DE3323234A1 - Phase-controlled group antenna - Google Patents
Phase-controlled group antennaInfo
- Publication number
- DE3323234A1 DE3323234A1 DE19833323234 DE3323234A DE3323234A1 DE 3323234 A1 DE3323234 A1 DE 3323234A1 DE 19833323234 DE19833323234 DE 19833323234 DE 3323234 A DE3323234 A DE 3323234A DE 3323234 A1 DE3323234 A1 DE 3323234A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- setting
- group antenna
- diagram
- phase shifter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
- H01Q3/38—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
- H01Q3/385—Scan control logics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Phasengesteuerte GruppenantennePhased array antenna
Die Erfindung betrifft eine phasengesteuerte Radar-Gruppenantenne mit digital einstellbaren Phasenschiebern zur elektronischen Diagrammschwenkung Derartige Antennen besitzen eine besondere Flexibilität bei der Einstellung nahezu beliebiger Diagrammformen. Für eine bestimmte Form und Ausrichtung des Antennendiagramms läßt sich nach bekannten Algorithmen die entsprechende Phasenbelegung der Antennenapertur berechnen. Die errechneten Werte werden zur Einstellung der digital einstellbaren Phasenschieber herangezogen. Phasenfehler der Belegung des Aperturfeldes gegenüber der errechneten Sollbelegung entstehen z. B. infolge der Toleranz von Auskoppelschlitzen einer Speiseleitung und von elektrischen Längen der Zuleitungen. Um den resultierenden Phasenfehler durch mechanische Präzision hinreichend klein zu balten, sind genaue Einhaltung von Fertigungstoleranzen und aufwendige Nacharbeiten zum Trimmen von Leitungslängen u. ä. erforderlich.The invention relates to a phased array radar antenna with digitally adjustable phase shifters for electronic diagram panning Such antennas have a particular flexibility in setting almost any diagram shape. For a specific shape and orientation of the antenna diagram the corresponding phase allocation of the antenna aperture can be determined according to known algorithms to calculate. The calculated values are used to set the digitally adjustable Phase shifter used. Phase error compared to the occupancy of the aperture field the calculated target occupancy arise z. B. due to the tolerance of decoupling slots a feed line and electrical lengths of the feed lines. To the resulting Keeping phase errors sufficiently small by means of mechanical precision are precise Compliance with manufacturing tolerances and extensive reworking for trimming Cable lengths and the like required.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, mit geringem Aufwand bei einer Antenne der eingangs genannten Art durch Fertigungstoleranzen entstehende Phasenfehler in der Antennenapertur zu vermeiden.The object of the present invention is to achieve with little effort an antenna of the type mentioned above resulting from manufacturing tolerances To avoid phase errors in the antenna aperture.
Die Erfindung ist im Patentanspruch 1 beschrieben. Die Unteransprüche beinhalten vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung.The invention is described in claim 1. The subclaims include advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Die Anforderung an die mechanische Präzision können durch die erfindungsgemäße elektronische Phasenkorrektur merklich vermindert werden. Die durch Fertigungstoleranzen entstehenden Phasenabweichungen der Signalwege zu den einzelnen Strahlern (bei zweidimensionaler elektronischer Diagrammeinstellung) bzw. zu einzelnen Strahlerzeilen (bei eindimensionaler Diagrammeinstellung) vom Sollwert können durch Phasenmessung vor den Strahlern (bzw. Strahlerzeilen) der fertig montierten Antenne gemessen werden. Die gemessenen Phasenfehler werden als Korrekturwerte in einem Lesespeicher (ROM) abgelegt und bei der Diagrammeinstellung den für die jeweils gewünschte Form und Richtung des Antennendiagramms errechneten Einstellwerten für die digitale Einstellung der Phasenschieber überlagert.The requirement for mechanical precision can be met by the inventive electronic phase correction can be noticeably reduced. The through manufacturing tolerances phase deviations of the signal paths to the individual radiators (with two-dimensional electronic diagram setting) or for individual heater lines (with one-dimensional Diagram setting) from the setpoint value can be changed by measuring the phase in front of the radiators (resp. Emitter rows) of the fully assembled antenna can be measured. The measured phase errors are stored as correction values in a read-only memory (ROM) and when setting the diagram calculated for the desired shape and direction of the antenna diagram Setting values for the digital setting of the phase shifter are superimposed.
