DE3339998A1 - COTTON HARVESTING MACHINE - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cotton harvester.

Until about 194-0 cotton was mostly hand-picked, whereby this was the most expensive part of cotton production. Various harvesting machines are used today.

The so-called stripping harvester picks all the cotton bolls regardless of the degree of maturity. The so-called suction harvesting machine pulls the fluff from each individual capsule into one Jet. The so-called mechanical finger harvester strips the cotton from the capsules with rotating teeth or Hook off. The so-called spindle harvesting machine has rotating spindles that grasp the tufts of cotton and of pulls off the capsules. Some harvesters use moistened spindles. The plants are between rows or Drums are guided by fast rotating, automatically cleaned and damped spindles, and the cotton is turned over wound the moistened spindles and then pulled off or stripped off with the help of a special device. All known cotton harvesting machines have in common that the cotton is mechanically stripped by the cotton bolls be grasped by certain mechanical devices and mechanically removed.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object of creating a cotton harvesting machine that has no mechanical impairment of the cotton bolls enables machine cotton harvesting. This particular task is done with solved the features of the claims. In contrast to known harvesting machines, the cotton bush is used according to the invention or the cotton plant is shaken quickly and with a small amplitude so that the ripe cotton bolls are shaken off will. This leaves the still immature tree

wool capsules largely to mature on the plant. The mechanical Components that attack the trunk or branches of the cotton plant only cause the capsules to detach through the shaking movement of the plant and not by touching the capsules directly.

The cotton harvesting machine according to the invention has mechanical, elongated elements, with the help of which the cotton bush is subjected to a rapid shaking movement at a certain height of the plant with a small amplitude, so that the cotton bolls are shaken off.

This actual machine arrangement is located on a chassis with two elongated belt conveyors between where there is a space (corresponding to the size of the cotton plant) is located. At a certain height above the conveyor is a pair of elongated or zigzag screws Rods with drives provided to the ban & förcbrer to set in motion and the screws or zigzag-shaped elements opposite to each other outside the frame to put in rotary motion.

The harvesting machine is preferably connected to a suitable tractor, which also drives the harvesting machine or its moving parts. In operation, the chassis is pulled over the rows of cotton plants at a speed of about 3 to 7 km / hour depending on the size of the bushes and the field topology. The screws or zigzag-shaped elements are rotated at a speed of about 200 to 1000 min ", preferably in the range _x of 300 to 4-00 min. When the harvesting machine passes a certain cotton plant, this is repeated and alternating from both sides posted by the rotating elements (screws or zigzag-shaped elements), so

that the plant performs a rapid vibration with a small amplitude. The viewer sees practically no movement of the

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Bush, but only a cotton "rain" that after is thrown outside onto the conveyor. The screws or zigzag-shaped elements preferably have a length in the Range from 100 to 200 cm. Preferred screws with; 15 to 20 cm in diameter give good results. There were also zigzag-shaped rods (in a flat design) with a length of about 20 to 30 cm of the individual parts and about 7 to 10 mm diameter of the rod 'examined; this preferred shaking element also gives good results. The screws or zigzag-shaped elements are rotated in the opposite direction, maintaining a predetermined distance between them. At a View from above (see the attached ITig. 2) is the distance zxvischen the screws in an advantageous manner about 5 up to 10 cm; a distance of about 7 cm is particularly preferred, with which particularly good results were achieved.

Advantageously, the conveyors and the screws or zigzag-shaped rods are positioned at a certain angle of inclination of about 25 to 4-5 ° with respect to the floor, the height of the lower part with respect to the floor being of the order of only a few cm. If such an inclined frame runs past a cotton bush, it is first hit at its lower part in a shaking motion, the point of attack on the bush sliding progressively upwards as the chassis moves. When the lower part of the plant is vibrated, capsules are only shaken off from the lower part of the plant, while higher parts of the plant are vibrated and the cotton bolls are shaken off from this height when the frame is moved.

Advantageously, a device is provided to control the inclination of the conveyor and the rotating components to vary. This makes it possible for the first time to use the upper

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Edge of the screws or zigzag-shaped elements -on for example Adjust two thirds of the plant height so that only the ripe capsules up to this height at the first Run to be harvested; the harvest is completed after a few days with the same machine that is then on the full height of the plants is set. This allows for an increase in the amount of cotton harvested of up to about $ 20.

The machine according to the invention is generally closed Form used, although it is open at the top, and is pulled over rows of cotton plants that are harvested during the harvest be positioned in the space between the two conveyors.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the harvesting machine according to the invention ,. .

