DE3315610A1 - CONE CRUSHERS - Google Patents

Description

GRUNECKt R. KINKELDEY, STOCKMAIR & PARTNER

PATENT LAWYERS do «O ** eAN WATENT ATTOBNEVS

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Cone crusher

· '· "- 33156

CONE CRUSHER

The invention relates to a cone crusher with eirv; m crusher head rotatable in relation to the frame, which carries a first, preferably removable crusher jacket, a crushing gap in relation to a second crushing jacket mounted on part of the frame so that it can be removed delimits.

With cone crushers of this type, both crushing jackets and the conical one are usually exchangeable The crushing head is used to preset the working gap and to adjust it to compensate for the Breaking surfaces occurring wear can be raised and lowered.

The facing working surfaces of the crushing head and the jacket form a downwardly narrowing gap which is mainly V-shaped in cross-section is. The gap width determines the maximum particle size in the comminuted mass, and the gap angle] is important for the flow function. If the gap angle is too small, the performance of the crusher will decrease reduced, and if the gap angle is too large, for example over 25-30 °, that of the downward movement is larger particles have the opposite resistance inadmissibly high, and these larger particles even tend to be pushed up and block the crushing gap.

The wear and tear of the work surfaces can thus through Lifting of the breaker head can be compensated for, but this usually also reduces the gap inlet angle and the gap opening width is reduced, thereby increasing the crushing performance is worsened.

You want the optimal crushing gap size and the optimal input angle for a certain crushing work as far as possible unchanged. Would the wear and tear of the work surfaces of the inner and outer

Crushing mantles are made uniformly from the mouth of the gap to the outlet of the gap, so the gap width would be synchronized increase uniformly with wear, and wear could easily be increased by axially lifting the refractive copy can be compensated without changing the important parameters in relation to the initial setting. Of the However, wear increases in the downward direction in the crushing gap, and one contributing reason is that larger good pieces only a very small percentage represent the entire mass to be crushed, for example stones.

Most of the mass therefore runs through the crushing gap without being crushed and touches it not even the upper parts of the work surfaces Crushing jackets, which are therefore compared with the lower parts of the work surfaces, where the fine crushing takes place, are only worn to a relatively small extent.

About the problem of increasing wear towards the lower part of the gap and the resulting wear To eliminate consequential problems, US Pat. No. 3,614,004 proposes reducing the level of wear and tear above. The outer crushing jacket is therefore with axial depressions and projections with a depth that decreases downwards and projections and depressions which are perpendicular to this and extend in a ring around the inside of the jacket to train.

However, it is very impractical to intentionally weaken part of the refractive surfaces in order to thereby cause a to bring about a certain, local increase in wear, because in this way you get natural also an increase in the overall wear and tear. In addition, it is difficult to measure the wear and tear in the To control the gap, and should this not succeed, the result will be purely random. Finally can be found that an intentional increase in wear at the top of the working gap, to this end

a uniform sole over the entire working gap to achieve, there is no guarantee that the gap parameters will compensate for the wear Lifting of the breaker head can be restored. In order to achieve such a guarantee, in must be accepted The work surfaces also fall in a cone shape and be parallel, but a parallelism of the working surfaces over the entire gap height is with the conditions a trouble-free passage and a satisfactory crushing performance are not compatible. To these conditions to meet, the crusher must have an input and working gap that is sufficiently wide at the top and behind becomes narrower at the bottom.

Another disadvantage of the construction according to US Pat. No. 3,614,004 is the difficulty in making them competitive Priced to manufacture interchangeable crushing jackets, some of which are smooth, cone-shaped Work surface and another part has a complicated undulating work surface. If you look at the Mode of action, one cannot disregard the risk of machine damage as a result of the undulating Depressions and projections of the shell in combination with the circular pendulum motion of the crushing head increases.

The invention is based on the object of providing a cone crusher with a relatively simple design To create crushing surfaces that can be readjusted after wear by lifting the crushing head, so that the original gap width is restored in the lower part exposed to wear, without that the gap width is significantly reduced as a result of the lifting of the crushing head in the area of the gap inlet.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by that the invention the features mentioned in claim 1 and, in preferred embodiments, the has features mentioned in claims 2-4.

The invention is illustrated in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which the upper Part of a cone crusher with attached according to the invention Crushing jackets is shown in axial section. The cone crusher shown in the drawing includes a frame 1 and a crushing head 2 arranged for a circular pendulum movement. upper part 3 of the frame 1, an annular crushing jacket 4 is mounted, which together with a the annular crushing jacket 5 mounted on the conical crushing head 2 delimits an annular crushing gap 6, which in the axial section shown in the drawing has a downwardly decreasing width.

