DE3244425A1 - Vacuum-steam-water raising - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

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Patent application: "VACUUM STEAM WATER LIFT" W a s e r h e b u n g via evaporation under vacuum, conduction of the steam in pipes and the above condensation of the steam (about 500m -3,000m higher, e.g. in the mountains) for Filling of reservoirs / basins for watering high altiplanos / highland areas and / or for the use of drops or the filling of risers Water power machines, preferably such. Types that (e.g. GB-PS 127815) save water - For VACUUM STEAM WATER LIFTING, solar heat is used (focus; collectors; Black bottom basin) for heating water to over 15 ° Celsius, which is then under vacuum Vaporizes.-A vacuum is created once-for-all for the facility prior to commissioning.

created. The water already evaporates at 11 ° C under a good vacuum.

It then rises in thermos-like heat-insulated pipes that are at least lined inside with reflective silver coating / silver paper or similar metal foil and are wrapped in rock wool against the effects of cold, many hundreds to a thousand meters high, with a small light pump helping if necessary. Above if wind power is used, in wind tunnel funnels; collected air flow, To operate a steam jet pump that maintains the vacuum (i.e. no Impact of air into the pipes downwards) and at the same time the Sucks out water vapor because the suction force, i.e. the wind speed, is chosen in this way becomes (by narrowing the wind tunnel) that a stronger vacuum can be achieved, than there is even below.

Another one, without a wind funnel (with a 50 m mouth and a wind tunnel less than 1 m in width), the extraction of steam under vacuum is as follows: The steam is easily sucked in and stored in cold chambers, for example in the mountain, in each case after the closure of the supply pipe with air then being blown in through valves for condensation brought because it is below 30 ° C or in any case below 100 ° C, that is, it condenses again at normal pressure.

If necessary, instead of air inlet into this chamber, only only by hydraulics / by gravity of weights / the normal pressure of a little over 1 kp / cm² can be achieved, so that the steam condenses momentarily to water.

Two chambers must be available to alternate steam Record.-Below is a covered, filled pelvic chamber, in the vacuum prevails, evaporates; by introducing heat through coils, which are heated with parabolic mirrors Water can flow through it or in another suitable and economical way Conducting heat / or with another type of heating of the vacuum chamber / Das Water is previously made use of in this chamber in the following way Heaviness of earth embedded in weights A vacuum chamber is slowly raised to the ceiling filled with water from which the air escapes - through a valve. Refill The first flap that feeds water is closed tightly up to the ceiling, and a second chamber flap is opened, which is opened to the boiler (i.e. to the actual evaporation chamber; the antechamber is just a lock), after the first door is closed. The water flows out of the antechamber.

then by its own weight into the lower vacuum boiler boiler (the main chamber). In this way, only water comes into the main chamber (identical with evaporation chamber); in the antechamber arises above the sinking water a real vacuum.

To ensure constant refilling of this boiler = this main chamber ensure, two such de-aerator locks are to be created, with 3e an associated boiler; these locks and boilers work in time, i.e. when one is filled from the outside, the other slows down towards its boiler emptied.

Even with the appropriate valve and flap system, only one Main chamber = only one boiler should be provided Of course, you must first fill the locks again with the relevant flap to the boiler have been closed. The next push comes into the almost empty lock Water also air in. So the vacuum there expires.

But again it is completely filled up to the ceiling with water, whereby the air is again allowed to escape through a valve - as before. This process repeats itself at each of the two locks, and so one after the other then becomes water in the resp. given the boiler, which together with the pipe (s) that are far behind Lead up (500 m - 3,000 m altitude) before it was vacated, before at all initiation has started.-So this feed deaerator needs no energy whatsoever for the vacuum-securing, vacuum-maintaining supply de Svste.rn If necessary, from the respective second chamber lead a pipe that only then leads the water into the boiler, in other words, that the 2nd chamber itself is not yet the appropriate boiler. In this line is a non-return valve against steam upper condensation cooling chambers at the desired height will be for the respective further refills in the following way, also using the lock method: Condensed water runs down to the floor and from there into a small basin in a corner / Place in the cooling chamber, which fills up to the edge. Then the cooling chamber but still kept isolated. Now the basin is covered, and sealingly; or rather the basin was a small chamber with an upper inflow, and this becomes sealed closed. Now, on the one hand, vacuum steam can be supplied to the cooling chamber and on the other hand, from the small condensation water chamber (see small "Basin") when a lower flap is opened in it the condensation water due to its weight into a deeper chamber below, whereby air from ### through a second opening can escape to the outside. But not all condensation it must be the residual water in the small pelvic chamber such a volume and thus have such a weight that there is sufficient pressure to prevent penetration when the water flows out of air bubbles from below, which is ensured by the sufficient weight is. For this purpose, the pool is possibly over 10 m high; it's just "small" in terms longitude and latitude, but so low that the hydrostatic pressure caused a rise of Air prevents.

