DE3237603A1 - STACK PRESS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a large press for forming thin-walled deep-drawn containers from one coated starting material by means of a series of molding operations carried out in the press. More particularly, the invention relates to a press capable of producing approximately 700 containers per minute. The containers are made by punching, drawing, deep drawing, ironing and pruning formed. A one-piece press for producing such deep-drawn hollow bodies is known,

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which has an output of about 125 containers per minute. This press is for example in the US-PS 42 62 510 described. Such a press was * in its performance due to its mechanical Training for handling the containers and the material that is introduced into and removed from the press is limited. In addition, arrangements are known to produce such containers even more economically, by using multiple presses with interposed conveyors. These arrangements require a Synchronization between the individual presses, and they require more space and manufacture and operation is more expensive. The need for at least two presses in such a system subjects one press the limitations or inadequacies of the ~ related other press. In other words, if any of the If both presses fail, the entire system is inoperable. Similarly, have any Faults in the conveyor result in an interruption in operation.

The container made with the press according to the present application is best in the U.S. application serial no. 234 452 (CONTAINER) discloses where the type of container and its design in detail is explained. Such containers must be produced with a high-speed system, because their costs have to be as low as possible, since it is a disposable item. Such containers are usually made from a coated starting material, for example, in U.S. application serial no. 230 610 (DRAWABLE COATING). It is therefore important that the container

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can be manufactured and handled at great speed, but sufficient care is taken to ensure that damage to the thin wall or the delicate one Avoid coating during multiple molding operations.

Methods have been proposed in the past to mold partially formed containers into move a press through for successive shaping, as described in U.S. application serial no. 56 704 (PRESS TRANSFER BAR) or in particular is described in US Reissue Patent 29,645, wherein a transfer assembly is provided, which is not forced relocation or handling of the containers during the transfer from a processing station to the next. In US-PS 19 35 894 a step-by-step transfer process is described, similar that of the present invention, but not as uniform and steady. Here the mechanism for Transferring the partially formed deep-drawn and ironed container revised so that a group such transfer mechanisms can be arranged in the press opening between the tools.

It is also important that a press that can produce containers at the required speed is simple and space-saving. A large press promotes a number of refinements in each Area of the press the constructive uniformity and the operational efficiency. It is particular essential that the operations that require large tools and a large area, in one Side of the press cross yoke are carried out, and that those operations that are carried out closer together

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can be carried out on the other side of the cross yoke, so that the entire footprint of the press is as low as possible. In US-PS 40 26 226 an * upside-down press is shown in which the molding operations over and run under the cross yoke so that different Operations in the same press can be carried out separately from one another. At this Press the tabs are made over the cross yoke and the ends under the cross yoke. The lobes will The ends are joined under the transverse yoke. At this Press the tools are only separated from each other, but not for reasons of better space utilization nor to reduce the drive power required. More precisely, the top performance are trimmed using both the up and down strokes of the press, and besides the load on the drive parts is better balanced.

This means that different machining processes can be carried out at different heights in one and the same press carry out the handling of the container difficult. Techniques, devices and methods of handling have been used in connection with those mentioned above upside down presses revealed. In the final press, the flap is formed from the raw material from which it is formed is worn to unite with the end to the opposite side of the cross yoke. With the conventional Upside-down container presses remove the partially formed cups by reciprocating fingers convicts carried by reciprocating poles. With such arrangements the workpiece movement accurate during progressive shaping, but the mechanisms are large and complex.

A simple mechanism for a multi-line transfer in a progressive press is according to the prior art not known to the technology.

To the total size of such a large press for multi-stage molding of containers at high speed To reduce it is necessary to use more than one area of the tools from one area of the crankshaft using a common drive element, reducing the total number of connecting rods, the drive arms and the like. Is reduced. To some extent, this feature is the same as mentioned above upside down end press disclosed in a large press with multiple forming stations above and below the cross yoke however, this feature is considerably refined. In addition, the clamping and forming rams were next to each other and not stacked, or there has been a plunger in the cavity of another in the past arranged, and the first plunger was keyed to the second plunger so that the tolerances of the inserted The tappet and the tappet carrying it added up. Here are the wedging systems of each other independent so that tolerance problems are minimal. In addition, keying systems typically have one external or open lubrication that is adversely affected by the environment and dirt, so that in the press where the products are manufactured, as well as certain impurities occur in the vicinity of the plant. These Open lubrication of the key or guide causes cleanliness and drainage problems Loss of lubricant, and special care must be taken to keep containers hygienic for producing food. The usage of

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Damping cylinders, which surround the tools in order to obtain the lowest possible overall height, is also unique. In the crankcase for the press, ^l is a worm and a gear. The roller bearings for the worm wheel are inserted into the sides of the crankcase so that the lubricant for the bearings is pumped into them from above and drained from below. For this arrangement to be effective, the flow of oil through the bearings must be controlled so that the oil is not shaken, which would cause decomposition and overheating. Restrictions on the height of the press, the strength of the crankcase wall and the required support of the bearings prevent the use of sufficiently large channels to achieve a sufficient flow rate of the bearings.

Each press frame consists of a number of individual components. The ingredients are commonly according to the available systems for the production of the press frame parts and according to the tolerances trained, which is necessary for the assembly of the press and an economical and reliable method of operation are. Nowhere is a press disclosed which is made up of several subgroups which lead to Are independently operational for test purposes, but which can be connected to one another so that the different subgroups work together. Furthermore, there is no possibility in any known publication discloses independently inspecting such subsets of a large press prior to assembly or during an area repair.

One object of the present invention is the creation of a space-saving press for multiple

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forming of containers from a coated starting material with an output of approximately 700 pieces per minute.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simplified cup transport system for multiple use in such a press.

Yet another task consists in such a constructive training, which simplifies the production, Check, repair and assembly of such a press allows.

Yet another object is to provide a transfer mechanism that is compact but cup that pass through the various forming stations in a series of lines.

Yet another task is to create a space-saving nested plunger construction, which is designed so that minimal tolerances for the controlled movement of the slide are maintained.

Another object is to provide a damping cylinder assembly, commonly used in conjunction is used with such a press and which supports the tools in a space-saving manner.

