DE3135709A1 - Insert for columns used for heat exchange and mass transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

In order in columns, in which heat exchange and mass transfer processes proceed, to achieve low resistances to flow, a uniform and almost complete wettability of the surfaces and homogeneous exchange conditions in the entire volume, inserts (1) are used which are composed of rectangular plates (3) which are arranged vertically in the column (2) and are detachably or permanently joined along the longer edges. Three, four or six of these plates (3) can be joined together in each case, as a result of which flow channels (6) having a triangular, square or hexagonal profile respectively, are formed. In each plate (3), cutouts (7, 8) having a regular geometrical profile are made, which are arranged in pairs along the plate (3) and are bent towards the two sides of the plate, the bending lines of these cutouts being inclined at an acute angle to the plate edge. The cutouts (7, 8) form barriers in the flow channel (6) formed by the plates (3), which barriers are arranged at the same height or at different heights along the canal length. <IMAGE>

Description

Insert for used for heat and mass transfer

Columns The invention relates to an insert for heat and Mass transfer columns used in the absorption, extraction, distillation, the droplet separation, the defogging, the cleaning of gases, as well as for one membrane-free heat exchange can be used.

Various designs of inserts are already included their components to optimize 'mass and heat exchange processes in with known to the deployments of equipped column apparatus.

Of great importance for the kinetic course of the mass and heat exchange are among other things the conditions of the flow and the mutual contact of the phases as well as hydrodynamic conditions of use, which affect the effectiveness and economy of the process. Flow resistances are of essential importance, an even and complete wetting of the surface of use as well as possible large effective surfaces of the inserts. The missions must therefore be intensive Ensure mass and heat exchange, what with a large contact wig surface of phases and minimal flow resistance.

On the one hand, ring elements satisfy these contradicting 3 conditions in the form of bulk fillings or laid fillings and, on the other hand, structural elements, either as inserts with a rigid but detachable structure made from the same components with a specific location in use or as a uniform, to the dimensions of the apparatus adapted building inserts are executed.

The ring elements include the so-called Raschig rings with smooth or corrugated surface as well as with modifications in the form of ribs, barriers, etc. in the interior, also tessing rings with single or double locks, Dixon rings Made of wire mesh without a lock or with a lock, Pall rings with rectangular cutouts in the circumferential surface, which are curved in an arc in the direction of the axis, and forming rings with locks and circular cutouts in the surface.

From PL-PS 55 193, 70 169, 74 693, 86 686, 100 420y 100 697, 101 135, 101 927 and 105 806 filling elements are known, their common property is an annular shape. They are generally made by rolling a tape produced in which openings of various shapes have been cut out beforehand. The resulting cutouts are bent in the direction of the axis, whereby the free flow area is masked out.

These cutouts form tail units for the medium as well as vortex elements for the flow and are single or in pairs in one or more rows arranged on the outer surface of the ring.

From PL-PS 58 460 a column insert is known, which consists of two or several perforated undulating surfaces, on which on both sides transversal locks are alternately attached. These surfaces are rigid, mutually exclusive connected in parallel and placed vertically in the column.

PLvPS 63 575 describes a column filling that consists of consists of several layers, each layer being one Grid system of mutually penetrating strips bent to the level forms and the adjacent layers are set up in such a way that their strips are inclined in opposite directions.

Other column fillings known from PL-PSs 82 403 and 86 621 for mass transfer consist of a series of metal plates or plastic plates, which are distributed in parallel sectors of ribbons or cutouts and the shape of wavy lines or serrated lines in surfaces perpendicular to the plate lie. The bands or sections of a plate penetrate the bands accordingly or sections of the neighboring panels.

From PL-PS 97 242 is a column filling executed in the form of packages known, the contact surfaces arranged parallel to the column axis for the phases, with the flow swirling between these surfaces Insert parts are arranged.

In the PL-PS'n 100 676 and 101 599 are components of fillings or inserts described as horizontal drainage floors or as vertical gutters are designed with flow control unit. The floors or gutters are under each other Arranged at any angle and form - seen in the transverse direction - a zigzag line profile. The 'flow control units are in the form of cut and bent cutouts executed by regular geometric figures or noses.

Column filling elements are known from PL-PSs 75 351 and 84 623, as spirally rolled, randomly arranged strips with gates in the Form of various geometric figures are executed, which alternate in and out of the spiral are bent, the height of the bent Gates determine the distance between the rolls of the tapes.

Also known is a column filling (DE-PS 1 181 672) which made of parallel, vertically positioned sheet metal stacks consists, where one layer is shifted from another by an angle of 900 and each Sheet metal was previously cut and stretched so that a system of rhombus-shaped Openings is formed.