For this purpose it has already been pre-filled before commissioning The bottom flap of the Pelvic chamber to be closed again.

But the water that has run off by then is free to be passed on an. the reservoir, the constant refilling of which is the aim of the operation. -Only The use of gravity on the weight of the water is therefore a safeguard in this lock system below (at the foot of the mountain or the water tower) as above (in the height) the maintenance of the vacuum for all time (100 and more operating yes).

(For this detail see also OS 25 27 912 of December 30, 1976, Thermomagnetkraftwerk, Pages 12-14, locks in the vacuum steam heater system .--) And for the lifting, the Upward transport of the steam is the cheapest Property of the physical state the vapor form used.

) ies is a bionic bond. Bionics examines the construction principles the nature; for one can learn from nature: And here the fact is used that vapor is light, that it rises above its relative warmth, furthermore in a variant, let winds be able to drive away steam (in clouds) -: here that a sucking one Wind // in the wind tunnel of a wind funnel // sucks the steam up in a pipe. In In another variant, the fact is used bionically here that coolness / cold, how it prevails at higher altitudes, where the steam condenses, and that alone is enough Suction generated, here by means of the condenser cooling chamber above.

What now, if necessary, in a tropical region, for example, not without further ado, safe supply of refrigerant for the condenser chambers is concerned where appropriate the sun's focal point heat used to create an absorber-cooker-periodic To ensure refrigeration, as is generally known on the basis of the flame-powered Chiller that was a forerunner of the compressor chiller - it is So there is a matter of periodically covering the boiler of a PQrabolic mirror focus, when the absorber phase is running, and for those converging on the boiler at the focal point Sun rays of the parabolic mirror to give free path when the cooker phase of the heat driven chiller is running. As known ((Source: Small Encyclopedia "Technology" by A.H. Uhlmann, edited by Beer, Benno / Linsbauer, Valentine / Lüden, Erich / Niese, Gerhard, Leipzig 1957, S.111f)) - is used in the absorption refrigeration machine, which is usually periodic works, the evaporating refrigerant ammonia through an absorbent, calcium chloride, absorbed. A flame drives the absorbed refrigerant out of the absorber in the Cooker phase off again; it flows through a condenser vessel (for ammonia) where it after cooling to room temperature as a result of the heating caused Condensed pressure. The liquefied refrigerant flows into an evaporator vessel (here: the cooling chambers to be cooled, in pipe coils) and evaporates under heat m e v e r b u c h after switching off the heating (here: covering the boiler or turning the mirror away) and the associated pressure reduction (cooling period). Since the absorption chillers have no moving parts, they work very hard operationally safe. There are also continuous absorption chillers it (via evaporation of concentrated aqueous ammonia solution in the cooker for Generation of ammonia gas at high pressure, which is in the liquefier when it cools down liquefied, then in a hydrogen cycle run occurs, where its partial pressure is lowered and it evaporates, withdrawing heat from its surroundings. The evaporation is accelerated by the fact that the weak Ammonia solution in the absorber greedily absorbs ammonia vapors it is concentrated and flows back into the cooker as a strong solution) The cold can on cooling brine transferred, i.e. to saline solutions that are well below the freezing point of the water are liquid, and you let the brine in cooling coils through the cooling rooms to be cooled circling.-So even in deserts you can build cooling rooms with sun rays if they are skilfully built operate and set up the above steam-raising and liquefaction.

Explanation of figures for sketch 1 1 = hermetically sealed water reservoir with little water 2 = little water in reservoir 1, into which the focal point is from .t falls and turns into steam 3 = -Plexiglass lens, or plastic glass lens, filled with water for focusing the sun's rays, extendable at an angle upwards with room enlargement, Hermetically sealed by 14 in order to also use oblique rays of the sun.

4 = Steam rises from the water bath, which goes to 5, under the greatest possible extent previous air extraction, vacuuming, evaporation already from 110C.