Another task is to create one improved guide system that is clean, space-saving reliable and easy to manufacture and easy to assemble.

Yet another object is to locate the components to provide adequate lubricant performance.

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throughput guaranteed by the high-speed rolling bearings.

In accordance with the above objects of the invention and to solve the problems inherent in the prior art a multi-acting inverted press is disclosed with the crankshaft positioned below the feed line is to both the ram in a lower cup press and a double-acting one above it Drive deep drawing press. The cup press processes a rolled sheet metal into cups that are attached to the upper press are transferred, where successive multiple deep-drawing processes, deep-drawing or ironing profiling and a trimming process can be carried out. The upper The press has two redrawing stations (the second with profiling) and a trimming station. Both the cup press as well as the upper presses have two ram strokes, one for shearing and / or pinching and one for dragging or tracing or trimming. The ram for pulling the cups has a stroke of 230 mm and is driven directly from the crankshaft via two connecting rods. The punching and clamping rams in the lower presses have a stroke of approximately 8 mm, which is via a cam and toggle arrangement from the cup mold ram is derived. The upper or the redraw press has three rams, the two rams for clamping and trimming as well as the ram for forming the cups have a stroke of 230 mm, and the ram for Implementation of the retightening process now has a stroke of 300. The clamping rams of the upper press are over vertical tie rods driven to move with the cup mold ram are stored in the lower cup press. The deep-drawing ram in the redrawing press is independently driven by the crankshaft.

In this upside-down press, maximum press utilization is achieved by punching the blanks and forming into cups under the cross yoke and by deep drawing and redrawing over the cross yoke. The first Process (punching out the blanks from the rolled-up stock material and forming into cups) is carried out under the Cross yoke of the press running. The cup is made upside down (it points with its opening down), and it is then carried up over the cross yoke of the press to the upper press, where it with several work steps by pulling, tracing, profiling the soil and finally trimming the Flange is completed. An advantage of this approach is that the largest diameter, namely the board, is punched in another part of the press, so that the center-to-center distance of the following Forming stations can be closer together what allows for a smaller overall size of the press. Another advantage is that the punching and forming the cup is effected in one stroke of the inverted press and that the other forming operations be effected at the other opposite stroke. The transfer of the cup from the bottom to the top of the cross yoke is carried out with a magnetic conveyor system which reverses the position of the cup so that the opening faces upwards for the subsequent shaping operations.

As explained above, the punching and deep drawing is first carried out in the lower section of FIG Press executed, and a magnetic conveyor system then moves the deep-drawn cups to the top section the press, where a first and a second trailing professional

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and circumcision takes place one after the other. The punch edge determines the lower section of the press the board the center distance between the plati- ^ ne and the deep-drawing tool for every street. The center-to-center distance is a function of the dimensions of the largest container to be made in the press, and it is therefore in accordance with the dimensions of the container produced in each case and the maximum roll width and the minimum waste are variable. At the top The distance between adjacent deep-drawing and redrawing tools is not on the section of the press large diameter of the board is limited, and the streets can therefore advantageously close to the support posts of the upper section, whereby maximum rigidity is obtained. The magnetic one Conveyor system includes road partitions for variable spacing of the cups in order to keep them with the invariable Align the distance for the tools for the first and second follow-up profiling and for trimming. the Possibility of using the conveyor to handle containers of different sizes with different tools, those in the upper and lower sections of the press are different Having center-to-center spacing is part of the present disclosure * The magnetic conveyor system has upper and lower magnetic belts and a Section with transverse rollers that not only transfer the containers from the lower to the upper press allows, but also allow the necessary displacement of the cups according to the different spacing, which is an important feature. A cascading accumulation feeder is used to partially remove the formed cup from the magnetic conveyor system to the first draw station and then to the to transfer to the next follow-up profiling station.

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Magnetic conveyor belts are used for this, which are arranged in this way are that they incline the container in a slightly inclined with respect to the vertical or the axis of the tools Convey position, whereby each container assumes the vertical position only when it is with the stamp and the Die is fed in axial congruence. As a result, only the container located under the stamp is from Affects the stroke of the ram. The neighboring containers in the feed line are not touched by the punch or upset, which pushes the container through the draw die and into a container with a smaller diameter and greater heights. The drawn container is then picked up by a second magnetic conveyor belt, which is located under the die, and it becomes the next or second redrawing punch in the same way promoted. In the second reshaping station, the container is first partially swaged through the die pushed down, whereupon the bottom of the container is profiled by pushing it up against the Stamp is pressed. The drawn and profiled Behäkter is released when the punch withdraws, and since the container has an uncut flange, it is grasped by a suction finger and into position transferred for trimming. The act of trimming the flange enables the container is moved all the way through the circumcision die. The flange waste remains on the top of the die when the container is gripped underneath by a magnetic conveyor belt that is used to convey away the Container from the press is arranged. The suction finger is upwards when it moves to the next container pivoted in order to bypass the flange residue lying on the cutting die. One advantage of this system lies in the fact that a transfer of the container

can be achieved at high speed. With such a large, timed press, up to six lines can edit, this mechanism is also simple, modular and effective, so that several adjacent container lines are formed and a common system for removing the trimmings can be used.

The overall concept of the press is such that the
Press can be divided into three separate sections. More specifically, each section can be separated
assembled and tested on the floor of the manufacturing plant and then shipped to the manufacturing plant where the components can be assembled regardless of the common drive for the upper and lower rams. The lower assembly is the main drive, which includes the motor and reduction gear, adjustment drive, flywheel clutch, brake and crankshaft with connecting rods. The assembly is box-shaped and open at the top, providing a strong support for the crankshaft bearings and a reservoir for the lubricating oil. The crankcase has flow channels that lead to the support surface for the
Rolling bearings of the worm wheel to and from this
to lead. These flow channels are connected to pressure and suction pumps, whereby the incoming oil flow is adequate to cool and lubricate the rolling bearings, and the exiting flow is controlled by a suction pump which can run dry. The suction pump is used to forcibly evacuate the bearings,
so that the oil does not collect, is whipped and the bearings overheat.