Wenn die Phasenfehler der Signalwege eine deutliche Frequenzabhängigkeit zeigen, werden vorteilhafterweise auch die Korrekturwerte in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz gespeichert.When the phase errors of the signal paths have a significant frequency dependence show, the correction values are advantageously also dependent on the Frequency saved.
Da die Phasenfehler der Zuleitungen zu den einzelnen Strahlerelementen von der Diagrammform unabhängig sind und die Vielfalt der möglichen Diagrammeinstellungen eine Phasenfehlermessung und -speicherung für jede Einstellung nicht zuläßt, werden die Phasenfehler bei einer bestimmten Diagrammeinstellung, vorzugsweise bei homogener Phasenbelegung des Aperturfeldes, gemessen. Bei dieser Diagrammeinstellung verbleibt aufgrund der digitalen Einstellung (Quantisierung) der Phasenschieber ein nicht weiter aus zugleichender Phasenfehler von maximal der halben Schrittweite der Einstellmöglichkeit der Phasenschieber, bei binäres Kodierung des Einstellwerts aleo + 1 LSB (LSB = 3r niedrigstwertiges Bit). Bei Einstellung einer anderen Abstrahlrichtung oder Diagrammform kann durch die Quantisierung des Korrekturwerts und des für das gewünschte Diagramm errechneten Werts sich ein Gesamtfehler von t 1 LSB ergeben.Because the phase errors in the supply lines to the individual radiator elements are independent of the diagram form and the variety of possible diagram settings phase error measurement and storage for each setting not allows the phase errors at a certain diagram setting, preferably measured with homogeneous phase occupancy of the aperture field. With this diagram setting the phase shifter remains due to the digital setting (quantization) a phase error of a maximum of half the step size, which does not continue at the same time the setting option of the phase shifter, with binary coding of the setting value aleo + 1 LSB (LSB = 3r least significant bit). When setting a different radiation direction or diagram form can be created by quantizing the correction value and the desired diagram calculated value results in a total error of t 1 LSB.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführung der Erfindung sieht zur Behebung dieses erhöhten Phasenfehlers vor, die Korrekturwerte mit höherer Genauigkeit zu speichern als es der Auflösung der Phasenschieber entspricht. Infolge Berücksichtigung der die Auflösung des Phasenschiebers übersteigenden Stellen wird ein weiterer Quantisierungs fehler durch die Korrektur vermieden. Es verbleibt ein maximaler Phasenfehler von der halben Schrittweite der Phasenschiebereinstellung, der bei Vorliegen des Korrekturwerts mit gleicher Genauigkeit nur durch Halbierung der Schrittweite der Phasenschiebereinstellbarkeit, also durch Hinzunahme eines weiteren Bits pro Phasenschieber zu erzielen gewesen wäre. Der zusätzliche Speicherplatzbedarf ist mit den zur. Verfügung stehenden elektronischen Speicherbausteinen billig und mit geringem Aufwand zu erzielen, wohingegen die Erweiterung aller Phasenschieber um 1 Bit Einstellgenauigkeit eine erhebliche Verteuerung der Antenne bewirkt. Die endgültigen Einstellwerte für die Phagenschieber ergeben sich aus den korrigierten Einstellwerten durch Rundung der die Einstellgenauigkeit übersteigenden Bits.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for remedial action this increased phase error propose the correction values with higher accuracy save as it corresponds to the resolution of the phase shifter. As a result of consideration the places exceeding the resolution of the phase shifter become a further quantization errors avoided through the correction. There remains a maximum phase error of half the step size of the phase shifter setting when the correction value is available with the same accuracy only by halving the step size of the phase shift adjustability, thus could be achieved by adding a further bit per phase shifter were. The additional storage space requirement is with the for. Available electronic To achieve memory modules cheaply and with little effort, whereas the expansion of all phase shifters by 1 bit setting accuracy a considerable increase in the cost of Antenna effects. The final setting values for the phage shifters result from the corrected setting values by rounding off those exceeding the setting accuracy Bits.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833323234 DE3323234A1 (en) | 1983-06-28 | 1983-06-28 | Phase-controlled group antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833323234 DE3323234A1 (en) | 1983-06-28 | 1983-06-28 | Phase-controlled group antenna |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3323234A1 true DE3323234A1 (en) | 1985-01-10 |