5 = very long steam pipe laid in the mountains through which the Steam is sucked up, about 500-1000 m high 6 = Huge wind funnel to the Catching the hair dryer, wind, etc., which can be swiveled in the mountains (not shown here; on rail / circular rail) 7 = nozzle at the end of the wind tunnel for sweeping suction des Damp fes from 5 to 9 8 = "steam jet pump", here the wind is the acting Wait a minute - the steam (and first the air) from 1 and 5 is the passively entrained. That Housing surrounds the nozzle on all sides, 9 G all around (not here due to lack of space shown) wide arch of the wind steam tunnel behind the wind jet pump, if possible also in several .reren spirals with very large diameters, feed in huge widening Room with 11 11 = hollow slabs cooled by mountain water or otherwise cooled slabs and Cooling coils (e.g. with cooling brine) for condensing the water vapor, which alone but already condensed by the fact that the normal air pressure prevails here again. That is why the plates can be without cooling, they only serve to break the wind and for draining off condensation after 13.

12 = Wind outlets, window-like at the end of the large area, if necessary with cooling coil grille in front of it (in front of the window from inside) 13 = condensation water collecting basin, or drain to feed a now elevated reservoir of water Pressure output via riser to Sallust's and other hydrostatic ones below Pressurized water short-pulse piston machines etc. j @ or usable, in case of excess, for Irrigation of high mountain slopes et 14 = recess for the inclined projection of the lens nacri above for the then necessary sheathing of the sides and Abirhtung 15 = dashed line Lens shown in an inclined position for focusing from oblique incident light. This lens is with the hinge 20 on the outer rim of FIG 1 can be rotated sealingly and pivoted by 20 into the inclined position, including 14.

16 = thermal insulation of the long steam pipe (quite wide) against Loss of heat to the environment (air and soil, rock). This insulation exists known from aluminum foil and known packs etc.

17 = Rerggelände, or support 18 = shown in dashed lines, higher Moved pelvic floor because of the high focal point when the large ones are inclined Lentil, water - which, as is well known, must not be too much (and supplied later is (see sketch 2) - is also drawn with dashed lines in a higher position. Of the The pelvic floor is z mbgllchat with black tar paper or with black or covered / painted in order not to send back heat rays, but to send them in the pool to save.

19 = water in a higher position above 18 20 = hinge or pivot point for the inclination of the lens 3/15, provided with locking.

Explanation of figures for sketch 2 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 13 as in sketch 1; possibly 6 smaller if there is constant strong wind; then funnel sharpener.

21 = large cooling chamber for relaxing the steam and cord sation. This is only periodically filled with steam, then closed against 4 out of 5, returned through valve 23 with air inlet under normal pressure, with condensation water precipitates and drains at 13. Then 23 and 13 are closed, and 25 opened, with the flap 24 closed, and through 26 with a wind jet fan pump a new vacuum is created in 21. Also closing from 25 to 26 and then Opening of 24 for renewed steam inlet.

There must always be two such chambers standing next to each other and working. If one of the chambers is closed, the other chamber should open at the same time for 24 have.

Likewise, wind jet pump 8 works once for one chamber, (25 open), while 25 is closed for the other, and once for the other chamber, alternately in rotation - '2 = cool beat with the flow of cold mountain spring water 3 = air inlet valve for 21 for the opening of the sudden full condensation by increasing the pressure from normal atmospheric pressure.

4 = tightly closing flap at the upper end of 5 or

at the feed to the respective chamber 21 (there are - see explanation under 21! - always to set up at least 2 chambers 21), in order to during the rainy season Foreclose 21 against 5.

5 = close tightly ae flap. Will only open when re-in 21 a vacuum is to be created.

5 = opening tube piece between 21 and 8. In it is 25.

7 = Low power delivery pump for easy suction of steam 4 through 5 from the bottom to 21.

Explanation of figures for sketch 3 Deaerator for evaporation basin 28 = Evaporation basin, e.g. like 1, but also simply by solar panels or when be heated differently.

It is only vacated once, before the first start-up by 40, possibly together with 5.

40 = shut-off valve between 28 and 35, closed when the system is in operation 29 = connecting pipe between the large "pot" 30 above and the evaporation basin (Boiler) 28. So that 30 28 does not interfere, 29 must be laid longer accordingly as sketched here.