The middle assembly includes support posts which pull the upper and lower sections of the press together. When the middle assembly is combined with the lower assembly, they form a complete one Punch and cup press. The slide or ram for forming the cups is driven by the main crankshaft driven by connecting rods, with four cams on the ram driving the clamping arms via toggle lever assemblies, which also allow independent lowering or opening of the die for inspection or cleaning work.

The upper assembly is the first and second trailing area and the cutting area of the press and contains stamps and clamping plungers, the latter being actuated by rods that lift with the cup plunger are connected. The ram for the redrawing punch is attached to the main crankshaft via a pull rod slide driven by the connecting rod that is only located in the side frame of the assembly Forming the cup extends.

As a result, the three components of the press can be assembled, tested and shipped independently of each other before they are finally assembled because they are independent units. In a similar way Way, the lower and the middle unit can be operated and tested together.

A special technique is used in the upper section of the press to maximize the overall size of the press to keep it low. There is a requirement for both the clamping plungers and the retightening plungers. To have a sufficient vertical cross-section

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the ram and the total height of the press frame required to accommodate the ram a nested technique is used. More precisely, it enables the retightening ram to be nested between a split pair of clamping rams an adequate vertical height of all rams, wherein but the overall height of the ram is reduced. Usually the plungers were stacked on top of each other, which the vertical height becomes about twice as great. With the technology according to the invention / the total height of the Press reduced because each ram can be wedged independently at both ends, eliminating unnecessary tolerances to reduce the slide movement. The retightening ram arranged in the middle has the longer stroke, and it is connected to the punching tool by a support arm, which is coaxial in the hollow damping cylinders for the clamping ram is arranged.

In the upper section of the large inverted press, each ram is clearly guided. The management system allows all of the return oil to be drawn from the top of the support into the interior of its cylindrical support tubes, thereby contaminating the Oil or flooding of the tools during standstill is prevented. Any hollow cylindrical support tube contains all of the oil that flows back to the crankcase. More specifically, is for each guide wedge support a lower support and an upper support arranged on the base of the upper section are provided, which is supported in the cross yoke of the press in such a way that the upper support is buffered in an axial position can compensate for axis errors and make alignment work unnecessary. The tube carries cylindrical book

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sen, which support the tappets by placing them with the Wedge the pipe. Three of these units are used on each side of the upper section of the press to make each Bear the end of the three plungers.

In the clamping ram carried in the upper section of the press there are open channels for receiving hollow redraw nitrogen buffers arranged, which hold the container during the shaping by the punch. Conventional systems use a series of cylinders that bias the clamp ram and those with a main reservoir are connected. The present invention employs self-contained, one-piece cylinders and Reservoirs supported in the clamping ram, reducing the overall height of the press. By this technique also simplifies the overall construction of the press. Each damping cylinder is coaxial associated tool stamp which moves in the central bore of the hollow clamping ram buffer. The buffer cylinder is easy to maintain and, in conjunction with the design of the plunger, enables one quick alignment during a tool change for containers of different sizes. The tappets are cylindrical Pockets arranged, which allow access to the buffers for adjustable placement, whereby the axial Alignment of the tool carried in each hollow buffer is facilitated.

In operation, the coated coiled sheets are automatically and gradually in the lower section fed to the press. Flangeless cups are made by punching and deep drawing the metal using tools generated from punching dies, punches and

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Dies exist. The cups are formed in a number of up to six streets and from the lower section magnetically transferred to the upper trailing section. The cups are taken out of theirs by the transfer conveyor with the opening pointing downwards rotated by 180 ° so that they point with the opening upwards, when they arrive at the pulling station. Each line leads into the first retaining feed station of the redraw press, where the cups are axially aligned with the punches and dies of the first redrawing station. if If the rams of the redrawing station move down, the cups are pinched and through the dies pulled through and stripped onto a magnetic conveyor belt located under the die. Everyone followed suit Container is picked up and transported with an inhibition to the second follow-up profiling station, where a partial redrawing process is carried out, after which the floor is profiled. At this point it will the container is not pushed completely through the die, so that a flange remains. The bottom of the container is profiled, and that on the The container located on the punch is withdrawn upwards through the die and stripped over the die. Of the The container is then used for a final treatment with suction conveyed where the flange is trimmed. The trimming process enables the trimmed Container fits through the die and is gripped by a magnetic conveyor and conveyed out of the press. The cut rings and the rest of the starting sheet are eliminated separately.

Further details, advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following description and of the drawing on which the revelation of all

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details not described in the text are expressly referred to. It shows:

Figure 1 is a rear perspective view of the top portion of a large inverted pile press according to the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a partially sectioned side view of the press of Fig. I ₁ with portions removed of the frame and approximately shown in its center from top to top,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the inhibition delivery technique used in connection with the transfer the cup is used for a redrawing process,

FIG. 4 shows a representation similar to FIG. 3, but with the cup being shown while it is being pulled is,

Fig. 5 is a representation similar to FIGS. 3 and 4, but shows how the following cup to be drawn in and the previous cup is removed,

6 is a side view of a portion of the press as it appears when one side of the press would eliminate the formation of a container from punching out a circuit board can be checked from the sheet metal until the flange is trimmed,

7 is a perspective exploded view of the variously sized assemblies of the press, which shows how these assemblies

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work (for the sake of clarity, Fig. is largely schematic, with some details are omitted),

8 shows a cross section through the lower region of the press, these being the sections acts, which are mainly arranged below and above ground level, with special Highlighting the worm drive and the lower ram support,

FIG. 9 shows a perspective illustration of the region of the press shown in FIG. 8,

Fig. 10 is a partial section through the guide system that is used to support the plunger in the upper Area of the press according to Fig. 1 is used,

11 shows a section through a ram showing the interaction of a clamping retraction sleeve damping cylinder shows with its coaxially arranged punch, and

Fig. 12 is a partial front view showing the

transfer rollers and the upper conveyor belt shows which is used to move the cups into the trailing section of the press will.

