DE3338317A1 - TELEVISION CAMERA - Google Patents

Description

VICTOR COMPANY OF JAPAN, LTD ., Yokohama, Japan

Television camera

The invention relates to a television camera according to the preamble of claim 1. According to the invention the optical filter of the television camera is designed in such a way that, on the one hand, it creates a color beating which is very easily generated with respect to two directions, one of which is with coincides with the scanning direction of an electron beam in the pickup tube and the other direction coincides with this Scanning direction is perpendicular when using the vertical correlation of the output color signals a color separation is carried out in mutually adjacent scanning lines, and that it is the other also prevents deterioration in resolution.

A television camera supported by a single pickup tube Makes use, includes a color separating optical system with a color separating strip filter. In such an optical system, however, there is between the high frequency component of the luminance signal and the chrominance signal to beats. To the. high frequency component to limit the luminance signal and thus to reduce the above beats is used generally an optical low pass filter. Usually such an optical low-pass filter has an attenuation pole in the filter characteristic.

In the television camera, which is of such a type that the color separation using the vertical one Correlation is carried out in the picture, the separation of the chrominance signal is done by the fact that the on a Nth (N is an integer) scan line related information

output signal and that related to an (N + 1) -th scanning line Output signal delayed by one horizontal scanning period or shifted in phase by 7Γ / 2 and successions of addition, subtraction and detection are carried out. This kind of TV camera, for example, makes of a pickup tube with an overlapping filter (intercrossing type filter) or a solid-state image pickup element containing a filter with a Bayer array. In such a television camera, an interference signal is generated due to the high frequency component of the luminance signal and it becomes a color beating in a first direction (generally in the horizontal direction) corresponding to the scanning direction of the Electron beam in the pickup tube, and in one direction (generally in the vertical direction), which is perpendicular to the scanning direction is generated. The color beating in relation to the vertical direction occurs when the vertical correlation cannot be used. When scanning the vertical end of the Images are the output signal related to the N-th scanning line and the output signal related to the (N + 1) -th scanning line Output signal completely unrelated to one another, so that a vertical correlation is not possible. He follows for example, one scan of white in the Nth scan line and one scan in the (N + 1) th scan line Sampling black cannot get the desired primary colors from red (R) and blue (B), so the three primary colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) are unbalanced or unbalanced. When occurring such an imbalance, undesirable colors appear on the screen of a television monitor receiver. In order to avoid the above color fluctuation, an optical filter is inserted into the optical system, which acts in the horizontal and in the vertical direction, i. e. one that works in two dimensions Filter.

A conventional optical filter of this type includes a stack of a first, one second and third crystal plates that split or separate a light beam. The first crystal plate is designed so that it splits an incident light beam in the scanning direction or separates, and the second crystal plate is designed to have an incident light beam in one direction splits or separates which is rotated 45 ° clockwise with respect to the axis of the scanning direction is. The third crystal plate is designed so that it splits or separates an incident light beam in a direction with respect to the axis of

Scanning direction is rotated 45 ° clockwise.

In the above conventional optical filter, a single incident light beam is thus in split or separated in two directions, i.e. in the horizontal and vertical directions. The conventional one optical filter therefore acts in two dimensions. That split or separated in the horizontal direction The light bundle and the light bundle split or separated in the vertical direction are each divided into two Rays split or separated. In this way one obtains from a single incident light beam four rays. Nevertheless, in the horizontal direction (scanning direction) it is not possible to generate the Prevent color beating in a frequency band in the range of a frequency that is twice the carrier frequency amounts to. Regarding the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the scanning direction), it is possible to use the Avoid generating the color beating. However, the resolution becomes low, indicating the Excessive Effect to prevent the generation of the color beating. These undesirable properties occur because the conventional optical filter is only in

works in two dimensions. There is thus a disadvantage that a fine line pattern from the television camera cannot be recorded with the conventional optical filter.

The invention is based on the object of developing a television camera of the generic type so that that with the prevention of the generation of color bumps with respect to that perpendicular to the scanning direction Direction is not accompanied by a significant deterioration in the resolution and, moreover, also with regard to the Scanning direction the generation of color fluctuations not only in a frequency band in the range of the carrier frequency but is also avoided in a frequency band that is in the range of twice the carrier frequency.

