DE318271C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE318271C DE318271C DENDAT318271D DE318271DA DE318271C DE 318271 C DE318271 C DE 318271C DE NDAT318271 D DENDAT318271 D DE NDAT318271D DE 318271D A DE318271D A DE 318271DA DE 318271 C DE318271 C DE 318271C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- bast fiber
- raw
- digestion
- added
- liquor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 B. Sodium Sulfur Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003165 Abomasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000006600 Humulus lupulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 Indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 240000007871 Indigofera tinctoria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219745 Lupinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218998 Salicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N Thioindigo Chemical group S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003864 Ulex europaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010730 Ulex europaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000988 sulfur dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000984 vat dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
- D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Description
AUSGEGEBEN AM 10. JANUAR 1920ISSUED ON JANUARY 10, 1920
KLASSE 29 b GRUPPECLASS 29 b GROUP
In neuerer Zeit ist als Ersatz für Baumwolle vielfach die Bastfaser vorgeschlagen worden. Um aus den verschiedenen Bastfaserpflanzen eine spinnfähige Faser zu gewinnen, wurden früher die rohen Stengel von Flachs, Hanf, später auch von Schilf, Ginster, Lupinen, Hopfen und Weiden einem Rösten in der Weise unterworfen, daß die Rohmasse längere oder kürzere Zeit der Einwirkung dei' Atmosphäri-Hen oder auch der von kaltem und warmem Wasser unterworfen wurde. Durch diese Behandlung wurde die Lockerung und Trennung der Bastfaserbündel von dem rohen Pflanzenstengel bewirkt, worauf dann, die Bastfaser durch mechanische Behandlung von verholzten Teilen befreit wurde.In recent times, bast fibers have been proposed many times as a substitute for cotton. In order to obtain a spinnable fiber from the various bast fiber plants, the raw stalks of flax, Hemp, later also of reeds, gorse, lupins, hops and willows roasted in the same way subject to the fact that the raw mass is longer or shorter time of the action of the atmosphere or that has been subjected to cold and warm water. Through this treatment was the loosening and separation of the bast fiber bundles from the raw plant stem causes, whereupon, the bast fiber by mechanical treatment of lignified Sharing was freed.
Es liegt in der Natur der Sache, daß alle diese Arbeitsvorgänge längere Zeit in Anspruch nehmen. Bei der großen Nachfrage nach Gespinsten war daher das Bestreben darauf gerichtet, die Behandlungsdauer abzukürzen. Zu diesem Zwecke wurde versucht, gewisse chemische Verfahren, die bereits bei der Isolierung der Zellulose aus Hölzern benutzt waren, auf die Bastfaserpflanzen zur Gewinnung der Bastfaser zu übertragen. Ein bekanntes Verfahren dieser. Art besteht darin, die rohe Holzmasse mit Lauge von bestimmter Grädigkeit unter Druck oder in offenen Gefäßen mehrere Stunden lang zu kochen, wodurch die Inkrusten gelöst werden und die Zellulose freigelegt wird.It is in the nature of things that all of these operations take a long time to take. With the great demand for webs, efforts were therefore directed to shorten the duration of treatment. To this end, attempts were made to use certain chemical processes that were already used in the isolation the cellulose from wood were used on the bast fiber plants to obtain the Transfer bast fiber. A well-known process of this. Kind is the raw wood mass with lye of a certain degree under pressure or in open vessels several Cook for hours, which will loosen the incrustations and expose the cellulose.
Nach diesem Verfahren können auch mitThis procedure can also be used with
roher Bastfasermasse gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Die Erzeugnisse einer solchen Kochung bestehen zunächst in der freigelegten Bastfaser und dann in einer stark braun gefärbten Lauge, die neben den sämtlichen Inkrusten auch eine bedeutende Menge Pektinkörper enthält, die bekanntlich in pflanzlichen Membranen reichlich vorhanden sind. Über den Chemismus dieser Körper ist man nur sehr unvollkommen unterrichtet, es ist aber bekannt, daß die Pektinkörper den Zuckerarten nahestehen und als solche in Gegenwart von Lauge stark reduzierendeWirkungen ausüben.raw bast fiber mass good results can be achieved. The products of such cooking consist first in the exposed bast fiber and then in a strong brown colored lye, which, in addition to all the incrustations, also contains a significant amount of pectin, which are known to be abundant in plant membranes. About chemism one is only very imperfectly informed about this body, but it is known that the Pectin bodies are close to the types of sugar and, as such, have a strong reducing effect in the presence of lye exercise.