1 shows a rear perspective view of the above ground level portion of the press 20 with some parts cut away to show the essential internal components. The base of the press 20 is best shown in Figures 2, 1, 8 and 9 and includes the crankcase 33 and its

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Drive section 30 that supports the crankshaft 31 in end bearings 32 which are at each end of the crankshaft in the Crankcase 33 are arranged. In the middle of the crankshaft is one driven by a worm wheel Gear 35 is arranged, which is also supported by the shaft 31 and by side bearings 32 a, which from Crankcase 33 are carried. The worm wheel 34a is carried transversely to the crankshaft 31 by a shaft 36, which is supported by roller bearings which are arranged in the walls of the crankcase 33. One engine and one Belt drives are provided to operate the press 20 in a known manner. The crankcase 33 of the preferred Embodiment is in a pit below ground level and it is a hollow box-like structure and an upper edge flange 37 for support of the components of the press carried by it (Figs. 8 and 9).

Systems for driving the press rams (FIG. 9) are arranged eccentrically on each side of the crankshaft 31. Between the crankshaft bearings 32 and the gear 35 are corresponding drives for the Arranged clamping and forming ram of the press. Eccentric follow-up drives 38 are directly on the crankshaft 31 arranged in the crankcase 33 next to the crankshaft bearings 32. In the preferred embodiment, have the eccentric follow-up drives 38 have a stroke of 300 mm, and they comprise a connecting rod 38a with a counterweight 38b. Between the eccentric retightening drives 38 and the gear 35 are eccentric Deep-drawing and clamping drives 39 arranged, the connecting rods 39a have a counterweight 39b. The connecting rods 39a drive the plungers to clamp

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and deep drawing, as will be explained in more detail below.

The middle section shown in Fig. I ₁ 2 and 7, 40 of the press 20 consists of two sides 40a and a lid 4Ob ₁ connects the two sides together to form a box-like structure, which on the upper flange 37 of the crankcase 33 sits on. The middle section 40 has two downwardly directed support flanges 40c which support the middle section 40 at the floor level of the press (see FIGS. 1 and 2). A lower press ram 41 slides in the middle section 40 and has two downwardly projecting clevis pin connections 41a by means of which it is pivotably connected to the upper ends of the connecting rods 39a, so that in the preferred embodiment the ram 41 has a stroke of 230 mm ( Fig. 9). The plunger 41 is conventionally guided for controlled vertical movement within section 40 by planar guide plates and a bushing center post. The lubrication for the bearing plates and the center post is located under the molding area of the tappet 41 so that the lubricant can flow directly into the crankcase 33 without coming into contact with the molded objects, above the lower tappet 41 are two upright support shoulders 41b located at each end of the plunger 41 near the sides 40a of the central portion 40. Two tie rods 42 extend upwardly from support shoulders 41b for drive connection to the top of press 20 at blocks 44.

Similarly, the upper ends of the connecting rods 38a carry conventional sliding bodies 43, which are in the

Cross-section is box-shaped and in the middle section 40 to a reciprocating movement directly are guided on the inside of the side parts 40a. The sliding bodies 43 are between the inside of the side parts 40a and the outer sides of the plunger 41 arranged. The lubrication for the mentioned guide is provided by the tappet 41 separated and can be easily fed back into the crankcase 33. The lower ends of the sliding body 43 have Clevis pin connections 43a and their upper ends have threaded bores 43b for connection to the upper drive of the central or retightening ram, which is located in the upper part of the press in the manner described below is. The sliders 43 extend up through the central portion of the press 20. With the preferred Embodiment, the sliding body 43 have a hub of 300 mm.

The upper section 45 of the press 20 consists of two box-like side parts 46 which are open in the middle and a base 46a, two upright pillars 46b and a top 47 (see Fig. 1). On the box-shaped Side parts 46 of the attachment 47 is supported, which braces the two side parts 46 together. This construction leaves the inside of the upper portion at the space between the side posts 46 in the transverse direction open minded. On each side of the press 20 are in the central space between the side posts 46b three guide systems 48, which the upper slide 49 and 50 independently support for clamping or retightening (see Fig. 10). The guide systems 48 are on each End of the associated plunger 49 and 50 arranged in such a way (Fig. 2) that the plunger 49 and 50 side by side to the back and moving parallel movement along the guide systems 48 are supported. There is a back and a

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front clamping ram 49 is provided, and between these the upper deep-drawing ram 50 is nested (Fig. 6). The tie rods 42a extend through spacers 42 into the press section 40 upwards to the outer rams 49, which are driven with the aid of the blocks 44 and extension rods 44a (FIG. 2). The central part of the guide system 48 is arranged to drive the plunger 50 directly because it is connected to the body 43, as will be explained below.

From FIG. 10, which shows a partially sectioned side view of the guide system 48, it can be seen that how the guide system 48 is associated with the post 46b, the base 46a and the top 47. The posts 46b, the Top 47 and the base 46a are held together by two tie rods 51, which the box-like side parts 46 brace them together, leaving an inner opening to accommodate the three guide systems.

Each tie rod 51 is located at a corner of the press and extends from attachment 47 through sections 45, 40 and 30 to hold press 20 together. Each of the sections 30, 40 and 45 can be independently formed and tested prior to final assembly, with such a segmented construction simplifying manufacture and repair. The drive systems are divided in a similar manner at 38a and 39a between the portions 30 and 40 and at 44 between the sections 43b and 40, and 45th When the tie rods 51 are conventional hollow tubular parts, which consist of inner and outer sleeves, one of which is loaded on tension and the other on compression, so that the forces applied without

Deformation of the tie rods 51 can be easily absorbed. For the assembly of the press 20, the Rods 51 are heated so that they expand, whereupon nuts are tightened so that the tie rods 51 are biased after cooling.