The well-known so-called PANAPAK filling consists of two previously cut and elongated sheet metal strips that have rhombic openings. The sheet will welded in a t'Ve shape. These elements are placed with the tips up and thereby form a filling insert.

The well-known so-called SPRAYPAK filling has a large free cross-section and consists of a few millimeters wide grid strips, which are in the form of rectangular Packages are used in the column.

The well-known so-called SULZER filling consists of cylindrical, multilayered, segments made from parallel folded wire mesh strips. The inside of the column neighboring segments are mutually rotated by 900. The folds are towards the column axis inclined, with the following strips in different directions of wrinkles.

With the well-known so-called POLPAK filling, bundles of ribbons are made with different widths helically wound and parallel to the gas and Liquid flow set up. The bands are made of metal latticework or plastic.

(t'Inzynieria i Apendixa Chemiczna #; 1975, No. 3, pp. 15-22) Disadvantageous in the case of ring fillings, which are used as bulk fillings or laid fillings is the uneven distribution of the liquid and the wetting up the entire height of the filling as well as the great resistance of the gas phase. The Rings with increased surface in a form of cutouts allow at small Ratio of the surface area of the openings to the total outer surface area of the rings no free flow of the gas phase into the interior of the ring. As a result a large proportion of the gas flows around the rings on their outside, so that the Inner surface is only involved in mass transfer to a small extent.

In addition, the ring elements cause uneven distribution as a result the liquid and gas create numerous and undesirable free Channels in the filling. The ring elements also hold some of the liquid that is not involved in the exchange process. Besides, they let you free flow of the liquid streams.

A disadvantage of the fillings in the form of inserts, especially the plane-parallel and folded, the necessity is that spacers and vortex elements must be provided to cause the turbulence of the flow. Through this work and execution costs increase and the weight of the column increases.

Another disadvantage of these fillings, especially the packet fillings, is a limited mixing of the agents over the cross section of the column what in the case of insufficient wetting leads to the formation of individual channels through which the gas flows through it without participating in the mass transfer. This has a disadvantage Influence on the performance of the exchange process.

If insert elements are used, a system of openings have, # especially in horizontal surfaces, the gas and vapor phase not contacting the liquid phase satisfactorily, thereby reducing the distribution capacity the stake is lowered.

The object on which the invention is based is to provide an insert with a large effective surface per unit volume, with a low flow resistance and to create even distribution of the liquid, with good contact between the liquid phase and the gas phase should be achieved to a high To ensure the performance of the mass and heat exchange process.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a filling construction or an insert consisting of elements, solved as smooth, folded or perforated rectangular plates are made, extending along their longer edges touch and in the insert cross-section a system of flow channels with a Form a profile of regular geometric figures. These panels are in the Corners connected with pipe nipples, preferably ring nipplesS.

Each plate has any number of pairs of cutouts, preferably in the form of trapezoids or right-angled triangles, which in each pair lead to the both sides of the plate are bent. The bending lines of the next pairs of cutouts same plate are parallel to each other and to the edge of this plate by one acute angle, preferably inclined by 45 °.

In another embodiment, the bending lines are the adjacent ones Pairs of cutouts of the same plate in opposite directions, based on the Edge of this plate, inclined and so are mirror images of each other.

The cutouts in the panels are to the surfaces of these panels bent at any angle, preferably at a right angle.

The pairs of cutouts with trapezoidal profile> those of neighboring panels are bent and have a flow channel, especially with a triangular cross-section, form, are arranged at the same height and touch - point-like in the center of gravity of the triangular cross-section of the channel.

The pairs of cutouts with triangular shape, those of neighboring ones Plates are bent and a flow channel, in particular with a triangular cross-section, are attached to the following panels at different heights and create drainage surfaces with a helical profile in this channel.

The plates have two cutouts on their shorter sides for Ring nipple. Along the longer sides they are in a known way with bends, e.g. in the form of channels for a mutual releasable connection of the plates.

In another embodiment, there is the filling insert according to the invention from flat rectangular plates, which are in a known manner permanently along the longer Edges are connected and the closed tubular profiles in the form of regular form geometric figures. These profiles are in the corners by nipples, preferably Ring nipple, connected.

The plates have cutouts in the shape of regular geometric Figures arranged in pairs and for each pair on either side of the plate are bent, creating drainage areas inside the profile.

These cutouts are arranged at the same height inside the tubular profile are permanently connected at points approximately in the axis of this profile.

In the cutouts are additional cutouts in the form of any executed geometric figures that are bent from the cutout surfaces. There is a cross lock in the ring nipples.

