DE3209621A1 - Method and devices for producing, preparing and fitting coil sets for stators of electrical machines - Google Patents

Abstract

A working method and a device are described for producing and preparing coils, which are cohesive in sets, for switching-free installation into stators of electrical machines. The coil sets are wound on winding templates (33, 33.1), which are pushed in a diametrically opposite manner onto supporting rods (35) of a reel arm (7), which is driven by means of a central drive shaft (5), and can be replaced by means of a template changer (10). The latter is movable and has an end bearing (8) for the drive shaft (5) of the reel, the individual position of the coils in the set being secured by means of coil combs before their removal from the templates (33, 33.1). The coil set is bent on the shoulder of the coil heads, is matched in a forming and adjustment device, and is then drawn into the stator by means of drawing-in strip tongues, the coil combs remaining in the coils. <IMAGE>

Description

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Processes and facilities for manufacturing, dressing and Introduction of coil sets for stators of electrical machines

The invention relates to a working method and devices for production, dressing and circuit-free introduction of coils connected in sets in stators of electrical machines, the coil sets with flat-lying coil strands in a winding machine circular segment-shaped winding templates are produced, which are diametrically opposed to each other on the support rods of a rotating, through a central drive shaft driven reel arm pushed on and replaced by a charger (stencil changer), wherein the stencils are lined up so that the stencil with the largest diameter is on the machine side, and with the correct polarity grouped pull-in strips are used to introduce the coil sets into the stator, between the elastic tongues of which the coil strands can be clamped.

The known technical means which are preferred for carrying out the work mentioned are based in principle on two technologies, the means and working methods of which have so far been used largely independently of one another will. It is about

A) around the conventional winding machine, in which the wire is fed into the circumference of the winding templates in predeterminable amount or number of turns is wound, and

B) about devices for inserting the wire spools into the slots of the stator.

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A) in connection with the present invention, for example, the winding machine and its accessories according to DE-OS 29 15 258 and DE-OS 29 53 092 should be mentioned. The devices dealt with there are specially designed for the production of coherent sets of coils set up, which are suitable for the advantageous circuit-free winding of the stator are, the phase connections between the coils are stripped by insulating tubes, which are in the The winding machine can be automatically pushed onto the last wire turn of each spool. According to DE-OS 29 53 092 a charger is assigned to the winding machine for the template change, which has parallel support rods for the winding templates which can be attached to matching supporting bars in the winding machine after the winding process, so that the template sets with the finished bobbins are withdrawn from the machine and at the same time on the support rods of the Charger can be pushed. Then it is then possible to use the wound wire spools in sets and quickly remove from the template sets and in the meantime open the empty winding templates from a second charger to slide open the support rods of the reel.

To B) is on the device preferred in practice according to DE-PS 26 58 891 for introducing the coils into the To indicate stator slots. This consists of elastically expandable pull-in strips, which are especially suitable for the Bringing the mentioned circuit-free windings suitable are. In contrast to other known devices for Statorbewick & n, it is with these pull-in strips in advantageously possible to use the same Einziehbarenbzw. Tool size for different groove dimensions and

To use winding steps. In addition, the Combine pull-in strips into groups with the correct polarity without additional effort, so that the corresponding phase-connected Coil group can be inserted into the stator in a single operation by pushing or pulling can. This simple and time-saving means and its uncomplicated working method is also suitable for Manufacture of multi-layer windings, as they are particularly preferred for larger stators.

As practice shows convincingly, the means according to A) and 3) are in the range of the more recent useful developments in the field of stator winding. This applies particularly to smaller and medium-sized ones Repair shops, where motors with very different powers and accordingly stators of different Size and type of winding are delivered. There is an exact adjustment to that of the winding machine coming, loosely lying coils to the respective available data of the stator and to the required number of poles Winding step necessary. Such an adjustment takes place by post-forming before the strips are drawn in of the bobbins, especially the bobbin width (= mean distance between the bobbin strands) and the shape of the bobbin head need to be treated. However, it is particularly important for coil sets that are used for circuit-free stator winding are provided that the individual coils are arranged as precisely as possible in a polar position, so that they are pushed into the draw-in strips grouped according to the winding step without difficulty and loss of time and can then be introduced into the stator slots as a whole group at the same time,

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This form and arrangement of the coils suitable for pulling in can be up to a certain wire thickness and Carry out winding density by hand.

However, as the coil size or wire thickness increases, the expenditure of force and time also increases Manual work, which makes the entire work cycle from coil manufacture to stator winding disadvantageous influenced and a noticeable limitation of the work program of small and medium-sized enterprises can lead or force these companies to purchase expensive, special mechanical devices are only profitable in series production.

In the meantime, e.g. by using wrap-around templates With a wide chamber profile, the wire windings can be made flat when the coils are wound place them next to each other so that it is easier to insert the bobbin strands between the tongues of the pull-in strips will. However, it is a condition that the flat profile is retained until it is received in the draw-in strips. to For this purpose, each individual strand has to be provided with a special retaining clip, which is then in front of the Insertion of the bobbin in the pull-in bar is to be removed again, so that this handling of the finished wound bobbins still requires additional hand time and care.

In addition, the coils are thus ready for insertion into the pull-in strip group defined according to the module of the winding step not yet arranged with sufficient accuracy, so that further organizing formal work by hand is necessary which, as already mentioned, become more difficult as the coil size increases.