Although only one side is shown for system 48 in FIG. 10, it is assumed that the opposite side Side is identical. The guidance system 48 includes upper and lower bushings 52 and 53 which have a hollow tube 54 in a vertical position between the attachment 47 and the base 46a. For each side piece 46 are three groups of upper and lower sockets 52 and 52 53 provided so that three pieces of pipe 54 in parallel Arrangement supported and arranged within the open center of the side panels 46. The pipe sections 54 can move freely in the vertical direction with respect to the associated sockets 52 and 53. An axially arranged Rod 43c establishes the connection to the sliding bodies 43 via the threaded bore 43b, and it extends through the middle pipe sections 54 along the axis of each, and it is connected to this by fastening nuts 55 connected at the top of each end of the central tube 54. The top fastening nut 55 is used to pull the plunger 50 down against the carriage 43. The movement the ram 49 is effected by the parts and the tie rods 42a via the blocks 44. As a result, the The ram 49 is driven with a stroke of 230 mm by the tie rods 42 a, which protrude through the spacers 42 and connected to blocks 44 and rods 44a. The middle guide system 48, which between

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the two outer is arranged, is driven by the pull rod 44 with a stroke of 300 mm. In a similar way Way, the movement of the plunger 50 is caused by the bodies 43 and the connecting rods 43c, which are upward are passed through the middle guide of the system. More precisely, the plungers 49 and 50 are on theirs Ends 49 a and 50 a guided to a parallel vertical movement in the pipe sections 54. The ends 49a and 50a of the tappets are wedged with parallel keys 56 for moving up and down together with the pipe sections 54, since the rams 49 and 50 move vertically with the controlled reciprocating motion of their associated drive systems.

The bushings 52 and 53 are with their corresponding Support 47 and 46a wedged with clamping bolts 57 so that after positioning the lower bushing 53 in the associated opening of the base 46a, the upper sleeve 52 is slightly axially aligned with respect to the lower sleeve and can then be fixed with bolts 57 (Fig. 10). Between the pipe section 54 and its plunger is located a sealing ring 58. The sealing ring 58 is positioned immediately above the plunger and it is towards the socket cup-shaped towards the top to form an upstanding collar that catches the oil that enters the guide system 48 was pumped between the bushings 52 and the pipe sections 54. After the oil the intervening Has passed gap, it penetrates through a arranged in the pipe section 54 hole 54a in the hollow Center, so that it passes through the area in which the sliding body 43 is arranged, down into the crankcase 33 can flow back. Accordingly, the upper lubrication system is for the gap between bushing 52 and the pipe section 54 from the external atmosphere

seals. Similarly, the lower lubrication system for the bushings 53 includes a sealing ring 61, the is attached to the top of the bushing 53 to the in the gap between the bushings 53 and the pipe pieces 54 to prevent the oil from escaping. For the gap between the bushings 53 and the pipe sections 54 is pressure lubrication (not shown) is provided. This gap ends at its lower end within the Bushing 53, and it thus enables the lubricating oil along the channels for the drive systems concerned flows back down into the crankcase 33. An O-ring 62 surrounding the lower bushing 53 seals the latter relative to it the base 46a so that the lubricating oil cannot escape.

Sealing rings 58 are also used to secure wedges 56 between the tappet ends 49a or 50a and their pipe section 54 as shown in FIG. A series of clamping bolts 58b are used for this purpose. Each plunger can therefore with the controlled vertical movement of the pipe sections 54 according to his lubricated guide system 48 are moved. The management system 48 is provided with an upper sealing cap and a covering hood 48a, which extends over the attachment 47 is arranged.

Each clamping plunger 49 is elongated and larger in vertical cross-section than in horizontal. Within each clamping ram 49 is a series of vertically arranged hollow cylindrical channels, which are intended to accommodate the retightening tools and in particular the molded and clamping parts that come together move with the plunger to retract the partially formed container. Over and across the rams 49

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there are two spaced-apart cross members 96, which are connected to the plungers 49, and gas pressure springs 60 are arranged under the attachment 47 next to the plungers 49 (Fig. 1).

Fig. 11 shows a partial cross-section through the press 20 taken vertically through a point where the plane through the center of the cylindrical openings 49b of the plungers 49 would pass. The opening is in Fig. 11 is denoted by the reference numeral 49b and contains a single damping cylinder 63, which is used to clamping the partially formed container during the first and second redrawing operations. The damping cylinder 63 includes a centrally located hollow inner tube 64. The inner tube 64 is to one through its center continuous plane symmetrical. That is, the inner pipe 64 is formed so that its ends are interchanged can be. The reason for this is that the upper and lower cross-sectional surfaces 64a are used as sealing surfaces are designed and can be interchanged in order to double the service life because the lower Sealing surface wears out faster than the upper one, as there is movement on the lower surface. The damping cylinders 63 have concentrically arranged outer tubes 65, which are cut from a straight pipe, and the pipes 65 are spaced in coaxial relationship with the Inner tubes 64 are held by bearing caps 66 provided with shoulders, which are arranged at the upper end of the tubes 65 are. O-rings 66a are used to seal tubes 64 and 65 and they are in grooves in the upper bearing caps 66 arranged. Similarly, slip ring assemblies 67 are located at the bottom of tubes 64 and 65 (W.S. Shamban & Company, Type TM), in the hollow

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concentric space between the inside of the outer tubes 65 and the lower outside of the sealing surface 64a of the inner tubes 64 are arranged. Lower bearing caps 68 and their fastening rings 68a connect the lower ones Ends of the outer tubes 65 with the plungers 49, while the upper bearing caps 66 with the upper ends of the tubes 65 the upper end of the cylindrical openings 49b of the rods associate. Similarly, rings 68a and bearing caps 68 keep tubes 64 and 65 concentric Arrangement. The inner cylinder 64 is vertical through the mechanical connections set at each end. The gas pressure (nitrogen) exists in the annulus between the tubes 64 and 65.

The sliding ring 67 is in such a way on the ironing sleeve assembly 69 attached so that the nitrogen contained in the space between the tubes 64 and 65 is compressed is when the slip ring 67 during the clamping load relative to the downward movement of the plunger 49 moves upwards, which moves the tubes 64 and 65 downwards leads. The connection between the ironing sleeve assembly 69 and the slide ring 67 takes place through engagement associated surfaces that do not appear in the cross-section shown. The possible downward movement the ironing sleeve assembly 69 is therefore controlled. Between the space containing the nitrogen and a storage container are (not shown) Gas transfer channels are provided so that the from the retraction sleeve assembly 69 to the partially formed Container exerted force can be controlled.