The use according to the invention has the following advantages: Small flow resistances, Elimination of sludge deposits on the insert elements and reduction of the Insert weight by about 60%, based on a filling made of Raschig rings with cross lock, and around 40 O / c, based on Raschig rings without a lock. The mass of 1 m3 of Raschig rings 100 x 100 mm is 750 kg. The use with the triangular arrangement that this Ring size, has a mass of 450 kg for 1 m3.

In addition, the use according to the invention ensures homogeneous conditions for the mass and heat exchange in the whole volume as well as an even and almost complete wettability of the surfaces. Furthermore, the use causes a strong turbulence in the gas phase and creates conditions for very good contact between the two media that are involved in the exchange of substances, which affects the overall performance of the Exchange process increased.

The invention is explained in more detail, for example, with the aid of the drawings. 1 shows an insert in axial section, FIG. 2 shows the insert from FIG. 1 from above, FIG. 3 the front view of the insert plate, FIG. 4 'the plate from FIG. 3 in side view, FIG. 5 the plate of FIG. 3 from above, FIG. 6 the section A-A in Fig. 3, Fig. 7 developed plates in the front view, Fig. 8 a tube profile of three plates from above and FIG. 9 shows another arrangement of plates in the column apparatus.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the insert 1 is in the housing 2 arranged in a column. The basic components of the insert 1 are flat, rectangular plates 3, which are set up vertically and mutually longitudinal the longer sides, six in one. Corner, touch.

The plates 3 are detachably fastened in the corners by means of ring nipples 4, which penetrate into corresponding cutouts 5 on the shorter plate sides. In the insert 1 formed in this way, all three plates 3 form a vertical main flow channel 6 with the profile of an equilateral triangle. Between three such channels arises an analog additional flow channel 6 '.

Any number of cutouts 7 is provided in each plate 3 Trapezoidal profile or cutouts 8 with a triangular profile, which is shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 3 to 5 is drawn, executed, arranged in pairs along the plate 3 and at each pair on either side of the plate 3 at a right angle to the plate surface are turned.

The bending lines of the cutouts 7 and 8 are in relation to each other in each pair parallel and inclined to the plate edge 3 at an acute angle, preferably 450.

In one and the same plate 3 the bending lines are the next Pairs of cutouts 7 or 8 parallel to each other or in opposite directions inclined to the plate edge so that they are mirror images of each other.

The plates 3 have semicircular thickenings on the longer edges 2 that reinforce the panels. On the shorter sides they are rectangular Cutouts 5 for the introduction of ring nipples ~ 4 provided, which the upper and form lower fastening of the plates 3.

In the triangular flow channels 6 are the trapezoidal cutouts 7 of three plates 3 attached at the same height and inclined to one side, being point-like at the center of gravity of the triangle formed by these plates will touch, whereby this channel is closed over the cross-section. the analog trapezoidal cutouts 7, however, from the plates 6 of the channel 6 to the outside are bent, belong to the additional channel 6 and form a lock that to that of channel 6 is identical.

In this way is created by connecting three together triangular sets of plates 3 that form three basic channels, one additional fourth channel between them, in which the walls of the plates 3 and those of them bent cutouts 8 or 7 can be used.

The triangular cutouts 8 can be in the plates 3 on different Heights are arranged, making these cutouts in the triangular flow channel Form a cascading barrier system and a spiral-helical movement the liquid and the gas.

In another embodiment (Fig. 8) the insert consists of elements in the form of rigid tubular profiles 10 with a triangular profile, which by permanent Connection of the plates 3 along the longer sides can be obtained, with the Junction of the edge 11, which forms the stiffening of the profile 10, thickened is.

In each tubular profile 10 cutouts 5 are made, in which The ring nipples 4 are inserted during assembly.

In the walls of the tubular profile 10, that is to say in the plates 3, there are trapezoidal cutouts 12 or triangular sections carried out, which are not shown in the figure, and their arrangement along the walls and angular arrangement analogous to the cut-outs 7 or 8 is.

The pipe profiles are fixed under each other in the corners by means of ring nipples 4 connected, thereby forming a rigid insert structure in the form of a honeycomb is, with between three connected pipe profiles, analogous to the triangular arrangement of plates 3, an additional flow channel arises from the outer walls this pipe profile is limited.

In a further embodiment (FIG. 9), the tubular profiles have a square or hexagonal cross-section. In addition, the Cutouts 7, 8 and 12 additional cutouts 7 ', 8' and 12 'with profiles any geometric figures can be formed, these cutouts are bent with respect to their associated cutouts.