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With regard to the particular outstanding advantages that are given by the aforementioned draw-in strips, the was Experts have so far been ready to accept the aforementioned difficulties and expenses of the coil preparation, but without to be able to fully utilize the performance capacity of these bars. This would require that in particular the manual times listed above in the preparation of the coils are reduced even further, so that the advantages of relevant pull-in bars come into their own in terms of their effectiveness. This would have to be done when providing of coils prepared in accordance with the strip, in particular, the achievement of a corresponding time cycle for the sequence of the individual work steps can be achieved. The associated shortening of the lead time from the coil production up to the introduction into the stator, and thus the delivery time, is not only for series production, It is also particularly important for repair orders, because here the downtime of the engine to be repaired should be as short as possible.

The object of the invention is therefore seen in the rational stator winding on the basis of the known In this way, drawbars can be further improved by making the necessary preparatory work by hand Measures are replaced, if possible, by mechanical means, i.e. in particular by inexpensive devices, it should be possible to coordinate the work steps in such a way that their functions intermingle with one another as easily as possible pass over. The aim is to use the additional coil shaping even more than before in the functions of the Including the winding machine and the elements for further preparatory measures for the coil treatment to be linked to a clearly structured work system, which is also a technical work aid for the still necessary human cooperation enabled.

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The advantageous and particularly economical solution this object is achieved according to the invention by a working method and devices in which of the known means mentioned at the beginning are assumed and which is carried out by the following process steps and facilities is marked:

The stator winding to be produced by the respective number of poles conditional coil width (= mutual distance between the two corresponding coil strands) is determined by the The winding machine is preformed at the same time in a selectable manner when winding the bobbins, whereupon before the bobbins are removed From the winding templates, the flat coil wire layer and the correct polarity of the individual coils in the coil set be secured by ordering devices, preferably coil combs, which on the coil set up to its complete Insertion into the stator remain.

To remove the finished coil sets and to change the template the principle of the known charger mentioned has proven itself. To, however, especially with the Winding larger coils, the static and dynamic forces that occur in favor of a higher winding speed * ability to master safely, the invention has the charger or the template changer with a repository for the drive shaft of the winding reel. To change the template, the mobile stencil changer removed from the winding machine after the winding machine has stopped, whereupon another, for the next winding process prepared bobbin changer connected to the winding machine and a End storage of the drive shaft is made on the bobbin changer; in addition, the coil sets can be used at the same time

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after they have been loosened, they are removed from the bobbin chambers of the templates via the support rods that are free on one side will.

The previously mentioned method steps and devices according to the invention are particularly distinguished by this that the desired coordination of the coil shape on the insertion of the coils tied to the pull-in strips in the stator, compared to previously with less manual time and more accuracy with affordable technical effort is.

In this sense, the further work step of the invention is to be assessed, which according to claim 1.3 relates to the final shape of the coils to adapt to the advantageous technology of the feed strips.

The characterized for introducing the coils in claim 1.4 Measures ensure in the sense of the task of the invention a time and effort-saving process of the complete Pulling in process in a single operation.

Also those in claims 2.1 to 2.8 and 3.1 to 3.5 listed agents according to the invention for the advantageous implementation of the work steps according to the Claims 1.1 to 1.4 are characterized by low technical effort. The ease of use of the one ~ directions results in a significantly improved streamlining of the entire workflow.

This enables the design of the template parts and their additional devices according to claims 2.1 to 2.5

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in a simple way the use of templates of the same dimensions for the production of coils for windings different numbers of poles. As a result, the previous extensive stockpiling of suitable stencils can be significantly reduced be reduced. In addition, the preparation time for a new winding program can be significant in terms of the task of the invention be shortened.

Due to the longitudinal division of the template sets according to the invention According to claim 4, the removal of the coils from the templates can also be facilitated and thus accelerated so that the handling of heavy bobbins does not delay the work cycle.

The aids according to claims 5.1 to 5.3 provided for introducing the coils into the stator are low technical effort suitable, the coil pulling into the stator in the sense of claim 1.4 exactly and quickly to enable.

The individual devices according to the invention can be coordinated in such a way that the desired one is improved Rationalization of the overall workflow results. The devices mentioned are in close proximity to the stencil changer arranged so that the removed coil set is treated immediately afterwards and to the stator can be brought, wherein the coil strands are kept in a fixed order by the coil combs. Through this the time-consuming use of the well-known special clamps for maintaining the shape of the spool strands is no longer necessary, In addition, the previously necessary care when transporting the bobbin can be used in favor of further time savings to the stator can be reduced or completely disregarded.

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The working system according to the invention is also notable characterized by a high degree of flexibility. Its means are largely adaptable to those in repair shops in particular changing different stator sizes and winding types. This not only reduces the effort for Devices and their availability lowered / but also the respective conversion or handling when changing the Repair and winding tasks are simplified and the desired full utilization of what is possible with the pull-in strips advantageous drawing-in technique achieved.

Further details of the invention are described with reference to the drawings, in which embodiments, partly schematized, are shown.