Move through the hollow center of the retightening sleeve 69 the punch assemblies 70. Each punch assembly

_ν 3 / | ·

is carried by a support bracket 50b extending from the The plunger 50 extends against the plunger 49 so that the plunger assembly 70 has the 300 mm stroke of the plunger 50 (Fig. 6) The support arm 50b comprises two spherical support bushings 71 which are arranged at a vertical distance therefrom and serve to the punch drive rod 72 with the Bring the axis of the damping cylinder 63 to cover, when the drive rod 72 passes through the damping cylinder moved down through it, the drive rod 72 with the redrawing punch 73 of each punch assembly 70 is connected (Fig. 11). A bushing 74 and its retaining ring 75 are arranged over the bearing cap 66 in order to to secure this with screws 75a and the bushing 74 with respect to the plunger 49. The drive rod 72 is therefore for the reciprocating movement with respect to the damping cylinder 63 through the bush 74 additionally axially aligned.

In the preferred embodiment, the ram 73 moves with the 300 mm stroke of the ram 50, during the withdrawal sleeve 69 has the 230 mm stroke of the plunger 49. Extending on both sides of the plunger 50 Support brackets 50b to the front and rear of the press, and they support the punch drive rods 72 for the first and second trailing tools of each road in a manner identical to that already in place for the punch 73 of the first redrawing station was explained. More specifically, the partially molded Container moved transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ram 49 and 50 through the press. When the front The plunger 49 moves downwards, then it takes its damping cylinder assemblies 63 with it (the number for six Tool lines and for the front and rear clamping ram 49 is sufficient). Similarly, the

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Push rod 50 via the support arm 50b up to six punch assemblies 70 on each side, and each punch assembly 70 moves coaxially through the hollow center a damping cylinder 63 therethrough. The one below Section 40 formed cup or container are therefore first ironed, so that a longer Container with a smaller diameter is created when the punch 73 the cup through the corresponding Die pulls through (Fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6). The container is then passed under the ram 50 in the transverse direction conveyed to the second dressing station, where the rear or other tappets 49 its damping cylinder assemblies 63 carries, which the second ironing die in coaxial Arrangement to carry the partially molded containers to stretch them to make them even higher and higher get leaner. Fig. 1 also shows the rear of the press 20 where the second ironing process takes place. Fig. 6 is divided along its center line so that the plunger 50 on one side at the lower end and on the other side is shown at the top of its stroke of 300 mm.

A horizontal support beam 76 disposed above the press 20 carries the weight of the rams via connectors 72a. The support beam 76 extends outwardly from the connectors 72 to front and rear gas springs 77 in a similar manner to the plungers 49 and the gas springs 60. Each gas spring 77 has a drive rod 77a, which is connected to the support beam 76. The return stroke of the first ironing punch caused by the ram 50 73 is therefore balanced by the gas springs 77.

As mentioned, the containers are passed through the top section 45 of the press 20 from front to back and through the middle section 40 from back to front

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promoted. This process is best shown in FIG. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 12 can be seen, in which a transfer system 80 from the central section 40 of the press and to upper portion 45 of press 20 is shown. The transfer system 80 includes a lower magnetic tape 81 and an upper magnetic tape 82. Between the tapes 81 and 82, eight horizontal magnetic rollers 83 are arranged side by side arranged to rotate in the same direction clockwise so that the containers roll off to be transferred to role. The metal cups shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 12 are at their bottoms of the magnetic rollers 83 or the magnetic tapes 81 or 82 held magnetically. It should be noted that the lateral distance between the lower belts and the upper belts 82 may be different, so that the Aligning the containers to follow a path from the lower belt 81 to the associated upper belt requires lateral movement. That means that at least some streets the cup shifted sideways Need to become. This is achieved by means of guide rods 84 which are assigned to the roles 83. Each street has its associated group of guide rods 84, which cooperate to ensure that the containers with the associated upper magnetic tape 82 properly are aligned and are picked up by this, only one road shown in Figs. 6 and 12 is.

FIG. 6 shows a section through the cup transfer system 80 taken along the line 6-6 in FIG the center of the press 20 is placed. The whole process of moving the containers from the middle section 40 to the upper section 45 can also be seen as the various processes that take place in the press 20 for a

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Road take place as a result of the carried by the front and rear upper rams 49 and the ram 50 Tools. Beginning at the lower left corner of Fig. 6, the web is made from a wound strip moved gradually from left to right on a web feed line into the press. The web is going first punched between a die shear ring 85 and a punch shear ring 86 in a conventional manner. The drop shear ring 85 is moved by the plunger 41 via a series of toggle mechanisms 87 (FIG. 8) which are operated by the Lateral cam surfaces 41c are driven, which are assigned to the flanks of the plunger 41. The toggle mechanism is indicated generally by the reference numeral 87 (see Fig. 8), and it acts like a toggle lever. on each side of the ram 41 is a lower toggle lever 88 and an upper toggle lever 89. Each lower toggle lever 88 is pivotably mounted opposite the inside of the side wall 40a and extends upwards, where it connects to the upper toggle lever 89 is articulated. At the articulation between the toggle levers 88 and 89 is a Cam follower 90 arranged, which rolls on the cam surface 41c. A support 91 is located on the upper knee lever 89 pivotally attached, which moves the punch shear ring 86. As a result, the stroke of the punching ring for punching out the blanks from the starting material is minimized decreased. The support 91 also clamps the blank during the subsequent deep-drawing process. The lower Toggle levers 88 are with spindle screws 91a with the sides 40a connected, and if the connection of the toggle lever 88 is unscrewed, then the curve followers 90 can be moved by the cam surface 41c beyond its normal stroke. The toggle mechanism 87 can therefore

. 35.

be folded or collapsed in such a way that a maintenance opening is quickly created in this area of the tool will. * ■

The hollow center 85a of the shear ring 85 includes one Cup shape punch 92, which is connected to the ram 41 and has a stroke of 230 mm. Clamping the board after shearing or punching and during deep drawing takes place in the manner described by clamping between the die shear ring 85 and a tool surface 93 under the action of the toggle mechanism 87. The Plunger 92 therefore pulls the cup upward, causing the board into a hollow thin-walled cylindrical cup is deformed with a one-piece base and without a flange when this is in contact with the lower magnetic tape 81 arrives (Fig. 6).