This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1. This solution consists in the The principle is that the television camera is equipped with an optical filter that is a single incident ^ Splits or separates 20 bundles of light in two directions, namely, in the scanning direction of the electron beam within the pickup tube and in that to the scanning direction perpendicular direction j, and that in the scanning direction split light bundle and the light bundle split in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction splits or separates each into four rays, so that eight rays from the single incident light bundle emerge. In this way it is possible to generate the color beating with respect to the scanning direction to effectively prevent the perpendicular direction without deteriorating the resolution. It becomes a satisfactory resolution achieved. In addition, the generation of the color beating is related to the scanning direction effectively prevented in a frequency band which is in the range of the carrier frequency, and also in one Frequency band that lies in the range of a frequency that corresponds to twice the carrier frequency.

The invention is described below with reference to Drawings explained by way of example. It shows:

F I G. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment a conventional optical filter,

F I G. 2 and 3 the directions of splitting and the states of splitting of the light beam in each of the crystal plates of the in FIG. 1 illustrated optical filter, F I G. 4 is a general illustration of one embodiment of an optical system in a television camera with an optical filter according to the invention,

F I G. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of one in the television camera of FIG Optical filter used in the invention, F I G. 6 is an illustration to explain the Splitting directions of the light beam in each of the crystal plates of the in FIG. 5 optical filter shown,

F I G. 7A, 7B and 7C are illustrations for explaining the splitting states of the light beam in each of the crystal plates of the in FIG. 5 optical filter shown,

F I G * 8 shows the total splitting state of the light beam in the one shown in FIG. 5 optical filter shown,

F I G. 9 is a graph for illustrative purposes the MÜF characteristic curve (MÜF «modulation transfer function or modulation depth) of the in FIG. 5 with respect to one direction (generally in the vertical direction) which is perpendicular to the scanning direction of the image pickup element, and

FIG. 10 is a graph for illustrative purposes the MÜF characteristic curve of the in FIG. 5 with respect to the scanning direction (generally in the horizontal direction) of the image pickup element.

That shown in FIG. Conventional optical filters 10 shown in FIG. 1 include stacked crystal plates 11, 12 and 13 which split or separate light. The crystal plate 11 is designed so that it splits or separates a light beam impinging on it in a direction indicated by an arrow 11A which coincides with the scanning direction shown in FIG. 2 lies in the direction of the X-axis. The crystal plate 12 is designed so that an incident light beam in a direction shown in FIG. 2 splits or separates the direction indicated by an arrow 12A, which is rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° with respect to the axis of the scanning direction. The crystal plate 13 is designed so that an incident light beam in a direction shown in FIG. 2 splits or separates the direction indicated by an arrow 13A, which direction is rotated 45 ° clockwise with respect to the axis of the scanning direction. As a result, in this optical filter 10, a single incident light beam 14 is split or separated in the scanning direction and in a direction perpendicular to the scanning direction (direction of the Y-axis in FIG. 2). Furthermore, the light beam split in the scanning direction and the light beam split in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction are each split or separated into two beams. This means, as shown in FIG. 3 it is shown that the single incident light beam 14 is split or separated into four rays, each of which passes through points P _19, P ₂ , P ^ and P ^. In FIG. Yectors V ^ ₁ , V ^ un ^ V ₁ , which are drawn in, represent the direction of splitting and the splitting distance in each of the crystal plates 11, 12 and 13.

Since the optical filter 10 has a single incident light beam in two beams in the direction

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the Y-axis is separated, one can use the MÜF characteristic with respect to the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction Describe direction by the following equation:

V «costff * P _y

In this equation, f represents spatial frequency and P is the split or separation distance between the separated rays along the Y-axis. From FIG. 9 shows that the characteristic curve K ₇ . ^{1 is} a curve that drops sharply at a snap point U. The value of the modulation transfer function MÜF therefore decreases sharply beyond a vertical interference signal frequency f _v , so that the interference signal is considerably suppressed.

However, the resolution is low. The vertical interference signal frequency fy is obtained by converting the frequency of the interference signal, which is generated when a huster with stripes running parallel to the scanning direction is picked up, into a frequency in the scanning direction. The conventional optical filter 10 is disadvantageous in that the resolution in the higher frequency band in the vicinity of the frequency f _{v is} low.