Man weiß nun aus der Färbereitechnik, daß es gewisse Vorteile bietet, eine Spinnfaser nicht als Gespinst oder Gewebe, sondern in loser Form, nämlich in der Wolle zu färben. So erzeugte Färbungen sind Viel gleichmäßiger durchgefärbt und geben beim nachherigen Weiterverarbeiten Gespinst- und Gewebefärbungen von viel größerer Reib- und Waschechtheit als auf dem gewöhnlichen Wege erzeugte. It is now known from dyeing technology that staple fibers offer certain advantages as spun or woven fabric, but in loose form, namely to be dyed in the wool. So The colorations produced are much more evenly colored and give afterwards Further processing of spun and fabric dyeings of much greater rub and wash fastness than produced in the usual way.
Das vorliegende Verfahren beiuht nun auf der Erkenntnis, daß mit der alkalischen Aufschließung von Bastfaserrohmasse in technisch vorteilhafter Weise gleichzeitig der Färbevorgang verbunden werden kann, indem der alka- 60' lischen Aufschließungsflotte reduzierbare Farbstoffe zugesetzt werden, welche die durch Kochen freigelegte Bastfaser unter Mitwirkung der sich hierbei bildenden, reduzierend wirkenden zuckerartigen Stoffe anfärben. Zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens eignen sich vor allem Farbstoffe, die durch alkalische Reduktion in lösliche, zur pflanzlichen Faser Affinität besitzende Produkte umgewandelt werden, also insbesondere die sogenannten Küpenfarbstoffe, wozu in erster Linie Indigo und seine Derivate, dann die Vertreter der Thioindigogruppe, dieThe present proceedings have now come to an end the knowledge that with the alkaline digestion of raw bast fiber mass in technical Advantageously, the dyeing process can be combined at the same time by using the alka- 60 ' Lischen digestion liquor reducible dyes are added, which the through Boiling exposed bast fiber with the participation of the reducing effect that forms in this process Color sugar-like substances. To carry out this process are particularly suitable Dyes that are soluble in alkaline reduction and have an affinity for vegetable fibers Products are converted, so in particular the so-called vat dyes, including primarily indigo and its derivatives, then the representatives of the thioindigo group, the
N-Dihydroanthrachinonazine und die Schwefelfarbstoffe gehören. ,. - ,.'. .,N-dihydroanthraquinonazines and the sulfur dyes belong. ,. -,. '. .,
Wird ,beispielsweise .bei der Aufschließung der Bastfaserröhrnässe" in der Weise gearbeitet, daß dfer .etwa.6-.'bisv:i5^grädigen alkalischen Kochflotte der passende Farbstoff zugesetzt wird, so erhält man nach Beendigung der Aufschließung die freigelegte Faser in der gewünschten Farbe. Abgesehen davon, daß to hierbei Aufschließung und Färbung in einem Arbeitsvorgange erfolgt, wird noch der Vorteil erzielt, daß die Färbung in der echtesten Form erhalten wird.Is, for example, worked .for the digestion of Bastfaserröhrnässe "in such a manner that dfer .etwa.6 - 'to V. I5 ^ grädigen alkaline cooking liquor of a suitable dye is added, after completion of the digestion yields the bared fiber in the desired Color: Apart from the fact that the decomposition and coloring are carried out in one operation, there is also the advantage that the coloring is obtained in the most genuine form.
Das Kochen der Bastfaserrohmasse kann entweder in offenen Gefäßen oder unter Druck oder Vakuum erfolgen.The raw bast fiber mass can be boiled either in open vessels or under pressure or vacuum.
Je nach der Art des zur Anwendung gelangenden Farbstoffes kann das beschriebene Verfahren mit oder ohne Zusatz von Schwefelalkalien, z. B. Schwefelnatrium, durchgeführt ao werden.Depending on the type of dye used, this can be described Process with or without the addition of alkaline sulfur, e.g. B. Sodium Sulfur, performed ao will.
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE318271C true DE318271C (en) |
Family
ID=570866
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT318271D Active DE318271C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE318271C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1132287B (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1962-06-28 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Process for the production of loose cellulose material from plants containing fiber bundles |
DE1160726B (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1964-01-02 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Process for the production of filter material, especially for tobacco smoke, from cellulosic plant fibers |
-
0
- DE DENDAT318271D patent/DE318271C/de active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1132287B (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1962-06-28 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Process for the production of loose cellulose material from plants containing fiber bundles |
DE1160726B (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1964-01-02 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Process for the production of filter material, especially for tobacco smoke, from cellulosic plant fibers |
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