Fig. 1 is a side view of the winding machine with the Stencil changer

1.1 the extended template changer

Bl. II

FIG. 2 shows the end view of FIG. 1 (without machine housing). FIG. 3 shows section A / A from FIG. 4th (enlarged compared to Fig. 1)

FIG. 3.1 shows section A / A from FIG. 4 with the apex; FIG. 4 shows part of a template set in a plan view 5 shows a cross section through the template set

in a rotated position
6 shows the front view of a stator part with windings for different pole numbers (schematic)

Bl. Ill

7 is a front view of the stencil changer

with spool removal rod
7.1 shows the side view of FIG. 7, FIG. 8 shows the device for crimping bobbins and

Adjust, in plan view Fig. 8.1 the section B / B from Fig. 8

Sheet IV

Fig. 9 the stator with pull-in strips (pull-in preliminary stage) Fig. 9.1 the preparatory coil set Fig. 10 the bobbin comb (shown enlarged compared to Fig. 9.1)

Fig. 10.1 the side view of Fig. 10 Fig. 11 the pull-in strip (on the scale of Fig. 9) Fig.11.1 the section C / C from Fig. 11 Fig.12 a stator longitudinal section with filler rod (on the scale of Fig. 9)

Fig. 13 the longitudinal section of the stator E / E with cover strip driver (enlarged)
Fig.13.1 Fig. 13 in plan view Fig.14 the partial view "F" of Fig. 13 (enlarged)

That in Pig. 1 with 1 designated housing of the winding machine contains the drive motor for the winding reel and the control means for the winding program on the Housing is the sliding switch box 2 and a guide 3 for the protective hood 4 is arranged. Outside of the housing 1 is the known, driven by the motor M device Z for the supply and guidance of the winding wire D, as well as the automatic insulation.

The drive shaft 5 for the inner machine-side reel arm 6 and the outer alternate-side reel arm 7 is on the one hand on the housing 1 in the camp 1a and on the other hand supported by a receiving pin 8 in the journal bearing 8a. This bearing is attached to the frame 9 of a template changer 10 (1Oa) on a bearing cross member 11 (Fig. 2), which is guided in a height-adjustable manner by locking sleeves 12 on supports 13 and by clamping elements 14 is fixable.

The hub 15 of the outer reel arm 7 is e.g. a fixing screw 16 detachably drivingly connected to the drive shaft 5; the outside hub 17 of the reel arm 7 connects it via a fixing screw 18 the mounting pin 8.

The frame 9 of the stencil changer 10 or its supports 13 are attached to a cross member 20, which is provided with driving rollers 21. Furthermore is on the cross member 20 a guide frame with longitudinal Guide bars 22 attached, which when attaching the stencil changer 10 to the winding machine in matching profiled recesses of a base plate 23 of the winding

machine and a positional equality between the drive shaft axis 5 and the axis of the receiving pin 8 allow. To compensate for small Deviations, the journal bearing 8a can be designed to be adjustable.

To block the stencil changer 10 attached to the winding machine, there is a cross member 20 on it a holding frame 24 (Fig. 2) is attached, in which a clamping cam 25 is mounted, which is controlled by a clamping lever 26 can be pivoted in the direction of the arrow. This cam acts via a clamping cross-member 27 on two clamping rams 28, which are guided vertically movable in the cross member 20 and at their lower end for the support are provided on the floor with a covering 29 made of friction-reinforcing elastomeric material. A permanent system of the tensioning cam 25 on the tensioning crossmember 27 is achieved by prestressed compression springs 30, which are located on the Support cross member 20. To stabilize the blocking position, the cam 25 is provided with locking surfaces 31.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the blocking device 27-31 is shown in the released state.

The winding template sets, which are preferably made of plastic 33, 33.1 are designed according to the winding task. In this example, a two-pole, or four-pole, or six-pole circuit-free winding (Fig. 6) assumed. Included are winding template sets with the bobbin chambers 34.1, 34.2, 34.3, 34.4 of different diameters are used, the width "b" of which is such that a flat ürahtlage the coil Sp can be achieved, whereby the skill and time required for the

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Bringing the coil sets into the pull-in strips is significantly reduced. The template sets shown 33 / 33.1 each consist of four stepped, one-piece, connected individual templates, of which im only three templates are required in the present winding program. Template sets with e.g. four (or more) connected Individual stencils are cheaper in terms of their production and use than loosely attached to one another lined up individual stencils.

In this sense, the effect reinforced by the bearing 8a dynamic and static load capacity of the drive shaft is advantageous.

The axially symmetrical on both sides of the drive shaft 5 and diametrically arranged and identically designed template sets 33, 33.1 are connected to the reel arms 6, Connected via square support rods 35, 35.1, on which the template parts 41, 41.1 with their continuous Receiving openings 36, 36.1 can be lined up (Fig. 3, 4, 5).

On each reel arm 6 and 7, a receiving flange 38 is rotatable and via adjusting disks 42 and 43, respectively Slidably mounted in the guide slot 44 or 45 and fixable by clamping devices 46/47. For the reception of the support rods 35 / 35.1 are the receiving openings 39 and 40 or 3 9.1 and 40.1, in which the Support rods with their round shaped, conically tapering ends 35.2 and 35.3 can be inserted.

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According to the invention, a template unit consists of two symmetrically designed template parts 41 and 41.1, which are each pushed onto the support rods 35 and 35.1 are that they are congruent opposite each other, the templates (34.1) with the largest Diameter on the machine side (Fig. 1).