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the harvesting machine and

3 shows a schematic rear view of the harvesting machine with

Conveyors and screws in a horizontal position. 25th

The harvesting machine according to the invention explained here by way of example has a two-wheeled chassis with wheels 11 and two belt conveyors 12, the angle of which with respect to the ground can be varied and is generally from 25 to about 4-0 °. The conveyors have conventional drums 13 and belts 14. Above the conveyor 12, two rotatable screws 16 are provided with mutually to each other in the \ -je sentlichen parallel axes and at a predetermined distance, which project into the intermediate space 15 between the conveyor belts. The ends of the screws are rotated with the aid of suitable means, for example with a drive transmission from the

Tractor pulling the harvester. This can also be used to drive the conveyor belts. The harvester is pulled over a row of cotton plants while the screws are turned and the conveyors are set in motion. The screws turn outwards in the opposite direction, so that the vibrations from the bush. Furthermore, a kind of "bridge frame" or bracket 17 is provided for the necessary stability of the harvester, which is attached to the inclined side walls Λ8 .

The harvesting machine shown in Fig. 1 is in the sense . arrow marked there moved to the left, so that the The screw first comes into contact with the lowest part of the plant and the capsule is shaken off at this height Be.'When the harvesting machine continues to move, higher and higher parts of the plant are shaken and the capsules shaken off at the appropriate heights. If you shake in the lowest altitude range, the upper part of the Do not shake off the capsules.

In an attempt screws were rotated by 17 cm in diameter and 150 cm in length with ^co 300 to 400 min, while the tractor is moving at a speed of about 5 km / Stnnden. According to FIG. 2, the distance between the screws was about 7 cm, and the distance between the conveyors was about 5 cm. The screws consisted of iron rods 10 mm in diameter. In another embodiment, the zigzag-shaped rod made of an iron bar of 10 mm in diameter and 20 cm length of each bent T _e ils, wherein the angle between the bent sections 90 °. As the harvester moves past the cotton bush, the screws or zigzag-shaped elements apply a small amplitude vibration to the part of the plant that is in contact

with the screw or the zigzag-shaped rod 1st, since the plant is struck alternately from both sides by the two synchronized rotating elements, so that the cotton bolls are shaken off.
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The height of the upper right end of the screw can be adjusted the angle of the machine frame can be adjusted so that cotton on a first pass only up to a certain height of the plant can be harvested; after a few days the harvesting process is repeated, however the top of the screws or zigzag rods is raised to the full height of the "bush, so that in the second harvest stage the remaining cotton bolls can be harvested. ·.

The zigzag-shaped rods can be in a plane or are in a spatial arrangement under the angles of the connecting parts. - ■ '

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Claims (1)

VOSSIUS - VOSSIUS TAUGkNER · ^: -H EÜNfZ M AN N -RAUH SIEBERTSTRASSE 4 8OOO MUNICH 86 PHONE: (OB9) 47 4O 75 CABLE: BENZENE PATENT MDNCHEN -XELEX 5-29 45 3 VOPAT D. November 4th 1983 uZ: S 711
Case: 48725/83 SIVAN DEVELOPMENO? AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS LTD.
Tel Aviv, Israel "Cotton harvester" Claims 1. Cotton harvester, with which the cotton bolls from the. Cotton plant being shaken off, marked by a) a chassis that can be moved, for example, by a tractor and on which a pair of cooperating, inclined screws or zigzag elements at a certain distance and are arranged axially parallel to each other in order to spread the cotton plant, b) means for turning the screws or zigzag Elements in opposite directions and synchronous to each other to move the cotton bolls upwards and throw outside, and through c) two belt conveyors parallel to each other and to the screws or zigzag-shaped elements with a Drive, d) being the screws or zigzag-shaped elements when walking past the plant, shakes off the cotton bolls from it. L J 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the screws or zigzag-shaped elements under one Angles of 25 to about 4-5 relative to the ground are. 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the length of the screws or zigzag-shaped elements 100 to 200 cm and the distance between "these approximately 5 to 15 cm, and that between these a certain There is an overlap. 4 ·. Machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by a device for adjusting the angle of the Screws or zigzag-shaped elements opposite the floor. 5. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4-, characterized thereby marked, that -the distance between the conveyors ranges from 3 to 0 "cm". "·" ' 6. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that that the speed of rotation of the screws or zigzag-shaped elements from 200 to 1Ό00 min " ¹ is. 7. A method for harvesting cotton, characterized in that the cotton plant with a small amplitude shakes, starting at the bottom of the plant and gradually progressing upwards, and that the shaking movements are exerted by a vehicle while it is walking along the cotton plant.