On the other hand, one can see the MTF characteristic of the optical filter 10 with respect to the scanning direction by the describe the following equation:

M ₁₁ ¹ = cosiTf * P _x

In this equation, f represents spatial frequency and P "is the split or separation distance between the separated rays along the X-axis. The characteristic curve M _H 'is shown in FIG. 10 represented by a correspondingly designated curve. How to find FIG. 10, there is a disadvantage with regard to the elimination of the disturbance

· ^: · - - ^: · '"33 3Β3Ί 7

signals (color beating) in a frequency band in the Neighborhood of a frequency that is twice the carrier frequency.

The invention eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional television camera with the optical filter 10 overcome. The following is an exemplary embodiment a television camera designed according to the invention described.

In one shown in FIG. 4 shown television camera is a lens 21 on the base body 22 of the television camera removably attached. A pick-up tube 23 and an optical filter 24 which are an essential part of the invention forms are built into the base body 22 of the television camera. The optical filter 24 is in front of the pickup tube 23 arranged. The light coming from an object passes through the lens 21, the optical filter 24 and a color separation strip filter 26 provided in front of the pickup tube 23, and then reaches a target 27 of the pickup tube 23. The target 27 is scanned in the X direction, the scanning being sequential is shifted in the direction of -Y. At an output connection, not shown, of the target 27 occurs a chrominance multiplex signal. This chrominance multiplex signal is passed through demodulation circuit and a color coder within the base body 22 of the television camera and is then from Base body 22 of the television camera provided as a color video signal with a predetermined Color television system is compliant.

From FIG. Fig. 5 shows that the optical filter has stacked crystal plates 30, 31 and 32 contains that split or separate light. The crystal plate 30 is designed so that it hits a

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fendes light beam splits or in one direction separates, which is shown in FIG. 6 is indicated by an arrow 30A and with the scanning direction of the electron beam within the receiving tube 23 collapses. The indicated by the indicated arrow 30A Direction is in the X-axis. The crystal plate 31 is designed so that it is an incident Splits or separates light bundles in a direction shown in FIG. 6 represented by an arrow 31A and is rotated by 45 ° with respect to the scanning direction. The crystal plate 32 is designed so that it splits or separates an incident light beam in a direction shown in FIG. 6 by an arrow 32A is shown and is perpendicular to the scan direction. The direction indicated by arrow 32A coincides with the Y-axis.

In the case of the optical filter 24, a single incident light bundle 33 is thus split or separated in such a manner as is shown in FIG. 7A, 7B, 7C and 8 are shown. In FIG. 8 represent vectors V ™, V- ^ ₁ and V32 di ^e splitting or separating direction and the splitting or separation distance is in each of the crystal plates 30, 31 and 32nd

The incident light beam 33 initially reaches

a point P ₁₀ in the crystal plate 30. _{Birefringence occurs at point P 10} and, as shown in FIG. 7A and by the vector V ^ ₀ in FIG. 8, the incident light bundle 33 _{is split into an ordinary ray L Q} , which passes through the point P ₁₀ , and an extraordinary ray Lg, which passes through a point P ₁₁ in the crystal plate 30.

The rays Lq and Lg then reach im

• ^: "· ^: ·" ^: - 33383T7 -13-

Stack the crystal plate 31. The beams Lq and Lg are divided into components with respect to a direction which is coincident with the optical axis (rotated by 45 ° from the scanning direction) of the crystal plate 31 and with respect to a direction which is perpendicular to this optical axis on, then the beams (components) L _Q1 and Lg ₁ ordinary rays and the rays (components) Lq £ and L ^ are extraordinary rays in the crystal plate 31 FoIglieh the two beams Lq and Lg in the beams L _Q1 and Lg ₁ as well as in the rays L _Q 2 and

^ er crystal plate 31 split or separated. The rays Lq ₁ and Lg ₁ run in a straight line through points P ₁ Q and P ₁₁ in the crystal plate 31, as shown in FIG. 7B is shown. The points P ₁₀ and P ₁₁ in the crystal plate 31 coincide in each case with the points P ₁₀ and P ₁₁ in the crystal plate 30 when looking perpendicularly onto the plane formed by the X-axis and Y-axis. On the other hand, the rays L become _Q2

and Lg2 i ⁿ the direction broken, which is rotated by 45 ° with respect to the scanning direction. This is illustrated by vector 31 in FIG. 8 indicated. The rays L ₀₂ and thus pass points P ₁₂ and P _1,.