The means shown in FIGS . Ί to 5 make it possible to use the same template set 33 or 33.1 to produce coil sets for winding steps of different sizes depending on the number of poles or for different stator sizes, the distance 2p (and thus the coil width) of template parts 41 according to FIG /41.1 for a two-pole, and the distance 4p for a four-pole, and the distance 6p in Fig. 5 for a six-pole winding step is adjustable.

With large radial distances a of the template parts 41 / 41.1, a for the Introducing into the stator disadvantageous flat or straight apex course V arise. To avoid this, is a in the circular arc-shaped coil chambers 34 of the Stencils transferring, convexly curved apex piece 41.2 can be inserted between the stencil parts 41 / 41.1. As a result, e.g. for the production of large two-pole coils, the use of the divided template sets without Change their basic dimensions can still be expanded significantly. About the increased spacing between the receiving openings To enable 39 / 39.1 for the support rod ends 35.2 / 35.3, the circular shape shown in Fig. 1 to 5 can of the mounting flange 37/38 can be replaced by an elongated rectangular shape (Fig.3.1)

For a more detailed explanation, FIG. 6 shows a stator 50 with the above-mentioned number of poles-dependent winding steps shown schematically.

For the sake of clarity, only the distances or widths 2p, 4p and 6p of the outer, i.e. the largest, coils. The individual coil sets Sp2, Sp4 and Sp6 are in the Grooves 51 of the stator inserted.

The handling of the devices for coil production shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is as follows:

After selecting the suitable template sets 33 / 33.1 (Fig. 1, 2) for the planned, e.g. two-pole, winding with the maximum spool width 2p (Fig. 6), the template parts 41 / 41.1 are on the support rods 35 / 35.1 of the free-standing stencil changer 10a lined up. The support rods 35 / 35.1 are in the receiving openings 39 / 39.1 of the receiving flanges 38 inserted and fixed, these being rotated so that the connecting line between the receiving openings 39 / 39.1 runs approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the reel arm 7, so that the distance "a" between the stencil halves sets (Fig. 3 and 4).

The diametrical distance (= coil length) of the radially adjustable receiving flanges arranged on the reel arm 7 was previously determined 38 set and fixed and the receiving flanges 37 on the reel arm 6 adjusted to this distance, setting scales on the reel arms are used. After finishing the wrapping process with the Stencil changer 10 is its travel blocking by raising the clamping lever 26 and thus lifting the Clamping ram 28 released (Fig. 1 and 2) and the stencil changer 10 with the wound stencil sets from the

Winding machine withdrawn. Then the prepared stencil changer 10a after releasing its blocking device 25 - 30 (Fig. 1.1) driven to the wrapping machine and connected. The free one pushes itself in the process End of the drive shaft 5 into the hub 15 and is connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner by the fixing screw 16. Through the guide bars 22 of the cross member 20 and the matching counter profiles in the base plate 23 of the winding machine an axial alignment between the drive shaft 5 and the receiving pin 8 is achieved. For post-correction, you can use the Bearing 8a be designed as an adjustable split bearing.

After the stencil changer 10a has been connected to the winding machine, the support rods 35 / 35.1 inserted into the receiving openings 39 / 39.1 of the machine-side inner receiving flanges 37 and can there be fixed. To block the working position of the stencil changer, the clamping lever 26 is pressed down, see above that the clamping ram 28 is moved by the clamping cam 25 and the clamping cross member 27 against the compression springs 30 and on pressed against the ground.

The removal of the relaxed bobbins Sp from the template sets 33 / 33.1 of a free-standing template changer can be further facilitated by the fact that after loosening the clamping device, the receiving flange 38 in the guide slot 45 on the reel arm 7 is moved so far radially inward that the bobbins can be lifted over the edges of the stencil chambers and removed. This on known handling is particularly useful in the case of the stencil layer shown in FIG. For coils that open Part stencils are wound according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the bobbin can be removed in a simple manner by turning the Holding flanges 38 by 90 °, and thus by loosening the Coils in the transverse direction, are facilitated.

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The removal of very large and therefore heavy sets of bobbins, e.g. with four bobbins each, can be made easier and thus be accelerated that the stencil changer shown in Fig. 1 or 1.1 with a special bobbin removal device is provided. According to Fig. 7 and 7.1 this has an acceptance rod 10.1, which is parallel to Template axis can be inserted into the space between the divided templates 41 / 41.1 and thereby the Coils Sp moves under. To receive and guide the acceptance rod 10.1, the head piece 9b, which is on the height-adjustable bearing traverse 11 of the frame 9a is attached and has a guide slot 9c for the removal rod. As a vertically adjustable bracket the removal rod 10.1 is provided with a screw bolt 9d which is passed through a head plate 9e and has an adjusting nut 9f which is supported on the head plate 9e. As further guidance and support the removal rod is provided with a support plate 9g which rests freely on the head piece 9b. After the Reel arm 7 and insertion of the removal rod 10.1 into the position shown, the clamping device 47 is released, and the Aufnähmeflansch 38 on the reel arm 7 vertically so Moved far down until (according to Fig. 7 and 7.1) all the bobbins Sp hang on the removal rod 10.1 and the templates are set lower by the distance (indicated by dash-dotted lines). After removing the template sets 33 can then the coils of these sets are stripped from the removal rod 10.1 and transferred to a for further processing Bobbin trolleys are detached. The stencil sets 33.1 and their coils are removed in the same way.