Note: two or more potsew 30 with 29 are provided, which are not shown here, in order to be in time; feed in water one after the other can; if necessary, you also need two or more evaporation basins (boilers), see above that vacuum steam can be produced continuously.

30 = water inlet antechamber or "pot" in which water - enclosed Valve 34-- is let into the ceiling under 31, while 32 possibly Air can escape. After 30 is completely filled, 32 is closed, 34 opened after 31 has been closed under water without the slightest air enter 28 due to its own severity. Then closure of valve 34 and new one Water in 30! -31 = sealing cap of 30, with filler neck above it closed when 34 open.

32 = air outlet valve from 30, on the upper edge. When filling 30 through 31 open. Closed when 34 open.

33 = If necessary, closing flap between 28 and steam riser pipe 5.

34 = valve closure of 29. It is closed when 30 is filled and while water evaporates in 28, because 30 is already being refilled. Otherwise from 28 no reason to open if only 32 and 31 are closed included.

35 = vacuum pump, which only works once, before first start-up or must be started after shutdowns or, if necessary, after the night 34 closed, possibly also 33, if 5 not above, in front of the cooling chamber / condenser chamber Is blocked.

36 = Focal point flow bollard for preheating water in parabolic mirrors or trough mirror rows = 7 = parabolic mirror, o¼'er prabolic trough, only sketched here, more distant, bigger.

38 = supply and discharge of water. Infeed may also be located higher.

Explanation of digits, especially to sketch 5 = steam riser pipe, here entrance in the cooling chamber (s) at the top 39 = cooling chambers with cold brine cooling beats or others Cooling without mixing with the vacuum water.

5 and 39 belong to the entire evacuated system, Das --in this Variant - remains closed. The cooling takes place below 11 ° C here.

40 = (still to sketch @ :) Closing valve of the pipe to 28, blocks 35 if sufficient vacuum has been taken before commissioning.

41 = "small", high basin in d @ s by 42 additional condensation water is collected at the remaining height of 10 m. It is filled all the way to the top until to the leakage plate at 42.

42 = hermetically lockable condensation water supply from 39 to 41. After 41 has been completely and completely filled, sealing shut-off until water in 41 at 47 (remaining water level) leaked after 43 through the 44th opening only again, 43 = "large" collecting basin for the condensation water below 41, from it is used, e.g., riser pipe of hydrostatic short-pulse piston machines, Eccentric machines etc. fed (Sallusto; Goeres).

if 44 = shut-off valve from 41 to 43. There is shooting, the water level (iOj) has been reached in 111 by running.

45 = air outlet valve. Opened when water drains from 41 in 48 T; s is preferably a non-return valve: only pressurized air can escape but if possible no air through this into 43.

46 = height of 41, e-twa e.g. 12 inches or more, between this height and the absolute height mark of 10m, which must not be undercut the "small" basin can be wider and wider like a tub. such as 4 ') shows.

47 = water level of 10m in 41, must always be exceeded remain so as not to destroy the upper vacuum when the space 49 in 41 is let out. Water pressure against air pressure from below from 43 with open 44.

48 = exit from 43, with 45 open and 44 closed.

If 44 is open, 48 must remain closed. Air is allowed through 48 Hit 43 in when it drains.

49 = The part of the "small" basin, possibly wide / wide like a tub 41 above water level 47 (10m residual height), which run out after the closure of 42 can, with falling water level, up to @@ mark 10m through 47.

Claims (2)