If one divides the four split or separated rays L ₀₁ , Lq ₂ »Lg ₁ and Lg ₂ into sine components and cosine components with respect to the X-axis and Y-axis, the rays (components) are LqIcos'

^L Q2sin ¹ ^ ^ Ksin ^au ^ ^erorc ^ ^en ^ ^ic ^ ^e rays and the rays (components) L _Q1sin , Lg _1sin , L _02cos and ordinary rays in the subsequent gesta-

C0S

pelten crystal plate 32. Of the rays which pass through points P ₁₀ to P ₁ in crystal plate 32, the ordinary rays thus pass through in a straight line, whereas the extraordinary rays are refracted in the direction of the Y-axis as it is through

the vector V ^ _{2 is shown} ⁱⁿ FIG. ⁸ . The rays passing through points P ^ q to P ₁ are therefore split or separated into eight rays which each pass through points P ₁₀ to P ₁ ^, as shown in FIG. 7C is apparent.

The light bundle that passes through the optical filter 24 thus experiences birefringence, and the creation or formation of the image is obtained with eight mutually separated points on the target 27 , as can be seen from FIG. 8 emerges. The energy distribution (spectrum) of the optical image at the target 27 with respect to the X-axis and the Y-axis takes the form shown in FIG. 8 shown.

Thus, in the optical filter 24, the incident light bundle 33 is split or separated by the crystal plates 31 and 32 in the direction of the Y-axis, and it is also split or separated in the direction of the X-axis by the crystal plates 31 and 32. Thus, each of the points P ₁ Q to P ₁ ™ can be described by two types of split or separation distances with respect to the Y-axis and the X-axis, respectively. If one denotes the separation distance caused by the crystal plate 32 with P ₁ and the separation distance caused by the crystal plate 31 with P ₂ , one can describe the light energy distribution of the split or separated image with respect to the direction of the Y-axis by the following equation, if one describes the light energy of the incident light bundle 33 assumes as a unit value (1):

G (Y) .JJf (γ _! Ü *! J2) ₊ «f (τ-

_(Y

In this equation, d "represents an if function.

• ^: " ^r "'" 33 303Ϊ7

If one subjects this function to a Fourier integration, one can use the MTF characteristic curve with respect to the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction describe the following equation:

co *

- co * *
= cosflf P ,, • cosftf

As can be seen from FIG. 9 shows the characteristic curve My, which is represented by a solid line is, no sharp drop when reaching the catch point, in contrast to the characteristic curve My, the is shown in dashed lines. The characteristic curve My reached rather the catch point gradually. In the representations according to FIG. 9 and 10, which will be explained later along the horizontal axis or abscissa are the electrical frequency and (the spatial frequency) applied.

It can be seen from the above equation that the MTF characteristic curve for the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction is dependent on the separation distances P ₁ and P 2 »that is, depending on the thickness t, _{1 of} the crystal plate 31 and the thickness t * _{2 of} the Crystal plate 32 changes. In the example considered, the crystal plate has t- 31 has a thickness ^ of 1.854 mm, and the crystal plate 32 has a thickness t, ₂ ^v o ⁿ 2j8857 mm _o One thus obtains an allowable limit Q (MTF of 0.4) of the color beat generation in the vertical interference signal frequency fy (3.13 MHz). If you carry out calculations with the above conditions and designate an electrical frequency with U, a first capture point U ₁ (= 1 / 2P ₁ ) at 4.5 MHz and a second result

Snap point U ₂ * («1 / 2P ₂ ) at 9.5054 MHz.

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If, on the other hand, the MÜF characteristic curve of the conventional example described above with respect to the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction such that it goes through the allowable limit Q is obtained for the electrical frequency U.

* y

which corresponds to the snap point U has a value of 4.25 MHz.

