reducing agent briquettes is worked, which have been produced by way of hot briquetting.
DE19843425716 1983-11-26 1984-03-30 Process for the reduction of oxidic raw materials Expired DE3425716C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843425716 DE3425716C2 (en) 1983-11-26 1984-03-30 Process for the reduction of oxidic raw materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3342890 1983-11-26
DE19843425716 DE3425716C2 (en) 1983-11-26 1984-03-30 Process for the reduction of oxidic raw materials

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DE3425716A1 true DE3425716A1 (en) 1985-06-27
DE3425716C2 DE3425716C2 (en) 1987-02-12

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0272777A2 (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-06-29 Dow Corning Corporation Addition of calcium compounds to the carbothermic reduction of silica
EP0527353A1 (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-17 Applied Industrial Materials Corporation Aimcor Process for the production of silicon in electric low-shaft furnace and green bricks to carry out the process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NICHTS-ERMITTELT *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0272777A2 (en) * 1986-12-22 1988-06-29 Dow Corning Corporation Addition of calcium compounds to the carbothermic reduction of silica
EP0272777A3 (en) * 1986-12-22 1989-03-15 Dow Corning Corporation Addition of calcium compounds to the carbothermic reduction of silica
EP0527353A1 (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-17 Applied Industrial Materials Corporation Aimcor Process for the production of silicon in electric low-shaft furnace and green bricks to carry out the process
AU651231B2 (en) * 1991-08-08 1994-07-14 Applied Industrial Materials Corporation Method for production of silicon by reduction of quartz in an electric low-shaft furnace and raw-material blanks for carrying out the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3425716C2 (en) 1987-02-12

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