When the bobbin is removed, the bobbin position of each bobbin set Sp is simultaneously determined by inserting sink combs (Fig. 8 / 9.1 / 10 / 10.1) secured between the coil strands St.

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The coils of a set and their circuit connections are thereby brought to a common level, which means a further preparatory step, the moving in favored in the stator by pull-in strips.

The coil boxes 52 remain in the coil sets as long as until they are completely drawn into the stator with the pull-in strips 70 (FIGS. 9-14).

As shown in FIGS. 10 / 10.1, the coil combs 52 consist of a comb strip 59 to which the wedge-shaped tapered comb tongues 53 are attached, the pitch t of which corresponds to the slot pitch of the stator to be wound. Between the tongues, receiving spaces 54 are provided for the coil strands, which are designed so that the flat wire layer of the inserted coil strands St is maintained. The coil comb consists of an elastomeric material, wherein the ends of the comb-tongues 53 are formed as oval hollow body whose convex walls 53a spring ^- against one another nd. When the bobbin is inserted, the walls recede accordingly and then spring back together again. This ensures that the further finishing work on the coils and also the pulling into the stator can be carried out without the order of the coils and their flat wire layer, which is important for the pulling-in process, being disturbed.

The comb strip 59 is provided with a guide groove 58, the purpose of which is explained in more detail in connection with the devices according to FIGS. 13, 13.1 and 14.

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To produce coil sets Sp for a different, e.g. four-pole, winding step with the same slot pitch (4p Fig. 6), the same support rods 35 / 35.1 and templates as were used for the previous two-pole winding step are now inserted into the receiving openings 40 in the flush-free template changer 10a /40.1 of the receiving flange 38 inserted and fixed (Fig. 3). Then the template changer prepared in this way is connected to the winding machine, the support rods also being inserted into the receiving openings 40 / 40.1 of the receiving flange on the machine-side reel arm 6 and the drive shaft 5 being connected to the hub 15 in a rotationally fixed manner. As shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 3, this results in a transverse distance a ¹ between the inner template edges and thus the desired winding pitch of 4p.

For producing the coils for a six-pole winding step (6p Fig.6), in which the winding step length and thus the coil width is comparatively even smaller than with 4p, the same can be achieved with the same slot pitch Template set can be used as before, but with correspondingly smaller radii. For this conversion it is sufficient if the receiving flanges 37/38 are rotated, for example, clockwise by 90 into the position according to FIG. 5, so that now the line connecting the receiving openings 39/40 in the receiving flanges 37/38 runs in the reel arm axis and the coil widths or winding pitch lengths are determined directly by the template radii. Be here So, as with conventional winding machines, only one-sided partial templates at the ends of the reel arms (e.g. 41) used.

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As a further pretreatment for the introduction into the stator, the coils must be cranked in the area of the head attachment will. This measure is particularly useful for the winding of long stators because it what is achieved is that the entire length of the coil strand is drawn into the stator slot, the cranked one Coil part SK protrudes radially into the stator interior (see. Fig. 9.1 and 12). The bend is particular also advantageous for multi-layer windings.

The Abkröpfvorrichtung shown in Fig. 8 and 8.1 consists essentially of a hold-down device 56, which by a hinge 55 against the base plate 57 for the Bobbin heads SK is pivotable and holds the heads during the crimping. In the base plate 57 is a continuous Guide groove 58 is provided in which the comb strips 59 of the coil combs 52 can be pushed in from both sides, so that the between the comb tongues 53 clamped coil strands St lie on the base plate 57. On this plate is on both sides of the Hold-down device 56 each have a shaping and adjusting device 60 with which the spool width = mutual The distance between the two strands of a coil can be corrected, e.g. using a measuring gauge, so that their position corresponds exactly to the intended winding step. The device has 60 for this purpose two form levers 61 which are each attached to a double joint 62 mounted on the base plate, which the Form lever 61 makes vertically pivotable about a horizontal axis 63 and horizontally about a vertical axis 64. On his The free end of the shaped lever 61 is provided with a handle 65 and an elongated hole 66 which is used to receive a driving pin 67 is used to move the coil comb 52.

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The handling and mode of operation of the cranking device and adjusting device is as follows:

The comb strips 59 of the coil combs 52 are raised when Hold-down device 56 and raised form levers 61 with the coil set pushed into guide groove 58 so far that that the coil heads are approximately symmetrical to the marked center line ML of the device. Then be the shaping levers 61 are pivoted away until the driving pins 67 engage in the elongated holes 66. By lever movement in the indicated arrow directions, the coil width can be increased or decreased via the coil combs 52 so that the widths of the coil strands St are adapted to the winding pitch.

Since the stator slots 51 lie on an arc of a circle, the insertion of the coils into the draw-in strips 70, in particular with larger stator diameters, are additionally facilitated by the fact that the above-described Spool adjustment also takes this step into account. This can be done in that the two coil combs on the base plate 57 are set to run diagonally against one another are (indicated by dash-dotted lines in Fig. 8), so that their position approximately corresponds to the course and the position of the arc sections corresponds to the pitch circle of the groove, which accommodate the groups of strips (LG Fig.9).