As a result, the curve of the MTF characteristic of the optical filter 24 with respect to the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction gradually decreases when the first capture point U ^ is approached and reached. Furthermore, the first capture point U _{1 is} arranged at a location which, compared to the location of the capture point U of the conventional optical filter 10 according to FIG. 1 is shifted towards the higher frequency range. The curves My and My ¹ thus coincide at point Q within a frequency band f. In which the color beating is generated. In the frequency range below the frequency fy, the curve My runs slightly below the curve My ¹ . In the frequency range above the frequency fy, the curve My runs higher than the curve My ¹ , specifically up to a frequency fy '. If the frequency fy ^{1 is} exceeded, curve M is below curve My ¹

Comparing the characteristic of the television camera including the optical filter 24 with that TV camera in which the conventional optical filter 10 is built, the following comparison result is obtained. from which the advantages of the television camera with the optical filter 24 emerge:

1. The effect of eliminating the color beating is approximately at the vertical noise frequency fy the same.

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2. The modulation transfer function MTF is somewhat lower in the frequency range below the frequency f ". However, the effect of eliminating the color beating is satisfactory in this frequency range. Since the decrease in the modulation transfer function MÜF is only slight in the frequency band lying below the frequency band f., There is no significant deterioration in the resolution.
10

3. In the frequency band above the frequency f _v , the modulation transfer function MÜF runs below the allowable limit of 0.4, but is up to the frequency f _v ^! considerably higher than for the conventional case represented ^{by the curve My 1.} In this frequency band it is therefore possible to keep the color beating below an allowable value and also to achieve a sufficient resolution. As a result, therefore, the resolution is improved as compared with a television camera having the conventional optical filter 10.

4. In the frequency band above the frequency f _v ', the modulation transfer function MÜF decreases, and the effect of eliminating the color beating is improved. The decrease in the modulation transfer function MÜF does not represent a problem in this frequency band.

The advantages associated with the above points 1 to 4 can be summarized in that the Television camera with the optical filter 24 has a characteristic that eliminates the vertical interference signal while maintaining the required balance in terms of resolution. This means, that the generation of color beating in the for

Scanning perpendicular direction is avoided, while maintaining a satisfactory resolution.

The modulation transfer function of the optical filter 24 can be seen with respect to the scanning direction by the following equation, in a manner similar to the equation for the Direction perpendicular to the scanning direction:

^M H ⁼ $ G (X) e "^ dx
- ω

= costff P _x1 .cos7? f Ρ _χ2

In this equation, G (X) represents the light energy distribution of the separated image with respect to the X-axis direction, Ρ _χ1 is the separation distance caused by the crystal plate 30, and P ^ is the separation distance caused by the crystal plate 31. This modulation transfer function MÜF valid for the scanning direction changes as a function of a thickness t ™ of the crystal plate 30 and the thickness t ^ of the crystal plate 31. In the example under consideration, the crystal plate 30 has a thickness t ™ of 3.02 mm. The thickness t «of the crystal plate 31 is 1.854 mm, as before.

The MTF characteristic for the scanning direction is shown in FIG. 10 represented by a curve M _H. Furthermore, in FIG. 10 shows the MTF characteristic of the conventional optical filter 10 for the scanning direction by a curve Mtt ¹ . The curve M ^ has two catch points, namely a first catch point U _x ^, which is located in a frequency range slightly above the catch point U of the curve M ^ ¹ , and a second catch point ϋ _χ2 , the coincides with a frequency 2f _H which is twice the carrier frequency f _H.

If one compares the characteristic curve with an optical one Filter 24 equipped television camera with that of the television camera, which the conventional optical Filter 10 contains, there are comparison results from which the following advantages of the optical Filter 24 equipped television camera flow:

1. The modulation transfer function MÜF is of course less than the allowable limit of 0.4 in a frequency band f ", which lies in the range of the carrier frequency and in which the horizontal interference signal is generated, and it is also lower than the allowable limit of 0.4 in a frequency band f ″, which _{lies in the range of the frequency 2f H} , that is to say twice the carrier frequency f _H , and in which the horizontal interference signal is generated. The generation of the color beating is therefore effectively prevented with respect to the scanning direction.

2. The MUF characteristic of the optical filter 24 is _{higher in the frequency band f ß} in the range of the frequency f _H and in a _{frequency range below f H} than the MUF characteristic of the conventional optical filter 10. With the television camera designed according to the invention is it is therefore possible to obtain a satisfactory resolution also in the scanning direction.