The belt 81 moves from right to left, taking the cup with it in the general direction leads, in which the sheet metal moves when it gets into the punching and deep-drawing tools. Direct outside the press 20, the magnetic conveyor belt 81 is curved upward against the rollers 83, and the cup is conveyed to the first roller 83, where it moves between the guide rods 84 in the manner described until it is aligned with the leading edge of the magnetic conveyor belt 82. Like this in the As shown in Figures 6 and 12, the conveyor belts move clockwise. The magnetic tape 82 conveys the cup upwards before it merges into the upper section 45 of the press 20 with a curve. As this can be seen from Figs. 6 and 12, the cup is made so that it is open at the bottom, and when the transfer system 80 moves the cup,

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then it rotates it along an arc or 180 °, so that it is now open to the top. The magnetic conveyor belt 82 extends into the top of the press, rising slightly. The pitch angle "A" is shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6. As the cups move into the press, they are retained by a retention mechanism 94 which is provided to ensure that a sufficient number of cups are carried by the belt 82 to provide the necessary jamming of the cups into the first trailing station of the press cause. More specifically, a cup holder 95 shown in FIG. 6 is provided to grasp the cups on the conveyor belt 82. The cup holder 95 operates only after the retention mechanism 94 has captured a sufficient number of cups to ensure that adequate force is available to force the foremost cup into and against the cup holder 95. As the conveyor belt 82 rises, the lower side wall of the last cup on the conveyor belt 82 rests against the lower side wall of the cup located in the holder 95. This means that the axis of the cup in the holder 95 is aligned with the axis of the punch 73 and that the axis of the adjacent or jammed cup is perpendicular to the top of the conveyor belt 82. The upper edges or openings of these two containers are spaced apart because their side walls diverge according to the pitch angle "A" of the conveyor belt, leaving a gap for the tool during its forming movement.

According to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the container is drawn through the first drawing or ironing die 96, making the container longer or higher

but becomes smaller in diameter. At the bottom of the first At the ironing stroke, the container is stripped from the punch 73 and falls onto a central magnetic conveyor belt 97. The conveyor belt 97 has an incline angle for the same reason as the end region of the conveyor belt 82 "A". The conveyor belt 97 rotates clockwise, bringing the ironed containers further into the Press conveyed to the second ironing station. The middle magnetic conveyor belt 97 conveys accordingly the container, which has been ironed for the first time, under the ram and to line up with the second ironing station, which is carried by the rear ram 49. The cup holder of the second ironing station is assigned to the station and has curved stops on each side that not only align the container with the axis of the second ironing punch 99 can align, but which are also slotted so that the ironed and profiled Container is moved by a suction finger 98 to a trimming station 100. I.e. after the second Ironing process the container has a smaller diameter, so that it is from the suction finger through the slot can be moved to station 100.

The ironing punch 99 does not pull the container completely through a deep-drawing die during the second ironing process 101 so that a flange remains on the ironed container. Near the bottom of the stroke, a soil profiling tool is arranged, which under the action of a placed in the press Gas spring is pushed up against the bottom of the container so that a dome-shaped profile is created in the bottom of the container when the container is lower Reached the end of its stroke. This bulging process has the consequence that the container is essentially its

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final shape. When the ironing punch 99 and its deep-drawing sleeve 102 are withdrawn upwards, then the ironed container, which is provided with a dome-shaped bottom, is passed through the deep-drawing die 101 moved upwards until it comes free from the die 101, at which point it is aligned with the suction finger 98. Of the Suction finger 98 grips the side of the container to pull it from left to right while its vertical Arrangement is retained. This movement of the finger 98 thus turns the container into the trimming station 100 moved so that it is aligned for trimming the flange. More precisely it is a die 103 is provided, the diameter of which is greater than that of the container but equal to that of the flange. Die 103 is adjusted to trim the flange to the required dimension, which is necessary for an airtight double-folded flange. A punch assembly 104 pushes the uncut Container down through the die 103 so that the trimmed container is on a magnetic Belt conveyor 105 falls under die 103, allowing the container to be easily removed from press 20. The stamp assembly 104 is attached to the rear of the plunger 49 so that they are together with this emotional. As a result, with each stroke of the rear ram 49, a container is stretched and profiled while at the same time the previous container is trimmed.

In Fig. 6, a mechanism 106 for moving the suction finger 98 is shown. This mechanism 106 is like that designed to hold the suction finger 98 between its container holding position in which the container

. 39.

is aligned with the second ironing profiling station, and the axis of the trimming station 100 reciprocated. However, the movement of the suction finger must not be linear and float because it has to be moved up to free the cut ring that is on the Die 103 remains when the suction finger 98 is in its position as a container holder for the second ironing profiling station emotional. Similarly, the suction finger 98 must be synchronized in order for it to move out of the The path of the cup flange is moved out when the cup moves down during ironing before profiling and it must be moved out of the path of movement of the assembly when it is moved for trimming will. The mechanism 106 comprises a first area 107 which is used to move the suction finger back and forth, and a second area 108 which serves to lift the suction finger above the circumcision die 103. the first and second areas rotate with respect to a drive axis 109, but they become independent of one another driven. The first region 107 has a movement that is derived from a rotary movement by means of a crank 110 in a reciprocating motion is converted. The second area 108 is completed by cranks 108a controlled independently of the first area, but only as far as the drive systems concerned are concerned.

According to FIG. 8, the worm 34a is supported by two roller bearings 111. These bearings are in the walls of the Crankcase 33 arranged and carry the shaft 36 on which the worm wheel 34a is arranged. Oil becomes the Bearings 111 supplied to the press in a known manner by means of an upper oil line 112 from the main pump. the The main pump is not shown in the drawing. The main pump carries oil with all working parts of the press

adequate pressure too. To balance the flow, throttles are arranged in the various feed channels to ensure that there is an adequate throughput in the various areas of the press. More precisely, the oil lines 112 convey oil through the upper walls of the crankcase 33 into the bearings 111. Two lower oil lines 113 are provided for emptying the bearings and for controlling the oil flow through the bearings 111. The lines 113 are connected to a suction pump (not shown) via an inner pipe 114.