The hold-down device is used for the subsequent crimping of the bobbins 56 pressed onto the adjusted coil heads SK and fixed so that the free coil strands St accordingly Fig. 8.1 can be bent in the direction of the arrow. After swiveling up the parts 56 and 61, the can now be introduced The coil set prepared in the stator slots and provided with the coil combs 52 can be removed

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and, for example, can be brought to the stator 50 on the indicated coil hanger 69 (Fig. 9.1).

There the draw-in strips 70 are now combined to strip groups LG according to the number of bobbins. Every Pull-in strip is provided at its closed end with a driving cam 73 (Fig. 11 / 11.1), which on is held on both sides by mounting brackets 71 and 74. These brackets are connected to one another by screw connections -76a braced, so that a complex recording of the groups of drawing strips is guaranteed. An edge collar engages here 74a of the mounting bracket 74 into the recess 70a of the pull-in strip 70, whereby an additional form-fitting Connection between these parts is established. The tension bolt 76 is attached to the mounting bracket 74 connected to the pull shaft 77, which is operated with the (not shown) by hand or with servo power Retraction mechanism is connected.

Before the prepared coil sets are inserted into the pull-in strip groups LG, these are as shown in FIG is inserted into the beginning of the stator slots 51. Furthermore, the opening width of the protruding Last tongues 72 by expanding devices, preferably expanding wedges 78, enlarged so that the coil strands can be inserted quickly and unrestrainedly.

The expanding wedges 78 (which are only shown in one group of strips) can also be designed as a coherent unit be. To reinforce the non-positive guidance of the pull-in strips inserted into the stator slots In addition, clamping wedges 78a can be pressed in between the strip tongues 72.

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Around. at the same time as the coil sets also the known ones The arrangement shown in FIGS. 13 / 13.1 and 14 is used to introduce profiled cover strips into the stator structures intended.

A pick-up 81 is attached behind each coil strand St inserted in the coil comb 52, in which the cover strip 82 is clamped by a clamping screw 83 to the support plate 81 a, which is attached to the web 84. The transducer is provided with a driver shoulder 85 which engages in the guide groove 58 of the comb bar 59. Behind A pulling plate 86 is provided for the receiver 82 and is dimensioned so that they all take part in the drawing-in process Can detect transducer 82. For this purpose, the tension plate is connected to the mounting bracket via a tie rod 87 connected via an intermediate plate 87a, wherein the pull rod can be adjustable in length.

In the grouping of the means used in the drawing-in process shown in Fig. 13 / 13.1, it is assumed that that the cranked part of the coil strands St in the expanded according to FIG. 9 and in the grooves 51 of the front stator part inserted pull-in strips 70 and the expanding wedges 78 and the Clamping wedges 78a are removed.

During the pulling-in process that now follows, the tensile force of the pulling shaft 77 is applied to the mounting bracket 71/74 via the Driving cams 73 and thus transferred to the pull-in strips. These pull the coil strands St inserted into the stator slots 51 with them, which through the coil combs 52 are held in a position during the entire drawing-in process, which enables the exact insertion of the coil wires guaranteed in the stator slots. The cover tape pick-up

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O ΔΌΌΌΔ I -32-

are made by the pull rod 87 and the pull plate 86 pulled at the same time, the webs 84 of which are guided in the stator slots, so that the on the support plate 81a clamped cover strip 82 is pulled through the stator slot and covers the inserted coil strand. Here, the transducer 81 acts through its being pushed into the guide groove 58 of the comb bar 59 Driving attachment 85 at the same time as a hold-down device for the bobbin comb 52. This ensures that the bobbin strand when drawing in, the stator groove fills in its entire length, with the draw-in strips being essential can be shorter than the stator slots. Without these measures there is a risk that the non-positive Coil entrainment effect of the short pull-in strips at the end of the groove is reduced in such a way that it reduces the frictional resistance between the strip-free groove walls and the coil strand can no longer overcome, so that the Retraction ends prematurely. In order to press the coil wires close together and onto the bottom of the groove so that the bobbin layer is secured in the groove, a filler rod 7 9 with an adapted after pulling in over the bobbin Cross-section pushed positively into the groove (Fig. 12). It also helps with multi-layer windings the pulling in of a second coil strand into the already occupied slot made possible or facilitated.

In Fig. 12, the meaning of the cranking is also shown SK coil heads visible. At the end of the groove (right) the coil head (SK) is indicated by dotted lines, whereby it can be seen that the bend made before drawing in the bobbin can be grasped by the draw-in bar,

that the coil wire is completely inserted into the end area of the groove without additional assistance. To Removal of the bobbin combs 52 and the pull-in strips 70, the cranked bobbin heads SK are through a Form lever 80 bent back in the usual way to the stator edge, the lever 80 being held on the one held by the groove Filler rod 79 can support. Then the filler rod is removed.