The optical filter 24 can be designed, for example, by a suitable choice of the thicknesses t ^ and t ™ of the crystal plates 31 and 32, so that the separation distances p ^ and Pp are equal to one another. If the thickness tz <j of the crystal plate 31 is, for example, 3.3101 mm and the thickness t ^ _{2 of} the crystal plate 32 is 2.3406 mm, the separation distances P ₁ and P ~ are equal to one another. In this case, the catch points U ₁ and Uj fall together, and a value of 5.548 MHz results for this common catch point U _{1 and U.} The MÜF identification

^: "· ^: '- ^: - S338317

line for the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction then takes the course of one shown in FIG. 9 curve My _{1 shown} . The characteristic curve My ^ is a curve which goes through the allowable limit Q at the frequency fy and then gradually drops even more gently than the curve My in the frequency range which is above the frequency fy. With a television camera having such an optical filter designed, it is possible to avoid deterioration in resolution in the frequency range above fy. It is thus possible to prevent the generation of the color beating and at the same time achieve a satisfactory resolution.

Instead of that in the exemplary embodiment under consideration The receiving tube 23 described can also be used in the television camera constructed according to the invention insert a semiconductor receiving element, i.e., a solid-state receiving element.

Furthermore, the optical filter 24 can be constructed in such a way that the places where the crystal plates 30 and 32 are interchanged. The crystal plate 31 remains unchanged between the crystal plates 30 and 32. Finally, in the optical filter 24, the separation direction in the crystal plate 31 should be chosen so that this direction is 45 ° clockwise with respect to the scanning direction is rotated or that this direction rotates counterclockwise by 45 ° with respect to the scanning direction is to avoid the generation of red fading.

In principle, the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments explained. As part of the According to the teaching of the invention, numerous different variations and modifications are conceivable.

Li / Gu

Claims (7)

Patent attorneys ... .:. · *. . * "." VO5O8 Reichel and Reichel \ ^: Ί. ** _: \ \ · _: " _: . _: ■ Parkstrasse 13 .1 .. .- »... Frankfurt a. M. 1 VICTOR COMPANY OF JAPAN, LTD ., Yokohama, Japan Claims TV camera that performs color separation using vertical correlation in an image, Containing a receiving element for scanning a target, a color separation strip filter and an optical one Filter for splitting a single incident light beam in a direction coincident with the scanning direction of the receiving element corresponds, as well as in a direction which is perpendicular to the scanning direction, by acting on the only incident light beam in two dimensions, the optical Filter has an arrangement in which a first birefringent transparent plate, a second birefringent transparent plate and a third birefringent transparent plate stacked on top of each other are, characterized in that the first birefringent transparent plate (30) splits a light beam in a direction which coincides with the scanning direction of the receiving element, that the second birefringent transparent plate (31) splits a light beam in a direction opposite the scanning direction is rotated by 45 °, and that the third birefringent transparent plate (32) splits a light beam in a direction perpendicular to the scanning direction. 2. TV camera according to claim 1, characterized in that that the stack arrangement of the optical filter is designed so that the second birefringent transparent Plate (31) at a location between the first and second birefringent transparent plates (30, 32) is located. 3. TV camera according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thicknesses (t, ^, W) of the second and third birefringent transparent plate (31, 32) are chosen so that the modulation transfer function characteristic (MÜF) of the optical filter with respect to the scanning direction perpendicular direction through an allowable limit (Q) for the color beating generation runs at a vertical interfering signal frequency (fy), which is obtained when the frequency of an interfering signal, when recording a stripe pattern with stripes running parallel to the scanning direction is generated, converted into a frequency related to the scanning direction. 4. TV camera according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thicknesses (t «t ^ 33) ^ ^he second and third birefringent transparent plate (31, 32) are chosen so that the modulation transfer function characteristic (MÜF) of the optical filter goes through an allowable limit (Q) for the color beat generation with respect to the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction and has a single capture point (U _y1 ). 5. Television camera according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thicknesses (t ™, t, «j) of the first and second birefringent transparent plate (30, 31) are chosen so that the modulation transfer function characteristic (MÜF) of the optical Filter has a first capture point (υ _χ1 ) in a frequency range above the carrier frequency (fjr) and a second capture point (υ _χ2 ) at a frequency that is twice as high as the carrier frequency with respect to the scanning direction. 6. TV camera according to claim 1, characterized in that that the direction of splitting of the second birefringent transparent plate (31) in the optical filter is chosen so that red fading is effectively eliminated. 7. TV camera according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the first, second and third birefringent transparent metal plates (30, 31, 32) of the optical filter each made of a crystal plate.