Claims: preamble / main claim: 1. I hereby ask for Patent protection for a system for raising water to a considerably higher level via the detour of the possible evaporation of the water under vacuum when using natural warming, characterized in that parabolic mirrors are used by means of focal point heat or under water-filled Plexiglas or plastic glass lenses in hermetically sealed and evacuated containers the living water is transformed into steam, above 11 ° C, the evaporation temperature of water under vacuum, using other heating methods can be applied, which is thin in a heat-insulated steam riser pipe as great a height as possible is brought to be brought to condensation there, where after leaving the cooling chambers for high reservoirs of water for the purpose of high-altitude irrigation in mountains / mountains / mountain terraces, or intended use for riser filling / refilling of water pressure machines, e.g. Sallusto's hydraulic improved short pressure impulse piston machines is distributed with very high risers but economical water consumption. 2.) Vacuum steam water lifting system according to claim 1, characterized thereby, that in front of the lenses, if necessary, optically refractive Plexiglas Prisaus, also water-filled, are attached; respectively. that the lens is put up at an angle, with simultaneous lifting a recessed, all-round wall attached to it, which can also be pulled apart like a telescope can be, for the hermetic seal of the evaporation container / boiler also in this Position of the lens, or that the boiler is pivotable as such, and coupled with a necessary heaving of the container bottom so that the focal point under the Always drop the lens into the water, which is not too much in the container may, but is refilled # vacuum steam water lifting system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the heat-insulated steam riser pipe, for example 500-1000 high leading, to a wind jet pump, which from the wind side via a Eg 50 m wide wind funnel in a nozzle of great narrowness leaking the steam, and the air is sucked out of the boiler and the steam line beforehand and it is schwun-arches Arches of a guide tube in a widening, cooled Chamber or cool mountain chamber brings to condensation under normal air pressure and cool, sloping, obstructive plates, the wind becomes there after several breaks from many smaller windows becomes 4.) Vacuum steam water lifting system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that apart from the unilateral lifting the lens and inclination on the hinge or ball joint 20, also the lens, or its entire sloping tower, in the round rim of the container opening for the lens wi an axis perpendicular to this circular area, or tower axis, rotated can be so as to turn this lens in an inclined position towards the flat sun to be able to do what everyone has to do automatically. 5.) Vacuum steam water lifting system according to claim 1 and 2, and 4 characterized in that one driven by an auxiliary motor in the steam riser light feed pump of low power is built in, which the steam upwards conveys, sucks in, if necessary / whenever necessary, and that two (at least two such steam lines are available, which, alternately in the text, an associated cooling chamber, with, for example, mountain spring water with great coolness in coiled pipes Flow through, fill with steam, which never forms condensation water, after which it flows off, whereby but the condensation takes place in the presence of air at normal pressure in each case should, or in the main only take place after the steam supply again has been interrupted, and after which an upper, here smaller wind jet pump, It is only switched on before it worked for the second condenser chamber, which works out of phase, tlie above is - when the condensation is complete, what some moments lasts, so that now a new vacuum is created in the cooling chamber before the same others again, after completing, or. Keeping all openings and valves closed, can be filled with steam again. 6.) Vacuum-steam water lifting system according to claims 1 and 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that to fill the lower evaporation system or of the boiler, a deaerator is provided for the supply of top-up water, which does not consume any energy, since the same - possibly preheated - water in a lock container above the evaporation container, which initially always must first be completely filled to the ceiling before the water in it after Closure of the upper supply line and the air outlet valve during filling d @@ sluice is open, by means of a transfer that may be secured with a non-return valve flows into the evaporator tank / boiler, in which there has always been a vacuum, which has been generated for the boiler with the aid of a vacuum pump before the first start-up and the steam pipe. 7.) Vacuum steam water lifting system according to claim 1 and / or 2, 4 and 6, characterized in that an upper Deaeratorschleuse for discharging of condensation water from the vacuumed, closed system is provided that like in claim @ without energy consumption only with the help of the water's own weight works in such a way that condensation water collects in a tub that is in a "Small", but "high", so long-deep basin passes over, one in which, condensation water always at least 10 m water level must be maintained in order to prevail against below Air to represent the necessary hydrostatic counterweight, and from which Uber water located at this water level is emptied downwards while closed During this time, the condensation water supply line from the cooling chamber, which is below 11 ° C, is used sealed off did, after running out of water up to the 10m mark of the under From the flow of the Deaeratorschleuse is closed again for the purpose of re-filling this lock; while filling the lowest basin, so to definite outflow, so there is an air outlet valve when the lock is open are open, but while the outflow is blocked, it is only after it has been closed the sluice to the lower basin to open again, whereby during the outflow air can blow into it, which does not harm here - (see sketch 4) -8.) Vacuum steam water lifting system according to all or optionally corresponding requirements 1- 7, characterized in that the system as a connection is already a Identity of an integral nature, even if individual parts, e.g. the wind jet pump as Steam jet pump - should be known in part or in full beforehand, but here a meaningful, excessive value within an entity to be patented have, which altogether has the surprising effect of no other than Considerable height differences that only use bio-compliant energies and forces if possible Overcoming water uplift results, which are used natural warmth and forces Earth's gravity of the water, solar heat, or geothermal deep heat (with preheating), on a case-by-case basis Wind power and cools from mountain water, or glacier or spring water, and use from solar radiation focus heat to operate absorption chillers for cooling of cold brine for the cooling chambers, where necessary.