1 housing

la housing bearing

2 control box

3 leadership

4 protective hood

5 drive shaft "

ό reel arm (machine side)

7 reel arm (alternating)

8 mounting trunnions 8a trunnion bearings

■ 9 frame 9a frame (Fig. 7)

10 stencil changers

lOa template changer (free) 10.1 Acceptance rod

11 storage traverse

12 Locking sleeve

13 nozzles

14 clamping element

15 hub

Io fixing screw

17 reel arm hub

18 fixing tube

19 - -

20 cross members

21 Castor

22 handlebar

23 base plate

24 parking frames

25 clamping cams

26 tension levers

27 Tensioning traverse

28 clamping rams

29 topping

30 compression spring

31 locking surface 32

33 Template set 33.1 Template set

34 -34.1-34.2-34.3-34.4 Spulsnkammei

35 Support rod 35.1 Support rod 35.2 / 35.3 Support rod ends 3ό receiving opening 36.1 Reception opening in the template

37 mounting flange (inside)

38 mounting flange (outside)

39 Reception opening 39.1 Reception opening

40 receiving opening 40.1 receiving opening

41 template part (left)

41.1 Template part (right)

41.2 apex

42 adjusting disc (inside)

43 adjusting disc (outside)

44 guide slot (inside)

45 guide slot (outside)

46 clamping device (inside)

47 clamping device (outside)

48 -

49 -

50 stator

51 stator slot

File 9910

COPY

-SS-

52 bobbin comb

53 Comb tongue

53a comb tongue wall

54 recording room

55 hinge

56 hold-down devices

57 base plate

58 guide groove

59 Kasm ledge

60 Forra and adjustment device

61 Form lever

62 double joint

63 horizontal axis

64 vertical axis

79
80 ^Foot rod 3209621
Form lever 81 Transducer 81a Support plate 82 Cover strips 83 Clamping screw 84 web 85 Driver approach 86 Tension plate 87 pull bar

87a intermediate plate

65 Handle D. Winding wire 66 Long hole SK Coil head 67 Driving pin LG Pull-in bar group 68 _ . M. engine 69 Spool hanger ML Center line 70 Pull-in bar Sp Coil set

70a recess

71 mounting bracket

72 tongue

73 driving cams

74 mounting bracket 74a edge flange

75 screw connection

76 draw bolts

77 traction shaft

78 expanding wedge 78 j clamping wedge

Sp2-Sp6 coil sets with winding step information

St coil strand V vertex straight line Z wire feed

a / a ¹ Clearances between the template parts

b Width of the template chamber

S Adjustment distance of the template sets (Fig. 7 / 7.1)

File 9910

Blank page

Claims (5)

