DE3321525A1 - Lubricant combinations and their preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

A homogeneous dust-free lubricant mixture containing a fatty acid salt and a fatty acid amide having a base number smaller than 1 is obtained by reacting one equivalent of fatty acid in any order or simultaneously with 0.05 to 0.95 equivalent of an amine and 0.05 to 0.95 equivalent of an oxide or hydroxide of a divalent metal in the melt at 80 to 200 DEG C, the total of amine and metal compound amounting to about 1 equivalent.

Description

Rhein-Chemie Rheinau GmbH 6800 Mannheim 81

Mülheimerstr. 24-2

Jo / by-c ι 7 nc oo

Lubricant combinations and their production

Plastic molding compounds, made for example from polyvinyl chloride, Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene mixed and Graft polymers, polyolefins, polyamides, polycarbonates and curable polycondensates, a wide variety of additives such as antioxidants, Light stabilizers, lubricants, antistatic agents, flame retardants and pigments added,

The lubricants are used to ensure problem-free processability of the polymers by reducing the viscosity of the polymer melt to be processed and good demolding to ensure the finished parts.

Almost without exception, suitable lubricants contain longer hydrocarbon chains and can vary chemical substance classes. In many cases, mixtures of different lubricants, E.g. metal stearate used in a blend with fatty acid amides. For example, the combination is ethylene diamine distearate with Ca stearate in many cases

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suitable for increasing the extruder output. However show especially the fatty acid salts of divalent metals and the fatty acid amides, even when mixed with one another will have significant disadvantages.

It is disadvantageous, for example, that the metal salts of fatty acids, in particular alkaline earth stearates, cause dust to form tend to be fatty acid salts, e.g. higher quality alkaline earth salts, generally not through direct Implementation of metal oxide and fatty acids can be produced, but rather by so-called "salination" must be made from metal halide and the alkali salt of fatty acids, with for isolation of the product by filtration, washing out and drying, considerable effort is required and some fatty acid amides, such as ethylenediamine distearate, only with great manufacturing effort with a Base number less than 1 are to be produced.

It has now been found that with a homogeneous lubricant mixture prepared in a certain way surprisingly, these disadvantages can be avoided.

The invention therefore relates to a homogeneous mixture of lubricants from a fatty acid salt and a fatty acid amide obtained by reacting one equivalent Fatty acid in any order or together with 0.05 to 0.95 equivalents of an amine and 0.05 to 0.95 equivalents of an oxide or a hydroxide

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divalent metal in the melt at 80 to 200 ⁰ C, the sum of amine and metal compound is about 1 equivalent.

The reaction is preferably starts at 8 0 to 13O ⁰ C, in particular at 100 to 105 ⁰ C, and supplies it at 140 to 200 ⁰ C, particularly at 160 to 180 ⁰ C at the end. It is advisable to continuously distill off the water of reaction during the reaction.

In particular, per equivalent of fatty acid becomes 0.2 to 0.8 Equivalents of amine and 0.8 to 0.2 equivalents of metal compound reacted.

For work-up, the melt of the lubricant mixture according to the invention is, for example, allowed to cool and crushes them mechanically, in particular by grinding.

5 The milled mixture is non-dusting and has independent the order in which the reactants are added a base number below 1.

, Suitable metal compounds are the oxides and hydroxides of calcium, zinc, magnesium and barium. Preferred are calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide.

Suitable fatty acids are, in particular, straight-chain, saturated fatty acids with 12 to 20 carbon atoms is stearic acid.

Suitable amines are primary mono- and diamines with 2 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, n-hexylamine or laurylamine.
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The inventive method and the inventive Mixtures offer the further essential advantage that the lubricant mixture in the state of the melt any further plastic additives can be mixed in, optionally with the supply of heat, for example the additives listed on page 1, first paragraph. Thus, for the processor of polymers the Significantly simplify the incorporation process for all additives.

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Example 1 ■

You put 260 kg of stearic acid in a stirred tank before and heated to 105 ⁰ C. 22.4 kg of ethylenediamine are then introduced with stirring and the mixture is subsequently stirred for 1 hour; thereby allowing the temperature to 18O ⁰ C increase. Then 6.7 kg of calcium hydroxide are added and the mixture is allowed to react ^{at 180 ° C. for 2 hours.} The water of reaction is distilled off during the entire reaction time. The melt obtained is drained into a sheet metal pan and, after cooling, is comminuted and ground. The ground material does not generate dust and has a base number of 0.3.

Example 2

1000 g of stearic acid and calcium oxide are placed in a three-necked flask with stirrer and descending condenser, ^{brought to 90 °} C. and 90.5 g of ethylenediamine are added dropwise with stirring. Then the temperature slowly is raised to 180 ⁰ C. and left at this temperature until all water of reaction Abdes £ is illiert, which takes about 3 to 4 hours to complete. The product obtained is drained off and, after cooling, ground. The ground material does not produce dust and has a base number of 0.25.

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Example 3

19.5 g of the ground material according to Example 1 and 1.3 kg a powdery mixture of 70 wt .-% styrene / acrylonitrile polymers and 30% by weight styrene / acrylonitrile grafted Polybutadiene is plasticized in an internal laboratory kneader, pulled out to form a roller skin and comminuted.

The material can be z. B. on injection molding machines to moldings of the same quality as in the comparative example to process.

Comparative example

13 g of ethylenedistearyl acid amide with a base number of 0.4 and 6.5 g of calcium stearate, made from calcium chloride and Sodium stearate, as in Example 3 with 1.3 kg of a powdery mixture of 70% by weight with styrene / acrylonitrile polymers and 3 0 wt .-% with styrene / acrylonitrile grafted polybutadiene plasticized to form a roller head stripped and crushed.

From the material moldings are produced in an injection molding machine at 220 ⁰ C, which can be properly removed from the mold and free from defects.

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Claims (4)

Claims 1. Homogeneous lubricant mixture containing a fatty acid salt and a fatty acid amide obtained by reacting one equivalent of fatty acid in any order or together with 0.05 to 0.95 equivalents of an amine and 0.05 to 0.95 equivalents of an oxide or hydroxide of a divalent metal in the melt at 8 0 to 200 ⁰ C, the sum of amine and metal compound being about 1 equivalent. 2. Lubricant mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that that 1 equivalent of fatty acid with 0.2 to 0.8 equivalents of amine and 0.8 to 0.2 equivalents Metal compound is implemented. 3. Lubricant mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the fatty acid is a straight-chain, saturated C ₁₂ "kis C_ ₂ fatty acid, the amine is a primary aliphatic mono- or diamine with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and the metal compound is an oxide or hydroxide of calcium, Zinc, magnesium or barium. 4. A process for the production of a homogeneous lubricant mixture containing a fatty acid salt and a fatty acid amide, characterized in that one equivalent of fatty acid in any series RC 137 follow or together with 0.05 to 0.95 equivalents of an amine and 0.0 5 to 0.95 equivalents of an oxide or hydroxide of a divalent metal in the melt at 80 to 200 ⁰ C, the sum of amine and metal compound also reacting is about 1 equivalent.