The ring nipples 4 consist of straight pipe sections and are to the flow of the liquid along the touching edges of the plates 3 or To reduce pipe profiles 10, equipped with a lock 4.

As FIG. 9 shows, there are three plates in each case in a further arrangement 3 connected to each other, whereby hexagonal flow channels are formed, or four interconnected plates 3 to form square channels.

In a further embodiment, the plates 3 are one below the other set up in parallel and form straight or spiral-shaped filling systems. For the mutual connection of the plates 3 are in a known manner along their bends not shown on longer sides, e.g. in form of small gutters, profile indentations, etc.

These bends are both connection elements and stiffeners of the plates 3.

The insert according to the invention can consist of sets of plates 3 (not shown), which by permanently connecting the edges two, three, four and form multi-armed arrangements, e.g. a Vt 'arrangement consisting of two plates, which are set up at an angle of 600, a "Y" arrangement consisting of three plates arranged at an angle of 1200, one: cross arrangement, a six-armed arrangement, etc.

The plates 3 and the tubular profiles 10 can be made of metal, plastic, Ceramics, charcoal and the like can be produced.

During the mass and heat exchange process, hot liquid becomes abandoned from above on insert 1. The hot liquid overflows downwards the walls of the plates 3 and cascade along the next cutouts 7 and 8, wetting the surfaces and contacting the countercurrent gas.

As a result of the inclination of the cutouts, as well as their different ones Arrangement in the flow channels 6 and 6 is a vortex movement or a helical spiral forced movement of the liquid and gas, resulting in good mixing of the two Phases and an increase in the exchange of substances and heat are also guaranteed, if the insert is exposed to small amounts of the gas phase.

Claims (12)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Insert for used for heat and mass transfer Columns, consisting of stable elements, which flow channels for in the column Form media parallel to the vertical column axis and with tail units and vortex elements are equipped for the flow, thereby g e -k # e '# n n z e i c h n e t that the elements of the insert (1) smooth, corrugated or perforated, rectangular Plates (3) are touching along the longer edges and at the corners by means of Nipples (4) are connected, whereby a system over the cross section of the insert (1) of flow channels (6, 6 ') with a profile of regular geometric figures is formed, and that each plate (3) any number of pairs of cutouts (7, 8), which are bent in each pair to both sides of the plate (3). 2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t, that the bending lines of the following pairs of cutouts (7, 8) of the same plate (3) parallel to each other and to the edge of this plate with a acute angle, preferably at 450, are inclined. 3. Binsatz according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that the bending lines of adjacent pairs of cutouts (7, 8) of the same plate (3) are inversely inclined in relation to the edge of this plate, creating a mirror image Arrangement arises. 4. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that the bent sections of the plate (3) have the shape of right triangles (8) or trapezoids (7) and preferably opposite the surface of the plate (3) are bent at a right angle. 5. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that the strips of the substantially trapezoidal cutouts (7) from adjacent Plates 3 are bent, having a flow channel, in particular a channel Form triangular cross-section, arranged at the same level, with their edges have a certain distance to each other or are in the center of gravity of the triangular Touch the cross-section of the duct. 6. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that the strips of the essentially triangular cutouts (8) from the neighboring Plates (3) are bent, which the flow channel, in particular a channel with form a triangular cross-section, are arranged at different heights and Form drainage surfaces with a helical profile. 7. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that along the longer edges of the panels (3) Terminal bends are designed for a mutual detachable connection of these plates0 8. Use for columns used for heat and mass transfer, consisting of stable elements, the flow channels in the column for media parallel to the vertical column axis form and are equipped with tail units and vortex elements for the flow, in that the elements of the insert (1) are tubular profiles (10) are in the form of regular geometric figures made up of flat rectangular Plates (3) are composed, which are permanent along the longer edges of this Plates are connected, these profiles connected in the corners by nipples (4) are and the plates (3) cutouts (12) in the form of regular geometric Figures have been arranged in pairs and in each pair on either side of the Plate (3 ') are bent. 9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t, that the cutouts (12), which are at the same height inside the tubular profile (10) are arranged, permanently connected to each other about the axis of this profile are. 10. Use according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that g e k e n n -z ei c h n e t that the nipples (4) of the plates (3, 3 ') are ring elements with locks (4'). 11. Use ~ according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the plates (3, 3 ') on the shorter sides with two cutouts (5, 5 ') are provided. 12. Use according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that in the cutouts (7, 8, 12) of the plates (3, 3 ') additional cutouts (7 ', 8', 12 ') are provided in any form of any geometric figures, which are bent from the surface of these cutouts.