PATENT ADVERTISEMENT ^ DlPL-ING. EBERHARD EISELE D.4.-INU fHERB * ERT OTTEN Authorized representative at the European Patent Office Goetheplatz 7 - 798O Ravensburg - Telephone (O751) 214OO Official. Designation: "Process and equipment for manufacturing, trimming and inserting sets of coils for stators of electrical machines" Claims working method and equipment for manufacturing and trimming of coils connected in sets for the circuit-free introduction in stators of electrical machines, the coil sets with flat-lying coil strands in a winding machine on circular segment-shaped, graduated in diameter winding template 'ions are produced, which are pushed diametrically opposite each other on the support rods of a reel arm driven by a central drive shaft and are exchangeable by a charger (template changer), the templates are lined up in such a way that the template with the The largest diameter is located on the machine side, and in order to introduce the coil sets into the stator, use is made of pull-in strips that are grouped with the correct polarity and between the elastic tongues of which the coil strands can be clamped, g e characterized by the following process steps and facilities: 1.1 The coil width determined by the respective number of poles of the stator winding to be produced, = mutual Distance (2p, 4p, 6p) between the two corresponding coil strands is determined by the winding machine when Winding of the coils in a selectable manner at the same time preformed, whereupon before removing the coils from the winding templates the flat coil wire layer and the correct polarity of the individual coils in the coil set (Sp) Organizing devices, preferably coil combs (52), are secured, which on the coil set up to its complete insertion into the stator, 1.2 The mobile template changer, which is provided with a journal bearing (8a) for the drive shaft (5), is used to change templates after the winding machine has been stopped, it is withdrawn from it, whereupon another one for the next one Winding process prepared bobbin changer (1Oa) connected to the winding machine and a final storage the drive shaft (5) is produced on the bobbin changer; in addition, the coil sets, after they have been loosened, removed from the bobbin chambers of the templates via the support rods that are free on one side will. * Λ Ir Λ 1.3 Then the coil set is bent off in the area of the attachment of the coil heads (SK) and the coil widths are adjusted in a shaping and adjusting device (60) the arrangement and position of the pull-in strip groups (LG) in the stator (50) due to the winding step, adapted, whereupon the opening width of the pull-in strip tongues (72) through in a further operation Expanding wedges (76) enlarged and the frictional connection between the draw-in strips and the by clamping wedges (78a) Groove edges is reinforced, and then each with the Coil combs (52) provided with a coil set (Sp) in its pull-in strip group previously pushed into the start of the stator slot (LG) is used. 1.4 In the next work step, after removing the expanding wedges (78) and clamping wedges (78 a), an on the pull shaft (77) attached mounting bracket (74) from the rear of the stator to the contact with the driving cams (73) of the pull-in strips (70) and then another mounting bracket (71) from the The front of the stator is placed against the other side of the driving cams (73) and secured by a tension bolt (76) as well as clamping screws (76a) connected to the pull shaft (77) and the mounting bracket (74), whereupon to each pull-in strip a cover strip take-up device (81) is connected and then the pulling-in process is carried out, wherein the bobbin combs (52) lying on the bobbins on the bobbins until after the drawing-in process has ended remain. 2. Facilities for carrying out the work process according to claim 1.1, characterized by the following features: 2.1 Each winding template consists of two identically shaped segments of a circle that form a template unit Template parts (41 / 41.1), each on at least one support rod (35 / 35.1) each other are arranged congruently opposite one another and their radial distance (a) from one another is adjustable and is fixable. 2.2 To accommodate the support rods of each template unit, mounting flanges (37/38) are radially adjustable and fixable on the reel arm (6/7), with which the support rods (35 / 35.1) are connected so that their mutual spacing and thus also the mutual spacing (a / a ¹ ) of the template parts (41 / 41.1) can be changed and determined, the marked spacing determining the desired number of poles-dependent coil width (2p / 4p / 6p). 2.3.As a connection between the support rods and the receiving flanges (37, 38), a form-fitting detachable plug connection is provided, the receiving flanges being provided with receiving openings (39, 39.1 / 40, 40.1) which are each arranged diametrically on a pitch circle, in such a way that the pitch circle diameters running transversely to the coil strands result in the spacing (a, a ¹ ) of the template parts (41, 41.1). -5- a ₁ , ·> a -5- 2.4 The mounting flanges are used to adjust the spool width around the one running between the pair of supporting rods The central longitudinal axis can be rotated and locked on the reel arm (6,7). 2.5 There is between the two template parts (41 / 41,1) a convex curved apex piece (41.2) can be inserted into the template chambers (34), 2.6 The bobbin comb (52) is attached to a comb bar (59) with a number of wedge-shaped ones Comb tongues (53) which can be inserted between the individual coil strands and whose division (t) corresponds to the slot pitch of the stator to be wound, with a receiving space between two tongues (54) is available for a coil strand, which is designed so that the inserted strand is easily pinched and its flat wire layer is retained. 2.7 The comb-free underside of the comb bar is with a continuous guide groove (58). 2.8 Each tongue of the sorting comb (52) is shaped at its upper end as a hollow oval, whose con ~ vex walls (53a) rest resiliently against one another in the row direction, in such a way that the walls are pushed in when the bobbins are inserted spring apart and then close again. τ-6- 3. Devices for performing the working method according to claims 1.2 to 1.4 characterized by the following features: 3.1 Coaxial with the machine-side inner reel arm (6) is an outer reel arm (7) with the Claims 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 trained receiving flanges (38) provided, the inner machine-side reel arm hub (15) on the one hand the drive shaft (5) can be plugged and fixed on this shaft, and the outer one is reciprocal Reel arm hub (17) is provided with a receiving pin (8), the bearing (8a) of which on the frame (9) is a Template changing device (10, 1Oa) is mounted vertically adjustable and fixable, the Support rods (35, 35.1) on the receiving flanges (38) of the outer reel arm (7) can be determined so that the changing device (10) together with its accessories (7, 8, 8a, 9, 15, 17, 38) can be removed from the winding machine for the template change. 3.2 The mobile interchangeable device (10) or its frame (9) is provided with a cross member (20), which has a blocking device (25, 26, 27, 28) and guide means, e.g. guide bars (22), the changing device when attached to the winding machine in a with corresponding counter profiles provided base plate (23) of the winding machine axially parallel to the drive shaft (5) positively to lead. -7- 3.3 The free length of the support rods (35, 35.1) is dimensioned so that several template sets (33, 33,1) one behind the other can be lined up on the support rods. 3.4 A clamping device for the coil heads is provided for cropping and adjusting the coil heads, which consists of a hold-down device (56) which rests against a base plate (57) for the coil heads (SK) is pivotable, the base plate is provided with a center line marking (ML) and has a guide groove (58) which is used to insert and fix the between the coil strands clamped coil combs (52) is used. 3.5. To adapt the spool widths to the arrangement of the single-bar groups caused by the winding step (LG) in the stator are according to claim the coil combs and thus the coil strands to the necessary adjustment of the bobbin width with pressure or tensile force transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin in the Guide groove (58) movable. 4. Process and devices according to claims 1.2 and to 2.5 for removing the coils from the templates, characterized in that after the vertical position of the Reel arm (7) a removal rod (10.1) guided on the frame (9a) of the template changer into the free spaces is inserted between the template parts (41 / 41.1) placed upwards in such a way that it contains all coil strands (St) goes under, whereupon the receiving flange (38) with the support rods (35 / 35.1) on the reel arm (7) after is adjusted below (distance 5) until the bobbin strands are picked up by the removal rod (10.1) and out of the template chambers (34) are excavated so that the template sets (33 / 33.1) are pulled off and then the bobbins are stripped from the removal rod and transferred to a provided Spool trolley suspended in the position of use can be. 5. Devices for performing the method steps according to claim 1.4, characterized by the following Characteristics: 5.1 At the closed end of the pull-in strip (70) is the driving cam (73) attached so that it protrudes between the mounting bracket (71/74), the Mounting bracket (74) engages with a raised edge (74a) in a recess (70a) in the pull-in strip. 5.2 The per se known pick-up (81) for the cover strip (82) is equipped with a driving attachment (85) provided in the guide groove (58) of the comb bar (59) can be inserted. 5.3 There is a length adjustable on the mounting bracket (71) Tie rod (87) can be connected, which is provided at its other end with a tension plate (86), which is dimensioned in such a way that, during the drawing-in process, it is positively connected to the one with the drawing-in strips connected cover strip pick-up (81) applies.