When the cone crusher is in operation, the crushing head 2 is actuated by means of a suitable drive (not shown) driven and is set in a circular pendulum movement, i.e. a movement during which the two Crushing jackets 4, 5 approach along a circumferential generating line, as in the right part of the drawing, and each other apart along a diametrically positioned generatrix, as shown in the left-hand part of the drawing is. The pre-setting of the crushing gap 6 is carried out by axially adjusting the crushing head 2 by means of a not adjustment device shown, and the gap width, which must not be so small that the two crushing mantles Touching 4, 5 determines the degree of refraction.

As already mentioned at the beginning, the crushing jackets are subject to wear and tear, and this wear and tear is. mostly in the lower part of the crushing gap 6 largest. The crushing jackets and at least the outer crushing jacket 4 must therefore be interchangeable in the simplest possible way, and between these occasions the crushing gap 6 must be readjusted so that the gap width does not become inadmissibly larger. It is desirable that the adjustment of the crushing gap occurs with the smallest possible change in the gap opening width can be. Too small a gap width

complicates the input of the goods into the actual crushing gap and prevents the input of larger pieces, and if the gap angle is too large, the crushing jacket surfaces tend to push larger parts back upwards. This prevents the crushing of the larger pieces, which also prevents the input of smaller ones Block pieces so that the crusher performance is generally poor. As from the introduction to the description As can be seen, attempts have been made to overcome these difficulties by making coats more complex Waveform, but they are not a perfect solution to the problem and are also very costly are.

The invention solves this problem by a special design of the breaking head jacket 5 in particular with regard to the shape of the outer, concave crushing jacket 4.

In the construction according to the invention, the facing working surfaces of the two crushing jacket 4, 5 in the upper part of the crushing gap formed so that extensions f, f, in the upward direction of radially opposite generatrices g, g, are mainly parallel or at a slight angle include, according to an advantageous embodiment is at most as large as the highest pendulum angle of the crushing head, with the extensions f, f, the generatrix are mainly straight lines or form arcuate lines, both of which are in the same Direction in relation to the geometrical axis of the crushing head and preferably in the outward direction turned off this axis.

The invention avoids a substantial change in the gap inlet angle and the gap width a, a ^ in the gap inlet in one to compensate for wear carried out lifting of the crushing head.

The working surfaces of the crushing mantles can be below have a conventional shape, i.e. a shape that is characterized by it. that the work surfaces are mainly

«F

Borrowed are conical and one in the downward direction delimit the narrowing gap.

To achieve the object of the present invention, the opposing surfaces could of the two crushing jackets 4, 5 at the inlet to the crushing gap generators, which themselves or with their extension delimit two concentric cylinder surfaces. However, the definition of the invention reveals the:; the upper end portions of these generatrices or their extensions are mainly parallel, conical Define surfaces or curved, parallel surfaces.

For practical reasons, it is preferred that the inner crushing jacket 5 is in the starting position of the Crushing head 2, i.e. when the inner crushing jacket 5 is new, its upper end is lower than the upper end End of the outer crushing jacket 4. Only when the crushing head is lifted to compensate for wear is the upper part of the outer crushing jacket 4 used for the crushing work, and this means that the effective, axial length of the crushing gap is essentially unchanged despite the wear.

Claims (4)

33156 PATENT CLAIMS 1. A cone crusher with a crushing head (2) which is rotatable in relation to the frame (1) and which has a first, preferably removable crushing jacket (5), dor in relation to a second, on a part (3) of the frame (1) removably mounted crushing jacket (4) delimits a crushing gap (6), characterized in that the working surfaces facing each other of the two crushing jackets (4, 5) are designed such that the extensions (f, f.) in an upward direction from radially opposite generators (g, g,) to the working surfaces delimiting the crushing gap of the crushing mantles (4, 5) are mainly parallel or include an angle so that the opening width of the gap (a, a,) is essentially constant regardless of the axial position of the breaking head. 2. Cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the extensions (f, f,) of the generatrix mainly form straight, parallel lines. 3. Cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the extensions (f, f ^) of the generatrices form arcuate, mainly parallel lines which are bent in the same direction in relation to the geometric axis of the crushing head and preferably outwards from this axis ind. 4. Cone crusher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the normal starting position of the crushing head (2), when the inner crushing jacket (5) carried by the crushing head (2) is new, the upper end of this inner crushing jacket (5) is lower than the upper end of the outer crushing jacket (4), the difference in height preferably is large enough to compensate for a lifting of the crushing head (2) carried out to compensate for wear.