In the preferred embodiment, a (not shown) uses the MEGATOR L 75 pump which has a flow rate of 25 liters (6.5 gallons) per minute at a Has a pressure of 0.3 bar (45 psi). This pump is a sliding shoe pump, which has eccentric discs which fit tightly into displacement chambers within the shoes are so that the eccentric movement of the discs is a horizontal movement of the discs and a vertical movement of shoes causes. The horizontal movement causes the liquid in the chamber to be displaced. the vertical movement pushes the shoe back and forth, causing the inflow and outflow of the pump fluid is controlled. In this case a synthetic Gear oil is used to cool and lubricate the bearings 111 (Fig. 8). As soon as the pump starts to work, a hydraulic pressure difference is generated. This difference keeps the shoe in contact with the openings, which control the pump inflow. The megator pump can be operated without priming because it is self-priming and the L 75 model has a slightly higher throughput than it does for lubricating and cooling the roller bearings 111 is required. The pump can be used to pump highly viscous liquids, it can run dry,

• M-

Pumping air and it still maintains a high suction capacity. The oil flow rate through the highly loaded roller bearings 111 of the worm wheel is controlled and it 'can be a flow of the cooling lubricant be maintained ^V.

Various features have been associated with a large, multi-lane, multi-functional, multi-story upside down press shown and described. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that there are modifications with regard to the materials, components, arrangement of components, sequence of work steps, work processes and construction methods are possible without departing from the basic idea of the invention.

Stack press

List of reference symbols:

20 press

30 drive section

31 crankshaft

32 repositories

33 crankcase 34a worm wheel

35 gear

36 wave of 34a

37 upper edge flange of 33

38 ironing drives 38a connecting rod 38b counterweight

39 Deep-drawing and clamping drives 39a connecting rods

39b counterweight

40 middle section 40a side parts 40b cover

40c support flanges

41 lower ram 41a clevis pin connection 41b support shoulders

42 spacers 42a tie rods

43 sliding body

43a Clevis pin connection

43b threaded holes

43c connecting rod

44 blocks

44a Extension Poles

45 upper section

46 side panels 46a base

46b pillars

47 essay

48 guide systems

49 upper clamping ram

50 upper drawing ram

51 tie rods

52 upper bearing bush of 48

53 lower bearing bush of 48

54 pipe section 54a hole in 54

55 fastening nuts on 43c

56 parallel keys

57 clamping bolts

58 O-ring

59 collar of 58

60 gas springs

61 O-ring

62 O-ring

48a top cover

96 cross members

49b cylindrical opening of 49

63 damping cylinders

64 inner tube 64a sealing surfaces

65 outer tube

66 upper bearing cap 66a O-rings

67 Slip Ring Assembly

68 lower bearing cap 68a mounting ring

69 Ironing Sleeve Assembly

70 punch assembly 50b support arm

71 spherical support sleeves

72 punch drive rod 7 2a connector

73 first removal stamp

74 socket

75 retaining ring 75a screws

76 support beams

77 gas springs

77a drive rod

80 transfer system

81 lower magnetic tape

82 upper magnetic tape

83 magnetic rollers

84 guide rods

85 drop shear ring

86 punch shear ring

87 Knee Lever Mechanism

88 lower knee lever

89 upper knee lever 41c cam surface

90 corner followers

91 Support

92 cup shape stamps

93 tool curses

94 Retention Mechanism

95 cup holders

96 first ironing die

97 medium magnetic tape

98 suction fingers

99 second ironing punch

100 trimming stations

101 deep drawing die

102 deep-drawn sleeve

103 die

104 Punch Assembly

105 Magnetic Belt Conveyor

106 control mechanism for 98

107 first area

108 second area

109 drive axle

110 crank

111 ball bearings from

112 upper oil line

113 lower oil line

114 pipe

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Claims (9)

1 37 §01 Claims / 1 ·) Stack press with a first section for punching the blanks and for forming cups and a second section for deep drawing and ironing by a common crankshaft (31) located below the first section (40) in which round plates are punched out of a thin sheet of metal and then shaped into a flat cup, whereby the second section (45) is disposed over the first section (40) to receive and use the flat cups Formation of thin-walled elongated containers with one open end, deep-drawing and then ironing. 2. Machine for multiple processing of sheet metal, characterized by a common drive system (30) for powering the work stations of the machine, a first section (40) with a group of tools (85, 86), which are connected to the drive system in order to separate one area from the sheet metal and a first Undergo machining to reduce the footprint of this area by increasing its height, and a second section (45) which is arranged in connection with the first section (40) and the drive system (30) is, with a group of tools, around the sheet metal area formed in the first section (40) further To undergo processing, the processing carried out in the first section (40) one as well require a large area, such as the machining operations carried out in the second section (45) and where the drive system requires approximately the same area as the first and second sections. 3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and second sections (40, 45) and the drive system (30) are stacked vertically one above the other, said surface being approximately the base corresponds to the machine. 4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the drive system (30) on the ground, the first Section (40) is above the drive system and the second section (45) is above the first section. 5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that that the drive system has a crankshaft (31) with crank throws, which with the first and second section (40, 45) are connected to bring about an independent stroke of the tools in the two sections. 6. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the first section (40) is a punching and drawing section is to separate circular blanks from the sheet metal and to shape them into a flat cup, which is a smaller one Diameter than the board. 7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that that the second section (45) is a deep drawing and ironing press which can transform the cup into an elongated thin-walled container. 8. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the first and second sections (40, 45) are numerous Has work lines, each of which involves a series of operations to stamp the sheet metal, Form deep drawing, ironing and trimming into elongated, thin-walled containers. 237603 . 3. 9. Method of forming a thin metal sheet
in an elongated thin-walled cup-shaped container in a batch press in which the crankshaft drives the tools in a stamping and drawing section _t is arranged between the crankshaft and the deep drawing and Abstreckabschnitt, characterized by the following steps: Creating a punching and drawing section that the
Takes up the area of the press, whereby the punching
and drawing operations are carried out with tools that perform a relatively small stroke and
transform the sheet into a flat cup. Transferring the flat cup into a deep-drawing
and ironing section of the press in which the
Cups are increasing due to deep drawing and ironing
is formed into a longer container with a smaller diameter, so that the area required for the deep-drawing and ironing processes is approximately the same as the area required for the stamping and drawing processes and that the strokes required for the deep-drawing and ironing processes are greater than the required for the punching and drawing processes
Strokes.