Family
ID=6202576
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833323234 Ceased DE3323234A1 (en) | 1983-06-28 | 1983-06-28 | Phase-controlled group antenna |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3323234A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0254649A1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-01-27 | Thomson-Csf | Process and device for compensating the frequency dispersion in an electronically scanned antenna and its use in a landing system of the MLS type |
EP0415574A2 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-06 | Gec-Marconi Limited | Antenna array |
US6198458B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2001-03-06 | Deltec Telesystems International Limited | Antenna control system |
US6573875B2 (en) | 2001-02-19 | 2003-06-03 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna system |
US6677896B2 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2004-01-13 | Radio Frequency Systems, Inc. | Remote tilt antenna system |
RU2817291C1 (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2024-04-15 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ярославское высшее военное училище противовоздушной обороны" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Method of eliminating false bearings in a passive radar station with a single survey of a rotating antenna-feeder system |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1353617A (en) * | 1970-08-22 | 1974-05-22 | Emi Ltd | Electronically steered aerial arrays |
-
1983
- 1983-06-28 DE DE19833323234 patent/DE3323234A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1353617A (en) * | 1970-08-22 | 1974-05-22 | Emi Ltd | Electronically steered aerial arrays |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PRESNELL, R.J.: A limited-scan phased-array antenna for use with a chutter-mapping radar- system. In: IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-22, Nr. 4, S. 599-603, Juli 1974 * |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0254649A1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-01-27 | Thomson-Csf | Process and device for compensating the frequency dispersion in an electronically scanned antenna and its use in a landing system of the MLS type |
FR2602096A1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-01-29 | Thomson Csf | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPENSATING THE FREQUENCY DISPERSION OF AN ELECTRONIC SCANNING ANTENNA AND APPLYING IT TO A MLS-TYPE LANDING SYSTEM |
EP0415574A2 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-06 | Gec-Marconi Limited | Antenna array |
EP0415574A3 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-07-17 | Gec-Marconi Limited | Antenna array |
US6198458B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2001-03-06 | Deltec Telesystems International Limited | Antenna control system |
US6346924B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2002-02-12 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US6538619B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2003-03-25 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US6567051B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2003-05-20 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US8558739B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2013-10-15 | Andrew Llc | Antenna control system |
US6590546B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2003-07-08 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US6600457B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2003-07-29 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US6603436B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2003-08-05 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna control system |
US6677896B2 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2004-01-13 | Radio Frequency Systems, Inc. | Remote tilt antenna system |
US6987487B2 (en) | 2001-02-19 | 2006-01-17 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna system |
US6573875B2 (en) | 2001-02-19 | 2003-06-03 | Andrew Corporation | Antenna system |
RU2817291C1 (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2024-04-15 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ярославское высшее военное училище противовоздушной обороны" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Method of eliminating false bearings in a passive radar station with a single survey of a rotating antenna-feeder system |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: TELEFUNKEN SYSTEMTECHNIK GMBH, 7900 ULM, DE |
|
8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8131 | Rejection |